CN111253462B - 一种白桦脂醇衍生物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种白桦脂醇衍生物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111253462B CN111253462B CN202010136010.3A CN202010136010A CN111253462B CN 111253462 B CN111253462 B CN 111253462B CN 202010136010 A CN202010136010 A CN 202010136010A CN 111253462 B CN111253462 B CN 111253462B
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- betulin
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- linoleic acid
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- conjugated linoleic
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Abstract
本发明属于生物医药技术领域,公开了一种白桦脂醇衍生物及其制备方法和应用。该衍生物具有如式(I)所示的结构。其制备方法包括以下步骤:将白桦脂醇溶于溶剂中,在脱水剂N,N'‑二环己基碳二亚胺或1‑(3‑二甲氨基丙基)‑3‑乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐,以及催化剂对二甲氨基吡啶作用下,0℃搅拌反应1~6h;然后加入共轭亚油酸,白桦脂醇和共轭亚油酸的摩尔比为1:1‑3,从冰浴中升高温度至室温,避光搅拌过夜;过滤液浓缩,冰乙醚或异丙醇重结晶,层析或制备液相纯化,冻干即可获得产物。该白桦脂醇衍生物及其药学上可接受的盐、同位素标记物可应用于制备抗癌、治疗肥胖及肾纤维化的药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药技术领域,特别涉及一种白桦脂醇衍生物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
白桦脂醇(Betulin,BE)是一种五环三萜类化合物,属三萜类化合物,不溶于水,微溶于甲醇、乙醇、丙酮,易溶于四氢呋喃、吡啶,广泛存在于多种植物药材中,如中国油茶、白桦树、在酸枣仁、白桦树、滇刺枣等多种植物中,尤其是申请人项目组新发现BE在油茶饼中高含量富集存在,具有深入开发价值。具有抗肿瘤、抗艾滋病病毒、抗炎、免疫调节、肝保护、抗氧化应激、抗菌、抗寄生虫、抗疟疾及抗溃疡等多种活性(中草药,2014;45(14):2118-24.),而且毒性很小,是最有前途的抗癌药物前体,为治疗艾滋病、肿瘤的新物质。同时,白桦脂醇可以选择性地杀伤癌细胞,而对正常细胞无明显毒性,对癌细胞的敏感强度约是正常细胞的10倍,不易产生耐药性,不存在药物残留等优点,且具有高剂量安全性。后续的研究发现白桦脂醇对卵巢癌、宫颈癌、前列腺癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌、白血病等肿瘤细胞株均具有较好的抗癌活性。白桦脂醇作为一种天然产物因其新颖的抗肿瘤机制和显著的抗肿瘤活性,正日益显示出其良好的单独或与传统抗肿瘤手段、药物联用的开发前景。由于其生物利用度低、疏水性强、细胞内累积量不足,限制其成为潜在治疗药物。因此,改善这类化合物的药代动力学特性十分必要。因此,通过有机合成方法合成其天然产物类似物,进行结构优化,构建产量更高,抗肿瘤活性更好的新型白桦脂酸衍生物,并用于抗肿瘤药物的开发研究具有重要意义。
随着对白桦脂醇类化合物药理活性的认识不断加深,不少研究者尝试以白桦脂醇为母核进行结构修饰,以求提高其溶解度,增加其生物利用度,降低其毒性。对白桦脂醇的结构修饰主要集中在三个位置:C-3位、C-20位和C-28位;其中,对3位羟基的改造一般是以吡啶作溶剂,与各种环状二酸酐反应,合成末端带羧酸基的酯;该类型的酰基可能增强抗HIV活性,这一类型的改造还是比较成功的。提示发挥活性时关键的氢键反应可能与3β位的氧相关。其中,化合物DSB(YK-FH312)尤其引人注目。对C-3位羟基和C-28位羟基的改造已取得一定进展,但C-20位的结构修饰和改造尚缺乏令人满意的结果,其它位置取代的白桦脂醇衍生物则罕见报道。如CN104387440A通过对C-28位或C-3位和C-28位进行双氨基乙酸酯化,发明的白桦脂醇氨基酸酯具有抗肿瘤细胞增殖作用;CN200610119542公开了一种桦树皮中白桦脂醇的提取纯化方法;CN109180775A公开了C-28亚胺取代白桦脂醇异构体衍生物及其制备方法和在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用;CN104271550B公开了抗HIV的白桦脂醇的丙烯酸酯衍生物;CN106589046A公开了含5-苯基异噁唑白桦脂醇衍生物及其降血糖药物应用;CN107892709A引入对氨基苯酚结构,公开了对硝基苯氧基白桦脂醇基(28)甲酰酯及以其合成的白桦酯醇衍生物用于抗氧化作用;以及CN108026139A等系列白桦脂醇的衍生物及应用。CN200610067268公开了包括白桦脂醇、白桦脂酸等五环三萜类化合物作为糖原磷酸化酶抑制剂的制药用途。至今为止,白桦脂醇母体修饰的衍生物,如RPR103611和PA457(Bevirimat)已经处于抗HIV的临床实验阶段,NVX-207在进行抗肿瘤的临床实验;但是由于其在水中的溶解性太差,导致生物利用度低及体内传输、代谢等方面的缺点。
共轭亚油酸(Conjugated linoleic acid,CLA)即共轭十八碳二烯酸,是亚油酸的一组构象和位置异构体,这些异构体的共同特征为2个双键直接通过1个碳-碳单键连接,没有被亚甲基隔开,包括顺反构型共有十几种同分异构体。天然共轭亚油酸主要存在于瘤胃动物牛、羊等的乳脂及肉制品中,乳脂中含量从2~25mg/g不等,且CLA的含量随奶牛的年龄增长而增加。人工合成共轭亚油酸主要以亚油酸或富含亚油酸的植物油为底物,通过碱催化的异构化反应合成。人工合成的共轭亚油酸仍是多种异构体的混合物,主要含有顺9,反11-CLA和/或反10,顺12-CLA;具有多种生理活性,如抗癌、减肥、抗动脉粥样硬化、控制Ⅱ型糖尿病等备受关注(Sci Rep.2016;6:36614.;Asian Pac J Cancer Prev.2016;17(7):3395-403.;Evid Based Complement Alternat Med.2013;2013:429393.;FoodChem.2012;134(4):1839-46.)。有意思的是,目前已有研究证实共轭亚油酸(CLA)体内外抗肿瘤治疗中具有显著的抑制肿瘤生长的作用,其主要作用机制包括抑制DNA合成、促进细胞凋亡以及特异性免疫功能增强等,并且在动物长期给与CLA过程中并没有发现明显的血液毒性和器官毒性,表明该物质在体内应用是具有良好的安全性[Int J Cancer.2004;12:909-19.;Cancer Lett.2002;177:163-72.]。多不饱和脂肪酸是人体必须的一类脂肪酸,人体无法通过自主合成而得,只能通过外界摄取。与正常细胞相比,肿瘤细胞的代谢更为旺盛,需要更多的营养物质,其中包括多不饱和脂肪酸[Nat.Protoc 2006;1(3):1112-6.]。鉴此,现有研究结果表明CLA对肿瘤和代谢异常疾病组织具有一定的靶向性。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中存在的缺点和不足,本发明的首要目的在于提供一种白桦脂醇衍生物;该衍生物可以增强靶向肿瘤或代谢异常疾病组织,增加组织穿透性,提高疗效,降低副作用。
本发明的再一目的在于提供一种上述白桦脂醇衍生物的制备方法。
本发明的又一目的在于提供上述白桦脂醇衍生物的应用。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现:
一种白桦脂醇衍生物,该衍生物具有如式(I)所示的结构:
上述的一种白桦脂醇衍生物的制备方法,包括以下操作步骤:
将白桦脂醇溶于溶剂中,在脱水剂N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺或1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐,以及催化剂对二甲氨基吡啶作用下,0℃搅拌反应1~6h;然后加入共轭亚油酸,白桦脂醇和共轭亚油酸的摩尔比为1:1-3,从冰浴中升高温度至室温,避光搅拌过夜;过滤液浓缩,冰乙醚或异丙醇重结晶,层析或制备液相纯化,冻干即可获得结构如式(I)所示的白桦脂醇衍生物。
所述溶剂为CH2Cl2、DMSO或DMF;所述搅拌反应的时间为2.5h;所述室温为25℃。
所述白桦脂醇、脱水剂、催化剂的摩尔比为1:1:1~1:25:25。
上述的一种白桦脂醇衍生物及其药学上可接受的盐、同位素标记物在制备治疗抗癌药物中的应用。
所述抗癌药物包括抗宫颈癌、抗肝癌、抗慢性髓性白血病、抗三阴性乳腺癌或抗卵巢癌药物。
所述药物还包括药学上可接受的载体。
所述为片剂、胶囊、粉剂、颗粒剂、口服液、丸剂、散剂、缓释制剂、溶液剂、悬浮液、注射剂、微针、软膏、乳膏或栓剂。
上述的一种白桦脂醇衍生物在制备治疗肥胖、抗肾纤维化、抗病毒、抗腹泻制剂、改善睡眠药物或保健品中的应用。
具有通式(Ⅰ)结构的白桦脂醇衍生物的合成示意图如图1所示。
本申请所述“药学上可接受的盐”是指保留了指定化合物的游离酸和游离碱的生物效力,并且在生物学或其他方面没有不良作用的盐。本申请中的盐指用有机酸/无机酸形成的酸式盐,以及用有机碱/无机碱形成的碱式盐。
本申请所述“同位素标记物”是指由同位素标记的本申请化合物。例如本申请的化合物中的同位素包括H、C、O的各种同位素,如2H,3H,13C,14C,18O,17O。
本申请所述“药学上可接受的前药”是指本申请化合物的任何药学上可接受的盐、酯、酯的盐或其他衍生物,其在向受体施用后能够直接或间接的提供本申请的化合物或其具有药学活性的代谢物或残基。
本发明的原理是:
本发明基于共轭亚油酸介导肿瘤等代谢细胞富集原理,以共轭亚油酸修饰白桦脂醇前体药物解决其增效成药性问题,提高药效,增加疾病细胞选择性,降低毒副作用,更适合临床使用;经过细胞毒实验MTT法测试表明,本发明化合物对宫颈癌等肿瘤细胞(宫颈癌HeLa、慢性髓性白血病K562、三阴性乳腺癌MDA-MB-231、卵巢癌SK-OV-3和肝癌HepG2等)体外生长抑制作用IC50比原型药物(白桦脂醇为例)显著提高5-7倍。对正常肝脏细胞LO2毒性数据表明本发明化合物与原型药物具有类似的高度安全性,提示共轭亚油酸修饰药物具有更低的毒性和更好的肿瘤靶向性。2%兔红细胞溶血试验表明本发明白桦脂醇衍生物在4h内未见红细胞溶血聚集,等价白桦脂醇剂量>60mg。家兔耳缘静脉刺激性实验表明本发明白桦脂醇衍生物溶解在生理盐水中静脉滴注无血管刺激性。
本发明相对于现有技术,具有如下的优点及有益效果:
基于共轭亚油酸对肿瘤等代谢异常疾病的选择性,本发明设计合成共轭亚油酸与白桦脂醇的前体药物,以达到增强疾病组织特异性,增加组织穿透性,提高疗效,降低副作用等功能,具有良好的临床应用前景。
附图说明
图1为BE-CLA合成示意图。
图2为白桦脂醇前体药物的体内抗癌效应及其对移植肝癌的裸鼠体重影响图。
图3为白桦脂醇衍生物BE-CLA对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠体重的影响图。
图4为白桦脂醇衍生物BE-CLA对高脂小鼠肝脏甘油三酯(TG)水平的影响图。
具体实施方法
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1白桦脂醇衍生物的制备
取白桦脂醇(0.3mmol)溶于120ml的DMSO中,在脱水剂DCC(6.0mmol)和催化剂DMAP(6.0mmol)作用下,0℃搅拌6h;然后按白桦脂醇摩尔比1:3倍加入共轭亚油酸(CLA),从冰浴中升高温度至室温25℃,避光搅拌过夜;过滤液浓缩,冰乙醚或异丙醇重结晶,层析或制备液相纯化,冻干即可获得本发明白桦脂醇衍生物BE-CLA(收率约77%),质谱鉴定离子峰[M+H]+为:706.6,对应分子结构式为:C48H80O3。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO):0.93-0.98(6CH2,12H(1CH2,2H,来源于共轭亚油酸;5CH2,10H,来源于白桦脂酸;);2CH,2H(白桦脂酸));1.05-1.15(2CH,2H,白桦脂酸);1.24-1.54(19CH2;38H;其中9CH2,亚油酸;10CH2,白桦脂酸;延宽峰;);2.10-2.16(2CH2,1CH,5H;其中2CH2,亚油酸;CH,白桦脂酸;宽峰);2.34(CH2,2H,亚油酸);3.36(CH,1H,白桦脂酸,羟基连接C原子上H峰);3.85-4.04(CH2,2H,C28位OH连接C原子上H峰);4.82(OH,1H,白桦脂酸C3位);4.95(CH,1H,白桦脂酸C=C上H);5.13(CH,1H,白桦脂酸C=C上H);5.68(2CH,2H,亚油酸C=C-C=C上末端H);6.07(2CH,2H,亚油酸C=C-C=C上H)。
IR:红外光谱中明显增加了1722cm-1的酯羰基峰,说明白桦脂醇和共轭亚油酸通过酯键连接上。
上述质谱数据证明本实施例所得白桦脂醇衍生物具有如下所示结构:
实施例2白桦脂醇衍生物注射液的制备
取等量于白桦脂醇10g的经由实施例1制备的白桦脂醇衍生物(B-CLA),溶解于注射用乳和生理盐水中,加入氯化钠5.0g搅拌均匀,稀盐酸调节pH=5.0,然后加入0.5%的注射用活性炭,60℃恒温30min,脱炭后,滤液加注射用水至1000ml,0.22μm的无菌滤膜过滤,2ml/支分装于玻璃曲颈安瓿中,熔封,100℃流通蒸汽湿热灭菌40min,然后贴标签保存。
实施例3白桦脂醇衍生物注射液的制备
取等量于白桦脂醇12g的经由实施例1制备的白桦脂醇衍生物(BE-CLA),溶解于注射用油中,加入氯化钠5.0g搅拌均匀,稀盐酸调节pH=5.0,然后加入0.5%的注射用活性炭,60℃恒温30min,脱炭后,滤液加注射用水至1000ml,0.22μm的无菌滤膜过滤,2ml/支分装于玻璃曲颈安瓿中,熔封,然后贴标签保存。
实施例4白桦脂醇衍生物注射冻干粉的制备
取等量于白桦脂醇10g的经由实施例1制备的白桦脂醇衍生物(BE-CLA)粉末,加入注射用葡萄糖粉末25g搅拌均匀,按40mg/瓶无菌分装于玻璃曲颈安瓿中,冷冻干燥,钴60辐射灭菌,密封然后贴标签保存。
实施例5白桦脂醇衍生物的血管刺激性试验
取用注射用水50ml稀释经过微量DMSO溶解好的实施例1制备的白桦脂醇衍生物10mg,实验家兔6只,随机3组(白桦脂醇衍生物药物组、白桦脂醇组及生理盐水组),其中生理盐水作对照,给家兔左耳缘静脉滴注白桦脂醇衍生物注射液,右耳缘静脉滴注同体积生理盐水,3h内滴注完成。滴注完成后取注射点下端1cm处的血管及心、肝、脾、肺、胰腺、肾和脑组织进行固定福尔马林溶液,石蜡包埋切片,HE染色,数字病理学分析评价。
经观察给药后每日家兔的饮食、毛发、肛门、呼吸、中枢神经系统、四肢活动状态等均正常,无中毒表现。至约48h左右,处死的动物,观察直肠粘膜光滑平整,无异常;其余留存家兔逐日监测,无异常出现。到第七天处死动物,观察体重和参照《新药研究指南》对血管刺激进行分级。家兔血管刺激性试验的病理组织学检查结果为耳廓、表皮无异常,真皮血管内皮细胞无肿胀,毛细血管管壁无出血、坏死或炎性细胞浸润,软骨层、软骨细胞无增生或坏死,软骨细胞排列整齐;肝脏、心肌组织、脑组织、肺部、肾脏和胰腺组织均无异常。生理盐水对照组耳廓表皮无异常,真皮血管内皮细胞无肿胀,毛细血管壁无出血、坏死或炎性细胞浸润,软骨细胞排列整齐,无增生或坏死,软骨层、软骨细胞无增生或坏死。白桦脂醇衍生物药物组、白桦脂醇组及生理盐水组在病理学组织上无明显差异。
实施例6细胞毒检测评价实验
白桦脂醇BE、共轭亚油酸CLA及实施例1制备的白桦脂醇衍生物药物组(BE-CLA)的体外抗癌效应评价。本实施例中采用多种癌组织来源的肿瘤细胞(HeLa、K562、MDA-MB-231、HepG2和SK-OV-3)对实施例1制备的白桦脂醇衍生物BE-CLA及其原型化合物BE和CLA进行药效评价,同时LO2肝脏细胞对其进行正常细胞的毒实验测试。
取对数生长期的细胞,根据细胞的大小接种2~10×103个于96孔板上,待生长24h后,弃上清,然后按以下分组给药:癌细胞设不加药组和加药组(浓度1~100μM对癌细胞,浓度5~200μM对LO2细胞),顺铂(Cisplatin)为阳性药物参照,BE和CLA作对照比较,对实施例1制备的白桦脂醇衍生物BE-CLA进行细胞毒性检测。每组设4~6个复孔,培养72h后,弃上清,加入100μl含0.5mg/ml的MTT(四氮唑盐)无血清培养液培养4h,加入100μl DMSO(二甲亚砜),放置于微型振荡仪上振荡10min,再置于酶标仪上570nm处检测OD值。正常人细胞系LO2做对照。每次实验均重复3次。
结果显示,随着药物浓度增加,与相应不加药对照组比较,细胞增殖活性分别下降,说明白桦脂醇衍生物呈浓度依赖性抑制癌细胞的生长增殖。而对正常肝细胞系LO2细胞的增殖活性未有明显变化,显示出该白桦脂醇衍生物对正常细胞具有低毒特性(表1)。
表1不同细胞的IC50值(72h)及不同化合物IC50比值
实施例7:腹腔注射白桦脂醇衍生物BE-CLA前体药物的抗肿瘤药效学评价
将实施例1制备的白桦脂醇衍生物BE-CLA、BE和CLA溶解在PEG200和10%乙醇的混合溶媒(1:4,v/v)中,用生盐水稀释配制成注射液。雌性BALB/c裸鼠(初始重量18-20±g,上海动物实验中心提供),接种5×106/只裸鼠的HepG2细胞后形成实体瘤,待长成50-100mm3后分组,按50mg/kg白桦脂醇等剂量按2天/次进行腹腔注射给药6次,末次给药后继续观察4天进行裸鼠牺牲,采用游标卡尺测定瘤体尺寸,并计算瘤体大小。
研究结果表明(图2),于生理盐水对照组相比,BE-CLA和BE注射液均有统计学差异抗肿瘤效应。与BE和CLA组相比,注射BE-CLA组的抗肿瘤效应更显著(##,p<0.01),与BE治疗组比较亦具有显著性统计差异(**,p<0.01);且前药组的裸鼠体重和生理盐水对照组具有显著统计差异(#,p<0.05),相对BE处理组体重而言,具有一定的统计学优异性(*,p<0.05),提示BE-CLA具有很高的安全性,且很可能比BE更好。
实施例8:实施例1所得白桦脂醇衍生物BE-CLA对单侧输尿管结扎大鼠肾间质纤维化的影响
普通级Wistar大鼠(雄性,体重180-200g左右);贝那普利为阳性药物;检测试剂盒为羟脯氨酸(HYP)试剂盒和纤维连结蛋白(FN)试剂盒。
大鼠70只,随机分7组,即假手术组、模型组、贝那普利灌胃15mg/kg组、BE-CLA静脉(iv)注射10mg/kg组和20mg/kg组、BE-CLA灌胃(ig)25mg/kg组和50mg/kg组,动物喂养1周,各大鼠以10%水合氯醛3.0mL/kg腹腔注射麻醉后,将大鼠右侧卧位固定与手术台上,剪毛后用碘酒、75%酒精消毒手术区,行左侧腹切口,逐层切开皮肤、肌肉及腹壁各层,暴露并分离左侧输尿管,假手术组仅切开腹腔并游离左侧输尿管,但不结扎和剪断,其他各组大鼠用4-0丝线结扎两道,上一道结扎点位于左肾下极水平,然后在两道结扎点剪断输尿管,逐层缝合,术后10天麻醉后处死各组动物,取血,按试剂盒说明测定说明纤维联接蛋白(FN)。生理盐水反复灌洗后留取左侧肾脏,肾组织经4%多聚甲醛缓冲液固定。切取适量肾组织,按羟脯氨酸试剂盒测定说明测定羟脯氨酸。
常规病理学检查:①肉眼观察:假手术组的肾脏颜色鲜红,表明光滑,包膜光泽,无粘连。其他各组肾脏体积增大,颜色苍白,表明呈颗粒状,类似人体大白肾,少数区域肾包膜粘连。②光镜检查:假手术组的肾单位结果清晰,肾小球囊无扩张或炎细胞浸润。模型对照组大片肾小管坏死,肾间质纤维细胞增生,肾小管扩张,内有大量棕黄色遮光物质或坏死脱落的上皮细胞,肾小球数目减少,部分肾小球纤维化并与包曼氏囊壁粘连,囊腔消失。给药各组病变与模型对照组类似,但均有不同程度的形态学改善,尤以BE-CLA灌胃大剂量组显著,与模型对照组比较有明显差异。
表2 BE-CLA对单侧输尿管结扎大鼠肾间质纤维化的影响
| 组别 | 剂量(mg/kg) | 羟脯氨酸(μg/g) | 纤维连结蛋白(mg/L) |
| 假手术组 | 397.6±46.9 | 6.9±1.2 | |
| 模型组 | 799.4±166.5 | 33.1±5.8 | |
| 贝拉普利组 | 15 | 439.7±136.7* | 15.4±5.7* |
| BE-CLAiv | 10 | 599.1±157.4* | 15.9±4.2* |
| 20 | 509.2±144.1** | 10.3±5.1** | |
| BE-CLA ig | 25 | 607.1±135.8* | 16.8±6.1* |
| 50 | 518.1±102.9** | 11.1±3.5** |
备注:*p<0.05,**p<0.01,与模型组相比较。
对各处理组的大鼠肾脏的FN和HYP进行T检验统计分析,结果见表2所示,BE-CLA静脉注射(10mg/kg组和20mg/kg组)与灌胃组(25mg/kg组和50mg/kg组)降低FN和HYPP水平(与模型对照组比较,p<0.05或0.01);这些结论证明提示BE-CLA能够显著降低肾间质纤维化FN和HYPP水平的升高,抑制肾间质纤维化,可以用来制备抗肾纤维化药物。
实施例9:实施例1所得白桦脂醇衍生物BE-CLA对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠体重的影响
将6~8周龄,健康SPF级雄性,C57BL/6J的小鼠经普通饲料适应性喂养一周后,随机分为两组,每组十只,保证两组小鼠平均初始体重相同。分别给予高脂饲料(Control)和高脂加BE-CLA(200mg/kg)饲料喂养近两个月,每四天对小鼠体重进行称量。两组小鼠初始体重无差异,在给药第7天开始高脂小鼠和高脂加BE-CLA的体重开始出现差异,高脂加BE-CLA体重低于高脂组(p<0.05),并且随时间变化差异逐渐增大,在给药11天后,高脂食物加BE-CLA体重明显低于高脂组(p<0.01;如图3所示)。实验结果表明,BE-CLA能够显著抑制高脂饮食小鼠的体重增长,治疗肥胖。
实施例10:实施例1所得白桦脂醇衍生物BE-CLA对高脂小鼠肝脏组织的影响
鉴于肝内酯类沉积是引起非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的重要因素,而甘油三酯是其中最重要的指标。因此,在本实验结束时取小鼠肝脏组织进行肝脏甘油三酯(Triglyceride,TG)测定。具体测定方法如下:首先进行组织匀浆,在1.5mL的EP管中加入500μl的5%的NP40,取出约30mg肝脏标本放在里面(记录具体重量)。在冰浴上用研磨仪以60赫兹研磨3次×45s制成匀浆。后将样品上清全部转移至1.5mL离心管。接着将1.5mL的EP管95℃水浴5min(白色沉淀形成);室温放置10min;再95℃水浴5min,再室温放置10min;室温,最大转速13000×g,离心2min;离心后转移上清液约100μL到新的0.5mL的EP管内,然后采用甘油磷酸氧化酶法测TG。设置空白管三个,其中加入2μL双蒸水,设置校准管单个,其中中加入2μL校准品,样本管中加入2μL血清样本,每个酶标孔中加入125μL R1,混匀后37℃水浴5min;接着在各孔中加入62.5μL R2,混匀,37℃水浴5min。其中TG于主波长550nm,副波长660nm处比色。计算时用双蒸水校零,读取各管吸光度。计算公式:TG(mmol/L)=(样本管吸光度-空白管吸光度)/(校准管吸光度-空白管吸光度)×2.26(校准品浓度)。与普通高脂小鼠相比,BE-CLA组高脂小鼠肝脏甘油三酯(TG)水平显著下降,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.01;如图4所示)。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于:所述白桦脂醇衍生物的制备方法包括以下操作步骤:
将白桦脂醇溶于溶剂中,在脱水剂N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺或1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐,以及催化剂对二甲氨基吡啶作用下,0℃搅拌反应1~6h;然后加入共轭亚油酸,白桦脂醇和共轭亚油酸的摩尔比为1:1-3,从冰浴中升高温度至室温,避光搅拌过夜;过滤液浓缩,冰乙醚或异丙醇重结晶,层析或制备液相纯化,冻干即可获得结构如式(I)所示的白桦脂醇衍生物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于:所述溶剂为CH2Cl2、DMSO或DMF;所述搅拌反应的时间为2.5h;所述室温为25℃。
4.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于:所述白桦脂醇、脱水剂、催化剂的摩尔比为1:1:1~1:25:25。
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