CN111035812A - 一种人源性细胞生物复合补片 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种人源性细胞生物复合补片。它具有人类来源的细胞,复合并在片状支架上生长复制,细胞分泌细胞外基质与支架结构相交联。这是一种活的补片组织。该补片可提供和自体腹壁组织匹配良好的顺应性,满足疝补片移植物所需要的力学性能,而且有助于宿主的腹壁组织细胞长入其中,而不形成瘢痕组织。人源性细胞可来源于各种人类组织来源的异体间质细胞或间充质干细胞,脐带血间充质干细胞;也可以包括异体内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物工程技术领域,具体涉及一种人源性细胞生物复合补片。
背景技术
干(gàn)细胞(stem cell)是一类具有自我复制能力(self-renewing)的多潜能细胞。在一定条件下,它可以分化成多种功能细胞。根据干细胞所处的发育阶段分为胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cell,ES细胞)和成体干细胞(somatic stem cell)。根据细胞的发育潜能分为三类:全能干细胞(totipotent stem cell,TSC)、多能干细胞(pluripotent stemcell)和单能干细胞(unipotent stem cell)(专能干细胞)。干细胞(Stem Cell)是一种未充分分化,尚不成熟的细胞,具有再生各种组织器官和人体的潜在功能,医学界称为″万用人源性细胞″。2013年12月1日,美国哥伦比亚大学医学研究中心的科学家首次成功地将人体干细胞转化成了功能性的肺细胞和呼吸道细胞。2014年4月,爱尔兰首个可用于人体的干细胞制造中心获得爱尔兰药品管理局的许可,在爱尔兰国立戈尔韦大学成立。
脐带血的采集是在新生儿出生以后,取婴儿端3-8cm脐带处两把止血钳结扎、断脐,婴儿被抱走处理,贴近母端止血钳处消毒并将针头插入脐静脉,采集脐血。脐血采集不同于传统的骨髓采集,不需要进行麻醉,无痛、无副作用胎盘和脐带原本在胎儿出生后,就是作为废物扔掉的,脐血采集是在胎盘、脐带与母体和胎儿完全分离以后进行的,因此对母亲和孩子没有任何不良影响,属于“废物利用,变废为宝”。脐带血里头含有大量的干细胞,称为脐带血干细胞,为胎儿制造血液和免疫细胞的主要来源;脐带血干细胞是人体重要干细胞,分布于多种器官组织中,具有再生各种组织器官的潜在功能。
1988年,Broxmyer等首先发现脐带血含有丰富的干细胞,可供造血干细胞移植。同年Gluckman等首次采用脐带血移植治疗1例5岁Fanconi贫血男性患儿,该患儿接受HLS相同同胞脐带血移植后至今生存已7年以上,现临床症状消失,性染色体、ABO抗原分析等显示100%造血干细胞为供血者来源。1995年,Wagner等总结了44例接受同胞的脐带血移植的各类白血病患者。中位年龄4.0岁,体重为18.6(7.5-50.0)kg;34例HLA完全匹配,4例1个抗原不匹配,1例2个抗原不匹配,5例3个抗原不匹配;输入的有核细胞数1×107/kg,CFU-GM4×104/kg。移植后中性粒细胞绝对数(ANC)≥0.5×109/L的中位时间为22(12-46)天,血小板≥50×109/L为48(15-100)天。移植成功时间与输入的有核细胞/kg或CFU-GM/kg无明显关系。约2/3患者给予了造血生长因子治疗,没有发现对造血恢复有明显提高。在100天内发生II-IV度GVHD的几率是3%,在1年内发生慢性GVHD的几率是6%,中位随访1.6年后,接受HLA抗原相同和1个抗原不匹配的实际生存率为72%。
脐带血具有种种优点,使其很有可能成为一种有效、经济、安全的造血干细胞来源。除加强HLA配型外,扩增脐带血祖细胞数量、改善提高移植效率、建立计算机联网的脐带血干细胞库,将使脐带血在造血干细胞移植、基因治疗等方面显示其广阔的应用前景。
疝气,即人体内某个脏器或组织离开其正常解剖位置,通过先天或后天形成的薄弱点、缺损或孔隙进入另一部位。常见的疝有脐疝,腹股沟直疝、斜疝,切口疝、手术复发疝、白线疝、股疝等。腹壁疝多由于咳嗽、喷嚏、用力过度、腹部肥胖、用力排便、妊娠、小儿过度啼哭、老年腹壁强度退行性改变等原因引起腹内压增高,迫使腹腔内的游离脏器如:小肠、盲肠、大网膜、膀胱、卵巢、输卵管等脏器通过人体正常的或不正常的薄弱点或缺损、孔隙进入另一部位。
疝修补片是疝修补材料的简称。近年来随着材料学的迅猛发展,各种疝修补材料已广泛应用到临床中,使得疝的治疗发生了根本的变化。目前临床上已有的疝修补的材料主要有如下缺点:
(1)不可降解材料补片:聚酯补片、聚丙烯补片、膨化聚四氟乙烯补片,容易发生感染、瘢痕、不适感、局部积液、纤维包膜的形成,若感染需取出;
(2)可降解材料补片:PLGA补片、PCL补片等可降解的合成高分子化合物,以及从天然物质中提取出的高分子化合物,如明胶、壳聚糖、透明质酸等制成的补片,降解时间不确定,存在过早降解的问题;
(3)动物源性补片:猪皮、猪小肠脱细胞的疝气补片,有潜在免疫原性或病毒感染风险;
(4)人源性补片:来源极度受限。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术缺陷,提供一种人源性细胞生物复合补片。
本发明的技术方案如下:一种人源性细胞生物复合补片,包括在手术时紧贴腹膜侧的一致密高分子纳米纤维层和一多孔支架层,多孔支架层覆盖在致密高分子纳米纤维层之上,多孔支架层内生长有人源性细胞及其生长增殖产生的细胞外基质;
多孔支架层的孔隙的大小允许上述人源性细胞长入,且孔隙间相通以允许上述细胞外基质相互连接;
上述致密高分子纳米纤维层由静电纺丝或3D打印制备而成,
上述多孔支架层由发泡快速冷冻成型或3D打印制备而成。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,所述致密高分子纳米纤维层的厚度为10-2000μm,其孔隙的直径为1-100μm,纤维直径为10-1000nm。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,所述多孔支架层的厚度为10-5000μm。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,所述致密高分子纳米纤维层的厚度为10-2000μm,其孔隙的直径为1-100μm,纤维直径为10-1000nm;所述多孔支架层的厚度为10-5000μm。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,所述致密高分子纳米纤维层的材质包括聚氨酯、聚四氟乙烯、膨化聚四氟乙烯、丝素蛋白、聚己内酯、聚乳酸、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚羟基乙酸、聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸、羧甲基纤维素、明胶、胶原、透明质酸、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和海洋动植物来源的高分子聚合物中的至少一种,该海洋动植物来源的高分子聚合物包括壳聚糖、羧甲基壳聚糖和海藻酸/海藻酸盐。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,所述多孔支架层的材质包括聚氨酯、聚四氟乙烯、膨化聚四氟乙烯、丝素蛋白、聚己内酯、聚乳酸、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚羟基乙酸、聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸、羧甲基淀粉、醋酸淀粉、羧甲基纤维素、明胶、胶原、透明质酸、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯、聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和海洋动植物来源的高分子聚合物中的至少一种,该海洋动植物来源的高分子聚合物包括壳聚糖、羧甲基壳聚糖和海藻酸/海藻酸盐。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,所述人源性细胞包括人类组织来源的异体间质细胞或间充质干细胞、脐带血间充质干细胞、异体内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明具有人源性细胞,可来源于各种人类组织来源的异体间质细胞或间充质干细胞,脐带血间充质干细胞;也可以包括异体内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞。本发明是一种活的补片组织,避免了免疫反应,提高了补片的组织相容性,同时可提供和腹壁组织匹配良好的顺应性,满足疝补片所需要的力学性能,人体正常的组织细胞可长入其中,而不形成瘢痕组织。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1制得的人源性细胞生物复合补片的外观照片。
图2为本发明实施例1中的PCL为主体、明胶为辅的静电纺丝所得的致密高分子纳米纤维层的扫描电镜照片。
图3为本发明实施例1中的PCL为主体的多孔支架层的扫描电镜照片。
图4为本发明实施例1制得的生物复合补片(不含细胞)的拉伸力测试结果图。
图5为本发明实施例1步骤(4)所得的物料移植于腹股沟疝部位6个月后的解剖图。
图6为本发明实施例1制得的生物复合补片(不含细胞)移植于大鼠6个月后的外观照片。
图7为本发明实施例2中PVA静电纺丝所得的致密纳米纤维层的扫描电镜照片。
图8为本发明实施例2中明胶溶液发泡所得的多孔支架层的扫描电镜照片。
图9为本发明实施例3中PLA-collagen复合静电纺丝所得的致密纳米纤维层的扫描电镜照片。
图10为本发明实施例3中PVA的多孔支架层的扫描电镜照片。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行进一步的说明和描述。
实施例1
本实施例制备的人源性脐带血干细胞生物复合补片的外观如图1所示,包括致密高分子纳米纤维层和多孔支架层,其制备方法具体如下:
(1)将PCL和明胶以7∶3的质量比溶解于六氟异丙醇中,形成6wt%的溶液,即获得静电纺丝原液;
(2)将上述静电纺丝原液进行静电纺丝,获得如图2所示的致密高分子纳米纤维层(厚度为200μm、平均孔隙5-10μm、纤维直径200nm-400nm);
静电纺丝参数控制
(3)称取7.7g的PCL和6g的300-500μm大小的NaCl颗粒,溶解于90mL二氯甲烷中,300rpm搅拌溶解;再加入40mL去离子水,继续搅拌1h,得到发泡液;
(4)在步骤(2)制得的致密高分子纳米纤维层的上表面均匀涂抹上述发泡液,于-80℃进行预冷冻处理,再于-4℃进行冷冻真空干燥24h。之后用去离子水浸泡72h,期间适时换水,去除其中NaCl,再用石油醚浸泡24h,70%酒精消毒,即可获得如图3所示的2mm厚的多孔支架层。
对步骤(4)所得的物料分别进行了拉伸力检测和组织相容性检测。如图4所示,材料拉伸性能良好;如图5所示,将其移植于大鼠体内后吸收良好,6个月后已经完全吸收。如图6所示,本实施例制得的生物复合补片(无细胞)在移植大鼠(在图中剃毛部分右边部位)后6个月,没有看到有瘢痕产生。
(5)常温下,将基质胶(BD MatrigelTM基底膜基质,GFR,无酚红,货号:356231)化为溶液,通过移液枪将1-2mL该溶液加入到步骤(4)所得的多孔支架层中,并包被其中,接着置于细胞培养箱进行平衡;将快速解冻的人源性脐带血干细胞离心将其逐滴加入含有人脐带血干细胞完全培养基的15mL离心管中,1000rpm离心3min;离心后弃上清,加1mL人脐带血干细胞完全培养基对沉淀进行吹吸混匀;吹吸均匀后,将已经平衡好的多孔支架层内的基质胶弃掉,将吹吸均匀的干细胞悬液加入其中,使细胞均匀分布;然后置于37℃2,5%CO2的恒温培养箱培养4h,加人脐带血干细胞完全培养基1mL;从复苏的时间开始每1-2天换液一次;培养1-3天后,即得所述人源性细胞生物复合补片,以备移植。
上述人脐带血干细胞完全培养基的配制方法包括:将脐带血干细胞无酚红培养基500mL(BM0008)、胎牛血清25mL(BM0001)和脐带血干细胞培养添加物1mL,(BM0003)在37℃解冻并迅速混合,为防污染,再加1%双抗。
实施例2
(1)将PVA(MW:90000-130000)溶解于水,形成10wt%的纺丝溶液,获得静电纺丝原液;
(2)将上述静电纺丝原液进行静电纺丝,获得致密高分子纳米纤维层(厚度为20-500μm、平均空隙2-10μm、纤维直径200nm-400nm),其扫描电镜结果如图7所示;
静电纺丝参数控制
(3)称取10g的明胶,50℃水浴下溶解于100mL去离子水中,1000rpm的机械转速下发泡,直至形成稳定的发泡液,将其均匀涂抹于上述致密高分子纳米纤维层的表面,-20℃冷冻定型,室温真空干燥即得厚度为1mm的多孔支架层,该多孔支架层的微观结构如图8中所示的扫描电镜结果。
(4)将层黏连蛋白溶液(20μg/mL)1-2mL,包被在上述多孔支架层内,置于细胞培养箱进行平衡4h;将离心好的的人源性脐带血间充质干细胞加1mL人间充质干细胞培养基对细胞沉淀进行吹吸混匀;吹吸均匀后,将已经平衡好的多孔支架层中的液体用真空泵吸去弃掉,将吹吸均匀的细胞悬液200μL-1mL加入其中,使细胞均匀分布;然后置于37℃,5%CO2的恒温培养箱培养4h,加培养基3mL;从复苏的时间开始每1-2天换液一次;培养1-3天后,即得所述人源性细胞生物复合补片,以备移植。
上述间充质干细胞培养基是专门为人类间充质干细胞体外培养所设计的、最适合其生长的培养基。是经灭菌的液体培养基,包含必需和非必需氨基酸、维生素、有机和无机化合物、激素、生长因子、微量矿物质和低浓度胎牛血清(5%)。该培养基缓冲体系为重碳酸盐,在含5%CO2的细胞培养箱中平衡后pH值为7.4。该培养基的配方能够选择性的促进正常人类微血管内皮细胞体外培养中的增殖和生长,可以达到最理想营养平衡状态。
具体的,该间充质干细胞培养基包含500mL基础培养基,25mL胎牛血清(FBS,Cat.No.0025),5mL间充质干细胞生长添加物(MSCGS,Cat.No.7552)和5mL青霉素/链霉素溶液(P/S,Cat.No.0503).
实施例3
(1)将PLA、collagen以9∶1的质量比溶解于六氟异丙醇中,形成10wt%的溶液,即获得静电纺丝原液;
(2)将上述静电纺丝原液进行静电纺丝,获得致密高分子纳米纤维层(厚度为50-100μm、平均空隙2-10μm、纤维直径200nm-400nm),其扫描电镜结果如图9所示;
静电纺丝参数控制
(3)称取2g的PVA(MW:90000-130000),溶解于100mL含的去离子水中,将其倒入铺有上述致密高分子纳米纤维层的模具中,-20℃冷冻定型,室温真空干燥即得厚度为2mm的多孔支架层,多孔支架层的微观结构如图10中所示的扫描电镜结果。
(4)在多孔层种植人平滑肌细胞,种植方法同实施例2。
(5)平滑肌细胞培养基包含500mL基础培养基,10mL胎牛血清(FBS,Cat.No.0010)5mL平滑肌细胞生长因子(SMCGS,Cat.No.1152)、5mL青霉素/链霉素溶液(P/S,Cat.No.0503)。
实施例4
(1)将PCL、溶解于六氟异丙醇中,形成10wt%的溶液,壳聚糖溶于三氟乙酸,形成1%的溶液,获得静电纺丝原液;
(2)将上述静电纺丝原液采用双喷头进行静电纺丝,获得致密高分子纳米纤维层(厚度为50-100μm、平均空隙2-10μm、纤维直径200nm-400nm),其扫描电镜结果如图9所示;
静电纺丝参数控制
(3)称取2g的PVA(MW:89000-98000),溶解于100mL含的去离子水中,将其倒入铺有上述致密高分子纳米纤维层的模具中,-20℃冷冻定型,室温真空干燥即得厚度为2mm的多孔支架层,多孔支架层的微观结构如图10中所示的扫描电镜结果。
(4)在多孔层种植人内皮细胞,种植方法同实施例2。
(5)内皮细胞培养基来自上海中桥新舟科技有限公司,是专门为正常人类微血管内皮细胞体外培养设计的最适于其生长的完全培养基。是经灭菌的液体培养基,包含必需和非必需氨基酸、维生素、有机和无机化合物、激素、生长因子、微量矿物质和低浓度胎牛血清(5%)。该培养基缓冲体系为重碳酸盐,在含5%CO2的细胞培养箱中平衡后pH值为7.4。该培养基的配方能够选择性的促进正常人类微血管内皮细胞体外培养中的增殖和生长,并为其达到最理想营养平衡状态。
内皮细胞培养基包含500mL基础培养基,25mL胎牛血清(FBS,Cat.No.0025)、5mL内皮细胞生长因子(ECGS,Cat.No.1052)、5mL青霉素/链霉素溶液(P/S,Cat.No.0503)。
以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,故不能依此限定本发明实施的范围,即依本发明专利范围及说明书内容所作的等效变化与修饰,皆应仍属本发明涵盖的范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种人源性细胞生物复合补片,其特征在于:包括在手术时紧贴腹膜侧的一致密高分子纳米纤维层和一多孔支架层,多孔支架层覆盖在致密高分子纳米纤维层之上,多孔支架层内生长有人源性细胞及其生长增殖产生的细胞外基质;
多孔支架层的孔隙的大小允许上述人源性细胞长入,且孔隙间相通以允许上述细胞外基质相互连接;
上述致密高分子纳米纤维层由静电纺丝或3D打印制备而成,
上述多孔支架层由发泡快速冷冻成型或3D打印制备而成。
2.如权利要求1所述的人源性细胞生物复合补片,其特征在于:所述致密高分子纳米纤维层的厚度为10-2000μm,其孔隙的直径为1-100μm,纤维直径为10-1000nm。
3.如权利要求1所述的人源性细胞生物复合补片,其特征在于:所述多孔支架层的厚度为10-5000μm。
4.如权利要求1所述的人源性细胞生物复合补片,其特征在于:所述致密高分子纳米纤维层的厚度为10-2000μm,其孔隙的直径为1-100μm,纤维直径为10-1000nm;所述多孔支架层的厚度为10-5000μm。
5.如权利要求1所述的人源性细胞生物复合补片,其特征在于:所述致密高分子纳米纤维层的材质包括聚氨酯、聚四氟乙烯、膨化聚四氟乙烯、丝素蛋白、聚己内酯、聚乳酸、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚羟基乙酸、聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸、羧甲基纤维素、明胶、胶原、透明质酸、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和海洋动植物来源的高分子聚合物中的至少一种,该海洋动植物来源的高分子聚合物包括壳聚糖、羧甲基壳聚糖和海藻酸/海藻酸盐。
6.如权利要求1所述的人源性细胞生物复合补片,其特征在于:所述多孔支架层的材质包括聚氨酯、聚四氟乙烯、膨化聚四氟乙烯、丝素蛋白、聚己内酯、聚乳酸、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚羟基乙酸、聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸、羧甲基淀粉、醋酸淀粉、羧甲基纤维素、明胶、胶原、透明质酸、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯、聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和海洋动植物来源的高分子聚合物中的至少一种,该海洋动植物来源的高分子聚合物包括壳聚糖、羧甲基壳聚糖和海藻酸/海藻酸盐。
7.如权利要求1所述的人源性细胞生物复合补片,其特征在于:所述人源性细胞包括人类组织来源的异体间质细胞或间充质干细胞、脐带血间充质干细胞、异体内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞。
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