CN110204794B - Low-cost high-resilience biodegradable damping packaging material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-cost high-resilience biodegradable damping packaging material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
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- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
- B65D65/466—Bio- or photodegradable packaging materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
- C08J9/0071—Nanosized fillers, i.e. having at least one dimension below 100 nanometers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/03—Extrusion of the foamable blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2303/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2303/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2429/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2429/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2429/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2483/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2483/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2497/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
- C08J2497/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
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- Buffer Packaging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a low-cost high-resilience biodegradable shock-absorbing packaging material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the shock-absorbing foaming packaging material is prepared by gelatinizing starch, stirring the gelatinized starch and unbundled straw fibers at a high speed to form flocculent materials, simultaneously mixing the starch, polyvinyl alcohol, a nucleating agent, silicon oil and water, extruding by a screw rod, crushing into particles, uniformly mixing the flocculent materials and the crushed particles, and extruding and foaming by a single screw rod machine. The damping packaging material provided by the invention can realize complete degradation, is low in cost, has excellent rebound resilience, uniform surface gloss, good water resistance and moisture resistance, has moderate hardness, proper elasticity and soft surface, and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of packaging materials, in particular to a low-cost high-resilience biodegradable damping packaging material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the development of commodity economy, particularly the e-commerce industry, in order to avoid damage in the commodity transportation process, the effect of a packaging material is increasingly prominent, the packaging market scale is rapidly expanded, and particularly various electronic products, ceramic products, glass products and precise appliances enter the e-commerce commodity fashion industry, so that the demand of the cushioning packaging material is increased. Among them, foam is a recently widely used cushioning packaging material due to its excellent cushioning and shock-absorbing properties.
The widespread use of foam packaging materials, then, has placed tremendous pressure on both resources and the environment. In order to reduce the environmental stress of the package, the prior art proposes to replace the conventional plastic with biodegradable plastic, however, most of the biodegradable plastics are costly and unacceptable to the user. Therefore, the search for low-cost green environmental-friendly foamed plastics has become a focus of research in various countries.
Starch is the final product of green plant photosynthesis, is the most abundant renewable resource of biosynthesis, and has the characteristics of multiple varieties, low price and the like. In addition, the starch also has the extrusion expansion performance and the antistatic effect , and can be used in the fields of packaging, transportation and the like. The starch is easy to be eroded by microorganisms and has excellent good biodegradation performance. Therefore, the development of the starch-based degradable foamed plastic not only opens up a new way for better utilizing abundant natural resources, but also can solve the problem of white pollution, provide good 'fertile soil' for the existing living environment and sustainable development, and relieve the crisis of biochemical energy shortage. Therefore, the starch foamed plastic has a sustainable development prospect in the field of packaging, and can generally replace EPE, EPS and other foamed plastics in the packaging industries of household appliances, 3C electronics and fragile products.
Chinese patent application No. 201810477566.1 discloses a starch blending degradable packaging material, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10 parts of polyethylene, 3-5 parts of resin, 2-4 parts of corn starch, 2-4 parts of potato starch, 2-4 parts of ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, 2-4 parts of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, 2-4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1-2 parts of cellulose, 1-2 parts of lignin and 1-2 parts of photosensitizer. The Chinese patent application No. 201811295553.9 discloses a starch-based foaming buffer material and a packaging material, wherein the starch-based foaming buffer material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11-17 parts of inorganic strong base, 29-34 parts of acrylic acid, 12-24 parts of acrylamide, 6-15 parts of starch, 0.4-0.6 part of initiator, 0.4-0.6 part of plasticizer and 0.4-0.6 part of cross-linking agent.
In order to solve the problems of poor resilience, low foaming multiplying power, low density and poor toughness of the starch foaming material, and simultaneously improve the defect that the resilience performance of the starch foaming material is affected by the fact that the starch foaming material is easily affected by damp, a novel starch-based foaming packaging material is necessary to be provided, and further the comprehensive performance of the starch foaming material is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of low rebound rate, low foaming ratio and easy damping of the existing starch foaming packaging material, the invention provides a low-cost high-rebound resilience biodegradable damping packaging material and a preparation method thereof, so that the rebound resilience, the foaming ratio and the water resistance of the material are improved while the low cost and the biodegradability of the starch foaming material are ensured, and the material has an excellent damping and buffering effect.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a low-cost high-resilience biodegradable shock-absorbing packaging material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding starch and water into a high-speed mixer, heating to 60-100 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 500-700rpm for 12-18min to gelatinize the starch to form slurry paste, then adding unbundled straw fibers, continuously stirring for 20-30min to enable the starch paste to be completely adhered to the straw fibers and form a dough, and then discharging, cooling and crushing to obtain fluffy flocculent materials;
(2) adding starch, polyvinyl alcohol, a nucleating agent and silicone oil into a high-speed mixer, uniformly dispersing at room temperature, adding water, and continuously stirring to a semi-dry state to obtain a semi-dry material;
(3) feeding the semi-dry material into a single-screw extruder, controlling the screw extrusion temperature to be 80-110 ℃ and the rotating speed to be 45-60Hz, so that the extruded material is in a white sheet shape, plasticizing part of polyvinyl alcohol, naturally cooling, crushing and sieving by a 5-mesh sieve to obtain crushed particles;
(4) uniformly mixing the flocculent material and the crushed particles, and then extruding and foaming by a short-long-pass-ratio single-screw extruder, wherein the rotating speed of the single-screw extruder is 300-500r/min, and the pressure is 30-60MPa, so as to obtain the low-cost high-resilience biodegradable damping packaging material.
In the starch gelatinization process, sufficient water is a key factor for ensuring the starch gelatinization, so that the gelatinization effect of the starch can be deepened by increasing the water consumption, and the plasticizing performance of the starch is further improved, so that the water consumption is preferably 60 percent of the starch quality; in the starch gelatinization process, the stirring can promote the disintegration of starch granules, so the stirring speed is also an important factor for improving the starch gelatinization; the starch paste obtained by the invention is easy to be completely adhered to straw fibers, has certain plasticizing processing performance, can realize complete degradation and reduce the cost of the foaming material, can realize uniform dispersion after the fibers are foamed, endows the foaming material with excellent resilience, prevents the foam from collapsing and improves the toughness. Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the starch, the water and the straw fiber is 10:6: 15-30.
Preferably, the straw fiber is obtained by processing one or more than two of wheat straw, rice straw, corn straw, sorghum straw, cereal straw, rape straw, hemp straw, reed straw, cotton straw and bean straw, and the length of the straw fiber is 0.9-2 mm.
Preferably, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the starch, the polyvinyl alcohol, the nucleating agent, the silicone oil and the water is 100:70-100:5-15:12-18: 12; the adding amount of water is controlled to be 12% of the mass of the starch, so that the starch is in a semi-dry state when being mixed at room temperature, agglomeration is prevented, and subsequent feeding is influenced.
Preferably, the starch is one or a combination of more than two of mung bean starch, cassava starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch, water caltrop starch, lotus root starch and corn starch.
Preferably, the nucleating agent is one of nano talcum powder and nano silicon dioxide.
Furthermore, by controlling the proportion of water consumption and starch quality, the starch is effectively ensured to be in a semi-dry state during room temperature mixing, and agglomeration can be prevented from influencing subsequent feeding; by adding the silicone oil, the foaming fluidity of the starch is increased, the surface gloss of the starch foaming material is uniform, and the water resistance and the moisture resistance of the material are improved; in the case of a single screw extruder using a head pressure, the screw rotation speed must be well controlled, because too low a rotation speed causes complete plasticization of polyvinyl alcohol, which affects the foaming ratio, and too high a rotation speed causes advanced foaming, so that the rotation speed is controlled to be 45-60Hz, more preferably 50Hz, the screw extrusion temperature is 100 ℃, and the material is preferably in a white flake shape.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the flocculent material to the crushed particles in the step (4) is 1: 3-5.
Furthermore, in the final short-length-ratio single-screw extruder extrusion foaming process, in order to ensure that high pressure is established in a die head during foaming, the residual moisture in the mixed material is rapidly foamed under the action of high-speed shearing and high-pressure of the short-length-ratio single-screw extruder, and the shock-absorbing foaming material with moderate hardness, proper elasticity and soft surface is obtained. Preferably, the length-diameter ratio of the short-length-ratio single screw machine in the step (4) is 10-15:1, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of a screw cylinder of the single screw to the cross-sectional area of an opening of the die is more than 30, and the shape of the opening of the die can be one of a cylinder shape, a sheet shape, a bow shape and a tooth shape.
The invention also provides a low-cost high-resilience biodegradable shock-absorbing packaging material prepared by the preparation method, and the shock-absorbing foaming packaging material is prepared by gelatinizing starch, stirring the gelatinized starch and unbundled straw fibers at a high speed to form flocculent materials, simultaneously mixing the starch, polyvinyl alcohol, a nucleating agent, silicon oil and water, extruding by a screw, crushing into particles, uniformly mixing the flocculent materials and the crushed particles, and extruding and foaming by a single screw machine.
The existing starch foaming material has the defects of low rebound rate, low foaming multiplying power and easy damping, and the application of the existing starch foaming material in the field of packaging materials is limited. In view of the above, the invention provides a low-cost high-resilience biodegradable damping packaging material and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the steps of adding starch and water into a high-speed mixer, heating and stirring at a high speed for gelatinization to form slurry paste, adding unbundled straw fibers into the high-speed mixer, continuously stirring until the starch paste is completely adhered to the straw fibers to form a dough, discharging, cooling and crushing to form fluffy flocculent materials; dispersing starch, polyvinyl alcohol, nucleating agent and silicone oil uniformly in a high-speed mixer at room temperature, then adding water, and stirring to a semi-dry state; feeding the semi-dry material into a single-screw extruder with inorganic head pressure, cooling after extrusion, and crushing into particles; and uniformly mixing the floccules and the crushed particles, and extruding and foaming by a single screw extruder to obtain the damping foam material. The damping packaging material provided by the invention can realize complete degradation, is low in cost, has excellent rebound resilience, uniform surface gloss, good water resistance and moisture resistance, has moderate hardness, proper elasticity and soft surface, and has wide application prospect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a low-cost high-resilience biodegradable damping packaging material and a preparation method thereof, and the outstanding characteristics and excellent effects are as follows:
1. according to the invention, the gelatinized starch is coated on the unbundled straw fibers in advance, so that the obtained foam material can be completely degraded, the cost of the foam material is reduced, the fibers are uniformly dispersed after being foamed, the foam material is endowed with excellent resilience, and the foam body can be prevented from collapsing.
2. By adding the silicone oil into the foaming material, the foaming fluidity of the starch is increased, the surface gloss of the starch foaming material is uniform, and the water resistance and the moisture resistance are improved.
3. The damping packaging material obtained by the invention has moderate hardness, proper elasticity and soft surface, and has the advantages of environmental protection, no pollution, low cost, reproducibility and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the photograph of the foam obtained in example 1 was found to have a loose foam, a high magnification and a good surface gloss.
FIG. 2 is a drawing: comparative example 1 straw fiber was not pre-coated with gelatinized starch, the foaming ratio was low, and the surface gloss was poor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.
Example 1
(1) Adding starch and water into a high-speed mixer, heating to 90 ℃, stirring at a rotating speed of 580rpm for 16min to enable the starch to be gelatinized to form slurry paste, then adding the unbundled straw fibers into the high-speed mixer, continuing stirring for 24min to enable the starch paste to be completely adhered to the straw fibers and to form a dough, and then discharging, cooling and crushing to obtain fluffy flocculent materials; the starch is mung bean starch; wherein the mass ratio of the starch, the water and the straw fiber is 10:6: 23;
(2) adding starch, polyvinyl alcohol, a nucleating agent and silicone oil into a high-speed mixer, uniformly dispersing at room temperature, adding water, and continuously stirring to a semi-dry state to obtain a semi-dry material; the starch is mung bean starch; the straw fiber is obtained by processing wheat straw; the nucleating agent is nano talcum powder; wherein the mass ratio of the starch to the polyvinyl alcohol to the nucleating agent to the silicone oil to the water is 100:90:9:16: 12;
(3) feeding the semi-dry material into a single-screw extruder with inorganic head pressure, controlling the extrusion temperature and the rotation speed of the screw to enable the extruded material to be in a white sheet shape, plasticizing part of polyvinyl alcohol, naturally cooling, crushing and sieving by a 5-mesh sieve to obtain crushed particles; the single screw extruder is a single screw extruder with inorganic head pressure, the screw extrusion temperature is 100 ℃, and the rotating speed is controlled at 50 Hz;
(4) uniformly mixing the flocculent material and the crushed particles, and then extruding and foaming the flocculent material and the crushed particles by a short-long single screw extruder to obtain a low-cost high-resilience biodegradable damping packaging material; wherein the mass ratio of the flocculent material to the crushed particles is 1: 4; the length-diameter ratio of the short-length warp single-screw machine is 13:1, the ratio of the cross section area of a screw cylinder of the single screw to the cross section area of an opening of a die head is 33, the rotating speed is 400r/min, the pressure is 45MPa, and the opening of the die head is cylindrical.
The test method comprises the following steps:
the resilience performance of the damping packaging material prepared in the embodiment is tested, the diameter of the damping packaging material sample is tested by using a vernier caliper, then the sample is clamped by using the vernier caliper to be compressed to 1/2 parts of the diameter, the sample is released after 5 seconds, the diameter of the pressed part is measured by using the vernier caliper after 1min, and the formula of the resilience rate is calculated: the rebound resilience = (size after rebound-1/2 diameter)/(1/2 diameter) × 100%, and the results are shown in table 1;
the shock absorption packaging material prepared in the embodiment is subjected to a foaming ratio test, the radial expansion rate of the shock absorption packaging material in the screw extrusion foaming process is tested according to the GB/T6342-1996 standard, and then the foaming ratio is calculated: foaming ratio = foam sample cross-section radius/die cross-section radius, and the results are shown in table 1; the foaming ratio is high, and the foam is full. As shown in figure 1.
The cushioning packaging material obtained in this example was subjected to a water resistance test, the cushioning packaging material was made into a spherical foam having a diameter of 3cm, the sample was first baked in a vacuum oven at 70 ℃ for 24 hours, and then weighed, and the weight W at this time was recorded0Then placing in water at room temperature, removing surface water after 12h, and weighing again to obtain WtAnd calculating the water absorption rate after repeating the test for six times: water absorption = (W)t-W0)/W0X100% , the results obtained are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
(1) Adding starch and water into a high-speed mixer, heating to 60 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 500rpm for 18min to enable the starch to be gelatinized to form slurry paste, then adding the unbundled straw fibers into the high-speed mixer, continuing stirring for 20min to enable the starch paste to be completely adhered to the straw fibers and to form a dough, and then discharging, cooling and crushing to obtain fluffy flocculent materials; the starch is cassava starch; wherein the mass ratio of the starch, the water and the straw fiber is 10:6: 15;
(2) adding starch, polyvinyl alcohol, a nucleating agent and silicone oil into a high-speed mixer, uniformly dispersing at room temperature, adding water, and continuously stirring to a semi-dry state to obtain a semi-dry material; the starch is cassava starch; the straw fiber is obtained by processing rice straw; the nucleating agent is nano silicon dioxide; wherein the mass ratio of the starch to the polyvinyl alcohol to the nucleating agent to the silicone oil to the water is 100:70:5:12: 12;
(3) feeding the semi-dry material into a single-screw extruder with inorganic head pressure, controlling the extrusion temperature and the rotation speed of the screw to enable the extruded material to be in a white sheet shape, plasticizing part of polyvinyl alcohol, naturally cooling, crushing and sieving by a 5-mesh sieve to obtain crushed particles; the single screw extruder is a single screw extruder with inorganic head pressure, the screw extrusion temperature is 80 ℃, and the rotating speed is controlled at 45 Hz;
(4) uniformly mixing the flocculent material and the crushed particles, and then extruding and foaming the flocculent material and the crushed particles by a short-long single screw extruder to obtain a low-cost high-resilience biodegradable damping packaging material; wherein the mass ratio of the flocculent material to the crushed particles is 1: 3; the length-diameter ratio of the short-length warp single screw machine is 10:1, the ratio of the cross section area of a screw cylinder of the single screw to the cross section area of the opening of the die head is 31, the rotating speed is 350r/min, the pressure is 60MPa, and the opening of the die head is flaky.
The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
(1) Adding starch and water into a high-speed mixer, heating to 100 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 700rpm for 12min to enable the starch to be gelatinized to form slurry paste, then adding the unbundled straw fibers into the high-speed mixer, continuing stirring for 30min to enable the starch paste to be completely adhered to the straw fibers and to form a dough, and then discharging, cooling and crushing to obtain fluffy flocculent materials; the starch is sweet potato starch; wherein the mass ratio of the starch, the water and the straw fiber is 10:6: 30;
(2) adding starch, polyvinyl alcohol, a nucleating agent and silicone oil into a high-speed mixer, uniformly dispersing at room temperature, adding water, and continuously stirring to a semi-dry state to obtain a semi-dry material; the starch is sweet potato starch; the straw fiber is obtained by processing corn straw; the nucleating agent is nano talcum powder; wherein the mass ratio of the starch to the polyvinyl alcohol to the nucleating agent to the silicone oil to the water is 100: 100: 15: 18: 12;
(3) feeding the semi-dry material into a single-screw extruder with inorganic head pressure, controlling the extrusion temperature and the rotation speed of the screw to enable the extruded material to be in a white sheet shape, plasticizing part of polyvinyl alcohol, naturally cooling, crushing and sieving by a 5-mesh sieve to obtain crushed particles; the single screw extruder is a single screw extruder with inorganic head pressure, the screw extrusion temperature is 110 ℃, and the rotating speed is controlled at 60 Hz;
(4) uniformly mixing the flocculent material and the crushed particles, and then extruding and foaming the flocculent material and the crushed particles by a short-long single screw extruder to obtain a low-cost high-resilience biodegradable damping packaging material; wherein the mass ratio of the flocculent material to the crushed particles is 1: 5; the length-diameter ratio of the short-length warp single-screw machine is 15:1, the ratio of the cross section area of a screw cylinder of the single screw to the cross section area of an opening of a die head is 35, the rotating speed is 500r/min, the pressure is 30MPa, and the opening of the die head is in a bow shape.
The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Example 4
(1) Adding starch and water into a high-speed mixer, heating to 80 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 600rpm for 15min to enable the starch to be gelatinized to form slurry paste, then adding the unbundled straw fibers into the high-speed mixer, continuing stirring for 25min to enable the starch paste to be completely adhered to the straw fibers and to form a dough, and then discharging, cooling and crushing to obtain fluffy flocculent materials; the starch is corn starch; wherein the mass ratio of the starch, the water and the straw fiber is 10:6: 25;
(2) adding starch, polyvinyl alcohol, a nucleating agent and silicone oil into a high-speed mixer, uniformly dispersing at room temperature, adding water, and continuously stirring to a semi-dry state to obtain a semi-dry material; the starch is corn starch; the straw fiber is obtained by processing sorghum straw; the nucleating agent is nano talcum powder and nano silicon dioxide; wherein the mass ratio of the starch to the polyvinyl alcohol to the nucleating agent to the silicone oil to the water is 100:85:10:15: 12;
(3) feeding the semi-dry material into a single-screw extruder with inorganic head pressure, controlling the extrusion temperature and the rotation speed of the screw to enable the extruded material to be in a white sheet shape, plasticizing part of polyvinyl alcohol, naturally cooling, crushing and sieving by a 5-mesh sieve to obtain crushed particles; the single screw extruder is a single screw extruder with inorganic head pressure, the screw extrusion temperature is 100 ℃, and the rotating speed is controlled at 50 Hz;
(4) uniformly mixing the flocculent material and the crushed particles, and then extruding and foaming the flocculent material and the crushed particles by a short-long single screw extruder to obtain a low-cost high-resilience biodegradable damping packaging material; wherein the mass ratio of the flocculent material to the crushed particles is 1: 4; the length-diameter ratio of the short-length warp single screw machine is 12:1, the ratio of the cross section area of a screw cylinder of the single screw to the cross section area of an opening of a die head is 32, the rotating speed is 450r/min, the pressure is 50MPa, and the opening shape of the die head is in a tooth shape.
The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
In comparison with example 1, comparative example 1 shows that the unbundled straw fibers are not coated with gelatinized starch in advance, but are directly added with unbundled straw fibers, and the prepared damping packaging material is tested by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in table 1. The foam has a low expansion ratio, poor porosity and a non-round surface. As shown in fig. 2.
Table 1:
| performance index | Rebound resilience (%) | Expansion ratio | Water absorption (%) at 12h |
| Example 1 | 96.5 | 16.6 | 19.2 |
| Example 2 | 96.7 | 17.3 | 12.5 |
| Example 3 | 96.2 | 17.2 | 13.6 |
| Example 4 | 96.4 | 16.9 | 12.1 |
| Comparative example 1 | 63.3 | 10.8 | 23.2 |
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a low-cost high-resilience biodegradable shock-absorbing packaging material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) adding starch and water into a high-speed mixer, heating to 60-100 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 500-700rpm for 12-18min to gelatinize the starch to form slurry paste, then adding unbundled straw fibers, continuously stirring for 20-30min to enable the starch paste to be completely adhered to the straw fibers and form a dough, and then discharging, cooling and crushing to obtain fluffy flocculent materials;
(2) adding starch, polyvinyl alcohol, a nucleating agent and silicone oil into a high-speed mixer, uniformly dispersing at room temperature, adding water, and continuously stirring to a semi-dry state to obtain a semi-dry material;
(3) feeding the semi-dry material into a single-screw extruder, controlling the screw extrusion temperature to be 80-110 ℃ and the rotating speed to be 45-60Hz, so that the extruded material is in a white sheet shape, plasticizing part of polyvinyl alcohol, naturally cooling, crushing and sieving by a 5-mesh sieve to obtain crushed particles;
(4) uniformly mixing the flocculent material and the crushed particles, and extruding and foaming by a single screw extruder with a short-length-diameter ratio, wherein the rotating speed of the single screw extruder is 300-; the length-diameter ratio of the single screw machine is 10-15:1, the ratio of the cross section area of the screw cylinder of the single screw to the cross section area of the opening of the die head is more than 30, and the opening of the die head can be in one of a cylindrical shape, a sheet shape, an arch shape and a tooth shape.
2. The preparation method of the low-cost high-resilience biodegradable shock-absorbing packaging material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the mass ratio of the starch, the water and the straw fiber is 10:6: 15-30.
3. The method for preparing the biodegradable shock-absorbing packaging material with low cost and high resilience as claimed in claim 1, wherein the straw fiber is obtained by processing one or more than two of wheat straw, rice straw, corn straw, sorghum straw, rape straw, hemp straw, reed straw, cotton straw and bean straw, and the length of the straw fiber is 0.9-2 mm.
4. The preparation method of the low-cost high-resilience biodegradable shock-absorbing packaging material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the mass ratio of the starch, the polyvinyl alcohol, the nucleating agent, the silicone oil and the water is 100:70-100:5-15:12-18: 12.
5. The method for preparing the low-cost high-resilience biodegradable shock-absorbing packaging material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the starch is one or a combination of more than two of mung bean starch, tapioca starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch, water chestnut starch, lotus root starch and corn starch.
6. The method for preparing the biodegradable shock-absorbing packaging material with low cost and high resilience as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nucleating agent is one of nano talc powder and nano silica.
7. The method for preparing the biodegradable shock-absorbing packaging material with low cost and high resilience according to claim 1, wherein the single-screw extruder in the step (3) is a single-screw extruder with inorganic head pressure, the temperature of the screw extrusion is 100 ℃, and the rotating speed is controlled at 50 Hz.
8. The preparation method of the low-cost high-resilience biodegradable shock-absorbing packaging material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the flocculent to the crushed particles in step (4) is 1: 3-5.
9. A low-cost high-resilience biodegradable shock-absorbing packaging material prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN111572999A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-25 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Wood fiber foaming type packaging paperboard and preparation method thereof |
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