CN111197757A - A grate structure of a sludge incinerator - Google Patents
A grate structure of a sludge incinerator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111197757A CN111197757A CN202010105930.9A CN202010105930A CN111197757A CN 111197757 A CN111197757 A CN 111197757A CN 202010105930 A CN202010105930 A CN 202010105930A CN 111197757 A CN111197757 A CN 111197757A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- grate
- stage
- slag
- combustion
- sludge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
- F23H7/02—Inclined or stepped grates with fixed bars
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H17/00—Details of grates
- F23H17/12—Fire-bars
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H9/00—Revolving-grates; Rocking or shaking grates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L5/00—Blast-producing apparatus before the fire
- F23L5/02—Arrangements of fans or blowers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H2700/00—Grates characterised by special features or applications
- F23H2700/009—Grates specially adapted for incinerators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种污泥焚烧炉的炉排结构，包括污泥滑道、前级炉排、助燃风道、后级炉排和渣槽；所述的前级炉排设于污泥滑道下端的斜下方位置，前级炉排下方为助燃风道，所述的渣槽设于前级炉排的出口端的斜下方位置，所述的后级炉排设于渣槽下方，渣槽的底部开口，后级炉排封闭着渣槽底部开口，所述的助燃风道与渣槽之间设有隔墙；所述的前级炉排由多条扁平状的炉条组成，各炉条依序呈台阶状排列，每条炉条的上表面往渣槽方向向下倾斜，相邻炉条上下之间留有间隙，所述的后级炉排设有转动支点，后级炉排可转动，后级炉排与砝码或弹簧相联接。本发明可提高燃烧质量燃烧效率，减少能耗和清渣人工，其结构简单可靠，也减少了设备造价。
The invention discloses a grate structure of a sludge incinerator, comprising a sludge slideway, a pre-stage grate, a combustion-supporting air duct, a post-stage grate and a slag groove; the pre-stage grate is arranged on the sludge slide. The position of the lower end of the duct is obliquely below, and the lower part of the front-stage grate is the combustion-supporting air duct; The bottom opening of the slag tank is closed by the rear-stage grate, and a partition wall is arranged between the combustion-supporting air duct and the slag tank; the front-stage grate is composed of a plurality of flat grate bars, and each furnace The bars are arranged in steps in sequence, the upper surface of each grate bar is inclined downward in the direction of the slag groove, and there is a gap between the upper and lower sides of the adjacent grate bars. It can be rotated, and the rear-stage grate is connected with weights or springs. The invention can improve combustion quality and combustion efficiency, reduce energy consumption and slag cleaning labor, has a simple and reliable structure, and also reduces equipment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a grate structure of a sludge incinerator, in particular to a grate structure applied to the sludge incinerator, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection.
Background
The municipal sludge incineration treatment is the most thoroughly harmless treatment means at present, has a larger reduction ratio and lower secondary pollution compared with the traditional drying and landfill treatment modes, and is a preferred scheme for the future municipal sludge treatment.
In sludge incineration equipment, a grate in a hearth is a key part, and the design of the grate is concerned with the combustion efficiency, the combustion quality, the energy consumption cost and the slag treatment labor cost of sludge, and further comprises the problems of the reliability and the maintenance rate of the grate. The fixed fire grate mode adopted in the traditional technology has the problems that slag is easy to block and a large amount of manpower is needed for slag removal and the like, and the traditional technology also comprises the adoption of a chain type fire grate, so that the chain type fire grate driven by a machine is easy to damage in a high-temperature area due to the extremely high temperature of a fire grate area, and the manufacturing cost of the chain type fire grate is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a grate structure of a sludge incinerator, which can improve the combustion quality and combustion efficiency, reduce energy consumption and slag removal labor, has a simple and reliable structure and reduces the equipment cost.
The invention can adopt the following technical scheme:
a grate structure of a sludge incinerator comprises a sludge slide way, a front-stage grate, a combustion-supporting air duct, a rear-stage grate and a slag groove; the front-stage grate is arranged at the oblique lower position of the lower end of the sludge slide way, a combustion-supporting air channel is arranged below the front-stage grate, the slag groove is arranged at the oblique lower position of the outlet end of the front-stage grate, the rear-stage grate is arranged below the slag groove, the bottom opening of the slag groove is closed by the rear-stage grate, and a partition wall is arranged between the combustion-supporting air channel and the slag groove; the front-stage grate consists of a plurality of flat fire bars, the fire bars are arranged in a step-like manner in sequence, the upper surface of each fire bar is inclined downwards towards the slag chute, a gap is reserved between the upper part and the lower part of each adjacent fire bar, and the head end part of the fire bar with the lower horizontal position in the two adjacent fire bars is positioned under the tail end part of the other fire bar; the rear-stage grate is provided with a rotating fulcrum and can rotate, and the rear-stage grate is connected with a weight or a spring.
The invention can further adopt the following improvement measures to solve the problems:
one improvement measure is as follows: the front-stage grate and the rear-stage grate are made of refractory metal or ceramic materials.
One improvement measure is as follows: the combustion-supporting air duct is provided with a burner, and the burner is provided with a combustion-supporting fan.
One improvement measure is as follows: the torque direction of the rear grate acting on the rotating fulcrum is opposite to the torque direction of the weight acting on the rotating fulcrum.
One improvement measure is as follows: the rear-stage grate is connected with the weight through the rotating arm, the weight can move or be fixed on the rotating arm, and the acting force of the weight on the rotating fulcrum can be realized through the rotating arm.
One improvement measure is as follows: the rear-stage fire grate is connected with the weight through a pull rope, and the acting force of the weight on a rotating fulcrum can be realized through the pull rope.
One improvement measure is as follows: the pull rope is wound around the pulley.
One improvement measure is as follows: the rear stage grate is connected with a spring through a pull rope or a rotating arm, and the acting force of the spring on a rotating fulcrum can be realized through the rotating arm or the pull rope.
One improvement measure is as follows: the rotating fulcrum is arranged on the connecting piece of the rear-stage grate.
One improvement measure is as follows: the rear-stage fire grate is rotatably connected with the supporting piece or the furnace body through a rotating fulcrum.
The technical scheme has the following technical effects:
the two-stage fire grate of the invention respectively plays corresponding roles in different combustion stages. The function of the preceding stage grate is to maintain the dynamic combustion of the sludge, so that the sludge can roll in the falling process, and meanwhile, the firepower from the combustion-supporting air duct or the combustion supporting of air can be obtained through the gaps in the grate, so that the sludge can obtain good combustion conditions. The upper surface of the grate bar of the preceding stage grate is designed to be inclined downwards, so that the sludge or carbon slag can be prevented from falling into the combustion-supporting air duct in the sliding process. The structure can improve the combustion quality and the combustion efficiency and reduce the energy consumption. The structure is simple and reliable, and the cost of equipment is reduced. The structure reduces energy consumption and slag removal labor.
The rear grate is used for receiving completely burned or incompletely burned slag falling from the front grate, and the weight device is used for controlling the slag with proper weight to be stored in the slag groove, so that the slag is kept in the slag groove for a certain retention combustion time to be completely burned, and the slag is prevented from accumulating too much combustion-supporting fresh air to block the suction of combustion-supporting fresh air.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is another schematic structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, a grate structure of a sludge incinerator comprises a sludge slide way 4, a front-stage grate 2, a combustion-supporting air duct 21, a rear-stage grate 3 and a slag groove 31; the front-stage grate 2 is arranged at the oblique lower position of the lower end of the sludge slide way 4, and a combustion-supporting air duct 21 is arranged below the front-stage grate 2; the slag groove 31 is arranged at the position obliquely below the outlet end of the front-stage grate 4, the rear-stage grate 3 is arranged below the slag groove 31, the bottom of the slag groove is opened, and the rear-stage grate seals the bottom opening of the slag groove; a partition wall 1 is arranged between the combustion-supporting air duct 21 and the slag groove 31; the front-stage fire grate 2 is formed by combining a plurality of flat fire bars, the fire bars are arranged in a step shape in sequence, the upper surface of each fire bar inclines downwards towards the slag groove 31, a gap is reserved between the upper part and the lower part of each adjacent fire bar, the head end part of the fire bar with the lower horizontal position in the two adjacent fire bars is positioned under the tail end part of the other fire bar, the high end of the horizontal position in each fire bar is a head end, and the low end of the horizontal position in each fire bar is a tail end. The rear-stage grate 3 is provided with a rotating fulcrum 34, the rear-stage grate 3 is rotatably connected with the supporting piece or the furnace body through the rotating fulcrum 34, the rotating fulcrum 34 is connected with the rotating arm 32, and the rotating arm 32 is provided with a weight 33. The sludge slide way 4 and the front stage grate 2 are fixed on the furnace body or other corresponding supporting bodies.
One improvement is as follows: the front stage grate 2 and the rear stage grate 3 are made of ceramic materials.
One improvement is as follows: the combustion-supporting air duct 21 is provided with a burner 5, and the burner 5 is provided with a combustion-supporting fan 51.
One improvement is as follows: the direction of the torque applied to the pivot 34 by the rear grate 3 is opposite to the direction of the torque applied to the pivot 34 by the weight 33.
The rear grate is connected with the weight through a rotating arm, the weight can move or be fixed on the rotating arm, and the acting force of the weight 33 on a rotating fulcrum 34 can be realized through the rotating arm. The force of the weight 33 on the fulcrum 34 is in a lever manner.
The weight 33 can be moved on the pivoted arm to change the value of its moment acting on the pivot 34.
The working principle is as follows:
the sludge dried on the sludge slide way slides down to the front-stage grate, the sludge continuously slides down on the downward inclined front-stage grate, and the sludge and the carbon slag roll for multiple times in the sliding process of the front-stage grate because the front-stage grate is step-shaped, so that the sludge is uniformly heated and combusted.
The combustion-supporting air duct, the burner and the fan are arranged below the front-stage grate and are used for providing oxygen required by combustion or supplementing combustion-supporting fire power, and the oxygen or the fire power enters through a gap between a fire bar and a fire bar of the front-stage grate and contacts sludge to participate in combustion supporting.
Because the surfaces of all the fire bars on the front-stage fire grate are inclined downwards towards the slag groove, and the head end part of the fire bar with the lower horizontal position in the two adjacent fire bars is positioned under the tail end part of the other fire bar, the sludge or carbon slag falling from the upper fire bar can be completely received by the lower fire bars and then continuously slide downwards, so that the sludge can not reversely move from the gap between the two fire bars and fall into the combustion-supporting air duct, and the trouble of slag removal in the combustion-supporting air duct is avoided.
Some sludge which is not completely burnt through falls to a slag tank from a front grate, and if the part of slag with high carbon content is directly discharged out of the furnace, the hot slag can increase the difficulty of cooling and collecting, and the slag carries a large amount of heat and wastes energy.
The sludge which is not completely combusted is allowed to fall into the slag groove to be continuously combusted for a period of time, and fresh air is sucked from the rear-stage grate by utilizing the negative-pressure hearth formed by smoke pumping, so that the slag can be supported by oxygen in the slag groove, the discharged slag can be cooled by the entered fresh air, and the fresh air absorbs the waste heat of the slag and then participates in supporting combustion to obtain the effect of saving energy.
The slag reserve in the slag groove relates to the time of slag continuous combustion and the resistance generated by the entering of fresh air, the slag reserve in the slag groove is controlled by the torque generated by gravity on the rear-stage grate, when only a small amount of slag is in the slag groove in the working process, the rear-stage grate can be closed by the reverse torque force generated by the weight, so that the slag can not be discharged and is continuously accumulated, when the slag accumulation exceeds a certain weight, the grate can be acted by the gravity, when the torque acted on the fulcrum by the grate is greater than the torque acted on the fulcrum by the weight, the rear-stage grate can be pressed down to discharge the slag, when the slag is discharged by a certain amount, and the torque acted on the fulcrum by the weight is greater than the reverse torque of the rear-stage grate, the rear-stage grate can automatically move in the closing direction, so that the discharge of the slag can be reduced or stopped, so that the slag amount in the slag groove can be controlled within a certain range, if the torque of weight effect is too little, the slag only stays in the slag groove for a short time and just discharges, can cause sludge incineration insufficient and slag temperature too high, if the torque of weight effect is too big, the slag groove can gather too much slag and form big windage and hinder the new trend to inhale and influence the burning, the torque that acts on the pivot is adjusted to the weight of accessible regulation weight or arm of force length, just can be in suitable scope the slag reserves control.
Example 2: referring to fig. 1 and 2, a grate structure of a sludge incinerator comprises a sludge slide way 4, a front-stage grate 2, a combustion-supporting air duct 21, a rear-stage grate 3 and a slag groove 31; the front-stage grate 2 is arranged at the oblique lower position of the lower end of the sludge slide way 4, and a combustion-supporting air duct 21 is arranged below the front-stage grate 2; the slag groove 31 is arranged at the position obliquely below the outlet end of the front-stage grate 4, the rear-stage grate 3 is arranged below the slag groove 31, the bottom of the slag groove is opened, and the rear-stage grate seals the bottom opening of the slag groove; a partition wall 1 is arranged between the combustion-supporting air duct 21 and the slag groove 31; the front-stage grate 2 is formed by combining a plurality of flat fire bars, the fire bars are sequentially arranged in a step shape, the upper surface of each fire bar is inclined downwards towards the slag groove 31, a gap is reserved between the upper part and the lower part of each adjacent fire bar, and the projections of the two adjacent fire bars in the direction vertical to the ground are overlapped; the rear-stage fire grate 3 is provided with a rotating fulcrum 34, the rear-stage fire grate is connected with the weights through pull ropes, and the acting force of the weights on the rotating fulcrum can be realized through the pull ropes.
The pull rope is wound around the pulley. The rotating force of the weight 33 on the rotating fulcrum 34 is transmitted through the pulley 35.
The rotating fulcrum can be arranged on the rear-stage grate or a connecting piece thereof. The rest of the working principle is similar to that of embodiment 1.
In another embodiment, a spring can be used to apply a force to the pivot point through the pivot arm, and the direction of the torque applied to the pivot point 34 by the rear grate 3 is opposite to the direction of the torque applied to the pivot point 34 by the spring.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010105930.9A CN111197757A (en) | 2020-02-20 | 2020-02-20 | A grate structure of a sludge incinerator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010105930.9A CN111197757A (en) | 2020-02-20 | 2020-02-20 | A grate structure of a sludge incinerator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111197757A true CN111197757A (en) | 2020-05-26 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010105930.9A Pending CN111197757A (en) | 2020-02-20 | 2020-02-20 | A grate structure of a sludge incinerator |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111197757A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999049265A1 (en) * | 1998-03-23 | 1999-09-30 | Ansaldo Vølund A/S | Method of incinerating waste material, and incinerator for carrying out the method |
| CN203880688U (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-10-15 | 重庆大学 | Curing barn combustion chamber device with tilting double grate |
| CN207964316U (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-10-12 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华中分公司 | A kind of dry state deslagging coal-burning boiler clinker sampler |
| CN212108454U (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-12-08 | 佛山市华洁源热能与环境工程技术有限公司 | Grate structure of sludge incinerator |
-
2020
- 2020-02-20 CN CN202010105930.9A patent/CN111197757A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999049265A1 (en) * | 1998-03-23 | 1999-09-30 | Ansaldo Vølund A/S | Method of incinerating waste material, and incinerator for carrying out the method |
| CN203880688U (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-10-15 | 重庆大学 | Curing barn combustion chamber device with tilting double grate |
| CN207964316U (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-10-12 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华中分公司 | A kind of dry state deslagging coal-burning boiler clinker sampler |
| CN212108454U (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-12-08 | 佛山市华洁源热能与环境工程技术有限公司 | Grate structure of sludge incinerator |
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| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20200714 Address after: No.34-6, South Road, Yongfeng Village, phase II, Lunjiao street, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province Applicant after: Foshan huajieyuan thermal energy and Environmental Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 528300 No.4 Xiandong Road, Daliang street, Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province Applicant before: Lin Jiandong Applicant before: Guo Jianyi |
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Application publication date: 20200526 |
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