CN110848698A - A solid waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and discloses a solid waste treatment device, which comprises: the device comprises a high-temperature cracking cavity, a material inlet and a material outlet, wherein the two ends of the high-temperature cracking cavity are respectively provided with the material inlet and the material outlet; the power device is arranged at one end of the pyrolysis cavity and is used for driving the pyrolysis cavity to rotate; the spiral impeller is arranged inside the pyrolysis cavity; the gas treatment device is communicated with the pyrolysis cavity; and the slag discharging port is positioned below the high-temperature cracking cavity. This solid waste treatment equipment is provided with the pyrolysis chamber and carries out the pyrolysis treatment to solid waste, has very high pyrolysis efficiency, is provided with gas treatment device simultaneously and handles the gas that solid waste pyrolysis produced, avoids discharging toxic gas.

Description

A solid waste treatment equipment

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to solid waste treatment equipment.

Background technique

Solid waste refers to the solid, semi-solid and gaseous objects and substances in containers that have lost their original use value or have not lost their use value but are discarded or abandoned in human production and construction, daily life, and other activities. Articles and substances subject to solid waste management as stipulated by laws and administrative regulations. Solid waste has a wide range of sources, a wide variety, high output, complex composition, heavy workload of collection, transportation, and disposal, and high difficulty. If it is not handled properly, it will pollute the environment, spread diseases, and affect and hinder the development of society. The main components of solid waste are complex organic compounds, which are limited by the high cost of conversion into material separation. Therefore, the best way to convert solid waste into energy is to use thermochemical methods, that is, direct incineration or conversion into gas and fuel oil. However, in the prior art, the pyrolysis efficiency of solid waste is not high, which leads to the generation of toxic gases such as dioxins, and causes secondary pollution.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem of the prior art that the pyrolysis efficiency of solid waste is not high, resulting in the generation of toxic gas, and to provide a solid waste treatment equipment, which is provided with a high-temperature cracking chamber to heat the solid waste. It has high pyrolysis efficiency, and a gas treatment device is installed to treat the gas generated by the pyrolysis of solid waste, so as to avoid the discharge of toxic gases.

In order to achieve the above object, embodiments of the present invention provide a solid waste treatment equipment, including:

a high temperature cracking chamber, the two ends of the high temperature cracking chamber are respectively provided with a material inlet and a material outlet;

a power device, the power device is arranged at one end of the high-temperature cracking chamber, and the power device is used to drive the high-temperature cracking chamber to rotate;

a spiral impeller, which is arranged inside the high temperature cracking chamber;

a gas treatment device, the gas treatment device is communicated with the high temperature cracking chamber;

A slag discharge port, the slag discharge port is located below the high temperature cracking chamber.

Preferably, the solid waste treatment equipment further comprises a reverse conveying device arranged on the outer wall of the high temperature cracking chamber, and the reverse conveying device is used for conveying the material flowing out from the material outlet to the material inlet The slag discharge port is located on the side of the material inlet.

Preferably, the reverse conveying device includes a plurality of hook claws, and the plurality of hook claws are uniformly distributed annularly along the outer wall of the pyrolysis chamber and closely arranged along the length direction of the pyrolysis chamber.

Preferably, the hook has an installation inclination opposite to the advancing direction of the material in the pyrolysis chamber, and the hook has a receiving surface for receiving the material.

Preferably, the material outlet of the solid waste treatment equipment includes a plurality of overflow holes opened on the pyrolysis chamber.

Preferably, the solid waste treatment equipment further includes a heat preservation chamber, and the heat preservation chamber is formed by a heat preservation outer cover arranged around the high temperature cracking chamber.

Preferably, the gas treatment device includes a gas discharge pipeline and a gas return pipeline, and the gas return pipeline communicates with the heat preservation cavity.

Preferably, the outlet of the gas discharge conduit communicates with the water vapor container.

Preferably, an electric ignition device is arranged in the heat preservation cavity, and the solid waste treatment equipment further includes an air supplementary pipe communicated with the heat preservation cavity.

Preferably, the interior of the solid waste treatment equipment is further provided with a counter-spiral impeller that is opposite to the direction of rotation of the spiral impeller.

Through the above technical solutions, the solid waste treatment equipment provided by the embodiments of the present invention is provided with a high-temperature cracking chamber for pyrolysis treatment of solid waste, which has a high pyrolysis efficiency, and a gas treatment device is also provided for solid waste pyrolysis. Gas treatment to avoid the discharge of toxic gases.

Description of drawings

1 shows a perspective view of a solid waste treatment device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a solid waste treatment device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a reverse conveying device of a solid waste treatment equipment provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a hook of a solid waste treatment equipment provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals

1 High temperature cracking chamber 2 Material inlet

3 material outlet 4 power unit

5 Spiral impeller 6 Gas treatment device

7 slag discharge port 8 hook

9 Insulation cavity 10 Insulation cover

11 Air supplementary duct 12 Reverse spiral impeller

61 Gas discharge pipeline 62 Gas return pipeline

81 receiving surface

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

1 shows a perspective view of a solid waste treatment device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows a cross-sectional view of the solid waste treatment device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. An embodiment of the present invention provides a solid waste treatment equipment, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 , the solid waste treatment equipment may include:

The high temperature cracking chamber 1, the two ends of the high temperature cracking chamber 1 can be respectively provided with a material inlet 2 and a material outlet 3;

The power device 4, the power device 4 can be arranged at one end of the high temperature cracking chamber 1, and the power device 4 can be used to drive the high temperature cracking chamber 1 to rotate;

Spiral impeller 5, the spiral impeller 5 can be arranged inside the high temperature cracking chamber 1;

A gas processing device 6, which can be communicated with the high temperature cracking chamber 1;

The slag discharge port 7 can be located below the high temperature cracking chamber 1 .

The solid waste treatment equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a high-temperature cracking chamber 1 with a temperature as high as 200-300° C. The high-temperature cracking chamber 1 is rotated under the driving of the power device 4 , and a spiral impeller 5 is arranged in the high-temperature cracking chamber 1 for conveying The solid waste spirals forward, and the solid waste undergoes a pyrolysis reaction at high temperature. The solid waste treatment equipment has high pyrolysis efficiency, and is also provided with a gas treatment device 6 to treat the gas generated by the solid waste pyrolysis, so as to avoid the discharge of toxic gases.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature cracking chamber 1 of the solid waste treatment equipment is an oxygen-free environment, and the solid waste after being cracked by the high-temperature cracking chamber 1 is gradually converted into combustible gas and incompletely converted solid waste residue, if it is directly discharged , this part of the incompletely converted solid waste residue will be carbonized in the accumulation, and a carbon protective layer will be formed on the outside of the material, so that the material cannot be further converted. In view of the above technical problems, in an embodiment of the present invention, the solid waste treatment equipment may further include a reverse conveying device disposed on the outer wall of the pyrolysis chamber 1 , and the reverse conveying device may follow the pyrolysis chamber 1 together. Rotate and transport the incompletely converted solid waste from the material outlet 3 to one side of the material inlet 2, the reverse conveying device is an oxygen environment, and the incompletely converted solid waste is reheated during the reverse conveying process. Therefore, the pyrolysis efficiency is further improved, and the formation of a carbonized layer on the surface of the incompletely converted solid waste is avoided. The slag discharge port 7 of the solid waste treatment equipment is located on one side of the material inlet 2, and the fully converted solid waste slag conveyed by the reverse conveying device is discharged from the slag discharge port 7 for further utilization.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a reverse conveying device of a solid waste treatment equipment provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3 , in an embodiment of the present invention, the reverse conveying device of the solid waste treatment equipment may include a plurality of hook claws 8 , and the plurality of hook claws 8 may be annularly uniform along the outer wall of the pyrolysis chamber 1 . The cloth is closely arranged along the length direction of the pyrolysis chamber 1 , and the hook 8 has an installation inclination opposite to the advancing direction of the material in the pyrolysis chamber 1 . A plurality of hooks 8 are distributed from the material outlet 3 to the material inlet 2, thereby completing the reverse conveying process. In addition, during the reverse conveying process, the hook 8 can peel off the carbon protective layer that may be formed by the incompletely converted solid waste residue, so as to realize further conversion of the solid waste residue.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a hook of a solid waste treatment equipment provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4 , in an embodiment of the present invention, the hook 8 of the solid waste treatment equipment may have a receiving surface 81 for receiving materials. The receiving surfaces 81 of all the hooks 8 form a rotating outer cover (as shown in FIG. 3 ) arranged outside the pyrolysis chamber 1 for receiving the incompletely converted solid waste flowing out from the material outlet 3 , and because of the hooks 8. There is an installation inclination opposite to the advancing direction of the material in the high-temperature cracking chamber 1, and the installation inclination makes the incompletely converted solid waste slag advance in the opposite direction to the advancing direction of the material in the high-temperature cracking chamber 1, so as to realize the reverse to delivery.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in an embodiment of the present invention, the material outlet 3 of the solid waste treatment equipment may include a plurality of overflow holes opened on the pyrolysis chamber 1 . Specifically, please refer to FIG. 3 , each overflow hole may correspond to a hook 8, and the incompletely converted solid waste flowing out of the overflow hole will fall on the receiving surface 81 of a hook 8, and the hook 8 rotates After reaching the highest point, the solid waste residue on the receiving surface 81 of the hook 8 falls onto the outer wall of the pyrolysis chamber 1. Due to the existence of the installation inclination of the hook 8, the part of the solid waste is located at the obliquely lower hook of the hook 8. Above the bearing surface 81, after continuing to rotate, this part of the solid waste slag falls on the bearing surface 81 of the hook 8 which is obliquely below, thus, the incompletely converted solid waste slag flowing out from the material outlet 3 is reversed step by step The side of the inlet 2 for conveying stolen materials.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in an embodiment of the present invention, the solid waste treatment equipment may further include a heat preservation chamber 9 surrounded by a heat preservation cover 10 disposed around the high temperature cracking chamber 1 . The internal temperature of the heat preservation chamber 9 is about 450°C. The heat preservation chamber 9 can be used to maintain the high temperature inside the high temperature cracking chamber 1 and also be used for the secondary pyrolysis of the incompletely converted solid waste residue.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in an embodiment of the present invention, the gas treatment device 7 of the solid waste treatment equipment may include a gas discharge pipe 61 and a gas return pipe 62 , and the gas return pipe 61 may communicate with the heat preservation chamber 9 . Further, an electric ignition device (not shown) is arranged in the heat preservation chamber 9 , and the solid waste treatment equipment may further include an air supplementary pipe 11 communicating with the heat preservation chamber 9 . The initial preheating of the heat preservation chamber 9 is to use an electric ignition device to ignite the combustion-supporting substances (oil, coal, natural gas, etc.). Supplementary combustion aids are needed, and a part of the combustible gas generated after the solid waste is cracked by the high temperature cracking chamber 1 can enter the heat preservation chamber 9 from the gas return pipe 62, and continue to burn as a supplementary heat source, thereby increasing the heat for the heat preservation chamber 9 and the high temperature cracking chamber 1. Maintaining a high temperature, the air supplementary pipe 11 can supplement oxygen for the combustion process and provide an oxygenated environment for the secondary pyrolysis of the incompletely converted solid waste flowing out from the material outlet 3 . Through such a clever and unique design, on the one hand, the secondary pyrolysis of the incompletely converted solid waste residue is realized, the pyrolysis efficiency is improved, and the formation of a carbonized layer on the surface of the incompletely converted solid waste residue is avoided; The full utilization of the equipment and the continuous operation performance of the equipment, the solid waste treatment equipment does not need to add combustion support after the initial preheating, saving energy consumption. Due to the sufficient pyrolysis of solid waste, the generation of toxic gases such as dioxin is further avoided, and the purpose of reducing, recycling and harming solid waste is achieved.

Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the outlet of the gas discharge pipeline 61 of the solid waste treatment equipment can be communicated with a water vapor container (not shown), and the solid waste is generated after the solid waste is cracked by the high temperature cracking chamber 1. The other part of the combustible gas enters the water vapor container through the gas discharge pipeline 61, and the combustible gas reacts with water vapor at high temperature to generate combustible water gas, the main components of which are carbon monoxide and hydrogen. In this way, the utilization rate of energy is further improved, and the discharge of harmful gases and secondary pollution are avoided.

In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 , the interior of the solid waste treatment equipment may also be provided with a counter-spiral impeller 12 opposite to the direction of rotation of the spiral impeller 5 . The reverse helical impeller 12 can reduce the conveying pressure on the side of the material outlet 3 of the high temperature cracking chamber 1, and improve the operation stability and safety of the solid waste treatment equipment.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including the combination of various specific technical features in any suitable manner. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe various possible combinations. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the present invention, and all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A solid waste treatment apparatus, comprising:

the device comprises a high-temperature cracking cavity, a material inlet and a material outlet, wherein the two ends of the high-temperature cracking cavity are respectively provided with the material inlet and the material outlet;

the power device is arranged at one end of the pyrolysis cavity and is used for driving the pyrolysis cavity to rotate;

the spiral impeller is arranged inside the pyrolysis cavity;

the gas treatment device is communicated with the pyrolysis cavity;

and the slag discharging port is positioned below the high-temperature cracking cavity.

2. The solid waste treatment apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a reverse conveyor disposed on an outer wall of the pyrolysis chamber, the reverse conveyor being configured to convey material flowing from the material outlet to a side of the material inlet, the slag discharge port being located at a side of the material inlet.

3. The solid waste treatment apparatus of claim 2, wherein the reverse conveyor comprises a plurality of hooks annularly and evenly spaced along an outer wall of the pyrolysis chamber and closely arranged along a length of the pyrolysis chamber.

4. The solid waste treatment apparatus of claim 3, wherein the hook has a mounting inclination opposite to the advancing direction of the material in the pyrolysis chamber, the hook having a receiving surface to receive the material.

5. The solid waste treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the material outlet of the solid waste treatment apparatus comprises a plurality of overflow holes provided in the pyrolysis chamber.

6. The solid waste treatment apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a holding chamber defined by a holding enclosure disposed about the pyrolysis chamber.

7. The solid waste treatment apparatus of claim 6, wherein the gas treatment device comprises a gas exhaust line and a gas return line, the gas return line communicating with the holding chamber.

8. The solid waste treatment apparatus of claim 7, wherein the outlet of the gas discharge conduit is in communication with a water vapor container.

9. The solid waste treatment apparatus of claim 6, wherein an electric lighter is disposed within the insulated chamber, and further comprising an air supply line in communication with the insulated chamber.

10. The solid waste treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the inside of the solid waste treatment apparatus is further provided with a reverse-spiral impeller having a rotation direction opposite to that of the spiral impeller.

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