CN111103739B - An electrically controlled variable-focus plane lens - Google Patents
An electrically controlled variable-focus plane lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN111103739B CN111103739B CN201911406170.9A CN201911406170A CN111103739B CN 111103739 B CN111103739 B CN 111103739B CN 201911406170 A CN201911406170 A CN 201911406170A CN 111103739 B CN111103739 B CN 111103739B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
- G02F1/294—Variable focal length devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric control zoom plane lens, which comprises a cascade electric control zoom first liquid crystal lens, an electric control zoom second liquid crystal lens and a superlens with fixed focal length, wherein the cascade electric control zoom first liquid crystal lens is arranged on the front surface of the lens; in the state of no electric field, the arrangement direction of molecules in a first liquid crystal layer of the first liquid crystal lens is parallel to the direction of the integral mirror surface of the first liquid crystal lens, the arrangement direction of molecules in a second liquid crystal layer of the second liquid crystal lens is parallel to the direction of the integral mirror surface of the second liquid crystal lens, and the arrangement directions of molecules in the first liquid crystal layer and molecules in the second liquid crystal layer are mutually perpendicular; the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer are respectively applied with an electric field, and the intensity of the electric field is regulated and controlled to realize the adjustment of the molecular arrangement state of the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer; the planar lens adopts a superlens with a fixed focal length. The liquid crystal lens and the superlens combination based on cascade arrangement enable the plane lens group to have an electric control zooming function, be insensitive to polarization, realize a high-quality imaging effect and promote practical application of the plane lens technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lenses, in particular to an electric control zoom plane lens.
Background
Optical imaging systems play an increasingly important role in modern people's daily life and industrial applications, while lenses are an indispensable component thereof, which enable imaging of targets based on the dispersing or condensing action of light. The planar lens which is small in size, capable of being integrated, free of mechanical moving parts and capable of being rapidly subjected to zooming has important application value in the aspects of simplifying an optical system structure, reducing weight, enhancing stability, improving the intelligent level of the system and the like. Some plane lenses which are developed at present, such as binary optical plane lenses, fresnel liquid crystal lenses and super plane lenses based on metamaterials, have bottleneck problems of fixed focal length, serious dispersion problem and the like, and have a larger gap from practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the invention provides an electric control zoom plane lens for solving the problems, which is based on the combination of a liquid crystal lens and a superlens which are arranged in cascade, so that the plane lens group has an electric control zoom function, is insensitive to polarization, realizes a high-quality imaging effect, and promotes the practical application of a plane lens technology.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
An electric control zoom plane lens comprises a first liquid crystal lens, a second liquid crystal lens and a plane lens which are sequentially arranged, wherein the mirror surfaces of the first liquid crystal lens, the second liquid crystal lens and the plane lens are parallel; the first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens are electric control zoom lenses; the first liquid crystal lens comprises a first liquid crystal layer, the second liquid crystal lens comprises a second liquid crystal layer, the arrangement direction of molecules in the first liquid crystal layer is parallel to the whole mirror surface direction of the first liquid crystal lens in the state of no electric field, the arrangement direction of molecules in the second liquid crystal layer is parallel to the whole mirror surface direction of the second liquid crystal lens, and the arrangement directions of molecules in the first liquid crystal layer and molecules in the second liquid crystal layer are mutually perpendicular; the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer are respectively applied with an electric field, and the intensity of the electric field is regulated and controlled to realize the adjustment of the molecular arrangement state of the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer; the plane lens is a focal length fixed lens, and the plane lens adopts a superlens.
Further, the first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens have the same structure; the first liquid crystal lens comprises a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate, and a first conductive film layer and a second conductive film layer are correspondingly arranged on the opposite plate surfaces of the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate respectively; the opposite film surfaces of the first conductive film layer and the second conductive film layer are respectively provided with a first orientation layer and a second orientation layer correspondingly; the first orientation layer is parallel to the first glass substrate, the second orientation layer is parallel to the second glass substrate, and the orientation directions of the first orientation layer and the second orientation layer are anti-parallel; a first liquid crystal layer is filled between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer; the second liquid crystal lens comprises a third glass substrate and a fourth glass substrate, and a third conductive film layer and a fourth conductive film layer are correspondingly arranged on the opposite plate surfaces of the third glass substrate and the fourth glass substrate respectively; a third orientation layer and a fourth orientation layer are correspondingly arranged on the opposite film surfaces of the third conductive film layer and the fourth conductive film layer respectively; the orientation direction of the third orientation layer is parallel to the third glass substrate, the orientation direction of the fourth orientation layer is parallel to the fourth glass substrate, and the orientation directions of the third orientation layer and the fourth orientation layer are anti-parallel to each other; a second liquid crystal layer is filled between the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment layer; the orientation directions of the third orientation layer and the fourth orientation layer are perpendicular to the orientation directions of the first orientation layer and the second orientation layer.
The first liquid crystal layer between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer is in a nematic phase state (only has a direction sequence without a position sequence) within the working temperature range, and liquid crystal molecules are arranged in an antiparallel mode under the action of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer; applying a set of electric fields with set amplitude by using a set of independent electrodes of the first conductive film layer and a common electrode of the second conductive film layer, and after the electric fields reach a steady state, orderly arranging liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer according to a pre-designed pattern to realize an optical lens with a light converging or diverging effect; by adjusting the alternating electric field applied to the first conductive film layer and the second conductive film layer, the molecular orientation in the first liquid crystal layer is rearranged as expected, so that the purpose of adjusting the focal length of the first liquid crystal lens is achieved. The purpose of the second liquid crystal lens focal length is achieved in the same way.
Further, the second glass substrate is connected with the third glass substrate through a bonding layer so as to realize the connection of the first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens; or the second glass substrate and the third glass substrate share one glass substrate to realize the connection of the first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens.
Further, the superlens comprises a glass substrate and a micro-nano structure layer arranged on the surface of the glass substrate; the glass substrate adopts an independent fifth glass substrate, or adopts the first glass substrate, or adopts the fourth glass substrate; the micro-nano structure layer is formed by distributing a plurality of micro-nano column arrays.
The micro-nano structure layer corrects the chromatic dispersion of the first lens and the second lens in a working wave band through the accurate regulation and control of the intensity, the phase and the polarization state of a light field, eliminates or reduces the influence of chromatic dispersion on broadband imaging, realizes perfect focusing of light rays and obtains high-quality imaging; the micro-nano array structure size is matched with the effective size of the first liquid crystal lens.
Further, a first spacer is further arranged between the first orientation layer and the second orientation layer, and the first spacer is used for controlling the interval between the first orientation layer and the second orientation layer; a second spacer is arranged between the third orientation layer and the fourth orientation layer, and the second spacer is used for controlling the interval between the third orientation layer and the fourth orientation layer.
Further, the first conductive film layer and the second conductive film layer are transparent conductive films, the square resistance is 200Ω/≡500 Ω/≡, and the film transmittance is not lower than 95%.
Further, the first transparent conductive film layer adopts a plurality of independent concentric annular conductive structures, each annular conductive structure leads out an independent electrode to an edge area to form a group of independent electrodes, and the outermost edge of the annular conductive structure forms an effective area of the first lens; the second conductive film layer is a uniform common electrode; the third transparent conductive film layer adopts a plurality of independent concentric annular conductive structures, each annular conductive structure leads out an independent electrode to an edge area to form a group of independent electrodes, and the outermost edge of the annular conductive structure forms an effective area of the first lens; the fourth conductive film layer is a uniform common electrode.
Further, applying an electric field with a set threshold value on the first conductive film layer and the second conductive film layer along the direction vertical to the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate, wherein molecules in the first liquid crystal layer deflect or incline from the direction parallel to the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate to the direction vertical to the electric field, so that the light converging or diverging effect and the focal length adjustment are realized; and applying an electric field with a set threshold value on the third conductive film layer and the fourth conductive film layer along the directions vertical to the third glass substrate and the fourth glass substrate, wherein molecules in the second liquid crystal layer deflect or incline from the directions parallel to the third glass substrate and the fourth glass substrate to the directions vertical to the electric field, thereby realizing the light converging or diverging effect and the focal length adjustment.
Further, the first orientation layer and the second orientation layer are coated on the corresponding first conductive film layer and the second conductive film layer by polyimide solution, and channels are generated for orientation in a lint friction mode after high-temperature baking; and the third orientation layer and the fourth orientation layer are coated on the corresponding third conductive film layer and fourth conductive film layer by polyimide solution, and channels are generated for orientation in a lint friction mode after high-temperature baking.
Further, the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are both aligned by the photo-alignment agent through irradiation of linearly polarized ultraviolet light in a photo-splitting, photo-polymerizing or photo-deforming mode.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
The single liquid crystal lens needs to be used in combination with a polaroid, and the polarization direction of the polaroid is parallel to the orientation direction of liquid crystal molecules, so that the purpose of zooming is achieved by realizing phase retardation adjustment on e light, and the adjustment range of the focal length is limited by the double refractive index difference delta n=n e-no of the liquid crystal material. The single liquid crystal lens is sensitive to polarized light, but the liquid crystal lens combination mode can eliminate the dependency of liquid crystal on polarization, and the principle is that: in the two liquid crystal layers, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular to each other, and incident light of any polarization state can be regarded as superposition of light of two polarization states perpendicular to each other, and in the first liquid crystal lens, e light is focused, o light is not affected; in the second liquid crystal lens, the original o light becomes e light, which is focused by the lens, and the original e light becomes o light, and is thus not affected by the second liquid crystal lens. Thus, the incident light with any polarization state is focused after being combined by the two liquid crystal lenses, so that the dependency on the polarization state is eliminated.
For optical imaging lenses, zoom power and focus effect are two important power characterizations, both of which are important for practical imaging applications. Currently, there are several schemes for implementing the zoom function of the superlens, such as using electric, thermal, optical, magnetic, mechanical stretching, MEMS techniques, etc., but the implementation is relatively complex. In the invention, the focusing or the divergence of any light polarization state by the lens group can be realized by adopting a mode of combining two liquid crystal lenses and the nanometer superlens. In addition, due to the dispersion effect of the liquid crystal material, the liquid crystal lens can usually only work at a specific wavelength, when the liquid crystal lens is used in a wide band, the condition that light focuses of different wavelengths are inconsistent can occur, the dispersion characteristic (particularly, the dispersion curve in an expected working band) of the liquid crystal lens can be aimed at by adopting a super-surface technology based on dispersion control, and the micro-nano optical harmonic oscillator of the super-lens and the arrangement mode thereof can be reasonably designed, so that the combined plane lens can realize achromatic focusing effect on a continuous wide band and has zoom capability.
In the existing liquid crystal lens preparation technology, a corrosion thinning process is adopted, and the thickness of a single liquid crystal lens can be controlled to be 0.2-0.3 mm. Therefore, the thickness of the combined lens (two liquid crystal lenses plus the superlens) of the patent can be controlled within 1 mm. The invention is applied to the field of optical imaging detection, and has wide application prospect in the fields of machine vision, artificial intelligence and the like. The overall advantages are as follows:
1. the invention obtains the high imaging quality plane lens with the electric control and no mechanical zooming function through the complementary advantages of the cascade connection of the two layers of liquid crystal lenses and the superlens;
2. the plane lens group is insensitive to polarization, and therefore, the plane lens group does not need to work in a special polarization state, thereby being capable of realizing imaging of natural light, having high utilization rate of system light energy and being beneficial to realizing imaging of dark and weak scenes;
3. the electronically controlled zoom plane lens can achieve millimeter and micron-sized thickness, can partially or even completely replace the traditional optical lens, greatly simplifies the structure of the traditional imaging and beam control system, improves the system integration level, and has higher enhancement stability.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electronically controlled variable focal length planar imaging lens according to the present invention; the reference numerals and corresponding part names in fig. 1: 101-first glass substrate, 102-second glass substrate, 103-third glass substrate, 104-fourth glass substrate, 105-fifth glass substrate, 106-first conductive film layer, 107-second conductive film layer, 108-third conductive film layer, 109-fourth conductive film layer, 110-first alignment layer, 111-second alignment layer, 112-third alignment layer, 113-third alignment layer, 114-first spacer, 115-second spacer, 116-first liquid crystal layer, 117-second liquid crystal layer, 118-micro-nano structure layer, 119-first glue layer, 120-second glue layer.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a thin electronically controlled variable focal length planar imaging lens according to the present invention; the reference numerals and corresponding part names in fig. 2: 201-first glass substrate, 202-second glass substrate, 203-third glass substrate, 204-first conductive film layer, 205-second conductive film layer, 206-third conductive film layer, 207-fourth conductive film layer, 208-first orientation layer, 209-second orientation layer, 210-third orientation layer, 211-third orientation layer, 212-first spacer, 213-second spacer, 214-first liquid crystal layer, 215-second liquid crystal layer, 216-micro-nano structure layer.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the individual electrodes of the liquid crystal lens; the labels in fig. 3 and the corresponding part names: 301-glass substrate, 302-ring electrode, 303-conductive lead, 304-electrode terminal.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a focal length-fixed planar lens structure according to the present invention; the labels in fig. 4 and the corresponding part names: 401-glass substrate, 402-micro-nano structured layer.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides an electronically controlled zoom plane lens, as shown in fig. 1, including 5 glass substrates (first glass substrate 101, second glass substrate 102, third glass substrate 103, fourth glass substrate 104, and fifth glass substrate 105), 4 transparent conductive layers (first conductive film layer 106, second conductive film layer 107, third conductive film layer 108, and fourth conductive film layer 109), 4 alignment layers (first alignment layer 110, second alignment layer 111, third alignment layer 112, and fourth alignment layer 113), cell thickness control spacers (first spacer 114 and second spacer 115), liquid crystal layers (first liquid crystal layer 116 and second liquid crystal layer 117), and micro-nano structure layers (micro-nano structure layer 118), and glue layers (first glue layer 119 and second glue layer 120).
Wherein the first glass substrate 101, the second glass substrate 102, the first conductive film layer 106, the second conductive film layer 107, the first alignment layer 110, the second alignment layer 111, the first spacer 114, and the first liquid crystal layer 116 constitute a first liquid crystal lens; the third glass substrate 103, the fourth glass substrate 104, the third conductive film layer 108, the fourth conductive film layer 109, the third alignment layer 112, the fourth alignment layer 113, the second spacer 115, and the second liquid crystal layer 117 constitute a second liquid crystal lens; the fifth glass substrate 105 and the micro-nano structured layer 118 constitute a superlens. The first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens are electric control zoom lenses, the superlens is a fixed focal length lens, the first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens are bonded through a first bonding layer 119, and the second liquid crystal lens and the superlens are bonded through a bonding layer 120 to finally form the electric control zoom plane imaging lens assembly.
The first glass substrate 101 and the second glass substrate 102 are parallel to each other, the alignment directions of the first alignment layer 110 and the second alignment layer 111 are parallel to the first glass substrate 101 and the second glass substrate 102, and the alignment directions of the first alignment layer 110 and the second alignment layer 111 are antiparallel to each other. The third glass substrate 103 and the fourth glass substrate 104 are parallel to each other, the orientation directions of the third orientation layer 112 and the fourth orientation layer 113 are parallel to the third glass substrate 103 and the fourth glass substrate 104, and the orientation directions of the third orientation layer 112 and the fourth orientation layer 113 are antiparallel to each other. However, the alignment directions of the third alignment layer 112 and the fourth alignment layer 113 are perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment layer 110 and the second alignment layer 111. With this arrangement, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 116 and the second liquid crystal layer 117 are arranged vertically to each other in the absence of an external electric field, and are all arranged in a direction parallel to the four glass substrates (the first glass substrate 101, the second glass substrate 102, the third glass substrate 103, and the fourth glass substrate 104), so that the polarization sensitivity of the device of the present invention is eliminated, and compared with the liquid crystal lenses sensitive to polarization of the same kind, the device structure can be simplified, and the light energy utilization rate can be greatly improved when imaging natural light, so that the device is advantageously applied to occasions with poor illumination conditions.
The micro-nano structure layer 118 is prepared on the independent fifth glass substrate 105, and through accurate regulation and control of the intensity, the phase and the polarization state of the light field, the dispersion effect of the liquid crystal layer on light is corrected in an operating band, the influence of dispersion on broadband imaging is eliminated or reduced, the perfect focusing of light is realized, and high-quality imaging is obtained. In addition to the adhesion, the refractive indexes of the first and second adhesive layers 119 and 120 are matched with those of the four glass substrates (the first glass substrate 101, the second glass substrate 102, the third glass substrate 103, and the fourth glass substrate 104), thereby reducing reflection loss of light between the first and second glass substrates 101 and 102, and the third and fourth glass substrates 103 and 104.
Applying an electric field perpendicular to the directions of the first glass substrate 101 and the second glass substrate 102 on the transparent first conductive film layer 106 and the second conductive film layer 107 and exceeding a set threshold value, and applying an electric field perpendicular to the directions of the third glass substrate 103 and the fourth glass substrate 104 on the transparent third conductive film layer 108 and the fourth conductive film layer 109 and exceeding a set threshold value, molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 116 and the second liquid crystal layer 117 are deflected or tilted from the directions parallel to the glass substrates (the first glass substrate 101, the second glass substrate 102, the third glass substrate 103, the fourth glass substrate 104 and the fifth glass substrate 105) to the directions perpendicular to the electric field, thereby changing the optical retardation amounts of the first liquid crystal layer 116 and the second liquid crystal layer 117 to incident light, and further adjusting the focal length of the planar lens group of the present invention.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides an electronically controlled zoom plane lens, as shown in fig. 2, including three glass substrates (a first glass substrate 201, a second glass substrate 202, and a third glass substrate 203), four transparent conductive layers (a first conductive film layer 204, a second conductive film layer 205, a third conductive film layer 206, and a fourth conductive film layer 207), four alignment layers (a first alignment layer 208, a second alignment layer 209, a third alignment layer 210, and a fourth alignment layer 211), two cell thickness control spacers (a first spacer 212 and a second spacer 213), two liquid crystal layers (a first liquid crystal layer 214 and a second liquid crystal layer 215), and one micro-nano structure layer (a micro-nano structure layer 216). The structure is similar to that of the electronically controlled variable focal length planar lens provided in embodiment 1, except that: in order to reduce the thickness of the lens device, when manufacturing the lens group, the first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens are shared by one glass substrate (the second glass substrate 202), the second liquid crystal lens and the superlens are shared by one glass substrate (the third glass substrate 203), and the original second glass substrate 102 and third glass substrate 103, and fourth glass substrate 104 and fifth glass substrate 105 are respectively canceled; the second glass substrate 102 and the third glass substrate 103, and the fourth glass substrate 104 and the fifth glass substrate 105, which were originally separated by the bonding layers (the first bonding layer 119 and the second bonding layer 120), are each combined into one glass substrate, and the bonding layers (the first bonding layer 119 and the second bonding layer 120) are omitted. The thin structure reduces the thickness of the lens group and reduces the reflection loss and absorption loss of light, thereby being more beneficial to improving the light energy utilization rate of the lens group.
Example 3
Further improvement based on the embodiments 1 and 2, the individual electrode structure of the liquid crystal lens is as shown in fig. 3, including a glass substrate 301 (here, the glass substrate refers to the first glass substrate 101 and the third glass substrate 103 for the embodiment 1); for example 2, one side surface of the first glass substrate 201 and the second glass substrate 202), a plurality of concentric diffraction ring electrodes 302 for independent retardation control, electrode terminals 304 for connecting a driving circuit, and transparent conductive leads 303 connecting the independent ring electrodes 302 with the electrode terminals 304. The width of the ring electrode 302 is comprehensively designed according to parameters such as the design focal length of the liquid crystal lens, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, and the difference of double refractive indexes. The transparent conductive leads 303 are as thin as possible under the premise of ensuring good conductive performance, each annular electrode 302 is independently led out to an edge area by the transparent conductive leads 303 to form a group of independent electrodes, and the outermost edge of the annular electrode 302 forms an effective area of the first lens. The multiple regions of the ring electrode 302 are individually controlled according to the phase modulation fresnel lens principle, thereby simulating the focusing or defocusing function of a normal optical glass lens for light, and forming a so-called liquid crystal lens. Correspondingly, the second glass substrate 102, the fourth glass substrate 104, the other side plate surface of the second glass substrate 202 and the conductive film layer on the third glass substrate 203 are all matched with the independent electrodes by adopting a uniform common electrode. The square resistance of the transparent conductive film is 200 omega/≡to 500 omega/≡, and the transmittance of the film layer is not lower than 95%.
The focal length fixed planar lens structure is shown in fig. 4 and includes a glass substrate 401 (here, the glass substrate refers to the fifth glass substrate 105 for embodiment 1 and the third glass substrate 203 for embodiment 2) and a micro-nano structured layer 402. The micro-nano structural layer 402 precisely regulates and controls the intensity, the phase and the polarization state of incident light by adopting micro-nano columns with different shapes and lengths, compensates the chromatic dispersion of light by the first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens, realizes the perfect focusing of a broadband, and thus forms a variable focal plane lens group with good imaging quality.
For each alignment layer (for the first alignment layer 110, the second alignment layer 111, the third alignment layer 112, and the fourth alignment layer 113 of example 1, for the first alignment layer 208, the second alignment layer 209, the third alignment layer 210, and the fourth alignment layer 211 of example 2), a polyimide solution may be applied to the corresponding transparent conductive layer by roll coating or spin coating, and channels may be generated for alignment by rubbing with lint after baking at high temperature. Alternatively, the orientation may be achieved by irradiation of linearly polarized ultraviolet light using a photo-alignment agent in a photocleavable, photopolymerisable or photo-deformable manner.
The first liquid crystal layer between the first orientation layer and the second orientation layer is in a nematic phase state (only has no position sequence in the direction sequence) in the working temperature range, and is arranged in an antiparallel mode under the action of the first orientation layer and the second orientation layer; applying a set of electric fields with set amplitude by using a set of independent electrodes of the first conductive film layer and a common electrode of the second conductive film layer, and after the electric fields reach a steady state, orderly arranging liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer according to a pre-designed pattern to realize an optical lens with a light converging or diverging effect; by adjusting the alternating electric field applied to the first conductive film layer and the second conductive film layer, the molecular orientation in the first liquid crystal layer is rearranged as expected, so that the purpose of adjusting the focal length of the first liquid crystal lens is achieved. The purpose of the second liquid crystal lens focal length is achieved in the same way.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The lens is characterized by comprising a first liquid crystal lens, a second liquid crystal lens and a plane lens which are sequentially arranged, wherein the mirror surfaces of the first liquid crystal lens, the second liquid crystal lens and the plane lens are parallel to each other;
The first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens are electric control zoom lenses; the first liquid crystal lens comprises a first liquid crystal layer, the second liquid crystal lens comprises a second liquid crystal layer, the arrangement direction of molecules in the first liquid crystal layer is parallel to the whole mirror surface direction of the first liquid crystal lens in the state of no electric field, the arrangement direction of molecules in the second liquid crystal layer is parallel to the whole mirror surface direction of the second liquid crystal lens, and the arrangement directions of molecules in the first liquid crystal layer and molecules in the second liquid crystal layer are mutually perpendicular; the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer are respectively applied with an electric field, and the intensity of the electric field is regulated and controlled to realize the adjustment of the molecular arrangement state of the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer;
the plane lens is a focal length fixed lens, and adopts a superlens;
The first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens have the same structure; the first liquid crystal lens comprises a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate, and a first conductive film layer and a second conductive film layer are correspondingly arranged on the opposite plate surfaces of the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate respectively; the opposite film surfaces of the first conductive film layer and the second conductive film layer are respectively provided with a first orientation layer and a second orientation layer correspondingly; the first orientation layer is parallel to the first glass substrate, the second orientation layer is parallel to the second glass substrate, and the orientation directions of the first orientation layer and the second orientation layer are anti-parallel; a first liquid crystal layer is filled between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer;
The second liquid crystal lens comprises a third glass substrate and a fourth glass substrate, and a third conductive film layer and a fourth conductive film layer are correspondingly arranged on the opposite plate surfaces of the third glass substrate and the fourth glass substrate respectively; a third orientation layer and a fourth orientation layer are correspondingly arranged on the opposite film surfaces of the third conductive film layer and the fourth conductive film layer respectively; the orientation direction of the third orientation layer is parallel to the third glass substrate, the orientation direction of the fourth orientation layer is parallel to the fourth glass substrate, and the orientation directions of the third orientation layer and the fourth orientation layer are anti-parallel to each other; a second liquid crystal layer is filled between the third alignment layer and the fourth alignment layer;
The orientation directions of the third orientation layer and the fourth orientation layer are perpendicular to the orientation directions of the first orientation layer and the second orientation layer; the second glass substrate is connected with the third glass substrate through a bonding layer so as to realize the connection of the first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens; or the second glass substrate and the third glass substrate share one glass substrate to realize the connection of the first liquid crystal lens and the second liquid crystal lens;
A first spacer is further arranged between the first orientation layer and the second orientation layer, and the first spacer is used for controlling the distance between the first orientation layer and the second orientation layer; a second spacer is arranged between the third orientation layer and the fourth orientation layer, and the second spacer is used for controlling the interval between the third orientation layer and the fourth orientation layer.
2. A lens according to claim 1, wherein the superlens comprises a glass substrate and a micro-nano structured layer disposed on the surface of the glass substrate; the glass substrate adopts an independent fifth glass substrate, or adopts the first glass substrate, or adopts the fourth glass substrate; the micro-nano structure layer is formed by distributing a plurality of micro-nano column arrays.
3. The lens according to claim 1, wherein the first conductive film layer and the second conductive film layer are transparent conductive films, and the sheet resistance is 200Ω/≡500Ω/≡and the film transmittance is not lower than 95%.
4. A lens according to claim 3, wherein the first conductive film layer is formed by a plurality of independent concentric annular conductive structures, each of which leads an independent electrode to an edge region to form a set of independent electrodes, and the outermost edge of the annular conductive structure forms the effective region of the first liquid crystal lens; the second conductive film layer is a uniform common electrode; the third conductive film layer adopts a plurality of independent concentric annular conductive structures, each annular conductive structure leads out an independent electrode to an edge area to form a group of independent electrodes, and the outermost edge of the annular conductive structure forms an effective area of the first liquid crystal lens; the fourth conductive film layer is a uniform common electrode.
5. A lens according to claim 1 or 4, wherein an electric field of a set threshold value is applied to the first conductive film layer and the second conductive film layer in a direction perpendicular to the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate, and molecules in the first liquid crystal layer are deflected or inclined from a direction parallel to the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate in a direction perpendicular to the electric field, thereby achieving a light converging or diverging effect and a focal length adjustment;
And applying an electric field with a set threshold value on the third conductive film layer and the fourth conductive film layer along the directions vertical to the third glass substrate and the fourth glass substrate, wherein molecules in the second liquid crystal layer deflect or incline from the directions parallel to the third glass substrate and the fourth glass substrate to the directions vertical to the electric field, thereby realizing the light converging or diverging effect and the focal length adjustment.
6. The lens of claim 1, wherein the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are each coated on the corresponding first conductive film layer and second conductive film layer with a polyimide solution, and channels are generated for alignment by rubbing with lint after baking at high temperature; and the third orientation layer and the fourth orientation layer are coated on the corresponding third conductive film layer and fourth conductive film layer by polyimide solution, and channels are generated for orientation in a lint friction mode after high-temperature baking.
7. A lens according to claim 1, wherein the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are each aligned by irradiation of a photo-alignment agent with linearly polarized uv light in a photo-cleavage, photo-polymerization or photo-deformation manner.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911406170.9A CN111103739B (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | An electrically controlled variable-focus plane lens |
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| CN112198733B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2022-04-22 | 电子科技大学 | Beam deflection device and method based on liquid crystal lens and liquid crystal microlens array |
| US11089188B1 (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2021-08-10 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Phased metalens for adjusting a focus of an image |
| CN112099285B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-02 | 南昌虚拟现实研究院股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal lens device and virtual reality zooming method |
| CN117054339A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2023-11-14 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | A split-focus plane polarization imaging device based on liquid crystal microarray device |
| CN113467135A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-10-01 | 福州大学 | Double-layer liquid crystal lens for light field imaging and manufacturing method thereof |
| US12140417B2 (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2024-11-12 | Aptiv Technologies AG | Actively select lenses for camera focus processes |
| CN114690287B (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2023-12-12 | 南方科技大学 | Liquid crystal polarizing lens group, preparation method and multi-focal plane display system |
| CN114859607A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-08-05 | 北京京东方技术开发有限公司 | Superlens, manufacturing method thereof and display device |
| US12455427B2 (en) | 2022-05-03 | 2025-10-28 | Aptiv Technologies AG | Camera focusing including lens centration estimation using variable focal length phased metalens |
| US12449719B2 (en) | 2022-09-06 | 2025-10-21 | Aptiv Technologies AG | Phased metalens depth of focus increase for camera focusing |
| CN116300063A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-06-23 | 湖南大学 | A dynamic zoom achromatic metalens and its implementation method |
| CN116047818A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-05-02 | 鑫海合星科技（大连）有限公司 | A three-dimensional imaging system and method for variable-focus liquid crystal polarization multiplexing metalens |
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