CN110252136A - High-efficiency device and method for wet ultra-low temperature flue gas denitrification - Google Patents
High-efficiency device and method for wet ultra-low temperature flue gas denitrification Download PDFInfo
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
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Abstract
一种湿法超低温烟气脱硝高效装置及方法，包括脱硝塔、加压风机、气液分离装置，气体分布装置，循环槽和沉淀槽；脱硝塔内设置有混层脱硝催化载体层、除雾装置和喷淋装置；烟气依次通过加压风机、气液分离装置和气体分布装置进入脱硝塔内；喷淋装置通过管道与循环槽连通、循环槽内设置有液体催化剂和还原剂；沉淀槽与脱硝塔的靠底部位置连通、沉淀槽通过溢流管与循环槽连通；烟气自气体分布装置后进入脱硝塔内依次通过混层脱硝催化载体层、喷淋装置和除雾装置后自脱硝塔上方排出；适用于其氮氧化物含量高和不稳定、且烟气成份复杂的冶炼窑炉炉况，可湿法脱硫后实现一塔内在固液催化剂的双重作用下高效的脱除氮氧化物，工艺流程简单，脱硝效果好。
A high-efficiency device and method for wet ultra-low temperature flue gas denitrification, including a denitrification tower, a pressurized fan, a gas-liquid separation device, a gas distribution device, a circulation tank, and a sedimentation tank; a mixed-layer denitrification catalytic carrier layer, a demisting device and spraying device; the flue gas enters the denitrification tower through the pressurized fan, gas-liquid separation device and gas distribution device in turn; the spraying device is connected with the circulation tank through the pipeline, and the liquid catalyst and reducing agent are set in the circulation tank; the sedimentation tank It is connected to the bottom of the denitrification tower, and the sedimentation tank is connected to the circulation tank through the overflow pipe; the flue gas enters the denitrification tower from the gas distribution device and then passes through the mixed layer denitrification catalytic carrier layer, spray device and demister device, and then self-denitration Discharge from the top of the tower; suitable for smelting kilns with high and unstable nitrogen oxide content and complex flue gas components. After wet desulfurization, nitrogen oxide can be efficiently removed in a tower under the dual action of solid-liquid catalyst material, the technological process is simple, and the denitrification effect is good.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及环保技术领域，主要涉及冶炼窑炉烟气低温脱硝技术，具体的涉及一种湿法超低温(常温下25-80℃)烟气脱硝高效(脱硫效率99.6％以上，脱硝效率95％以上)装置及方法。The present invention relates to the field of environmental protection technology, mainly relates to low-temperature denitrification technology of smelting kiln flue gas, and specifically relates to a wet method ultra-low temperature (25-80°C at room temperature) flue gas denitrification with high efficiency (desulfurization efficiency of more than 99.6%, denitrification efficiency of more than 95%) ) device and method.
背景技术Background technique
我国烟气脱硫脱硝行业中工业锅炉、玻璃窑炉、冶金钢铁烧结炉、化工厂和酸洗设备面临的脱硫脱硝难题，特别是在冶炼窑炉上开发低温条件下(25℃以上)可资源化的烟气脱硫脱硝技术是难点；此外，传统湿法工艺中还存在脱硫、脱硝效率不高，脱硫脱硝催化剂再生困难，运行不稳定，容易堵塞结垢，副产品没有利用价值等问题。The desulfurization and denitrification problems faced by industrial boilers, glass furnaces, metallurgical steel sintering furnaces, chemical plants and pickling equipment in my country's flue gas desulfurization and denitrification industry, especially in the development of smelting furnaces under low temperature conditions (above 25 ℃) can be recycled The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification technology is difficult; in addition, the traditional wet process still has problems such as low desulfurization and denitrification efficiency, difficult regeneration of desulfurization and denitrification catalysts, unstable operation, easy blockage and scaling, and by-products have no use value.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对现有技术的上述不足，提供一种湿法超低温烟气脱硝高效装置，解决目前存在的超低温脱硝难题；此装置和技术特别适用于其氮氧化物含量高和不稳定、且烟气成份复杂的冶炼窑炉炉况，此脱硝装置可湿法脱硫后实现一塔内在固液催化剂的双重作用下高效的脱除氮氧化物，工艺流程简单，脱硝效果好的优势。Aiming at the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a high-efficiency device for wet ultra-low temperature flue gas denitrification to solve the current problem of ultra-low temperature denitrification; For complex smelting kiln conditions, this denitrification device can achieve efficient removal of nitrogen oxides under the dual action of solid-liquid catalysts in a tower after wet desulfurization. The process is simple and the denitrification effect is good.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种湿法超低温烟气脱硝高效装置，该装置包括脱硝塔、加压风机、气液分离装置，气体分布装置，循环槽和沉淀槽；所述的脱硝塔内设置有混层脱硝催化载体层、除雾装置和喷淋装置；烟气自送气烟道经过依次连通的加压风机、气液分离装置(气液分离器)和气体分布装置(气体分布器)进入脱硝塔内，所述的气体分布装置伸入至脱硝塔内并位于脱硝塔靠底部位置；所述的喷淋装置通过管道与循环槽连通、循环槽内设置有液体催化剂和还原剂；所述的沉淀槽与脱硝塔的靠底部位置连通、沉淀槽通过溢流管与循环槽连通；所述的烟气自气体分布装置后进入脱硝塔内依次通过混层脱硝催化载体层、喷淋装置和除雾装置后自脱硝塔上方排出。In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a wet ultra-low temperature flue gas denitrification high-efficiency device, which includes a denitrification tower, a pressurized fan, a gas-liquid separation device, a gas distribution device, a circulation tank and a sedimentation tank; The denitrification tower is provided with a mixed-layer denitrification catalytic carrier layer, a demisting device and a spraying device; the flue gas from the gas supply flue passes through a pressurized fan, a gas-liquid separation device (gas-liquid separator) and a gas distribution system connected in sequence. The device (gas distributor) enters the denitration tower, and the gas distribution device extends into the denitration tower and is located near the bottom of the denitration tower; the spray device communicates with the circulation tank through a pipeline, and the circulation tank is provided with a liquid Catalyst and reducing agent; the settling tank is connected to the bottom of the denitrification tower, and the settling tank is connected to the circulation tank through the overflow pipe; the flue gas enters the denitrification tower from the gas distribution device and passes through the mixed layer denitrification catalyst The carrier layer, spraying device and demisting device are discharged from the top of the denitrification tower.
采用该结构，本发明所产生的有益效果是：采用混层脱硝催化载体层和液相催化剂相结合利用氧化还原原理和尿素反应实现低温湿法脱硝；具有脱硝效率高、效果好，无废水废渣，环境效益和经济效益好。本发明的上述结构充分利用固、液组合催化剂相结合的工艺和装置大大提高脱硝系统的稳定性和脱除效率，消除原来湿法脱硝系统本身所产生的二次污染，实现脱硝效率达90％以上，使氮氧化物达到超洁净排放、满足日益严格的环保要求。By adopting this structure, the beneficial effects produced by the present invention are: the combination of the mixed-layer denitrification catalytic carrier layer and the liquid phase catalyst is used to realize low-temperature wet denitrification using the principle of redox and urea reaction; it has high denitrification efficiency, good effect, and no waste water and waste residue , good environmental and economic benefits. The above-mentioned structure of the present invention makes full use of the process and device combining solid and liquid combined catalysts to greatly improve the stability and removal efficiency of the denitration system, eliminate the secondary pollution generated by the original wet denitration system itself, and achieve a denitration efficiency of 90%. Above, the nitrogen oxides can achieve ultra-clean emission and meet the increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements.
优选的，所述的脱硝塔的下方还连接有事故槽，所述的事故槽通过管道与沉淀槽连通；采用该结构，当液体循环量过大或者说是停电应急时，会有一部份液体送入事故槽内，整个的脱硝系统重新运行时将事故槽内的液体通过先打入沉淀槽再打入循环槽后再使用，不会造成循环槽内的液体催化剂和还原剂断供，实现整个系统的有效循环。Preferably, an emergency tank is connected to the bottom of the denitrification tower, and the accident tank is connected to the sedimentation tank through a pipeline; with this structure, when the liquid circulation is too large or there is a power failure emergency, there will be a part of the liquid When the whole denitrification system is re-operated, the liquid in the accident tank will be put into the sedimentation tank first and then into the circulation tank before being used, which will not cause the liquid catalyst and reducing agent in the circulation tank to be cut off. Effective circulation of the whole system.
优选的，所述的混层脱硝催化载体层和喷淋装置均设置至少两套，且至少两套均要沿着脱硝塔的高度方向设置，每一套中均是混层脱硝催化载体层位于下方、喷淋装置位于上方；采用该结构可以更高效的利用固体和液体双重作用对烟气进行催化氧化还原反应，实现一塔内在固、液催化剂的双重作用下高效脱除氮氧化物。Preferably, at least two sets of the mixed-layer denitrification catalytic carrier layer and the spraying device are provided, and at least two sets are arranged along the height direction of the denitrification tower, and each set is a mixed-layer denitrification catalytic carrier layer located on the The lower part and the spraying device are located at the upper part; with this structure, the dual functions of solid and liquid can be used to carry out catalytic redox reaction on the flue gas more efficiently, so as to realize the efficient removal of nitrogen oxides under the dual functions of solid and liquid catalysts in one tower.
进一步的，所述的每套混层脱硝催化载体层至少设置有三层填料，每层填料均包括PP材料和304材料波纹载体混装，PP材料和304材料波纹载体重量比为3：1。采用该结构可以充分保障脱销效率。Further, each set of mixed-layer denitration catalytic carrier layer is provided with at least three layers of packing, and each layer of packing includes a mixture of PP material and 304 material corrugated carrier, and the weight ratio of PP material and 304 material corrugated carrier is 3:1. Adopting this structure can fully guarantee the out-of-stock efficiency.
优选的，所述的沉淀槽底部设置有与循环槽连通的沉淀槽循环管道，所述的沉淀槽循环管道上还设置有过滤装置；采用该结构可以将沉淀槽中沉淀的杂质在一段时间后打入过滤装置中除去杂质回收，而获得的清液送循环槽循环利用；更加彻底的利用和回收。Preferably, the bottom of the settling tank is provided with a settling tank circulation pipeline connected with the circulation tank, and a filtering device is also provided on the settling tank circulation pipeline; the impurity precipitated in the settling tank can be removed after a period of time by adopting this structure Pour into the filter device to remove impurities and recover, and the obtained clear liquid is sent to the circulation tank for recycling; more thorough utilization and recovery.
优选的，所述的循环槽还连接有配料槽，所述的配料槽连接有加料装置；采用该结构可以在循环槽内的液体满足不了循环需求时，及时的补充料液，实现充分的循环和催化氧化还原效果。此外，液体脱硝剂和还原剂经循环使用一段时间后效率会有一定的下降，为保证稳定高效脱除氮氧化物，通过加料装置和配料装置定量加入液体脱硝剂和还原剂，保证催化氧化还原的效果。Preferably, the circulation tank is also connected with a batching tank, and the batching tank is connected with a feeding device; with this structure, when the liquid in the circulation tank cannot meet the circulation requirements, the feed liquid can be replenished in time to achieve sufficient circulation and catalytic redox effect. In addition, the efficiency of liquid denitrification agents and reducing agents will decrease after being recycled for a period of time. In order to ensure stable and efficient removal of nitrogen oxides, liquid denitrification agents and reducing agents are added quantitatively through feeding devices and batching devices to ensure catalytic oxidation and reduction. Effect.
优选的，所述的循环槽中设置有第一搅拌装置；该结构可以使液体脱硝剂和还原剂效果最佳。Preferably, the circulation tank is provided with a first stirring device; this structure can make the effect of the liquid denitration agent and reducing agent optimal.
优选的，所述的配料槽中设置有第二搅拌装置；该结构可以使液体脱硝剂和还原剂效果最佳。Preferably, a second stirring device is arranged in the batching tank; this structure can make the effect of the liquid denitration agent and reducing agent optimal.
本发明还提供一种利用上述湿法超低温烟气脱硝高效装置的脱硝方法，具体的步骤包括：The present invention also provides a denitrification method using the above-mentioned high-efficiency wet ultra-low temperature flue gas denitrification device. The specific steps include:
(1)首先，烟气经前置脱硫后经过增加风机在气液分离装置中将液滴除去，通过气体分布装置使气体达到均匀分布后进入脱硝塔，混层脱硝催化载体层和喷淋装置喷出的脱硝剂与从下往上的烟气逆流接触进行催化氧化还原反应，实现一塔内在固液催化剂的作用下脱除氮氧化物，烟气达标后经除雾装置除去液滴后达标排放；(1) First of all, after the flue gas is desulfurized at the front, the liquid droplets are removed in the gas-liquid separation device by adding a fan, and the gas is uniformly distributed through the gas distribution device before entering the denitrification tower, the mixed layer denitrification catalytic carrier layer and the spray device The sprayed denitrification agent contacts with the flue gas from bottom to top to carry out catalytic oxidation-reduction reaction, so as to realize the removal of nitrogen oxides under the action of solid-liquid catalyst in a tower. emission;
(2)经过脱硝塔的液体脱硝剂和还原剂从脱硝塔溢流到沉淀槽、通过沉淀槽把杂质去掉后再溢流到循环槽，循环槽内的液体脱硝剂和还原剂再打入脱硝塔循环使用；(2) The liquid denitration agent and reducing agent passing through the denitrification tower overflow from the denitrification tower to the sedimentation tank, remove impurities through the sedimentation tank, and then overflow to the circulation tank, and the liquid denitrification agent and reducing agent in the circulation tank are injected into the denitration tank Tower recycling;
(3)沉淀槽中沉淀的杂质在一段时间后打入过滤装置中除去杂质回收，清液送循环槽循环利用。(3) The impurities precipitated in the sedimentation tank are put into the filter device after a period of time to remove the impurities and recover, and the clear liquid is sent to the circulation tank for recycling.
优选的，液体脱硝剂和还原剂经循环使用一段时间后效率下降，为保证稳定高效脱除氮氧化物，通过配料装置和加料泵定量加入液体脱硝剂和还原剂。为使液体脱硝剂和还原剂效果最佳配料槽中设置了搅拌装置。Preferably, the efficiency of the liquid denitrification agent and reducing agent decreases after being recycled for a period of time. In order to ensure stable and efficient removal of nitrogen oxides, the liquid denitrification agent and reducing agent are quantitatively added through a batching device and a feeding pump. In order to make the liquid denitration agent and reducing agent have the best effect, a stirring device is set in the batching tank.
优选的，所述的脱硝塔的下方连通有事故槽，当液体循环量过大和停电应急时，一部份液体送入事故槽，脱硝系统重新运行时由事故泵打入循环槽再使用。Preferably, there is an emergency tank connected to the bottom of the denitrification tower. When the liquid circulation is too large and there is a power failure, a part of the liquid is sent to the emergency tank. When the denitrification system is restarted, the emergency pump is pumped into the circulation tank for reuse.
在脱硝塔内烟气中不溶于水的NO在脱硝催化剂的作用下将被氧化成NO2，而NO2在水溶液中生成亚硝酸与通过人工定时加入一定量的固体工业尿素用作还原剂在固液催化剂的作用下生成N2和水，从而达到高效脱除氮氧化物。The water-insoluble NO in the flue gas in the denitrification tower will be oxidized to NO2 under the action of the denitrification catalyst, and NO2 will generate nitrous acid in the aqueous solution and a certain amount of solid industrial urea will be added artificially and regularly as a reducing agent in solid-liquid Under the action of the catalyst, N2 and water are generated, so as to achieve efficient removal of nitrogen oxides.
本发明上述结构工艺流程和原理：烟气经前置脱硫后经过增加风机在气液分离装置中将液滴除去通过气体分布装置使气体达到均匀分布进入脱硝塔，通过脱硝循环泵和喷淋装置喷出的脱硝剂在混层低温脱硝催化载体中与从下往上的烟气逆流接触进行催化氧化还原反应，实现一塔内在固液催化剂的作用下高效脱除氮氧化物，烟气达标后经除雾装置除去液滴后达标排放。经过脱硝塔的液体脱硝剂和还原剂从脱硝塔溢流到沉淀槽、通过沉淀槽把杂质去掉后再溢流到循环槽，液体脱硝剂和还原剂再由脱硝循环泵打入脱硝塔循环使用，为使液体脱硝剂和还原剂效果最佳循环槽中设置了搅拌装置。沉淀槽中沉淀的杂质在一段时间后由过滤泵打入过滤装置除去杂质回收，清液送循环槽循环利用。液体脱硝剂和还原剂经循环使用一段时间后效率下降，为保证稳定高效脱除氮氧化物，通过加料装置和配料装置和加料泵定量加入液体脱硝剂和还原剂。为使液体脱硝剂和还原剂效果最佳配料槽中设置了搅拌装置。当液体循环量过大和停电应急时，一部份液体送入事故槽，脱硝系统重新运行时由事故泵打入循环槽再使用。在脱硝塔内烟气中不溶于水的NO在脱硝催化剂的作用下将被氧化成NO2，而NO2在水溶液中生成亚硝酸与通过人工定时加入一定量的固体工业尿素用作还原剂在固液催化剂的作用下生成N2和水，从而达到高效脱除氮氧化物。The process flow and principle of the above-mentioned structure of the present invention: after the flue gas is pre-desulfurized, the liquid droplets are removed in the gas-liquid separation device through an additional fan, and the gas is uniformly distributed through the gas distribution device. The sprayed denitration agent contacts with the flue gas from bottom to top in the mixed-layer low-temperature denitration catalyst carrier to carry out catalytic oxidation and reduction reaction, so as to realize the efficient removal of nitrogen oxides under the action of solid-liquid catalyst in a tower. After the flue gas reaches the standard After the liquid droplets are removed by the demisting device, the discharge is up to standard. The liquid denitration agent and reducing agent passing through the denitrification tower overflow from the denitrification tower to the sedimentation tank, and then overflow to the circulation tank after removing impurities through the sedimentation tank. , in order to make the liquid denitration agent and reducing agent have the best effect, a stirring device is set in the circulation tank. After a period of time, the impurities precipitated in the sedimentation tank are pumped into the filter device by the filter pump to remove the impurities and recovered, and the clear liquid is sent to the circulation tank for recycling. The efficiency of liquid denitrification agent and reducing agent decreases after being recycled for a period of time. In order to ensure stable and efficient removal of nitrogen oxides, the liquid denitrification agent and reducing agent are quantitatively added through the feeding device, batching device and feeding pump. In order to make the liquid denitration agent and reducing agent have the best effect, a stirring device is set in the batching tank. When the amount of liquid circulation is too large and there is a power failure emergency, a part of the liquid is sent to the emergency tank, and when the denitrification system is restarted, the emergency pump is pumped into the circulation tank for reuse. The water-insoluble NO in the flue gas in the denitrification tower will be oxidized to NO2 under the action of the denitrification catalyst, and NO2 will generate nitrous acid in the aqueous solution and a certain amount of solid industrial urea will be added artificially and regularly as a reducing agent in solid-liquid Under the action of the catalyst, N2 and water are generated, so as to achieve efficient removal of nitrogen oxides.
本发明所述的液体脱硝剂为催化氧化剂，还原剂为工业尿素，它们之间的重量配比为1：3。The liquid denitration agent described in the present invention is a catalytic oxidant, and the reducing agent is industrial urea, and the weight ratio between them is 1:3.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
附图1本发明构造示意图。Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
附图2本发明的每套的混层脱硝催化载体层的结构示意图。Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural schematic diagram of each set of mixed-layer denitration catalytic carrier layer of the present invention.
如图所示：1.加压风机，2.气液分离装置，3.事故槽，4.事故槽泵，5.沉淀槽，6.沉淀槽泵，7.脱硝塔，8.混层脱硝催化载体层，9.除雾装置，10.喷淋装置.11.脱硝循环泵，12.循环槽，13.第一搅拌装置，14.过滤装置，15.配料槽泵，16.配料槽，17.第二搅拌抓装置，18.加料装置，18.1.加料泵，19.气体分布装置。As shown in the figure: 1. Pressurized fan, 2. Gas-liquid separation device, 3. Accident tank, 4. Accident tank pump, 5. Sedimentation tank, 6. Sedimentation tank pump, 7. Denitration tower, 8. Mixed layer denitrification Catalytic carrier layer, 9. Demisting device, 10. Spraying device, 11. Denitrification circulation pump, 12. Circulation tank, 13. First stirring device, 14. Filtration device, 15. Batching tank pump, 16. Batching tank, 17. Second stirring and grasping device, 18. Feeding device, 18.1. Feeding pump, 19. Gas distribution device.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面通过附图进一步详细描述本发明，但是本发明不仅仅局限于以下实施例。The present invention is described in further detail below by means of the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited only to the following embodiments.
不做特殊说明，本发明的加压风机、气液分离装置、气体分布装置、喷淋装置(除雾器)和除雾装置均为化工行业常用的市售产品。本发明各个管路上为了介质更好的流动，均设置有泵，为介质的流通提供动力，泵也为行业常规的泵，根据与连接的各个零部件的不同定义了不同的名称，并不影响泵的使用效果。Without special instructions, the pressurized fan, gas-liquid separation device, gas distribution device, spray device (demister) and demister device of the present invention are commercially available products commonly used in the chemical industry. Each pipeline of the present invention is equipped with a pump to provide power for the circulation of the medium for better flow of the medium. The effect of the pump.
如附图1所示，本发明的一种湿法超低温烟气脱硝高效装置，一种湿法超低温烟气脱硝高效装置，该装置包括脱硝塔7、加压风机1、气液分离装置2，气体分布装置19，循环槽12和沉淀槽5；所述的脱硝塔内设置有混层脱硝催化载体层8、除雾装置9和喷淋装置10；烟气自送气烟道经过依次连通(通过管道进行连通)的加压风机、气液分离装置(气液分离器)和气体分布装置(气体分布器)进入脱硝塔内，所述的气体分布装置伸入至脱硝塔内并位于脱硝塔靠底部位置；所述的喷淋装置通过管道与循环槽连通12、循环槽12内设置有液体催化剂和还原剂；所述的沉淀槽与脱硝塔的靠底部位置连通、沉淀槽通过溢流管与循环槽连通；所述的烟气自气体分布装置后进入脱硝塔内依次通过混层脱硝催化载体层8、喷淋装置10和除雾装置9后自脱硝塔7上方排出。As shown in Figure 1, a high-efficiency wet-process ultra-low temperature flue gas denitrification device of the present invention is a high-efficiency wet-process ultra-low temperature flue gas denitrification device. The device includes a denitrification tower 7, a pressurized fan 1, and a gas-liquid separation device 2. Gas distribution device 19, circulation tank 12 and sedimentation tank 5; said denitrification tower is provided with mixed-layer denitrification catalytic carrier layer 8, demisting device 9 and spraying device 10; The pressurized fan, gas-liquid separation device (gas-liquid separator) and gas distribution device (gas distributor) enter the denitration tower, and the gas distribution device extends into the denitration tower and is located near the denitration tower. Bottom position; the spraying device communicates with the circulation tank 12 through a pipeline, and liquid catalyst and reducing agent are arranged in the circulation tank 12; the sedimentation tank communicates with the bottom position of the denitrification tower, and the sedimentation tank communicates with the bottom of the denitrification tower through an overflow pipe. The circulation tank is connected; the flue gas enters the denitration tower from the gas distribution device and passes through the mixed-layer denitration catalytic carrier layer 8, the spray device 10 and the demisting device 9 in turn, and then is discharged from the top of the denitration tower 7.
采用该结构，本发明所产生的有益效果是：采用混层脱硝催化载体层和液相催化剂相结合利用氧化还原原理和尿素反应实现低温湿法脱硝；具有脱硝效率高、效果好，无废水废渣，环境效益和经济效益好。本发明的上述结构充分利用固、液组合催化剂相结合的工艺和装置大大提高脱硝系统的稳定性和脱除效率，消除原来湿法脱硝系统本身所产生的二次污染，实现脱硝效率达90％以上，使氮氧化物达到超洁净排放、满足日益严格的环保要求。By adopting this structure, the beneficial effects produced by the present invention are: the combination of the mixed-layer denitrification catalytic carrier layer and the liquid phase catalyst is used to realize low-temperature wet denitrification using the principle of redox and urea reaction; it has high denitrification efficiency, good effect, and no waste water and waste residue , good environmental and economic benefits. The above-mentioned structure of the present invention makes full use of the process and device combining solid and liquid combined catalysts to greatly improve the stability and removal efficiency of the denitration system, eliminate the secondary pollution generated by the original wet denitration system itself, and achieve a denitration efficiency of 90%. Above, the nitrogen oxides can achieve ultra-clean emission and meet the increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements.
如附图1所示，所述的脱硝塔7的下方还连接有事故槽3，所述的事故槽通过管道与沉淀槽连通，相互连通的管道上设置有事故槽泵4，用于将事故槽内的物质提供动力达到沉淀槽中；采用该结构，当液体循环量过大或者说是停电应急时，会有一部份液体送入事故槽内，整个的脱硝系统重新运行时将事故槽内的液体通过先打入沉淀槽再打入循环槽后再使用，不会造成循环槽内的液体催化剂和还原剂断供，实现整个系统的有效循环。As shown in accompanying drawing 1, the bottom of described denitrification tower 7 is also connected with accident tank 3, and described accident tank is communicated with sedimentation tank through pipeline, and the pipeline that communicates with each other is provided with emergency tank pump 4, is used for The material in the tank provides power to reach the sedimentation tank; with this structure, when the liquid circulation is too large or there is a power failure emergency, a part of the liquid will be sent into the accident tank, and the entire denitrification system will be put into the accident tank when it is restarted. The liquid is put into the sedimentation tank first and then into the circulation tank before being used, which will not cause the liquid catalyst and reducing agent in the circulation tank to be cut off, and realize the effective circulation of the whole system.
如附图1所示：所述的混层脱硝催化载体层8和喷淋装置10均设置至少两套，且至少两套均要沿着脱硝塔的高度方向设置，每一套中均是混层脱硝催化载体层位于下方、喷淋装置位于上方；采用该结构可以更高效的利用固体和液体双重作用对烟气进行催化氧化还原反应，实现一塔内在固、液催化剂的双重作用下高效脱除氮氧化物。本实施例设置了两套。如附图2所示：所述的每套混层脱硝催化载体层8至少设置有三层填料，每层填料均包括PP材料和304材料波纹载体混装，PP材料和304材料波纹载体重量比为3：1。采用该结构可以充分保障脱销效率。As shown in accompanying drawing 1: said mixed-layer denitrification catalytic carrier layer 8 and spray device 10 are provided with at least two sets, and at least two sets are all arranged along the height direction of the denitrification tower, and each set is mixed The layer denitrification catalytic carrier layer is located at the bottom, and the spray device is located at the top; with this structure, the double action of solid and liquid can be used to carry out catalytic redox reaction on flue gas, and the high-efficiency denitrification can be realized under the dual action of solid and liquid catalysts in a tower. In addition to nitrogen oxides. This embodiment is provided with two sets. As shown in Figure 2: each set of mixed-layer denitrification catalytic carrier layer 8 is provided with at least three layers of fillers, each layer of fillers includes a mixture of PP material and 304 material corrugated carrier, and the weight ratio of PP material and 304 material corrugated carrier is 3:1. Adopting this structure can fully guarantee the out-of-stock efficiency.
附图1所示，所述的沉淀槽5底部设置有与循环槽连通的沉淀槽循环管道，该循环管道上还设有沉淀槽泵6用于给介质在管道内的输送提供动力，所述的沉淀槽循环管道上还设置有过滤装置(可见将循环介质中的固体颗粒过滤掉的过滤装置均可以应用于本发明，如市售的具有不锈钢过滤网的过滤器)；采用该结构可以将沉淀槽中沉淀的杂质在一段时间后打入过滤装置中除去杂质回收，而获得的清液送循环槽12中循环利用；更加彻底的利用和回收。As shown in accompanying drawing 1, the bottom of described settling tank 5 is provided with the settling tank circulation pipeline that communicates with the circulation tank, and this circulation pipeline is also provided with a settling tank pump 6 for providing power for the delivery of the medium in the pipeline. The settling tank circulation pipeline is also provided with a filtering device (it can be seen that the filtering device filtering the solid particles in the circulating medium can be applied to the present invention, such as a commercially available filter with a stainless steel screen); adopting this structure can The impurities precipitated in the sedimentation tank are put into the filter device after a period of time to remove the impurities and recover, and the obtained clear liquid is sent to the circulation tank 12 for recycling; more thorough utilization and recovery.
附图1所示，所述的循环槽12上还连接有配料槽16，所述的配料槽连接有加料装置(加料槽)18；均通过管道连通；在位置上，加料装置高于配料槽，方便料液进入到配料槽，可以再二者连通的管路上设置阀门，控制管道的开合；采用该结构可以在循环槽内的液体满足不了循环需求时，及时的补充料液，实现充分的循环和催化氧化还原效果。此外，液体脱硝剂和还原剂经循环使用一段时间后效率会有一定的下降，为保证稳定高效脱除氮氧化物，通过加料装置和配料装置定量加入液体脱硝剂和还原剂，保证催化氧化还原的效果。Shown in accompanying drawing 1, described circulation tank 12 is also connected with batching tank 16, and described batching tank is connected with charging device (feeding tank) 18; All communicate by pipeline; On the position, charging device is higher than batching tank , it is convenient for the feed liquid to enter the batching tank, and a valve can be set on the pipeline connecting the two to control the opening and closing of the pipeline; this structure can replenish the feed liquid in time when the liquid in the circulation tank cannot meet the circulation demand, so as to realize full cycling and catalytic redox effects. In addition, the efficiency of liquid denitrification agents and reducing agents will decrease after being recycled for a period of time. In order to ensure stable and efficient removal of nitrogen oxides, liquid denitrification agents and reducing agents are added quantitatively through feeding devices and batching devices to ensure catalytic oxidation and reduction. Effect.
如附图1所示：所述的循环槽12中设置有第一搅拌装置13；该结构可以使液体脱硝剂和还原剂效果最佳。As shown in Figure 1: the first stirring device 13 is arranged in the circulation tank 12; this structure can make the effect of the liquid denitration agent and reducing agent the best.
如附图1所示：所述的配料槽16中设置有第二搅拌装置17；该结构可以使液体脱硝剂和还原剂效果最佳。As shown in Figure 1: the second stirring device 17 is arranged in the batching tank 16; this structure can make the liquid denitration agent and reducing agent have the best effect.
本发明还提供一种利用上述湿法超低温烟气脱硝高效装置的脱硝方法，具体的步骤包括：The present invention also provides a denitrification method using the above-mentioned high-efficiency wet ultra-low temperature flue gas denitrification device. The specific steps include:
(1)首先，烟气经前置脱硫后经过增加风机在气液分离装置中将液滴除去，通过气体分布装置使气体达到均匀分布后进入脱硝塔，混层脱硝催化载体层和喷淋装置喷出的脱硝剂与从下往上的烟气逆流接触进行催化氧化还原反应，实现一塔内在固液催化剂的作用下脱除氮氧化物，烟气达标后经除雾装置除去液滴后达标排放；(1) First of all, after the flue gas is desulfurized at the front, the liquid droplets are removed in the gas-liquid separation device by adding a fan, and the gas is uniformly distributed through the gas distribution device before entering the denitrification tower, the mixed layer denitrification catalytic carrier layer and the spray device The sprayed denitrification agent contacts with the flue gas from bottom to top to carry out catalytic oxidation-reduction reaction, so as to realize the removal of nitrogen oxides under the action of solid-liquid catalyst in a tower. emission;
(2)经过脱硝塔的液体脱硝剂和还原剂从脱硝塔溢流到沉淀槽、通过沉淀槽把杂质去掉后再溢流到循环槽，循环槽内的液体脱硝剂和还原剂再打入脱硝塔循环使用；(2) The liquid denitration agent and reducing agent passing through the denitrification tower overflow from the denitrification tower to the sedimentation tank, remove impurities through the sedimentation tank, and then overflow to the circulation tank, and the liquid denitrification agent and reducing agent in the circulation tank are injected into the denitration tank Tower recycling;
(3)沉淀槽中沉淀的杂质在一段时间后打入过滤装置中除去杂质回收，清液送循环槽循环利用。(3) The impurities precipitated in the sedimentation tank are put into the filter device after a period of time to remove the impurities and recover, and the clear liquid is sent to the circulation tank for recycling.
本发明的液体脱硝剂和还原剂经循环使用一段时间后效率下降，为保证稳定高效脱除氮氧化物，通过配料装置和加料泵18.1定量加入液体脱硝剂和还原剂。为使液体脱硝剂和还原剂效果最佳配料槽中设置了搅拌装置。The efficiency of the liquid denitrification agent and reducing agent of the present invention decreases after being recycled for a period of time. In order to ensure stable and efficient removal of nitrogen oxides, the liquid denitration agent and reducing agent are quantitatively added through the batching device and the feeding pump 18.1. In order to make the liquid denitration agent and reducing agent have the best effect, a stirring device is set in the batching tank.
本发明所述的脱硝塔7的下方连通有事故槽3，当液体循环量过大和停电应急时，一部份液体送入事故槽，脱硝系统重新运行时由事故泵打入循环槽再使用。The lower part of the denitrification tower 7 of the present invention is connected with the emergency tank 3. When the liquid circulation volume is too large and there is a power failure emergency, a part of the liquid is sent into the emergency tank.
在脱硝塔内烟气中不溶于水的NO在脱硝催化剂的作用下将被氧化成NO2，而NO2在水溶液中生成亚硝酸与固体工业尿素用作还原剂在固液催化剂的作用下生成N2和水，从而达到高效脱除氮氧化物。The water-insoluble NO in the flue gas in the denitrification tower will be oxidized to NO 2 under the action of the denitrification catalyst, and NO 2 will generate nitrous acid in the aqueous solution and solid industrial urea will be used as a reducing agent to generate under the action of a solid-liquid catalyst N 2 and water, so as to achieve efficient removal of nitrogen oxides.
本发明上述结构工艺流程和原理：烟气经前置脱硫后经过增加风机在气液分离装置中将液滴除去通过气体分布装置使气体达到均匀分布进入脱硝塔，通过脱硝循环泵和喷淋装置喷出的脱硝剂在混层低温脱硝催化载体中与从下往上的烟气逆流接触进行催化氧化还原反应，实现一塔内在固液催化剂的作用下高效脱除氮氧化物，烟气达标后经除雾装置除去液滴后达标排放。经过脱硝塔的液体脱硝剂和还原剂从脱硝塔溢流到沉淀槽、通过沉淀槽把杂质去掉后再溢流到循环槽，液体脱硝剂和还原剂再由脱硝循环泵打入脱硝塔循环使用，为使液体脱硝剂和还原剂效果最佳循环槽中设置了搅拌装置。沉淀槽中沉淀的杂质在一段时间后由过滤泵打入过滤装置除去杂质回收，清液送循环槽循环利用。液体脱硝剂和还原剂经循环使用一段时间后效率下降，为保证稳定高效脱除氮氧化物，通过加料装置和配料装置和加料泵定量加入液体脱硝剂和还原剂。为使液体脱硝剂和还原剂效果最佳配料槽中设置了搅拌装置。当液体循环量过大和停电应急时，一部份液体送入事故槽，脱硝系统重新运行时由事故泵打入循环槽再使用。在脱硝塔内烟气中不溶于水的NO在脱硝催化剂的作用下将被氧化成NO2，而NO2在水溶液中生成亚硝酸与通固体工业尿素用作还原剂在固液催化剂的作用下生成N2和水，从而达到高效脱除氮氧化物。The process flow and principle of the above-mentioned structure of the present invention: after the flue gas is pre-desulfurized, the liquid droplets are removed in the gas-liquid separation device through an additional fan, and the gas is uniformly distributed through the gas distribution device. The sprayed denitrification agent contacts with the flue gas from bottom to top in the mixed-layer low-temperature denitrification catalytic carrier to carry out catalytic oxidation and reduction reaction, so as to realize the efficient removal of nitrogen oxides under the action of solid-liquid catalyst in a tower. After the flue gas reaches the standard After the liquid droplets are removed by the demisting device, the discharge is up to standard. The liquid denitrification agent and reducing agent passing through the denitrification tower overflow from the denitrification tower to the sedimentation tank, and then overflow to the circulation tank after the impurities are removed through the sedimentation tank. , in order to make the liquid denitration agent and reducing agent have the best effect, a stirring device is set in the circulation tank. After a period of time, the impurities precipitated in the sedimentation tank are pumped into the filter device by the filter pump to remove the impurities and recovered, and the clear liquid is sent to the circulation tank for recycling. The efficiency of liquid denitrification agent and reducing agent decreases after being recycled for a period of time. In order to ensure stable and efficient removal of nitrogen oxides, the liquid denitrification agent and reducing agent are quantitatively added through the feeding device, batching device and feeding pump. In order to make the liquid denitration agent and reducing agent have the best effect, a stirring device is set in the batching tank. When the amount of liquid circulation is too large and there is a power failure emergency, a part of the liquid is sent to the emergency tank, and when the denitrification system is restarted, the emergency pump is pumped into the circulation tank for reuse. The water-insoluble NO in the flue gas in the denitrification tower will be oxidized to NO2 under the action of the denitrification catalyst, and NO2 will generate nitrous acid in the aqueous solution and use solid industrial urea as a reducing agent to generate N2 under the action of the solid-liquid catalyst And water, so as to achieve efficient removal of nitrogen oxides.
本发明所述的液体脱硝剂为催化氧化剂(如黄烟去除剂)，还原剂为工业尿素，它们之间的重量配比为1：3，二者混合搅拌加入到循环槽内。The liquid denitration agent described in the present invention is a catalytic oxidizer (such as a yellow smoke remover), and the reducing agent is industrial urea, and the weight ratio between them is 1:3, and the two are mixed and stirred into the circulation tank.
实施例1Example 1
在XXX铜冶炼企业一脱硝装置上利用本发明工艺及装置进行实际应用，采用固态低温混层催化剂载体和液相催化剂相结合，催化剂载体装填量60m3,溶液中催化剂浓度在6％,pH控制在8～9，烟气温度40-50℃，液气液比4-6L/Nm3。烟气参数：流量50000Nm3/h，NOx含量600-3000mg/Nm3，SO2含量≤30mg/Nm3(前置脱硫系统)。经循环催化氧化还原后，出塔烟气中检测值SO2含量平均值为0mg/Nm3，NOx平均含量为40.7mg/Nm3，脱硫效率99.6％以上，脱硝效率95％以上。The process and device of the present invention are used for practical application on a denitrification device of XXX copper smelting enterprise. The combination of solid-state low-temperature mixed-layer catalyst carrier and liquid-phase catalyst is used. The catalyst carrier has a loading capacity of 60m 3 , the catalyst concentration in the solution is 6%, and the pH is controlled. At 8-9, the flue gas temperature is 40-50°C, and the liquid-gas-liquid ratio is 4-6L/Nm 3 . Flue gas parameters: flow rate 50000Nm 3 /h, NOx content 600-3000mg/Nm 3 , SO 2 content ≤ 30mg/Nm 3 (pre-desulfurization system). After cyclic catalytic redox, the average SO 2 content detected in the tower flue gas is 0 mg/Nm 3 , the average NOx content is 40.7 mg/Nm 3 , the desulfurization efficiency is over 99.6%, and the denitrification efficiency is over 95%.
实施例2Example 2
在XXX玻璃制造企业一脱硝装置上利用本发明工艺及装置进行实际应用，采用固态低温混层催化剂载体和液相催化剂相结合，催化剂载体装填量40m3,溶液中催化剂浓度在6％,pH控制在8～9，烟气温度50-60℃，液气液比4-6L/Nm3。烟气参数：流量30000Nm3/h，NOx含量600-1600mg/Nm3，SO2含量≤30mg/Nm3(前置脱硫系统)。经循环催化氧化还原后，出塔烟气中检测值SO2含量平均值为0mg/Nm3，NOx平均含量为29.7mg/Nm3，脱硫效率99.6％以上，脱硝效率95％以上。The technology and device of the present invention are used in a denitrification device of XXX glass manufacturing enterprise for practical application. The combination of solid low temperature mixed layer catalyst carrier and liquid phase catalyst is used. The catalyst carrier loading capacity is 40m 3 , the catalyst concentration in the solution is 6%, and the pH is controlled. At 8-9, the flue gas temperature is 50-60°C, and the liquid-gas-liquid ratio is 4-6L/Nm3. Flue gas parameters: flow rate 30000Nm3/h, NOx content 600-1600mg/Nm3, SO 2 content ≤ 30mg/Nm3 (pre-desulfurization system). After cyclic catalytic redox, the average SO 2 content detected in the tower flue gas is 0 mg/Nm3, the average NOx content is 29.7 mg/Nm 3 , the desulfurization efficiency is over 99.6%, and the denitrification efficiency is over 95%.
通过上述实施例可知，本发明的这套脱销装置可以有效的脱硫和处理NOx，效果显著。From the above examples, it can be seen that the degumming device of the present invention can effectively desulfurize and treat NOx, and the effect is remarkable.
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| CN111318154A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-23 | 萍乡市兴丰高科实业有限公司 | Integration low temperature denitrification facility |
| CN111495139A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-07 | 安徽顺达环保科技股份有限公司 | Wet-type desulfurization and denitrification device and process for high-sulfur-concentration flue gas |
| CN115634522A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-24 | 云南曲靖钢铁集团呈钢钢铁有限公司 | Environment-friendly energy-saving type deep purification system and method for flue gas of belt type sintering machine |
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