CN111067679A - 一种具有高支撑强度的颅内可降解聚酯支架 - Google Patents
一种具有高支撑强度的颅内可降解聚酯支架 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有高支撑强度的颅内可降解聚酯支架,由网环单元、横向连接杆、纵向连接杆、支架成环连接杆组成的筒状结构,所述网环单元、横向连接杆、纵向连接杆构成网格结构,在横向连接杆、纵向连接杆上排布有紧密的微孔,在支架的表面涂敷药物层,微孔可以增加接触面积和携药量。横向连接杆均和纵向连接杆匀间隔设置于所述网环单元之间,可以提高血管支架的支撑强度。本发明提出的颅内可降解聚酯支架具有较高的支撑强度,同时可以利用微孔增大携药量,能够延长支架在人体血管内的作用时间,促进病情的恢复。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械领域,具体涉及一种具有高支撑强度的颅内可降解聚酯支架。
背景技术
血管支架用于治疗血管腔内的闭塞、病变等病症。血管支架通常为管状形态并且在纵向两端开放。支架以收缩形状被放入身体中,通常被放入血管腔中,随后当处于治疗位点时被膨胀至扩张形态。血管支架已成为优选的脉管疾病治疗方法,特别是脉管疾病发生在冠状动脉及周边脉管中的情况。
生物可降解支架由可降解的聚合物材料或金属材料制成,在植入病变位置后可以在短期内起到支承血管的作用,从而实现血运重建。在治疗完成后,生物可降解支架在人体环境内会降解为被人体吸收的物质,最终支架消失。
金属支架如镁合金支架降解速度太高,导致镁支架在体内的力学强度衰减速率过快,影响治疗效果;铁基合金支架虽然力学性能满足支架要求,但铁支架的腐蚀速率难以把控,同时在模拟体液下和人体环境中的降解腐蚀机理尚无厘清,从而限制了铁基支架作为颅内支架的应用。因此,研究采用一种可生物降解材料作为支架,使其具有金属支架的各种力学性能,且不改变现在采用的输送方法,成为微创介入医疗器械领域目前的另一个研究热点领域。生物可降解支架在植入血管病变位置后,可以实现金属支架的支撑功能,在其所载治疗药物释放完全后,其本体可在一段时间内逐步降解为可以被人体所吸收的无毒副作用的物质,直至完全降解。目前在生物可降解支架方面,美国雅培公司的BVS支架和美国Elixir Medical公司的DESolve支架已进入临床试验阶段,该类血管支架在机械强度、体积、降解性能及所载药物的释放速度等方面还不能完全适应临床的需要。同时现有的血管支架面临着支撑力不足,表面的覆盖率较小的特点,容易引起血管再狭窄,在很大程度上制约了其推广和应用。因此需要解决上述问题,提高颅内可降解生物支架的作用效果。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明公开了一种具有高支撑强度的颅内可降解聚酯支架,力学性能好,具有载药量大、药物释放方便的优点。
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种具有高支撑强度的颅内可降解聚酯支架,由网环单元、横向连接杆、纵向连接杆、支架成环连接杆组成的筒状结构,所述网环单元、横向连接杆、纵向连接杆构成网格结构,所述最外两侧的网环单元上设有连接扣a、连接扣b,所述支架成环连接杆包括连成一体的连接环a、横杆、连接环b,所述连接环a连接连接扣a,所述连接环b连接连接扣b,在横向连接杆与纵向连接杆上开有直径5~10微米的微孔;微孔的形状为圆形、三角形、六边形或十二边形。
作为本发明的一种改进,所述颅内可降解聚酯支架上的微孔打孔步骤:利用微孔制造遮蔽板在可降解支架上打孔,激光照射在微孔制造遮蔽样板板上,在支架上形成相同图案的微孔,利用激光束和可降解支架的相对运动完成微孔密排阵列的加工。微孔的激光加工采用的激光波长应不大于500 nm,功率范围0.5 mW-1.5 W,脉冲间隔50-500 fs。
作为本发明的一种改进,所述支架成环连接杆主要由连接环a、横杆、连接环b组成,支架成环连接杆主要是将上述平面支架弯曲成筒状时,将两条边上的连接扣连接起来。
作为本发明的一种改进,所述颅内可降解聚酯支架,其特征是,所述横向连接杆均和纵向连接杆匀间隔设置于所述网环单元之间。
作为本发明的一种改进,所述颅内可降解聚酯支架,其特征是,所述椭圆形网环单元的长径与短径之比为4:3。
作为本发明的一种改进,所述颅内可降解聚酯支架,其特征是,所述血管支架的两端设有金属显影标记。
作为本发明的一种改进,所述颅内可降解聚酯支架,其特征是,所述血管支架的长度为5-25cm。
作为本发明的一种改进,所述颅内可降解聚酯支架,其特征是,生物可降解聚酯材料包括但不限于如下材料中的一种或多种:聚乳酸(PLA)、聚乙醇酸(PGA)、聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物(PLGA)、聚己内酯(PCL)、聚三亚甲基碳酸酯(PTMC)、聚酯酰胺、聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)、聚羟基丁酸戊酯(PHBV)、聚乙酰谷氨酸和聚正酯(POE)等聚酯材料。
作为本发明的一种改进,所述颅内可降解聚酯支架,其特征是,为提高管材的结晶度,管材处理的温度优先选择在聚酯的玻璃化转变温度-熔点之间。
作为本发明的一种改进,所述颅内可降解聚酯支架,其特征是,所涂敷的药物选自抗癌药物、抗凝血剂、微生物免疫抑制剂以及其它抗再狭窄药物中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的一种改进,所述颅内可降解聚酯支架,其特征是,制备加工过程中利用99.999%以上纯度的氦气进行冷却,减少热效应。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明提出的颅内血管支架具有防止对血管壁造成损伤、力学性能好的特点,而且具有可以载药、载药量大、药物释放方便的优点。
(2)本发明提出的颅内血管支架具有较高的支承强度,能够延长支架在人体血管内的作用时间,本发明支架具有优异的生物相容性。
(3)本发明提出的颅内血管支架具有密排微孔阵列,能够极大的提高载药面积,以及血管支架和血管壁的接触面积,防止对血管壁造成损伤,提升药物的作用效果。
(4)通过提高可降解聚酯的结晶能力,可以进而提高聚酯及支架的力学性能。
(5)本发明方法提供的支架成型工艺简单,可操作性强,可实现产量化生产。
附图说明
图1 本发明的可降解聚酯支架示意图。
图2 本发明的微孔制造遮蔽样板示意图。
图3 本发明的支架成环连接杆示意图。
附图标记列表:
1、连接扣a;2、网环单元;3、横向连接杆;4、微孔;5、纵向连接杆;6、连接扣b;7、微孔制造遮蔽样板;8、微孔缺口;9、连接环a;10、横杆;11、连接环b。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式,进一步阐明本发明,应理解下述具体实施方式仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
如图所示,本发明所述的一种具有高支撑强度的颅内可降解聚酯支架,主要由连接扣a1、网环单元2、横向连接杆3、微孔4、纵向连接杆5、连接扣b6、支架成环连接杆等组成。在生物支架上开有等效直径5~10微米的微孔4。微孔4的形状可以为圆形、三角形、六边形、十二边形等。
本发明所述支架成环连接杆主要由连接环a9、横杆10、连接环b11组成,支架成环连接杆主要是将上述平面支架弯曲成筒状时,将两条边上的连接扣a1和连接扣b11连接起来。
本发明所述横向连接杆均3和纵向连接杆5匀间隔设置于所述网环单元2之间,形成网格结构。
本发明所述网环单元2呈椭圆形,长径与短径之比为4:3。
本发明所述一种具有高支撑强度的颅内可降解聚酯支架的长度为5-25 cm。
本发明所述颅内可降解聚酯支架上的微孔4打孔步骤:利用微孔制造遮蔽板7在可降解支架上打孔,激光照射在微孔制造遮蔽样板板7上,在支架上形成相同图案的微孔4,利用激光束和可降解支架的相对运动完成微孔4密排阵列的加工。微孔4的激光加工采用的激光波长应不大于500 nm,功率范围0.5 mW-1.5 W,脉冲间隔50-500 fs。
本发明方案所公开的技术手段不仅限于上述实施方式所公开的技术手段,还包括由以上技术特征任意组合所组成的技术方案。
Claims (6)
1.一种具有高支撑强度的颅内可降解聚酯支架,由网环单元(2)、横向连接杆(3)、纵向连接杆(5)、支架成环连接杆组成的筒状结构,所述网环单元(2)、横向连接杆(3)、纵向连接杆(5)构成网格结构,所述最外两侧的网环单元(2)上设有连接扣a(1)、连接扣b(6),所述支架成环连接杆包括连成一体的连接环a(9)、横杆(10)、连接环b(11),所述连接环a(9)连接连接扣a(1),所述连接环b(11)连接连接扣b(6),在横向连接杆(3)与纵向连接杆(5)上开有直径5~10微米的微孔(4);微孔(4)的形状为圆形、三角形、六边形或十二边形,在支架的表面涂敷药物层。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种具有高支撑强度的颅内可降解聚酯支架,其特征在于,所述横向连接杆均(3)和纵向连接杆(5)匀间隔设置于所述网环单元(2)之间。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种具有高支撑强度的颅内可降解聚酯支架,其特征在于,所述网环单元(2)呈椭圆形,长径与短径之比为4:3。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种具有高支撑强度的颅内可降解聚酯支架,其特征在于,所述支架的长度为5-25 cm。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种具有高支撑强度的颅内可降解聚酯支架,其特征在于,所涂敷的药物选自抗癌药物、抗凝血剂、微生物免疫抑制剂以及其它抗再狭窄药物中的一种或多种。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种具有高支撑强度的颅内可降解聚酯支架,其特征在于,利用微孔制造遮蔽板(7)在可降解聚酯支架上打孔,激光照射在微孔制造遮蔽样板板(7)上,在支架上形成与微孔缺口(8)相同图案的微孔(4),利用激光束和可降解支架的相对运动完成微孔(4)密排阵列的加工,微孔(4)的激光加工采用的激光波长应不大于500 nm,功率范围0.5 mW-1.5 W,脉冲间隔50-500 fs。
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