CN111134696A

CN111134696A - A method and system for measuring air pollution physiological indicators based on pressure recovery

Info

Publication number: CN111134696A
Application number: CN202010064056.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 毕军; 刘苗苗; 马宗伟; 高琪; 杨建勋
Original assignee: Nanjing University
Current assignee: Nanjing University
Priority date: 2020-01-20
Filing date: 2020-01-20
Publication date: 2020-05-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and system for measuring air pollution physiological indexes based on pressure recovery, belonging to the field of air pollution identification and management. Aiming at the problem of lack of objective characterization methods for the impact of air pollution on mental health, the present invention provides a method and system for measuring physiological indicators of air pollution based on stress recovery. Data, the stress recovery state simultaneously uses atmospheric pollution picture stimulation, combined with stress-induced-recovery paradigm and physiological signal measurement to quantitatively characterize the mental health impact of air pollution in people, under experimental conditions excluding external factors interference, for different groups of people Differentiated stress induction methods are adopted, and experimental data are collected to objectively reflect the level of stress recovery under different pollution conditions, so as to achieve an objective representation of the impact on the mental health of air-polluted people.

Description

Atmospheric pollution physiological index measuring method and system based on pressure recovery

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of atmospheric pollution identification and management, and relates to a method and a system for measuring physiological indexes of atmospheric pollution based on pressure recovery.

Background

With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, the atmospheric pollution in China is more and more severe, and large-range and high-concentration fine Particulate matters (Particulate Matter 2.5, PM) in the atmosphere_2.5) Is one of the main characteristics of regional atmosphere composite pollution, PM_2.5Has become the primary pollutant affecting the air quality of most cities in China. Serious air pollution constitutes a great risk to the physical and psychological health of the human body. 2010, PM_2.5Is a substantial death risk factor in china at 4 th, resulting in about 123 million premature deaths, a number that drops slightly in 2015 but is still as high as 111 million people. In addition to this, prolonged exposure to PM_2.5In a polluted environment, environmental pressure caused by the obvious reduction of atmospheric visibility and frequent heavy haze events can act on the autonomic nervous system and the brain of a person, so that the person can generate bad emotions such as dysphoria and depression, and the psychological health is seriously damaged.

Due to mental health being difficult to define and quantify exactly, and PM_2.5The correlation between pollution and mental health is influenced by factors such as individual age, sex, health state, development degree of the area, cultural background, environmental risk background value and the like, and the research difficulty is high; in addition to this, in PM_2.5The correlation between atmospheric pollution and mental health among people in developed countries and regions with low concentration levels is not necessarily applicable to China. The research is still in a starting stage at home, and domestic scholars conduct preliminary exploration on the basis of referring to the study thinking at home and abroad, but the prior research mostly adopts epidemiological methods to construct potential correlation between atmospheric pollution and psychological diseases (depression, suicide tendency and the like), or measures the change of the psychological health of people through subjective self-evaluation reports, and the methods are difficult to avoid the influence of a main test effect, a masking effect or crowd bias, and the uncertainty of the research result is large. At present, the existing research is not enough to support the psychological health influence assessment and risk management decision of air pollution in China, and a more objective and effective method for representing the psychological health influence of air pollution is urgently needed.

In recent years, the rapid development of physiological and psychological experimental technology provides a new idea for measuring the influence of atmospheric pollution on the psychological health of people. Compared with a self-evaluation method, the physiological indexes fluctuating along with the psychological change are not easily influenced by subjective factors, and objective representation of the influence on the psychological health of air pollution can be realized through measurement of the physiological indexes. Meanwhile, the stress induction-recovery paradigm in psychophysiological studies has been widely used in studies exploring the health impact of people in greenbelts and natural landscapes.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the problem of lack of an objective characterization method for the psychological health influence of atmospheric pollution, the invention provides an atmospheric pollution physiological index measurement method and system based on induction ij recovery, the method for quantitatively characterizing the psychological health influence of atmospheric pollution crowds by combining a pressure induction-recovery paradigm and physiological signal measurement breaks through the limitation of research means such as traditional epidemiology and questionnaire investigation, a differential pressure induction method is allowed to be adopted for different crowds under the experimental condition of eliminating the interference of external factors, the collected experimental data objectively reflects the pressure recovery level under different pollution conditions, and the objective characterization of the psychological health influence on the atmospheric pollution crowds is realized.

2. Technical scheme

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

A method for measuring physiological indexes of atmospheric pollution based on pressure recovery comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: initializing an experimental environment and measurement data, and acquiring pressure level data of a sitting rest by a data acquisition unit;

step two: carrying out pressure induction on the volunteer through a pressure induction task, and acquiring data of a pressure induction process by a data acquisition unit; the pressure inducing task is realized through testing;

step three: observing an atmospheric pollution picture while recovering the pressure, and acquiring pressure level data during pressure recovery by a data acquisition unit;

step four: calculating the percentage of pressure recovery SRP according to the data collected by the data collecting unit, calculating the percentage of pressure recovery SRP according to the pressure level data during resting, pressure induction and pressure recovery,

wherein SL_baseline,i、SL_induced,iAnd SL_recovery,iRespectively, representing the stress level measured with the physiological index i during the resting, stress inducing and stress restoring steps.

Further, the stress-inducing task includes a logic test for inducing stress by an arithmetic or reaction force test and a lecture task for inducing stress by a lecture in different languages; and receiving feedback in real time during the pressure-inducing task. The invention comprehensively utilizes visual and auditory stimuli to create a nervous atmosphere by simulating task scenes with pertinence and challenge so as to achieve the aim of pressure induction.

Furthermore, the pressure induction task makes a differentiated standard pressure induction task according to different people, uses a Mandarin test and a STROOP reaction force test for people with the subject and the study, and uses an English oral language level test and a mathematic oral calculation test for people with the subject and the study.

Furthermore, the atmospheric pollution picture is based on different PM of fixed places_2.5And selecting the concentration, and carrying out standardization processing after the picture is selected. The screening of the atmospheric pollution pictures is matched with the concentration, and a certain number of pictures are screened in a standardized way to cover different atmospheric pollution conditions. The selected air pollution pictures are subjected to standardized processing, the sizes of the pictures are uniformly set, information such as logo, watermark and date in the pictures, which is irrelevant to the air quality transmitted by the pictures, is removed, and the chromaticity and the brightness of the pictures are uniformly adjusted into automatic contrast and automatic color.

Furthermore, the atmospheric pollution picture is randomly presented in the pressure recovery state.

Furthermore, the data acquisition unit acquires data including skin electric signals and electrocardio signals.

Furthermore, the recorded bioelectrical and electrocardiac signals are preprocessed and analyzed with R language statistics, the skin electrical Signal (SCL) reflects the average pressure level over a certain time, for measuring the instantaneous pressure level; the raw electrocardiographic data is converted into heart rate and three heart rate variability indexes for reflecting activities of parasympathetic nerves and sympathetic nerves.

An atmospheric pollution psychological index measuring system based on pressure recovery uses the atmospheric pollution physiological index measuring method based on pressure recovery.

Furthermore, the device comprises a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit and a data recovery unit, wherein the data acquisition unit acquires data in an experiment and sends the data to the data processing unit for processing, and the data processing unit sends a result after analysis and processing to the data display unit for displaying.

Further, the data acquisition unit acquires data including a static rest state, a stress-induced state, and a stress-recovered state, the stress-recovered state being simultaneously stimulated using the atmospheric pollution picture.

The system measures data, and takes the pressure level in a resting state as a base line, the data index rises in a pressure induction stage, and the data index gradually falls in a pressure recovery stage. Following the atmospheric PM in the picture_2.5The pressure relief speed of the volunteer becomes slow due to the increase of the concentration, and the pressure recovery degree becomes low in three minutes.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the invention provides a quantitative characterization method for psychological health influence of atmospheric pollution by applying a physiological and psychological experiment paradigm and adopting a non-invasive physiological signal measurement means, and compared with the traditional and widely applied epidemiology and questionnaire investigation and research methods, the quantitative characterization method has the advantages of objective quantification, cost saving, avoidance of interference of external factors, capability of determining exposure dose-reaction relationship and the like, and provides a new thought and framework for exploring the psychological health influence of population suffering from atmospheric pollution. The measurement means and the research paradigm provide potential possibility for objectively and quantitatively representing the psychological health influence of the atmospheric pollution, and the development of the method has important significance for accurately evaluating the health effect of the atmospheric pollution and guiding decision making.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the method of measuring pressure buildup according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the program interaction of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 2, the system of this embodiment includes a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit, and a data recovery unit, wherein the data acquisition unit acquires data in an experiment and sends the data to the data processing unit for processing, and the data processing unit sends a result after analysis and processing to the data display unit for displaying.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a pressure recovery measurement method in this embodiment, and the measurement implementation method is as follows:

the method comprises the following steps: initializing experimental environment and measurement data, and acquiring data of sitting and resting by a data acquisition unit

Volunteers entered the laboratory, sat in front of a computer, and were familiar with the surrounding environment. The experimenter briefly introduces the task content to the volunteers, who read and sign informed consent. The experimenter assisted the volunteer to connect the multi-channel physiological recorder BIOPACMP150 and put on the earphone. After the experimental device is worn, the experimenter firstly opens Acqknowledge 4.0 to record Skin conductance level (SLC) and Electrocardiogram (ECG) data, and then starts an E-prime program. Volunteers were instructed to sit still in the seat and relax for three minutes according to the program.

Step two: pressure induction is carried out on the volunteers through a pressure induction task, and a data acquisition unit acquires data of a pressure induction process

The stress-inducing tasks of different people in this step are different. And the experimental volunteers complete corresponding tasks according to the program prompt and requirements. By integrating and modifying common psychological stress-inducing tasks such as public speeches, cognitive response tasks and the like, the invention creates a targeted and challenging task scene, comprehensively utilizes visual and auditory stimuli, creates a nervous atmosphere and achieves the aim of stress induction.

Due to the fact that knowledge backgrounds, living habits, psychological states and the like of people in different ages, school calendars and regions are different, the differential pressure induction method is developed for different people, and multiple experiments prove that the differential pressure induction method has good and consistent pressure induction effects.

The specific pressure induction method is as follows:

for students, adults or people with a dialect that is lower than the subject's calendar: (1) mandarin test-read the Chinese words aloud with Mandarin, and perform the lecture of the selected questions, the content is selected from the true questions of the Mandarin level test (PSC), and the volunteers are informed to record the whole course and be scored by the expert during the experiment. For regional populations with low school calendars and predominantly dialects, mandarin speech is considered a challenging and stress-stimulating speech activity; (2) STROOP reaction force test-the fast and accurate recognition of the font color (font color is different from the meaning) of the Chinese characters representing the color, and accompanied with the instant correct and wrong feedback of the voice and character forms, the task is one of the recognized common pressure-induced cognitive reaction tasks;

aiming at students and adults who own the subject and the school calendar: (1) english spoken Language level Test-time-limited English self-introduction and listening question and answer, The question is selected from The Tofu (The Test of English as a Foreign Language, TOEFL) spoken Language question bank, and research shows that English speech is an activity capable of exciting pressure; (2) trier Social Stress Test (Trier Social Stress Test) mathematical oral Test-the answer to continuously subtract 13 from 1022 is quickly calculated and restarted if an error occurs in the process, which is one of the well-recognized common Stress-induced cognitive response tasks.

The pressure-induced task is programmed through E-prime 3.0, an interactive interface is formed and displayed in a screen, and the whole process of the stage is recorded and lasts for about 15 minutes.

Step three: the atmospheric pollution picture is observed while the pressure is recovered, and the data acquisition unit acquires data during the pressure recovery

After the pressure induction task in the second step is completed, the volunteer is required to relax facing to the computer display screen, and a group of PM is shown in the display screen_2.5Pictures of atmospheric pollution of similar concentrations. PM corresponding to air pollution pictures watched by different volunteers in the step_2.5The concentrations were different.

According to the requirements of physiological and psychological experiments, PM is selected_2.5The concentration is used as the representation of atmospheric pollution, an atmospheric pollution picture system is constructed, and the atmospheric pollution picture system is used as a stimulation material in a pressure slow release stage.

Screening and concentration matching of the atmospheric pollution picture: fixed-place and long-term tracking shot and updated different PMs recorded from AMOS (active of Man out services) database and uploaded to database from Shanghai environment monitoring center at regular time_2.5In urban perspective pictures under concentration and pictures which are continuously taken at fixed places every day on social media (the use is agreed by owners of the pictures), a certain number of pictures are screened in a standardized way, and different atmospheric pollution conditions are covered. Then matching the real-time PM of the nearest air quality monitoring station to the place according to the shooting place and time of the pictures from different sources_2.5The concentration is the PM represented by this photograph_2.5And (4) concentration.

The selected atmospheric pollution pictures were standardized and the photo size was set to 1200 × 800 pixels (cross screen) using Photoshop software. Meanwhile, information such as logo, watermark and date in the photo, which is irrelevant to the air quality transmitted by the photo, is removed. The chromaticity and brightness of the photograph are uniformly adjusted to "automatic contrast" and "automatic color". The pictures are programmed and debugged by using E-prime 3.0 software, standardized pictures are imported into the software, and the pictures are set to be randomly presented.

Step four: calculating pressure recovery index according to data collected by data collection unit

The whole recorded skin electrical and electrocardiographic signals were pre-processed using acqknowledgege 4.0 and Kubios and statistically analyzed in R language. The electrical skin Signal (SCL) reflects the average pressure level over a certain time, which is used to measure the instantaneous pressure level. When data is processed, firstly, the sampling rate is reduced from 1000Hz to 50Hz by utilizing Acqknowledge 4.0 software, the data volume is reduced, and the data processing speed is accelerated. And then, sectional averaging is carried out, and data are subjected to smoothing processing, so that the signal change in the pressure relieving process is conveniently identified. After the pretreatment is finished, the average values of the skin electric signals before pressure induction, after pressure induction and after pressure recovery for 30 seconds are taken as the skin electrophysiological pressure indexes of different stages. Electrocardiographic (EEG) is processed primarily using Kubios software, where raw electrocardiographic data is converted into Heart Rate (HR) and three Heart Rate Variability (HRV) indicators, including two time domain indicators (RMSSD, pNN50) and one frequency domain indicator (LF/HF), for reflecting parasympathetic and sympathetic activity, respectively. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a phenomenon that sinus heart rate changes periodically within a certain time, reflects the activity of an autonomic nervous system and quantitatively evaluates the tension and the balance of sympathetic nerves and vagus nerves of the heart, thereby judging the condition and prevention of cardiovascular diseases, and being a valuable index for predicting sudden cardiac death and arrhythmic events; the standard measurement for HRV analysis consists of time domain indices, geometric methods and frequency domain components. RMSSD refers to the root mean square of the sum of the squares of adjacent NN interval differences, pnn50 refers to the proportion of adjacent NN interval differences above a 50 millisecond interval; RMSSD and pNN50 are based on the most common parameters of interval differences. These measurements correspond to short-term HRV changes, independent of diurnal changes, which reflect changes in autonomic tone (mostly mediated by the vagus nerve). Compared with pNN50, RMSS is more stable and should be used clinically preferentially. And taking the mean values of the electrocardiosignals before pressure induction, after pressure induction and after pressure recovery for 3 minutes respectively as physiological pressure indexes in different stages.

Percent Stress Recovery Percentage (SRP) is calculated according to equation (1), where SL_baseline,i、SL_induced,iAnd SL_recovery,iRespectively, representing the stress level measured with the physiological index i during the resting, stress inducing and stress restoring steps. Then watch different PM_2.5Analysis of variance of each index of volunteers of concentration picturesTo characterize different PMs_2.5Effect of the concentration picture on the level and speed of pressure recovery.

In the experiment of the embodiment, the volunteer sits in front of the computer and is connected with the skin electricity and the electrocardiosignal recorder. The data acquisition unit acquires the stress level of the volunteer, including data during resting, stress induction and stress recovery. As shown in fig. 1, the data index increases in the pressure induction phase and gradually decreases in the pressure recovery phase with the pressure level at rest as a baseline. Following the atmospheric PM in the picture_2.5The pressure relief speed of the volunteer becomes slow due to the increase of the concentration, and the pressure recovery degree becomes low in three minutes.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an E-prime program used in the method, in which the whole process is controlled by the program, instructions, tasks and pictures are sequentially displayed in the program, the volunteer completes the whole task according to prompts in a screen, the volunteer firstly keeps relaxing and resting for two minutes, and at this time, the data acquisition unit acquires physiological indexes in corresponding states; after the rest time is finished, confirming the test start according to the state of the testee, wherein the pressure induction task comprises a logic test and a speech task, the logic test induces pressure through an arithmetic or reaction force test, and the speech task induces pressure through speeches of different languages; and receiving feedback in real time during the pressure-inducing task. The method comprises the steps that pressure of a subject is stimulated according to different types of pressure inducing tasks, and at the moment, a data acquisition unit simultaneously acquires physiological indexes in corresponding states; and (4) ending the pressure induction task, playing an atmospheric pollution photo, acquiring the physiological indexes in the corresponding state again by the data acquisition unit at the moment, and finally prompting the test to end by the program.

This example recruits 96 volunteers of researchers at the university of Nanjing to perform the experiment. Volunteers individually entered a quiet and comfortable laboratory, sat in front of a computer, read and sign informed consent. The experimenter briefly introduces the task content, then assists the volunteer to wear the physiological signal acquisition device BIOPAC MP150, and starts recording. The volunteer is according toThe program prompts first rest for three minutes sitting still and then use the keyboard to complete the corresponding stress-inducing task. All volunteers were randomly assigned to six groups and individually watched PM during the stress recovery phase_2.5The concentration is 10 mug/m³、30μg/m³、50μg/m³、100μg/m³、160μg/m³And 260. mu.g/m³The landscape picture. The experimenter supervises the status of the volunteers throughout the course. After the experiment is finished, the experimenter uses the data processing unit to preprocess the physiological signal data and carries out statistical analysis.

The data display unit automatically processes data according to the method, calculates self-evaluation, skin points and electrocardio pressure recovery indexes, and displays experimental results. As a result, it was found that volunteers who viewed clean city landscape photographs recovered stress indicators faster than those who viewed low visibility city landscape photographs. Wherein the low concentration is 10 μ g/m³、30μg/m³、50μg/m³The recovery effect reaches 60 to 70 percent, and the high concentration group is 100 mu g/m³、160μg/m³And 260. mu.g/m³The recovery effect is poor and only reaches about 20 to 30 percent. The results show that PM_2.5The visual impact of contamination can compromise mental health by impeding stress recovery. The method can objectively and effectively represent the influence of atmospheric pollution on mental health. Compared with the traditional questionnaire self-evaluation mode, the system provided by the invention has the advantages that the physiological indexes are not influenced by subjective factors, the measurement is accurate, and the system is widely applied to the research of atmospheric pollution and psychological health in physiological psychology.

The invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The representation in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the invention, the actual construction is not limited thereto, and any reference signs in the claims shall not limit the claims concerned. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art receives the teachings of the present invention, without inventive design, a similar structure and an embodiment to the above technical solution should be covered by the protection scope of the present patent. Furthermore, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. Several of the elements recited in the product claims may also be implemented by one element in software or hardware. The terms first, second, etc. are used to denote names, but not any particular order.

Claims

1. a kind of air pollution physiological index measurement method based on pressure recovery, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

Step 1: The experimental environment and measurement data are initialized, and the data acquisition unit collects the pressure level data during sitting and resting;

Step 2: The volunteers are subjected to stress induction through the stress induction task, and the data acquisition unit collects the data of the stress induction process; the stress induction task is realized through testing;

Step 3: Observe the air pollution pictures while the pressure is recovering, and the data acquisition unit collects the pressure level data when the pressure recovers;

Step 4: Calculate the pressure recovery percentage SRP according to the data collected by the data acquisition unit, and the pressure recovery percentage SRP is calculated according to the pressure level data during sedative rest, pressure induction and pressure recovery,

Among them, SL _baseline,i , SL _induced,i and SL _recovery,i represent the stress level measured by the physiological index i during the sedative rest, stress induction and stress recovery steps, respectively.

2. a kind of air pollution physiological index measurement method based on pressure recovery according to claim 1, is characterized in that, stress induces task comprises logic test and speech task, logic test induces pressure by arithmetic or reaction force test, speech task passes Speech-induced stress in different languages; real-time feedback during stress-induced tasks.

3. A method for measuring air pollution physiological indicators based on pressure recovery according to claim 2, wherein the stress-inducing task formulates differentiated standard stress-inducing tasks according to different groups of people, and tests in Mandarin Chinese are used for people with a bachelor's degree or below. And the STROOP response test, the oral English proficiency test and the math oral numeracy test are used for people with a bachelor's degree or above.

4 . The method for measuring air pollution physiological indicators based on pressure recovery according to claim 1 , wherein the air pollution pictures are selected according to different PM _2.5 concentrations at fixed locations, and standardized processing is performed after the pictures are selected. 5 .

5 . The method for measuring physiological indexes of atmospheric pollution based on pressure recovery according to claim 4 , wherein the pictures of atmospheric pollution are randomly presented in the pressure recovery state. 6 .

6 . The method for measuring physiological indexes of air pollution based on pressure recovery according to claim 1 , wherein the data collected by the data acquisition unit includes electrical skin signals and electrocardiographic signals. 7 .

7. a kind of air pollution physiological index measurement method based on pressure recovery according to claim 6, is characterized in that, after the recorded electrodermal and electrocardiogram signal preprocessing, use R language statistical analysis, skin electrodermal signal (SCL) reflects The average stress level over a specific period of time is used to measure the instantaneous stress level; the raw ECG data is converted into heart rate and three heart rate variability indicators to reflect parasympathetic and sympathetic activity.

8. A pressure recovery-based air pollution physiological index measurement system, characterized in that any one of the pressure recovery-based air pollution physiological index measurement methods according to any one of claims 1-7 is used.

9 . The air pollution physiological index measurement system based on pressure recovery according to claim 8 , characterized in that it comprises a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit and a data recovery unit, and the data acquisition unit collects data in the experiment and sends it to the data processing unit. 10 . Unit processing, the data processing unit sends the analysis and processing results to the data display unit for display.

10 . The air pollution physiological index measurement system based on pressure recovery according to claim 9 , wherein the data collected by the data acquisition unit includes a static rest state, a pressure-induced state and a pressure recovery state, and the pressure recovery state is simultaneously 10 . Use air pollution pictures to stimulate.