CN111007060A - 一种低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定方法及装置 - Google Patents
一种低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定方法及装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定方法及装置,该方法是首先将待测样品放入避光箱内的散光板前,在避光箱内暗白色散射光下与低温无精炼工艺茶籽油标样进行比色,所述标样的透射光为带有荧光感的黄绿色;若待测样品与标样的透射光颜色接近,则可判定待测样品为低温无精炼工艺茶籽油;若待测样品的透射光中没有荧光感的黄绿色,只有纯粹的黄棕色或者无色,则可判定该待测样品是高温有精炼工艺茶籽油或者根本就不是茶籽油。本发明根据低温无精炼工艺茶籽油在暗白色散射光透射时呈现的颜色不同的特点来进行鉴别,利用这种颜色的差异,可以迅速对成品油的生产工艺作出判断,同时也是对成品油的营养价值作出了判断。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定方法及装置,属于茶籽油鉴定技术领域。
背景技术
茶属(Camellia L)茶科植物,约220种,我国有190余种;其中最有经济价值的有茶树(C.sinensis Kuntze)、油茶树(C.oleifera Abel)、广宁油茶树(C.semiserrata Chi)及山茶树(C.japonica L.)。目前市场上出售的以茶属(Camellia L)茶科植物种子为原料生产的食用油主要为油茶籽油(山茶籽油)及茶叶籽油,其中油茶籽油是用油茶树(Camelliaoleifera)种子为原料生产的木本植物食用油,茶叶籽油是用茶叶树(Camellia sinensis)种子为原料生产的新型木本植物食用油。此两种木本植物食用油除了具有一般食用油的用途外,因其富含不饱和脂肪酸、维生素E、茶多酚和茶碱等成分,还具有保健功能;现代医学研究表明,此两种木本植物食用油中的生物活性成分具有防治心脑血管疾病、降血压、抗辐射、抗氧化、美容养颜、延缓衰老及润肠通便等作用,他们因此被誉为东方橄榄油,其中茶叶籽油还被指定为我国航天员食用油。
目前的油茶籽油及茶叶籽油生产工艺主要有热压榨工艺、冷榨工艺、发酵工艺、水酶工艺、一般溶剂浸出工艺、二氧化碳超临界萃取工艺等,这些不同生产工艺之间虽然各有优势与劣势,但从其所产成品油的品质出发,可将其分为三类:高温有精炼工艺、低温无精炼工艺及低温有精炼工艺。高温精炼工艺包括热压榨工艺、一般溶剂浸出工艺、二氧化碳超临界萃取工艺等,此类工艺生产过程中需要较高的温度及精炼环节,这种高温及精炼环节会导致茶籽毛油特有的营养成分(油品附加物)大量损失或失去生理活性,从而失去此两种高档木本植物油的高档营养特性。低温无精炼工艺包括发酵工艺、冷榨工艺、水酶工艺,其生产过程中没有高温过程,能最大限度保留油茶籽及茶叶籽成品油特有的营养成分(油品附加物),但冷榨工艺的油茶籽及茶叶籽毛油具有苦涩味及天然臭味,有些厂家为了去除该苦涩味及天然臭味,也会对其进行高温精炼——前面的“低温有精炼工艺”,加入了精炼环节的低温工艺油茶籽及茶叶籽油、其营养成分与高温有精炼工艺差别不大,因而其所谓的低温优势也就名存实亡了,所以,可以将其归为高温有精炼工艺类别。
综上所述,根据生产工艺不同可以将成品茶籽油(包括所有以茶属(Camellia L)茶科植物种子为原料做成的食用油)分为二类:高温有精炼工艺成品茶籽油和低温无精炼工艺成品茶籽油;从营养品质上讲,以低温无精炼工艺成品茶籽油最好,茶籽油特有的营养成分保留最多,当然,其生产成本也最高。因此,成品茶籽油市场上经常会用高温有精炼工艺成品茶籽油冒充低温无精炼工艺成品茶籽油出售,以赚取更大的的利润,消费者掏了高价,却没有买到真正的、具有高营养价值的低温无精炼工艺成品茶籽油。
到目前为止,尚无能够快速将高温有精炼工艺成品茶籽油与低温无精炼工艺成品茶籽油区别开的方法与装置。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种操作简单、鉴定结果可靠、成本低的低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定方法及装置,以达到快速、准确地鉴别低温无精炼工艺茶籽油的目的。
本发明的技术方案为:一种低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定方法,首先将待测样品放入避光箱内的散光板前,在避光箱内暗白色散射光透射条件下、与低温无精炼工艺茶籽油标样进行比色,所述标样的透射光为带有荧光感的黄绿色;若待测样品与标样的透射光颜色接近,则可判定待测样品为低温无精炼工艺茶籽油;若待测样品的透射光中没有荧光感的黄绿色,只有纯粹的黄棕色或者无色,则可判定该待测样品是高温有精炼工艺茶籽油或者根本就不是茶籽油。
此处的荧光感绿色是由低温工艺茶籽油样品中具有生物活性的附加物(茶籽油特有的高营养价值成分)受短波光激发而产生的,由于高温工艺茶籽油样品的附加物失去了生物活性、或附加成分已被精炼过程去除,因而不能被短波光激发出荧光感绿色。而这些附加物正是高档茶籽油营养特殊性的体现,这些附加物质失去活性、或被从油品中去除,则这种高档茶籽油的高档性会大打折扣。
上述方法中,若待测样品的透射光中绿色成分比标样明显变淡,其原因有二:1)该待测样品是低温无精炼工艺茶籽油,但出厂时间已超过18个月;2)该待测样品是低温无精炼工艺茶籽油中勾兑了非低温无精炼工艺茶籽油或非茶籽油,勾兑的非低温无精炼工艺茶籽油或非茶籽油越多,绿色就会越淡。
上述方法中,所述避光箱内,以观测者位置为参照,待测样品无侧射光及入射光。
上述方法中,所述暗白色散射光的光源功率为5~15W;色温为5500K以上;所述散光板采用PC塑料或其他乳白色材料制作而成的匀光板;暗白色散射光光源与散光板组合后无肉眼可见的明显光斑,且光强小于100lux。
上述方法中,所述待测样品可放入比色杯里面进行比色,如果待测样品采用无色透明玻璃瓶或塑料瓶包装,也可直接将瓶装待测样品放入避光箱内进行比色。
上述方法中,所述低温无精炼工艺茶籽油标样为“贵州元亨山茶叶籽生物科技有限公司”生产的发酵工艺油茶籽油及茶叶籽油,该产品质量满足国家油茶籽油质量标准(GB11765)及茶叶籽油国家标准(GB35026),无苦、涩、辣、怪之味,无食品添加剂,且富含茶籽油特有的营养成分。
同时,本发明还提供一种基于上述方法的低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定装置,该装置包括避光箱及暗白色光源,所述避光箱为五面密封、一面开口的箱子,在箱子开口的对面壁板前面安装有散光板,在散光板后面安装有暗白色光源。
进一步,所述避光箱的内壁为黑色绒面。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:本发明根据低温无精炼工艺茶籽油在暗白色散射光透射时呈现的颜色不同的特点来进行鉴别,利用这种颜色的差异,可以迅速对成品油的生产工艺作出判断,同时也是对成品油的营养价值作出了判断。
附图说明:
图1为本发明的低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
本发明的实施例:参见图1,本发明的一种低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定装置,该装置包括避光箱1及暗白色光源3,所述避光箱1为五面密封、一面开口的箱子,在避光箱1开口的对面壁板前面安装有散光板2,在散光板2后面安装有暗白色光源3。所述避光箱1的内壁为黑色绒面,以尽量降低杂光反射到待测样品上;整个避光箱1用于避开投射到待测样品上的侧射光及入射光。
本发明的一种低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定方法,首先将待测样品放入避光箱1内的散光板2前,在避光箱1内暗白色光源3发出的暗白色散射光透射条件下、与低温无精炼工艺茶籽油标样进行比色,所述标样的透射光为带有荧光感的黄绿色;若待测样品与标样的透射光颜色接近,则可判定待测样品为低温无精炼工艺茶籽油;若待测样品的透射光中没有荧光感的黄绿色,只有纯粹的黄棕色或者无色,则可判定该待测样品是高温有精炼工艺茶籽油或者根本就不是茶籽油。所述暗白色光源3的功率为10W;色温为6000K;所述散光板2是采用PC塑料制作而成的的乳白色匀光板;暗白色光源3产生的暗白色散射光与散光板2组合后无肉眼可见的明显光斑,且光强小于100lux。
上述方法中,若待测样品的透射光中绿色成分比标样明显变淡,虽然可判定待测样品是低温无精炼工艺茶籽油,但出厂时间至少已超过一年,或者是低温无精炼工艺茶籽油中勾兑了非低温无精炼工艺茶籽油或非茶籽油,勾兑的非低温无精炼工艺茶籽油或非茶籽油越多,绿色就会越淡。
上述方法中,所述待测样品可放入比色杯里面进行比色,如果待测样品为采用无色透明玻璃瓶或塑料瓶包装的市售产品,也可直接将此瓶装待测市售产品直接放入避光箱1内进行比色。
上述方法中,所述低温无精炼工艺茶籽油标样为“贵州元亨山茶叶籽生物科技有限公司”生产的发酵工艺油茶籽油及茶叶籽油,该产品质量满足国家油茶籽油质量标准(GB11765)及茶叶籽油国家标准(GB35026),无苦、涩、辣、怪之味,无食品添加剂,且富含茶籽油特有的营养成分(油品附加物)。
这里需要特别指出的是,GB11765及GB35026质量标准对茶籽油味道的要求为:“具有茶籽油固有的滋味、无异味”,这里的固有滋味界定是模糊的。茶籽油产区的人都知道,茶籽油天生的就具有苦涩味及臭味,而且产区的部分人也接受这种天生的苦涩味及臭味,这种天生的味道算不算“固有滋味”?但是,非产区的大部分人是不能接受这种固有味道的;而“贵州元亨山茶叶籽生物科技有限公司”生产的发酵工艺茶籽油是没有这种“固有的苦涩味及臭味”的,该公司的产品既能满足低温无精炼工艺茶籽油光学特性要求,又能满足无苦涩味及臭味的要求;因此,低温工艺茶籽油鉴别器才选用“贵州元亨山茶叶籽生物科技有限公司”生产的发酵工艺茶籽油作为标样。
以上所述实施方式及应用领域仅为本发明的优选实施例,而并非本发明可行实施的穷举。对于本领域一般技术人员而言,在不背离本发明原理和精神的前提下对其所做出的任何显而易见的改动及应用领域的拓广,都应当被认为包含在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定方法,其特征在于:首先将待测样品放入避光箱内的散光板前,在避光箱内暗白色散射光透射条件下、与低温无精炼工艺茶籽油标样进行比色,所述标样的透射光为带有荧光感的黄绿色;若待测样品与标样的透射光颜色接近,则可判定待测样品为低温无精炼工艺茶籽油;若待测样品的透射光中没有荧光感的黄绿色,只有纯粹的黄棕色或者无色,则可判定该待测样品是高温有精炼工艺茶籽油或者根本就不是茶籽油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定方法,其特征在于:若待测样品的透射光中绿色成分比标样明显变淡,其原因有二:1)该待测样品是低温无精炼工艺茶籽油,但出厂时间已超过18个月;2)该待测样品是低温无精炼工艺茶籽油中勾兑了非低温无精炼工艺茶籽油或非茶籽油,勾兑的非低温无精炼工艺茶籽油或非茶籽油越多,绿色就会越淡。
3.根据权利要求1所述的低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定方法,其特征在于:所述避光箱内,以观测者位置为参照,待测样品无侧射光及入射光。
4.根据权利要求1所述的低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定方法,其特征在于:所述暗白色散射光的光源功率为5~15W;色温为5500K以上;所述散光板采用PC塑料或其他乳白色材料制作而成的匀光板;暗白色散射光光源与散光板组合后无肉眼可见的明显光斑,且光强小于100lux。
5.根据权利要求1所述的低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定方法,其特征在于:所述待测样品可放入比色杯里面进行比色,如果待测样品采用无色透明玻璃瓶或塑料瓶包装,也可直接将瓶装待测样品放入避光箱内进行比色。
6.根据权利要求1所述的低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定方法,其特征在于:所述低温无精炼工艺茶籽油标样为“贵州元亨山茶叶籽生物科技有限公司”生产的发酵工艺油茶籽油及茶叶籽油,该产品质量满足国家油茶籽油质量标准(GB11765)及茶叶籽油国家标准(GB35026),无苦、涩、辣、怪之味,无食品添加剂,且富含茶籽油特有的营养成分。
7.一种基于权利要求1~6任意一项所述方法的低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定装置,其特征在于:该装置包括避光箱(1)及暗白色光源(3),所述避光箱(1)为五面密封、一面开口的箱子,在避光箱(1)开口的对面壁板前面安装有散光板(2),在散光板(2)后面安装有暗白色光源(3)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的低温无精炼工艺茶籽油鉴定装置,其特征在于:所述避光箱(1)的内壁为黑色绒面。
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