Background
Experience with the actual operation of hydraulic systems has shown that contamination is a major cause of hydraulic system failure. The hydraulic system contaminants are derived from residues in the manufacturing process of hydraulic components, external immersion, products in the operation process of the system and the like, and mainly comprise solid particles, water, air, chemical contaminants, microorganisms, pollution energy and the like. The pollutants not only accelerate the abrasion of the element and block a gap and a damping channel in the element, but also accelerate the oxidation and deterioration of the hydraulic medium and the corrosion of the metal surface, the viscosity of the hydraulic medium is reduced due to the overhigh heat energy, the leakage amount is increased, and the working reliability of a hydraulic system and the service life of the element are seriously influenced by the pollutants mixed in the hydraulic working medium.
The existing hydraulic oil tank is mostly of an open structure, the liquid level in the oil tank is communicated with the atmosphere through an air filter, the oil tank is very unfavorable for a hydraulic pump with poor self-suction capacity, particularly a hydraulic pump working aloft, the pressure at the inlet of the hydraulic pump is often reduced, the cavitation phenomenon of the hydraulic pump is caused, and the normal work of a hydraulic system is seriously influenced. In addition, the existing hydraulic oil tank mostly considers the heat dissipation of the oil tank, and in order to prolong a flow channel, reduce the flow speed and fully separate air and precipitated solid particles in a hydraulic medium, the volume of the oil tank is generally designed according to 5-7 times of the system flow, so that the hydraulic oil tank cannot meet the requirement on occasions with limited space volume, particularly walking machinery. The traditional hydraulic oil tank can realize the filtration and purification of a hydraulic medium only by operating a main pump device on line, cannot realize energy-saving off-line circulation cleaning, and cannot realize the functions of degassing and dewatering the hydraulic medium in an on-line and off-line state.
Therefore, a self-adaptive closed hydraulic oil tank is needed to overcome the above defects and meet the use requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention discloses a self-adaptive closed hydraulic oil tank, which is used for various hydraulic systems, and is particularly suitable for hydraulic systems which have high requirements on gas content, water content, cleanliness, temperature range and relative pressure of hydraulic media, small volume of an oil tank body, high integration level and can operate in an online/offline state.
A self-adaptive closed hydraulic oil tank comprises an oil tank body, a liquid-gas isolating mechanism arranged on the oil tank body, a degassing and dehydrating mechanism arranged at the top of the oil tank body and a filtering and cooling circulating mechanism arranged on the oil tank body; the degassing and dewatering mechanism comprises a damping channel communicated with the interior of the oil tank body, an air inlet one-way valve connected with the damping channel, an oil-water separator connected with the air inlet one-way valve, a vacuum generator connected with the oil-water separator and a high-speed stroke reversing valve connected with the vacuum generator; the high-speed stroke reversing valve is communicated with the filtering and cooling circulation mechanism, and the vacuum generator is connected with an exhaust one-way valve for exhausting gas.
Further, the filtering and cooling circulation mechanism comprises an oil absorption filter communicated with the oil tank body, a cooling circulation pump device connected with the oil absorption filter, a pressure oil filter connected with the cooling circulation pump device, and a plate heat exchanger connected with the pressure oil filter; the plate heat exchanger is communicated with the high-speed stroke reversing valve.
Further, the liquid-gas isolation mechanism comprises a bag isolation type energy accumulator connected with the oil tank body and a stop valve arranged between the oil tank body and the bag isolation type energy accumulator.
Further, the high-speed stroke reversing valve is communicated with the inside of the oil tank body.
Further, the degassing and dewatering mechanism further comprises a pressure gauge switch connected with the damping channel and a vacuum gauge connected with the pressure gauge switch.
Further, the side of the oil tank body is provided with a magnetic turning plate liquid level meter for detecting the liquid level.
Furthermore, the inside wavy structure that is used for lengthening runner length that is provided with of oil tank body.
Furthermore, the bottom of the oil tank body forms an included angle of 5-10 degrees relative to the horizontal direction, and the lowest point of the oil tank body is provided with a liquid discharge stop valve for discharging impurities.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the self-adaptive closed hydraulic oil tank in the technical scheme can not only carry out circulating degassing and dehydration, but also carry out circulating filtration cooling and continuous heating, and finally can achieve the purposes that the water content is less than or equal to 10ppm, the gas content is less than or equal to 1 percent, the temperature range of a hydraulic medium is kept between 20 ℃ and 50 ℃, the cleanliness is less than or equal to 3 mu m, and the adaptability is strong; the hydraulic pump has good sealing performance, not only can effectively avoid the contact of the hydraulic medium of the oil tank body with the atmosphere, but also can keep the relative pressure of the hydraulic medium between 0.05MPa and 0.14MPa, thereby well solving the problem of insufficient self-priming capability of the hydraulic pump; the volume is small, the heat dissipation of the oil tank is not considered, the volume of the oil tank is usually 1/10 of the traditional oil tank, the oil tank is widely applied to occasions with limited space volume, and the oil tank is particularly suitable for walking mechanical hydraulic equipment; each part of the oil tank body can be flexibly arranged according to actual needs, the integration level is high, energy-saving off-line circulation cleaning can be realized, and filtering and purification in an on-line state can also be realized.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal layout of the case according to the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the vacuum generator of the present invention operating in a down position; FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the vacuum generator of the present invention as it is operated upwardly; as shown in the figure; a self-adaptive closed hydraulic oil tank comprises an oil tank body 1, a liquid-gas isolating mechanism 4 arranged on the oil tank body 1, a degassing and dehydrating mechanism 7 arranged at the top of the oil tank body 1 and a filtering and cooling circulating mechanism 8 arranged on the oil tank body 1; the degassing and dewatering mechanism comprises a damping channel 71 communicated with the interior of the oil tank body 1, an air inlet one-way valve 72 connected with the damping channel 71, an oil-water separator 73 connected with the air inlet one-way valve 72, a vacuum generator 75 connected with the oil-water separator 73 and a high-speed stroke reversing valve 78 connected with the vacuum generator 75; the high-speed stroke reversing valve 78 is communicated with the filtering and cooling circulation mechanism 8, and the vacuum generator 75 is connected with an exhaust one-way valve 77 for exhausting gas; the self-adaptive closed hydraulic oil tank in the technical scheme can not only carry out circulating degassing and dehydration, but also carry out circulating filtration cooling and continuous heating, and finally can achieve the purposes that the water content is less than or equal to 10ppm, the gas content is less than or equal to 1 percent, the temperature range of a hydraulic medium is kept between 20 ℃ and 50 ℃, the cleanliness is less than or equal to 3 mu m, and the adaptability is strong; the hydraulic pump has good tightness, not only effectively prevents the hydraulic medium in the oil tank body 1 from contacting the atmosphere, but also keeps the relative pressure of the hydraulic medium between 0.05MPa and 0.14MPa, and well solves the problem of insufficient self-priming capability of the hydraulic pump; the volume is small, the heat dissipation of the oil tank is not considered, the volume of the oil tank is usually 1/10 of the traditional oil tank, the oil tank is widely applied to occasions with limited space volume, and the oil tank is particularly suitable for walking mechanical hydraulic equipment; each part forming the oil tank body 1 can be flexibly arranged according to actual needs, the integration level is high, energy-saving off-line circulation cleaning can be realized, and filtering and purification in an on-line state can also be realized.
The degassing and dewatering mechanism 7 is installed on the top plate of the oil tank body 1, the vacuum generator 75 is a reciprocating vacuum pump, the downward movement of the vacuum generator is in a suction process, namely a vacuum generating process, free air existing at the upper part of the oil tank body 1 and air and moisture dissolved in a hydraulic medium are separated from the air inlet check valve 72 through the damping channel 71, and the larger the vacuum degree is, the more the moisture content is separated. When the reciprocating vacuum pump moves to the maximum displacement, the vacuum degree generated by the degassing and dehydrating mechanism 7 is the maximum. At this time, the output end stopper triggers the control rod of the high-speed stroke reversing valve 78, the high-speed stroke reversing valve 78 reverses, so that the hydraulic medium output from the filtering and cooling circulation mechanism 8 enters the degassing and dehydrating mechanism 7, and a large amount of air and moisture in the hydraulic medium are separated. The upward movement of the reciprocating vacuum pump is in the exhaust process, and the air and moisture separated out from the hydraulic medium are all exhausted to the atmosphere through the exhaust check valve 77. The hydraulic medium is reciprocated in such a way, thereby realizing the circular degassing and dehydration of the hydraulic medium; the oil-water separator 73 is built in the vacuum generator 75, automatically separates the hydraulic oil entering the vacuum generator 75, and discharges the separated water out of the oil tank body 1 along with the gas.
As shown in fig. 4, O represents oil, a represents gas, when the compound vacuum pump operates downwards (large black arrow in the figure), free air at the upper part of the oil tank body 1 and air and moisture (namely, small black arrow in the figure) dissolved in a hydraulic medium are separated from the air inlet check valve 72 through the damping channel 71, at this time, the high-speed stroke reversing valve 78 is not reversed, and the oil (dotted arrow in the figure) in the oil tank body 1 firstly passes through the filtering and cooling circulation mechanism 8 and then flows into the oil tank through the high-speed stroke reversing valve 78; as shown in fig. 5, O represents oil, a represents gas, when the compound vacuum pump moves downward to the maximum position and starts to move back, the high-speed stroke reversing valve 78 reverses, the oil (dotted arrow in the figure) in the oil tank body 1 enters the cavity at the lower end of the reciprocating vacuum pump through the high-speed stroke reversing valve 78 (the upper end of the cavity is in a negative pressure state due to the suction effect of the reciprocating vacuum pump) to further degas and dehydrate the oil, and the oil finally flows out from the opening at the lower end of the cavity.
In this embodiment, the filtering and cooling circulation mechanism 8 includes an oil suction filter 81 communicated with the oil tank body 1, a cooling circulation pump device 82 connected with the oil suction filter 81, a pressure oil filter 83 connected with the cooling circulation pump device 82, and a plate heat exchanger 84 connected with the pressure oil filter 83; the plate heat exchanger 84 is arranged in communication with the high speed stroke reversing valve 78. The filtering and cooling circulation mechanism 8 is mounted on the right side plate of the oil tank body 1. The hydraulic medium outlet of the plate heat exchanger 84 is connected to the inlet of the high-speed stroke reversing valve 78, so that the filtered and cooled hydraulic medium is delivered to the degassing and dehydrating device 7, and the circulating filtering cooling and degassing and dehydrating operations of the hydraulic medium in a closed device are realized. The plate heat exchanger 84 has the advantages of large heat dissipation area, high heat dissipation coefficient and good heat dissipation effect, and can quickly reduce the temperature of a hydraulic medium to be within 50 ℃, thereby prolonging the service life of oil and improving the quality of the oil. By selecting different types of filtering precision, the filtering precision of the hydraulic medium can be reduced to be within 3 mu m, and the requirements of different hydraulic systems on the hydraulic medium are met.
In this embodiment, the liquid-gas isolating mechanism 4 includes a bag-type energy accumulator 42 connected to the oil tank body 1, and a stop valve 41 disposed between the oil tank body 1 and the bag-type energy accumulator 42; the liquid-gas isolating mechanism 4 is arranged on the top plate of the oil tank body 1 and mainly comprises a stop valve 41 and a bag isolation type energy accumulator 42; the stop valve 41 is arranged between the top plate of the oil tank body 1 and the bag type energy accumulator 42 and is used for controlling the on-off of the hydraulic medium between the top plate and the bag type energy accumulator; according to the requirement of a hydraulic system, the pressure value of nitrogen in the bag-type accumulator 42 can reach 0.05 MPa-0.14 MPa, the liquid-gas isolating mechanism 4 not only effectively prevents the hydraulic medium in the oil tank body 1 from contacting with the atmosphere, but also keeps the relative pressure in the oil tank body 1 to be greater than 0MPa, so that the hydraulic pump has higher efficiency and can run at higher rotating speed without cavitation risk, the pump works quietly, and the problem of insufficient self-absorption capacity of the hydraulic pump is well solved.
In this embodiment, the high-speed stroke direction valve 78 is communicated with the inside of the tank body 1. When the filtering and cooling circulation mechanism 8 does not work, the degassing and dewatering work inside the oil tank can be realized through the arrangement mode of communicating the inside of the oil tank body 1 and the inside of the degassing and dewatering mechanism 7, namely, the hydraulic medium inside the oil tank body 1 sequentially passes through the damping channel 71, the air inlet one-way valve 72, the oil-water separator 73, the vacuum generator 75 and the high-speed stroke reversing valve 78 and flows back to the inside of the oil tank body 1, the gas is discharged from the exhaust one-way valve 77, and the degassing and dewatering mechanism 7 and the filtering and cooling circulation mechanism 8 can be matched for use and can be used independently.
In this embodiment, the degassing and dewatering mechanism 7 further includes a pressure gauge switch 74 connected to the damping channel 71, and a vacuum gauge 76 connected to the pressure gauge switch 74. The pressure gauge switch 74 controls the communication state of the vacuum gauge 76 and the degassing and dehydrating mechanism 7, and the working state of the degassing and dehydrating mechanism 7 can be well grasped by observing the indication number of the vacuum gauge 76. The degassing dehydration amount in unit time is mainly related to the vacuum degree, the viscosity of a hydraulic medium, the gas content in the medium, the medium temperature and the relative water vapor saturation, the hydraulic medium in the oil tank body 1 is subjected to circulating degassing dehydration, and the circulating degassing dehydration is performed through sampling detection, so that the water content is less than or equal to 10ppm and the gas content is less than or equal to 1 percent, and the use requirement is met.
In this embodiment, the side of the oil tank body 1 is provided with a magnetic turning plate liquid level meter 3 for detecting the liquid level. The liquid level meter is arranged on the left side surface of the oil tank body 1 and is used for measuring three different liquid level heights, namely a highest liquid level, a low liquid level and a lowest liquid level; this level gauge sets up automatic alarm and provides visual online data, when it detects minimum liquid level, can control the outage of main pump motor and make its stop motion, still installs heating device 5 and temperature-detecting device 6 on the oil tank body. The heating device 5 is an electric heating element for oil, which is arranged in the oil absorption area of the oil tank body 1 and can continuously heat the hydraulic medium in the oil tank body 1 and keep the temperature of the hydraulic medium not lower than 20 ℃. Temperature-detecting device 6 is temperature sensor, and this sensor is installed in the oil absorption district of oil tank body 1, can set up automatic alarm and provide visual online data, start heating device 5 work when it detects that hydraulic medium's temperature is less than 20 ℃ or start plate heat exchanger 84 work when the temperature is greater than 50 ℃, control heating device 5 and plate heat exchanger 84 stop work when the temperature is located between 20 ℃ to 50 ℃, can understand, to this technical scheme's detector, the concrete erection joint mode of sensor, adopt the connection mounting means among the prior art can, here does not do too much and describe repeatedly.
In this embodiment, a wave structure for lengthening the length of the flow channel is arranged inside the oil tank body 1; 1 inside runner of oil tank body adopts wavy structure, 1 inside including feed liquor oil pipe 12 of oil tank body, go out liquid oil pipe 14, two first guide plates 13 and second guide plate 11, and the position that is close to the bottom of the case has been seted up a row of diameters and has been the aperture about 1mm (perpendicular to plane of projection in the fig. 3 on two first guide plates 13, not shown), be used for handling the solid impurity at the end of sinking, and second guide plate 11 highly is greater than two first guide plate 13's height, this structure has that the runner is long, the velocity of flow is low, can fully separate the moisture in the hydraulic medium, the characteristics of air and precipitation pollution granule.
In this embodiment, the bottom of the oil tank body 1 forms an angle of 5 to 10 ° with respect to the horizontal direction (i.e. the horizontal direction in fig. 1), preferably, the inclined angle is 8 °, and the lowest point of the oil tank body 1 is provided with a liquid discharge stop valve 2 for discharging impurities. The stop valve 2 is assembled on the bottom plate of the oil tank body 1 close to the wall surface to thoroughly remove waste liquid and waste residue in the oil tank.
In this embodiment, the installation positions of the liquid level detection mechanism, the liquid-gas isolation mechanism 4, the degassing and dehydration mechanism 7, and the filtering and cooling circulation mechanism 8 can be adjusted in time as required, the hydraulic medium can be mineral oil type hydraulic oil, flame-retardant liquid and other media, the application range is wide, each component can be flexibly arranged according to actual needs, the integration level is high, the hydraulic medium has no secondary pollution, the device is simple and applicable, not only can the circulation cleaning under the off-line state be realized in an energy-saving manner, but also the filtering and purification under the on-line state can be realized, and various working conditions can be widely realized.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.