CN1101240C - Press filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The pressure filter of the present invention comprises a cylindrical shell, a concentric circular filter plate is built in the shell, a scraper is arranged inside the filter plate, the filter plate and the scraper rotate relative to each other, and a row is arranged at the bottom of the shell between the filter plate and the shell. Fluid channel. There is no turbulence in the liquid to be filtered in the filter plate, and a filter cake can be formed inside the filter plate, so that the filter plate becomes the carrier of the filter cake to achieve filter cake filtration; liquid splitting; the bottom of the isolation chamber is equipped with a control head with double friction surfaces to realize dynamic collection and discharge of the filtrate in the isolation chamber.

Description

pressure filter

The invention belongs to a material separation device, especially a pressure filter.

So far, in order to remove solids in industrial wastewater, such as papermaking waste liquid, multi-disc recovery machines and belt filter presses are mainly used. The problems are high equipment cost and low separation efficiency. The latest separation technology is the use of pressure screens with special sieve plates to separate solids from industrial wastewater or to recycle fibers from papermaking wastewater. The representative product of this kind of pressure filter screen is the use of cylindrical stainless steel screen as the filter medium in the tank device. Its disadvantages are:

—The turbulent flow caused by the rotor of the sieving machine prevents the formation of the filter cake, and cannot form a filter cake with better filtering effect;

—Simple screen filtration cannot achieve good liquid-solid separation effect;

- Clear filtrate and turbid filtrate cannot be separated.

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a new pressure filter technical scheme, so that it can realize effective filter cake filtration technology, and can separate clear and turbid filtrate and improve the filtration capacity per unit filtration area.

The pressure filter of the present invention comprises a cylindrical shell, a concentric circular filter plate is built in the shell, a scraper is arranged in the filter plate, the filter plate and the scraper rotate relative to each other, and a row is arranged at the bottom of the shell between the filter plate and the shell. Fluid channel.

The filter plate can be a fixed filter plate, and the scraper is a rotary scraper; an isolation chamber is set between the housing and the filter plate, and the wall height of the isolation chamber wall is not lower than the liquid level in the filter plate, and is connected to the filter plate and the shell. The bottom of the isolation chamber is also equipped with a control head that rotates synchronously with the rotary scraper. There are at least two diversion holes on the control head, which are separated and separately installed in each isolation chamber. At different radii of the trough plate, the bottom of the shell and the control head are equipped with a filtrate drain trough plate, and each diversion hole on the corresponding control head on the filter liquid trough plate is provided with an annular filtrate drain plate separated from each other. The tank and each ring-shaped filtrate tank each have a drain hole and an external filtrate pipeline; an isolation chamber chassis integrated with the shell can be provided at the bottom of the isolation chamber, and a liquid penetration hole is provided on the chassis. The isolation chamber chassis is connected to the isolation chamber. The chamber wall is integrally or separately sealed and connected, and the control head is in surface contact with the filter chamber chassis; the liquid inlet of the filter is set at the upper part of the shell, and the slag discharge port is set at the bottom of the shell.

The scraper can also be a fixed scraper, and the filter plate is a rotating filter plate; more than two isolation chambers integrated with the filter plate can be provided between the housing and the filter plate, and the wall height of the isolation chamber is not lower than that of the filter plate. The liquid level in the plate, the bottom of the isolation chamber is provided with diversion holes, the positions of the diversion holes in the same room are at the same radius, and the positions of the diversion holes in different rooms are set at no less than two different radii. Corresponding to the diversion holes of different radii on the shell, there are ring-shaped filtration liquid tanks isolated from each other. The upper part of the shell and the slag discharge port are set at the bottom of the shell; it is also possible to set more than two isolation chambers integrated with the shell between the shell and the filter plate, and the lower part of the isolation chamber is provided with drain holes to connect the drains The liquid pipeline, the liquid inlet of the filter is set on the upper part of the shell, and the slag discharge port is set on the bottom of the shell.

The outstanding essential feature of the present invention is that a relatively rotating scraper is set in the cylindrical filter plate, there is no turbulent flow in the liquid to be filtered in the filter plate, and a filter cake can be formed inside the filter plate, so that the filter plate becomes the carrier of the filter cake, and the filter plate is realized. Cake filtration; another outstanding substantive feature is that there is an isolation chamber between the shell and the filter plate to separate and discharge the clear and turbid liquid; another outstanding substantive feature is that the bottom of the isolation chamber is equipped with double friction surfaces and The control head with diversion holes can realize the dynamic collection and discharge of the filtrate in the isolation chamber. The remarkable progress of the invention is that the structure is simple, and at the same time, it has the effects of high-efficiency filtration and turbid flow separation.

Embodiment of the present invention is shown in the figure:

Fig. 1 is a structural form in which the filter plate and the isolation chamber are fixed, and the scraper and the control head rotate; Fig. 1A is a front sectional view, and Fig. 1B is a schematic top view;

Fig. 2 is a structural form in which the scraper is fixed, the filter plate, the isolation chamber, and the control head rotate; Fig. 2A is a front sectional view, and Fig. 2B is a schematic top view;

Fig. 3 is a structural form in which the scraper is fixed to the isolation chamber and the filter plate is rotated; Fig. 3A is a front sectional view, and Fig. 3B is a schematic top view.

The symbols in the figure indicate:

1. Shell, 2. Filter plate, 3. Scraper, 4. Rotary drive shaft, 5. Isolation chamber, 6. Partition plate, 7. Control head, 8. Clear liquid diversion hole, 9. Turbid liquid diversion hole , 10, sealing ring, 11, clear liquid annular groove discharge port, 12, turbid liquid annular groove discharge port, 13, shell bottom, 14, isolation chamber chassis, 15, waste water inlet, 16, slag discharge port.

The present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments:

As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the pressure filter of the present invention includes a cylindrical housing 1, a concentric circular filter plate 2 is built in the housing, and a scraper 3 is arranged in the filter plate, and the filter plate 2 and the scraper 3 rotate relatively , The bottom 13 of the housing between the filter plate 2 and the housing 1 is provided with drainage channels 11 and 12 .

The structure of the embodiment shown in Figure 1A and B is: the scraper 3 is connected integrally with the rotating drive shaft 4 through a cantilever, and the filter plate 2 and the isolation chamber 5 separated by a partition 6 between it and the housing 1 are fixed on the housing 1, a chassis 14 can be provided at the bottom of the isolation chamber 5, and a drainage hole is provided on the chassis 14. The chassis 14 is in surface contact with the control head 7. The function of the chassis 14 is to make the isolation chamber better sealed. The chassis 14 is integrated with the housing 1 The setting can also facilitate the positioning of the filter plate and the wall plate of the isolation chamber when assembling the whole machine. It can also be coated with a wear-resistant and lubricating coating on the contact surface between the chassis 14 and the control head 7, reducing the number of the chassis 14 and the control heads arranged below. 7, the control head 7 is integrally connected with the rotary drive shaft 4 through a cantilever, and Fig. 1B shows that diversion holes 8 and 9 are separately set on different widths of the control head 7, and at least two diversion holes are separately arranged on At different radii, annular grooves are provided on the guide holes 8 and 9 corresponding to the control head 7 at the bottom 13 of the housing 1, and the sections of the annular grooves 11 and 12 and their liquid outlets are shown on Fig. 1A. A sealing ring 10 is provided between the bottom of the shell 13, a waste water inlet 15 is set on the upper part of the shell, and reaches the inner cylinder of the filter plate across the isolation chamber 5, and a slag discharge port 16 is set on the bottom of the shell.

The working process of the embodiment in Fig. 1 is: waste water enters the filter plate 2, and in the process of its downward movement, it leaks to the surroundings through the filter plate 2 under the action of pressure, and quickly forms a filter cake inside the filter plate 2. Plate 2 is the carrier of the filter cake, which has a good filtering effect, so ordinary filter plates can be used instead of expensive stainless steel microporous filter plates. When the filter cake is too thick, the scraper 3 rotates to scrape it off as filter residue, which is discharged through the slag discharge port 16 at the bottom of the shell; the isolation chamber 5, which rotates synchronously with the scraper 3, receives the filtrate, and follows the isolation of the scraper. The chamber accepts the filtrate before the formation of the filter cake, and its turbidity is relatively high; then the isolation chamber until the leading position of the scraper accepts the filtrate after the formation of the filter cake, and realizes pressure or vacuum filtration with the filter cake as the filter medium. The clarity is relatively high; the filtrate in the isolation chamber passes through the through holes on the chassis 14, passes through the diversion holes 8 and 9 set on the control head 7, and diverts the flow through the annular grooves 11 and 12 corresponding to the diversion holes 8 and 9 Clear and turbid liquid; multiple diversion holes and annular grooves can be set according to the needs of use, and the filtrates of different turbidity received by each isolation chamber 5 are divided through the diversion holes at different radii, and then exported through the corresponding annular grooves . The scraper 3 rotates very slowly, which can periodically form the filter cake and at the same time periodically destroy the filter cake. After the first scraper destroys the formed filter cake, there is still enough time for the filter cake to re-form and filter the filter cake for a certain period of time before the second scraper arrives. In order to prevent the low-concentration feed from flowing directly through the filter area, a bottom with a fan-shaped opening in the direction of the scraper advance and a vertical partition at the same height as the filter area can be designed at the bottom of the scraper rotor, so that the filtrate is divided into two parts, Not shown in the figure, but can be imagined based on this description. The two fan-shaped openings allow the damaged filter cake in each part to be discharged smoothly from the filter area, and the vertical partition can prevent the filter cake fragments on the side of the scraper from mixing with the feed liquid on the rear side of the partition.

The differences in the structure of the embodiment shown in Figure 2A and B are: the scraper 3 is integrally connected with the housing 1 through a cantilever, the filter plate 2 and the isolation chamber 5 are integrally connected with the rotating drive shaft 4 through a cantilever, and the chassis of the isolation chamber 5 The control head 7 below 14 is integrated with the bottom 13 of the housing, the guide holes 8, 9 and the scraper 3 are in a relatively static position, and the annular groove is eliminated.

The working process of Fig. 2 embodiment is: waste water enters in the filter plate 2 by the inlet 15, leaks into the isolation chamber 5 through the filter plate 2, enters the guide holes 11, 12 on the shell bottom 13 through the chassis 14 and discharges. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the scraper 3 is fixed, while the filter plate 2 and the isolation chamber 5 rotate, and the filtering principle is the same as that of the embodiment in FIG. 1 .

The differences in the structure of the embodiment shown in Figure 3A and B are: the isolation chamber 5 is integrated with the housing 1, the scraper 3 is integrated with the housing 1 through the cantilever, the filter plate 2 is integrated with the rotary drive through the cantilever, and the scraper 3 is integrated with the cantilever The housing 1 is integrated, and the filter plate 2 is integrally connected with the rotating drive shaft 4 through a suspension; the filter plate 2 rotates, and the scraper 3 and the isolation chamber 5 are in a relatively static position; there are drain pipes 11 and 12 on the wall of the isolation chamber to the outside of the housing.

The working process of the embodiment of Fig. 3 is: waste water enters in the filter plate 2 through the inlet 15, leaks into the isolation chamber 5 through the filter plate 2, and is exported through the outlets 11, 12; the principle of its filtration is the same as that of the embodiment of Fig. 1.

The working parts of the pressure filter of the present invention are all immersed in water, and the working time is long and the efficiency is high.

The invention can be applied to industrial filter equipment, and can also be applied to small laboratory instruments. It can be used for wastewater treatment, and can also be used for the separation of mixed liquids.

Claims (7)

1. A pressure filter, comprising a cylindrical housing, characterized in that the housing has a built-in concentric circular filter plate, a scraper is arranged in the filter plate, the filter plate and the scraper rotate relatively, and the bottom of the housing between the filter plate and the housing Has a drainage channel. 2. The filter according to claim 1, wherein the filter plate is a fixed filter plate, and the scraper is a rotary scraper. 3. The filter according to claim 2, characterized in that an isolation chamber is set between the housing and the filter plate, the wall height of the isolation chamber wall is not lower than the liquid level in the filter plate, and is integrated with the filter plate and the housing Or separate sealed connection, the bottom of the isolation chamber is also equipped with a control head that rotates synchronously with the rotary scraper, and the control head is provided with diversion holes, at least two diversion holes are separated and the first one is installed on the slot plate in each isolation chamber At different radii, the bottom of the shell and the control head are equipped with a filtrate drain tank plate, and each diversion hole on the filter liquid drain tank plate corresponding to the control head is provided with a ring-shaped filtrate drain tank that is separated from each other. Each of the ring-shaped filtrate drain tanks has a liquid discharge hole and a filtrate pipe. The liquid inlet of the filter is arranged on the upper part of the shell, and the slag discharge port is arranged on the bottom of the shell. 4. The filter according to claim 3, characterized in that an isolation chamber chassis integrated with the housing is provided at the bottom of the isolation chamber, the isolation chamber chassis is integrally or separately sealed with the isolation chamber wall, and the control head is connected to the filter chamber chassis. for surface contact. 5. The filter according to claim 1, wherein the scraper is a fixed scraper, and the filter plate is a rotary filter plate. 6. The filter according to claim 5, characterized in that there are more than two isolation chambers integrated with the filter plate between the housing and the filter plate, and the wall height of the isolation chamber is not lower than that of the liquid in the filter plate. On the other hand, there are diversion holes at the bottom of the isolation chamber. The position of the diversion holes in the same chamber is at the same radius, and the positions of the diversion holes in different chambers are set at no less than two different radii. On the shell below the isolation chamber The diversion holes with different radii are provided with mutually isolated ring-shaped filtrate tanks, and each ring-shaped filter liquid tank has a liquid drain hole and is connected with a filtrate pipe externally, and the liquid inlet of the filter is set on the upper part of the shell. , The slag discharge port is located at the bottom of the shell. 7. The filter according to claim 5, characterized in that an isolation chamber integrated with the housing is provided between the housing and the filter plate, and the lower part of the isolation chamber is provided with drain holes respectively connected to drain pipes.

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