CN111136118B - A multi-station movable die base suitable for projectile-type deep hole forgings - Google Patents
A multi-station movable die base suitable for projectile-type deep hole forgings Download PDFInfo
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- CN111136118B CN111136118B CN201911354296.6A CN201911354296A CN111136118B CN 111136118 B CN111136118 B CN 111136118B CN 201911354296 A CN201911354296 A CN 201911354296A CN 111136118 B CN111136118 B CN 111136118B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/03—Making uncoated products by both direct and backward extrusion
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Abstract
本发明公开一种适用于弹体类深孔锻件的多工位可移动模座，包括凹模单元以及与所述凹模单元所配合的凸模单元；所述凸模单元包括一工位凸模与二工位凸模，所述一工位凸模与二工位凸模竖直平行间隔安装在能受驱动在上模板中水平移动的移动板上，所述凹模单元包括凹模；在所述移动板的带动下，所述一工位凸模与二工位凸模依次左右移动对至应的工位以与所述凹模配合，对放入所述凹模中的加热坯料进行二次挤压成形。本发明可以解决现有设备最大封闭高度不够的问题，可实现此类弹体挤压件的生产，适用于弹体中的有一类整体较长，内孔深径比小于3的产品，可通过两道次挤压，从而形成所需产品。
The present invention discloses a multi-station movable die base suitable for deep hole forgings of elastomers, including a die unit and a punch unit matched with the die unit; the punch unit includes a first-station punch and a second-station punch, the first-station punch and the second-station punch are vertically parallel and spaced apart and installed on a movable plate that can be driven to move horizontally in an upper mold plate, and the die unit includes a die; driven by the movable plate, the first-station punch and the second-station punch move left and right in turn to the corresponding stations to match with the die, and perform secondary extrusion forming on the heated blank placed in the die. The present invention can solve the problem of insufficient maximum closing height of existing equipment, and can realize the production of such elastomer extrusion parts, and is suitable for a type of elastomer that is overall longer and has an inner hole depth-to-diameter ratio of less than 3, and can be formed into the desired product by two-pass extrusion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of extrusion forming, in particular to a multi-station movable die holder suitable for projectile deep hole forgings.
Background
In recent years, with the increasing market demands of elastomer deep hole extrusion forgings, the demands of various manufacturers for technological transformation by using existing equipment are increasing.
The integral forging piece of one type of product in the elastomer type deep hole extrusion forging piece is longer, and the depth-to-diameter ratio of the inner hole is smaller than 3. The extrusion of the inner hole of the forging is not very difficult, but extrusion equipment generally needs nonstandard preparation, and the extrusion stroke of the equipment is prolonged. In the face of expensive equipment acquisition fees, many manufacturers lose the opportunity of transformation and upgrading because of insufficient funds and the problems that the existing equipment cannot meet the requirements and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the technical defects in the prior art, and provides a multi-station movable die holder suitable for projectile deep hole forgings, which is used for matching a fixed female die with a movable male die, wherein one female die and two male dies are arranged in the die holder, so that extrusion of two extrusion stations and three movable stations is realized.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a multi-station movable die holder for elastomeric deep hole forgings, comprising:
the die comprises a die unit and a punch unit matched with the die unit, wherein the punch unit comprises a first-station punch and a second-station punch, the first-station punch and the second-station punch are vertically arranged on a moving plate which can be driven to horizontally move in an upper die plate at intervals, the die unit comprises a die, and the first-station punch and the second-station punch sequentially move left and right to corresponding stations to be matched with the die under the driving of the moving plate so as to carry out secondary extrusion forming on a heating blank put in the die.
Preferably, a moving groove is formed in the upper template, and the moving plate is installed in the moving groove through a sliding track plate and is respectively connected with a moving plate push-pull mechanism at two sides so as to realize linear reciprocating movement in the moving groove through the sliding track plate.
Further, the male die unit comprises a positioning template, the upper end of the upper template is provided with the positioning template, the positioning template is provided with a positioning key which is driven to vertically lift, the positioning key is positioned in a positioning key hole formed in the positioning template and is matched with two positioning holes on the movable plate, so that when the movable plate moves to a station or two stations, the movable plate is downwards extended and inserted into one positioning hole to fix the movable plate in a positioning manner, and the coaxiality of an upper die and a lower die of the station to be extruded is corrected.
Preferably, the positioning key is a conical positioning key and is connected with the positioning key driving mechanism.
The male die unit and the upper die plate are positioned accurately, the female die unit and the lower die plate are positioned accurately, the upper die plate comprises a guide sleeve, the lower die plate comprises a guide pillar, and the guide pillar is matched with the guide sleeve so as to realize the guiding and positioning functions when the male die unit and the female die unit move up and down relatively.
Further, the die unit comprises a push rod driven to vertically move up and down, and the top of the push rod extends into the bottom through hole of the die, so that after the extrusion process is finished, the forged piece formed in the die is ejected out.
Further, the die unit includes a stripper mechanism installed above the die, two oppositely arranged opposing surfaces driven to move synchronously form a stripper plate defining an arc-shaped opening, the two stripper plates being moved reversely and synchronously to open to enable the extruded member to be taken out of the die during the discharging, and the two stripper plates being moved relatively to close the opening therebetween during the extruding to enable the blank or the work to be confined in the die and not to be taken out.
Wherein, the stripper of shedding mechanism passes through link mechanism and is connected with shedding actuating mechanism.
The invention can solve the problem of insufficient maximum sealing height of the prior equipment, can realize the production of the elastomer extrusion piece, is suitable for products with longer overall length and inner hole depth-diameter ratio of less than 3 in the elastomer, and can form the required products by two-pass extrusion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-station movable die holder suitable for elastomeric deep hole forgings;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the mobile plate assembled with the upper template;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a one-station press;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a two-station press;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the pick and place station;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a discharge mechanism;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the discharge mechanism;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the discharge mechanism in a top view;
FIGS. 9-11 are control schematic diagrams of the inductive switch;
In the figure:
1. Lower die plate 2, ejector pin 3, female die 4, second station male die 5, first station male die 6, moving plate 7, upper die plate 8, positioning die plate 9, positioning key drive mechanism 10, positioning key 11, guide sleeve 12, guide post 13, discharge mechanism 14, discharge drive mechanism 15, first moving plate push-pull mechanism 16, second moving plate push-pull mechanism 17, sliding track plate 18, hydraulic cylinder sleeve 19, inductive switch 20, signal rod 21, first connecting rod 22, second connecting rod 23, third connecting rod 24, discharge press plate 25, discharge plate A1, first station positioning surface A2, second station positioning surface.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The multi-station movable die holder suitable for the elastomer deep hole forgings comprises a die unit and a die unit matched with the die unit, wherein the die unit comprises a first-station die 5 and a second-station die 4, the first-station die and the second-station die are vertically and parallelly arranged on a movable plate 6 which can be driven to horizontally move in an upper die plate 7 at intervals, the die unit comprises a fixed die 3 fixed on a lower die plate 1, and the first-station die 5 and the second-station die 4 sequentially move corresponding stations left and right to be matched with the die 3 under the driving of the movable plate 6 so as to carry out secondary extrusion forming on heated blanks placed in the die.
Specifically, the two male dies on the moving plate 6 and the moving plate 6 are positioned and fixed in a shaft hole mode, so that the stability of connection is ensured.
As a preferable technical scheme, in order to realize the linear movement of the moving plate in the upper die plate so as to drive the first-station male die and the second-station male die to move to corresponding stations, a moving groove is formed in the upper die plate, the moving plate 6 is installed in the moving groove through a sliding track plate 17, and is respectively connected with a first moving plate push-pull mechanism 15 and a second moving plate push-pull mechanism 16 at two sides so as to realize the linear reciprocating movement in the moving groove through the sliding track plate.
Specifically, the sliding track plate is installed in the moving groove of the upper template to bear the moving plate and serve as a track for moving the moving plate, and the moving plate push-pull mechanism is preferably a moving plate push-pull cylinder, although other linear driving mechanisms can be adopted for realizing the sliding track plate push-pull mechanism.
The multi-station movable die holder suitable for the projectile deep hole forgings realizes the action circulation of two extrusion stations and three movable stations through mutual cooperation. The three moving stations are respectively a one-station extrusion station, a two-station extrusion station and a picking and placing station, as shown in fig. 3-5, wherein the moving plate 6 is guided by a sliding guide rail plate 17 when moving left and right, and is driven to slide between the three moving stations respectively.
Specifically, the male die unit includes the location template, the upper end of cope match-plate pattern is installed the location template, further, in order to realize the location locking behind the movable plate in place at corresponding station, the location template on install the location key 10 that receives the perpendicular lift of drive through the location key hole position that forms, with two locating holes cooperation on the movable plate, in order to when the movable plate moves to a station or two stations, insert in order to make the movable plate location fixed in order to correct the axiality of waiting to extrude station upper and lower mould.
By providing the positioning key 10, the mechanical positioning of the three mobile stations is achieved. When the moving plate 6 moves horizontally, the positioning key 10 is hidden in the positioning template 8, and when the moving plate 6 moves to a one-station extrusion station and a two-station extrusion station, the positioning key 10 is pushed by a driving mechanism to enter corresponding key grooves of the moving plate 6, so that the effects of correcting the middle positions of two male dies and positioning the extrusion station and reducing the coaxiality of upper and lower dies caused by sliding gaps of all parts are reduced.
Of course, in order to further enhance the action control positioning, an induction signal positioning component can be further arranged for positioning the picking and placing station of the intermediate workpiece, and the position of the moving plate push-pull mechanism is sensed through the induction signal positioning component to control the moving plate push-pull mechanism to move so as to control the positioning of the picking and placing station.
Preferably, the positioning key is a conical positioning key and is connected with a positioning key driving mechanism, and the positioning key driving mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder or other linear driving mechanisms.
The male die unit and the upper die plate are positioned accurately, the female die unit and the lower die plate are positioned accurately, the upper die plate comprises a guide sleeve, the lower die plate comprises a guide pillar, and the guide pillar is matched with the guide sleeve so as to realize guiding and positioning functions when the male die unit and the female die unit move up and down relatively. .
Further, the die unit comprises a push rod 2 driven to vertically move up and down, and the top of the push rod extends into the bottom through hole of the die 3, so that after the extrusion process is finished, the forged piece formed in the die 3 is ejected out. Specifically, the ejector rod 2 is connected with a linear driving mechanism, such as an ejection cylinder or a cylinder and other parts or mechanisms and the like.
In the invention, for facilitating unloading, the die unit further comprises an unloading mechanism 13, which is arranged above the die 3, the unloading mechanism comprises two oppositely arranged unloading plates 23 with opposite surface symmetrical arc-shaped openings, which are driven to synchronously move, as shown in fig. 6-8, the unloading mechanism comprises an unloading pressing plate 24 and an unloading plate 25, the connecting rod mechanism, the unloading driving mechanism and a signal detection component, the connecting rod mechanism comprises a first connecting rod 21, a second connecting rod 22 and a third connecting rod 23, the first connecting rod 21 is connected with a signal rod 20 and hinged with the second connecting rod 22, the second connecting rod 22 is hinged with the third connecting rod 23, the third connecting rod 23 is hinged with the unloading plate 25, the signal rod is arranged on a hydraulic cylinder sleeve 18 and connected with the unloading driving mechanism 14 (a hydraulic cylinder), and the end surface of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve is provided with the signal detection component 19 (an inductive switch). And the discharging driving mechanism is fixed on the lower die plate. The signal detecting part 19 is divided into an upper detecting switch a1 and a lower detecting switch a2, and the action signal is provided by the annular groove on the signal rod 19. As shown in fig. 9-11, when the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is ejected, the signal rod 19 is ejected at the same time, the annular groove on the signal rod 19 moves upwards, the probe of the inductive switch a1 is compressed, which indicates that the stripper plate is closed, the detection switch a1 is opened, and the hydraulic cylinder stops acting. As shown in fig. 9-11, when the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is retracted, the signal rod 19 is simultaneously retracted, the annular groove on the signal rod 19 moves downward, the probe of the inductive switch a2 is compressed, indicating that the stripper plate has been opened to the designated position, the inductive switch a2 is opened, and the hydraulic cylinder is stopped.
Wherein, the surface of the discharge pressing plate forms a through hole, and the function of the discharge pressing plate is to be matched with the male die to separate from the forging piece in the extrusion process. The connecting rod mechanism has the functions of pushing and pulling the stripper plate, increasing the distance between the hydraulic cylinder and the high-temperature extrusion area and realizing the purpose of protecting the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder sleeve has the functions of protecting the hydraulic cylinder, heat insulation of the hydraulic cylinder, guiding of an oil cylinder rod and the like. The signal detection part has the function of ensuring that when the opening and closing of the stripper plate reach the designated position, the hydraulic cylinder is decompressed in time, and other parts are prevented from being damaged.
The stripper plate is opened to the position of the stripper plate a1 in fig. 9-11, the blank is placed into the female die 3, the stripper plate is closed to the position of the inductive switch a2 in fig. 9-11, after the male die finishes the extrusion of the forge piece downwards, the male die is lifted, and the extrusion piece is blocked by the stripper plate. The punch is lifted smoothly and the extrusion is prevented from being in the die. The stripper plate is opened as in the position of the inductive switch a1 in fig. 9-11, the ejector rod ejects the extrusion piece out of the female die, and then the extrusion piece is taken out.
Assuming that the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is not ejected to be at the initial position, the stripper plate is in an open state, as shown in the position of the inductive switch a1 in fig. 11. At this time, the blank can freely enter and exit the female die. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is ejected out to push the signal rod 19, the signal rod 19 pushes the first connecting rod, and the first connecting rod pushes the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod. One end of the second connecting rod is fixed on the discharging pressing plate, and the end can only rotate and can not move, so that the third connecting rod is pushed to move under the combined action of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, and the third connecting rod pushes the discharging plate to move towards the closing direction.
The hydraulic cylinders on the left side and the right side act simultaneously, and the two discharging plates are closed. At this time, the male die can freely go in and out, and the blank is limited in the female die. The unloading press plate is fixed, and the unloading plate and the unloading press plate bear drawing force together during unloading. When the stripper plate finishes the unloading action, the stripper plate needs to be opened, and the extrusion piece is taken out.
The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is retracted, the signal rod 19 is pulled, the signal rod 19 pulls the first connecting rod, and the first connecting rod pulls the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod. And the third connecting rod is pulled to move under the combined action of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, and the third connecting rod moves the stripper plate to the opening direction. The hydraulic cylinders on the left side and the right side act simultaneously, the two discharging plates are opened, and the outer sides of the discharging pressing plates limit the opening positions. The blank and extrusion can now freely enter and exit the die.
The unloading mechanism can be matched with the extrusion process to finish the separation of the extrusion male die and the extrusion piece. The automatic opening and closing unloading mechanism realizes the opening and closing of the unloading plate through the connecting rod, and simultaneously, the hydraulic cylinder is far away from a high-temperature extrusion environment, so that the aim of unloading is fulfilled, and the hydraulic cylinder can be protected. The mechanical and electric signal matching mode is used, the opening and closing positions of the stripper plates and the starting and stopping of the action of the hydraulic cylinder are doubly controlled, and the stability of the unloading mechanism is effectively controlled.
The two stripper plates are moved in opposite directions and synchronously open during the unloading process so that the extrusion molding piece can be taken out from the female die, and the two stripper plates are moved relatively and closed during the extrusion process so that the opening between the two stripper plates is reduced, so that a blank or a workpiece is limited in the female die and cannot be taken out, and at the moment, two corresponding male dies can enter and exit.
In the invention, the unloading driving mechanism is arranged on the lower die plate 1, the position relationship between the upper die plate 7 of the lower die plate 1 and the positioning die plate 8 is ensured by the guide sleeve 11 and the guide post 12, and the single side of the gap between the guide post and the guide sleeve is about 0.2mm.
In the invention, the female die has a double-layer inner and outer sleeve structure, and the middle part of the female die is provided with the heating pipe which can preheat blanks, so that the processing is convenient, and the influence of cold change on the processing is prevented.
The working flow is as follows:
The initial position of the die is that the upper die plate, the positioning die plate and the two male dies are at the top dead center position of the device, the two male dies are respectively arranged at the two sides of the female die, the middle position is a taking and placing working position, the positioning key is arranged in the moving plate, the discharging mechanism is opened, and the ejector rod is retracted. The ingot was heated to 1180±20 ℃ and after tapping, the scale was first removed. And placing the blank into the female die, and closing the discharging mechanism. The pushing plate moves to the joint positioning surface A1 to reach an extrusion station, namely, a station male die and a female die are positioned at the position coaxial with the central line, then the middle positioning key is jacked into a key slot of the positioning template, the central positions of the two male dies on the moving plate are corrected, the discharging mechanism is closed, then the male dies move downwards, and a station forging is extruded and formed. After the extrusion is completed, the male die is lifted, and the positioning key is reset. And (3) moving the moving plate to the position of the positioning surface A2 to reach the two extrusion stations, pushing the positioning key into a key groove of the positioning template, correcting the middle position of the male die, descending the male die, and extruding to form the two-station forging. After the extrusion is completed, the male die is lifted. The cone positioning key is reset, and the discharging mechanism is opened. The moving plate moves the male die to a picking and placing working position, the ejection cylinder ejects the extrusion piece in the female die, the two-station forging piece is picked up by a manual or mechanical arm, and the ejector rod retreats.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The multi-station movable die holder suitable for the projectile body type deep hole forgings is characterized by comprising a female die unit and a male die unit matched with the female die unit, wherein the male die unit comprises a first-station male die and a second-station male die which are vertically and parallelly arranged on a movable plate capable of being driven to horizontally move in an upper die plate at intervals, and the female die unit comprises a female die;
The male die unit comprises a positioning template, the upper end of the upper template is provided with a positioning key which is driven to vertically lift, the positioning key is positioned in a positioning key hole formed on the positioning template and is matched with two positioning holes on the moving plate, and when the moving plate moves to a station or two stations, the male die unit downwards extends and is inserted into one positioning hole to fix the moving plate in a positioning way so as to correct the coaxiality of an upper die and a lower die of the station to be extruded;
The die unit comprises a discharging mechanism, two discharging plates which are driven to synchronously move and oppositely arranged to form a symmetrical arc-shaped opening are arranged above the die, the two discharging plates synchronously move reversely to open during discharging so that an extruded part can be taken out of the die, and the two discharging plates relatively move to close during extrusion so that an opening between the two discharging plates is reduced, and a blank or a workpiece is limited in the die and cannot be taken out;
The discharging plate of the discharging mechanism is connected with the discharging driving mechanism through a connecting rod mechanism, the connecting rod mechanism comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod, the first connecting rod is connected with a signal rod and hinged with the second connecting rod, the second connecting rod is hinged with the third connecting rod, the third connecting rod is hinged with the discharging plate, the signal rod is arranged in a hydraulic cylinder sleeve and connected with the discharging driving mechanism, and a signal detection part is arranged on the end face of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve.
2. The multi-station movable die holder for the projectile deep hole forgings according to claim 1, wherein a movable groove is formed in the upper die plate, and the movable plate is installed in the movable groove through a sliding track plate and is respectively connected with a movable plate push-pull mechanism at two sides so as to realize linear reciprocating movement in the movable groove through the sliding track plate.
3. The multi-station movable die holder for the projectile deep hole forgings according to claim 1, wherein the positioning key is a conical positioning key and is connected with a positioning key driving mechanism.
4. The multi-station movable die holder suitable for the projectile deep hole forge pieces according to claim 1, wherein the male die unit and the upper die plate are precisely positioned, the female die unit and the lower die plate are precisely positioned, the upper die plate comprises a guide sleeve, the lower die plate comprises a guide pillar, and the guide pillar is matched with the guide sleeve so as to realize the guiding and positioning functions when the male die unit and the female die unit relatively move up and down.
5. The multi-station movable die holder for deep hole forgings of the elastomer type according to claim 1, wherein the die unit comprises a push rod driven to vertically move up and down, and the top of the push rod extends into a bottom through hole of the die to eject the forgings formed in the die after the extrusion process is completed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911354296.6A CN111136118B (en) | 2019-12-25 | 2019-12-25 | A multi-station movable die base suitable for projectile-type deep hole forgings |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911354296.6A CN111136118B (en) | 2019-12-25 | 2019-12-25 | A multi-station movable die base suitable for projectile-type deep hole forgings |
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| CN111136118A CN111136118A (en) | 2020-05-12 |
| CN111136118B true CN111136118B (en) | 2025-03-28 |
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| CN111822538B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2025-06-27 | 中国机械总院集团北京机电研究所有限公司 | A mobile extrusion die frame |
| CN114918352A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-19 | 青海中钛青锻装备制造有限公司 | Process device and process method for extruding blind hole pipe |
| CN115921565B (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2025-08-19 | 江苏隆达超合金股份有限公司 | Perforating needle for hot extrusion of copper and copper alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN104826972A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-08-12 | 上海交通大学 | Continuous upsetting and forging die for I-shaped joints and forming process thereof |
| CN111136117A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-12 | 北京机电研究所有限公司 | Multi-station die holder suitable for projectile deep hole forging |
| CN211803141U (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-10-30 | 北京机电研究所有限公司 | Multi-station movable die holder suitable for projectile deep hole forging |
| CN212093768U (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-12-08 | 北京机电研究所有限公司 | A multi-station die base suitable for projectile deep-hole forgings |
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| CN111136118A (en) | 2020-05-12 |
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