Vertical machining center four-axis hydraulic locking equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic equipment, in particular to four-axis hydraulic locking equipment for a vertical machining center.
Background
Along with the development of machining, the clamping workpiece needs to be convenient to use, accurate in clamping and positioning, time-saving, multipurpose, universal, safe and efficient in a pair of tools and the like, and the tool in machining is one of important parts in the mechanical industry.
At present, most manufacturers can select a four-axis hydraulic clamp, but the traditional hydraulic clamp generally directly adopts a positioning pin for positioning when positioning a workpiece, and after the workpiece position is determined manually, the clamp stretches out the positioning pin to be inserted into a workpiece hole to achieve the effect of fixing the workpiece position. The method has the advantages that a positioning gap is generated, the positioning precision of the workpiece is poor, manual pre-positioning is needed during operation, the fixture only completes fixing and clamping work, the labor intensity of the manual work is high, the production efficiency is low, some workpieces are adsorbed and clamped through secondary pneumatic power, the clamping work is improved, and the clamping is unstable due to air leakage when the sizes of the workpieces are different in pneumatic clamping.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a vertical machining center four-axis hydraulic locking device structurally comprises four-axis numerical control, four-axis hydraulic pressure, a lifting ring, a clamping device, a four-axis tailstock and a base, wherein the four-axis hydraulic pressure is arranged on the right side of the top end of the base, the base and the four-axis hydraulic pressure are welded through electric welding, the four-axis numerical control is arranged on the surface of the front end of the four-axis hydraulic pressure, the four-axis hydraulic pressure is electrically connected with the four-axis numerical control, the four-axis tailstock is arranged on the left side of the top end of the base and is connected with the four-axis tailstock, the four-axis tailstock is movably connected with the four-axis hydraulic pressure through the clamping device, and the lifting rings;
the clamping device comprises a workbench, a pneumatic control valve, a positioning sealing mechanism, an air pipe and a corner cylinder, wherein the pneumatic control valve is installed at the middle position of the bottom end of the workbench, the positioning sealing mechanism is arranged at the middle position of the top end of the workbench, the workbench is connected with the positioning sealing mechanism, the corner cylinders are arranged on the left side and the right side of the positioning sealing mechanism, the corner cylinders are movably connected with the workbench, and the pneumatic control valve is communicated with the positioning sealing mechanism through the air pipe.
As the further optimization of this technical scheme, location sealing mechanism constitute by positioning disk, first spring, extrusion mechanism, constant head tank, gas pocket, positioning disk top intermediate position on be equipped with the constant head tank, the constant head tank on be equipped with the gas pocket, the inside equidistance of positioning disk distribute and be equipped with four first springs, positioning disk and first spring be connected, positioning disk internally mounted have four extrusion mechanisms.
As the further optimization of the technical scheme, the extrusion mechanism consists of an installation piece, a first swing rod, an extrusion head, a bolt and a second swing rod, wherein the installation piece is installed at one end of the first swing rod and one end of the second swing rod, the extrusion head is arranged at the other end of the first swing rod and the other end of the second swing rod, the first swing rod and the second swing rod are integrated with the extrusion head, and the extrusion head is connected with the extrusion head through the bolt.
As the further optimization of this technical scheme, the four-axis tailstock constitute by organism, rotating chuck, race ring, pivot, locking mechanism, rotating chuck rear end intermediate position on be equipped with the pivot, rotating chuck and pivot fixed connection, the pivot locate inside the organism, pivot and organism pass through race ring clearance fit, the organism inside all install locking mechanism from top to bottom, locking mechanism and rotating chuck cooperate.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the surface of the back end of the rotating chuck is provided with an inner gear ring groove.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the locking mechanism is composed of an electromagnet, a second spring, an armature, a lock rod and a first slide rail, wherein the armature is arranged on the right side of the electromagnet, the electromagnet and the armature are connected through the second spring, the armature is arranged at the left end of the lock rod, the armature is fixedly connected with the lock rod, the lock rod is arranged on the first slide rail, and the lock rod is in sliding fit with the first slide rail.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the lock rod further comprises a fixed sliding plate and a buffer sheet, the buffer sheet is arranged at the right end of the lock rod, the lock rod is connected with the buffer sheet through glue, two fixed sliding plates are distributed on the surface of the lock rod at equal intervals, and the lock rod and the fixed sliding plates are welded through electric welding.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the lock rod further comprises a latch, a second slide rail and a third spring, wherein the surface of the lock rod is equidistantly provided with more than two second slide rails, the second slide rails are provided with the latch, and the second slide rails and the latch are in sliding fit through the third spring.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the lock rod is connected with the rotary chuck through the internal gear ring groove.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the armature is made of an aluminum alloy material and is not easy to damage.
As the further optimization of the technical scheme, the top end of the positioning plate is made of rubber materials, so that the flexibility is good.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the electromagnet is electrically connected with a four-axis numerical control.
Advantageous effects
The invention relates to a four-axis hydraulic locking device of a vertical machining center, which is characterized in that a workpiece is placed in a positioning groove, the workpiece is clamped through a corner cylinder, the workpiece is adsorbed and clamped through an air hole by using an air control valve, the air control valve also extracts air in the top end of a positioning disc through an air pipe, so that the top end of the positioning disc is collapsed and deformed, when the top end of the positioning disc is collapsed, the mounting plate is extruded to a first oscillating rod, so that the other ends of the first oscillating rod and a second oscillating rod are ejected outwards, and further an extrusion head is driven to extrude the top end of the positioning disc inwards, so that the positioning disc and the workpiece are closely matched with the air hole for air extraction, the clamping efficiency is improved, the shaking during the work is avoided, the four-axis hydraulic control workbench rotates, so that the workbench drives a rotary chuck to rotate and position, and when the four-axis hydraulic control workbench stops working, provide the electric energy for the electro-magnet through the four-axis numerical control, let the electro-magnet turn into electromagnetic field attraction armature with the electric energy, armature drives the locking lever and removes when receiving the attraction, it is rotatory to avoid the locking lever to influence spin chuck, after spin chuck rotation stops, the four-axis numerical control stops to provide the electric energy for the electro-magnet, when armature receives the elasticity of second spring, the locking lever drives in the latch inserts the inner tooth annular behind the spin chuck, the spin chuck carries out locking work, when the internal tooth in the inner tooth annular has a conflict with the latch, the latch passes through the third spring retraction second slide rail in, lock the inner tooth annular groove through several other latches on the locking lever surface, let spin chuck pin workstation stop rotation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the clamping device improves the clamping of the workpiece pneumatically through the positioning and sealing mechanism, and avoids unstable clamping caused by air leakage when the sizes of the workpieces are different, so that the positioning precision of the workpiece is influenced, and the workpiece is scrapped; the four-axis tailstock utilizes locking mechanism to control the rotary chuck rotary work in inserting the inner tooth annular, lets rotary chuck can control workstation positioning work, avoids producing the positioning gap, leads to the work piece positioning accuracy poor, and this design has reduced artifical intensity of labour, has improved production efficiency.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-axis hydraulic locking device of a vertical machining center.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front sectional view of a four-axis hydraulic locking device of a vertical machining center according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning and sealing mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the pressing mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 2 according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the spin chuck and the locking mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the locking lever of the present invention.
In the figure: four-axis numerical control-1, four-axis hydraulic pressure-2, a lifting ring-3, a clamping device-4, a four-axis tailstock-5, a base-6, a workbench-4 a, a pneumatic control valve-4 b, a positioning sealing mechanism-4 c, an air pipe-4 d, a corner cylinder-4 e, a positioning disc-4 c1, a first spring-4 c2, an extrusion mechanism-4 c3, a positioning groove-4 c4, an air hole-4 c5, a mounting sheet-4 c31, a first swinging rod-4 c32, an extrusion head-4 c33, a bolt-4 c34, a second swinging rod-4 c35, a machine body-5 a, a rotating chuck-5 b, a bearing ring-5 c, a rotating shaft-5 d, a locking mechanism-5 e, an internal tooth ring groove-5 b1, an electromagnet-5 e1, a second spring-5 e2, an electromagnet, The device comprises an armature-5 e3, a lock rod-5 e4, a first slide rail-5 e5, a fixed slide plate-5 e41, a buffer sheet-5 e42, a latch-g 1, a second slide rail-g 2 and a third spring-g 3.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the original characteristics, the achieved purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the following description and the accompanying drawings further illustrate the preferred embodiments of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, the invention provides a four-axis hydraulic locking device for a vertical machining center, which structurally comprises a four-axis numerical control 1, a four-axis hydraulic pressure 2, a lifting ring 3, a clamping device 4, a four-axis tailstock 5 and a base 6, wherein the right side of the top end of the base 6 is provided with the four-axis hydraulic pressure 2, the base 6 and the four-axis hydraulic pressure 2 are welded by electric welding, the front end surface of the four-axis hydraulic pressure 2 is provided with the four-axis numerical control 1, the four-axis hydraulic pressure 2 is electrically connected with the four-axis numerical control 1, the left side of the top end of the base 6 is provided with the four-axis tailstock 5, the base 6 is connected with the four-axis tailstock 5, the four-axis tailstock 5 is movably connected with the four-axis hydraulic pressure 2 through the clamping device 4;
clamping device 4 constitute by workstation 4a, gas accuse valve 4b, location sealing mechanism 4c, trachea 4d, corner jar 4e, 4a bottom intermediate position of workstation on install gas accuse valve 4b, 4a top intermediate position of workstation on be equipped with location sealing mechanism 4c, workstation 4a and location sealing mechanism 4c be connected, location sealing mechanism 4c all be equipped with corner jar 4e about both sides, corner jar 4e and workstation 4a swing joint, gas accuse valve 4b be linked together through trachea 4d with location sealing mechanism 4 c.
The positioning sealing mechanism 4c comprises a positioning disc 4c1, a first spring 4c2, an extrusion mechanism 4c3, a positioning groove 4c4 and an air hole 4c5, wherein the positioning groove 4c4 is formed in the middle of the top end of the positioning disc 4c1, the air hole 4c5 is formed in the positioning groove 4c4, the four first springs 4c2 are distributed in the positioning disc 4c1 at equal intervals, the positioning disc 4c1 is connected with the first spring 4c2, and the four extrusion mechanisms 4c3 are mounted in the positioning disc 4c 1.
The pressing mechanism 4c3 is composed of a mounting piece 4c31, a first swinging rod 4c32, a pressing head 4c33, a bolt 4c34 and a second swinging rod 4c35, the mounting piece 4c31 is mounted at one end of each of the first swinging rod 4c32 and the second swinging rod 4c35, the pressing head 4c33 is arranged at the other end of each of the first swinging rod 4c32 and the second swinging rod 4c35, the first swinging rod 4c32 and the second swinging rod 4c35 are integrated with the pressing head 4c33, and the pressing head 4c33 is connected with the pressing head 4c33 through the bolt 4c 34.
The principle of the embodiment: the workpiece is placed in the positioning groove 4c4, the workpiece is clamped through the corner cylinder 4e, the pneumatic control valve 4b is used for adsorbing and clamping the workpiece through the air hole 4c5, the pneumatic control valve 4b also extracts air in the top end of the positioning disc 4c1 through the air pipe 4d, the top end of the positioning disc 4c1 is made to collapse and deform, when the top end of the positioning disc 4c1 collapses, the mounting piece 4c31 extrudes the first swinging rod 4c32, the other ends of the first swinging rod 4c32 and the second swinging rod 4c35 are made to eject outwards, the extrusion head 4c33 is further driven to extrude the top end of the positioning disc 4c1 inwards, the positioning disc 4c1 is made to be matched with the workpiece in a sealing mode through air extraction of the air hole 4c5, clamping efficiency is improved, and shaking during working is avoided.
The method for solving the problems in the embodiment is as follows: the clamping device 4 improves the pneumatic clamping of the workpiece through the positioning and sealing mechanism 4c, and avoids the phenomenon that when the sizes of the workpieces are different, air leakage causes unstable clamping, the positioning precision of the workpiece is influenced, and the workpiece is scrapped.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1-7, the invention provides a four-axis hydraulic locking device for a vertical machining center, wherein a four-axis tailstock 5 comprises a machine body 5a, a rotating chuck 5b, a bearing ring 5c, a rotating shaft 5d and a locking mechanism 5e, the rotating shaft 5d is arranged in the middle of the rear end of the rotating chuck 5b, the rotating chuck 5b is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 5d, the rotating shaft 5d is arranged in the machine body 5a, the rotating shaft 5d and the machine body 5a are in clearance fit through the bearing ring 5c, the locking mechanisms 5e are arranged on the upper and lower sides in the machine body 5a, and the locking mechanism 5e is matched with the rotating chuck 5 b.
The back end surface of the rotating chuck 5b is provided with an internal gear ring groove 5b 1.
Locking mechanism 5e constitute by electro-magnet 5e1, second spring 5e2, armature 5e3, locking lever 5e4, first slide rail 5e5, electro-magnet 5e1 right side on be equipped with armature 5e3, electro-magnet 5e1 and armature 5e3 be connected through second spring 5e2, armature 5e3 locate on locking lever 5e4 left end, armature 5e3 and locking lever 5e4 fixed connection, locking lever 5e4 locate on first slide rail 5e5, locking lever 5e4 and first slide rail 5e5 sliding fit.
Locking lever 5e4 still include fixed slide 5e41, buffer sheet 5e42, locking lever 5e4 right-hand member on be equipped with buffer sheet 5e42, locking lever 5e4 and buffer sheet 5e42 glue connection, locking lever 5e4 on the surface equidistant distribution be equipped with two fixed slides 5e41, locking lever 5e4 and fixed slide 5e41 through the electric welding.
Locking lever 5e4 still include latch g1, second slide rail g2, third spring g3, locking lever 5e4 on the surface equidistant distribution be equipped with second slide rail g2 more than two, second slide rail g2 on be equipped with latch g1, second slide rail g2 and latch g1 pass through third spring g3 sliding fit.
Locking lever 5e4 and spin chuck 5b be connected through inner tooth ring groove 5b1, armature 5e3 adopt the aluminium alloy material preparation, it is not fragile, positioning disk 4c1 top adopt the rubber material preparation, the pliability is good, electro-magnet 5e1 be connected with four-axis numerical control 1 electricity.
The principle of the embodiment: when the four-axis hydraulic pressure 2 controls the workbench 4a to rotate, so that the workbench 4a drives the rotary chuck 5b to rotate and position, and when the four-axis hydraulic pressure 2 controls the workbench 4a to stop working, positioning is easy to shake to cause misalignment, the four-axis numerical control 1 supplies electric energy to the electromagnet 5e1, the electromagnet 5e1 converts the electric energy into an electromagnetic field to attract the armature 5e3, the armature 5e3 drives the lock rod 5e4 to move when attracted, the lock rod 5e4 is prevented from influencing the rotation of the rotary chuck 5b, after the rotation of the rotary chuck 5b stops, the four-axis numerical control 1 stops supplying electric energy to the electromagnet 5e1, when the armature 5e3 receives the elastic force of the second spring 5e2, the lock rod 5e4 drives the latch g1 to be inserted into the internal tooth ring groove 5b1 behind the rotary chuck 5b, the rotary chuck 5b is locked, and when internal teeth in the internal tooth ring groove 5b1 collide with the latch g1, the latch g1 retracts into the second slide rail 2 through the third, the inner gear ring groove 5b1 is locked by another plurality of latch teeth g1 on the surface of the lock lever 5e4, so that the rotary chuck 5b locks the worktable 4a to stop rotating.
The method for solving the problems in the embodiment is as follows: four-axis tailstock 5 utilizes locking mechanism 5e to insert control swivel chuck 5b rotary work in ring groove 5b1 in the internal tooth, lets swivel chuck 5b can control workstation 4a positioning work, avoids producing the positioning gap, leads to the work piece positioning accuracy poor, and this design has reduced artifical intensity of labour, has improved production efficiency.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles of the invention, the essential features and advantages thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but rather, is capable of numerous changes and modifications in various forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, and it is intended that the invention be limited not by the foregoing descriptions, but rather by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.