CN119942896B - Skull model and manufacturing method for calibration of intracranial irradiation in vivo measurement device - Google Patents
Skull model and manufacturing method for calibration of intracranial irradiation in vivo measurement deviceInfo
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- CN119942896B CN119942896B CN202411946298.5A CN202411946298A CN119942896B CN 119942896 B CN119942896 B CN 119942896B CN 202411946298 A CN202411946298 A CN 202411946298A CN 119942896 B CN119942896 B CN 119942896B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a skull model for calibrating an intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device and a preparation method thereof, wherein the skull model comprises a skull, a epidermis layer and a radioactive source, the radioactive source is arranged on the surface of the skull and is positioned at the positions corresponding to the top bone and the frontal bone on the skull, and the epidermis layer is fixed on the surface of the skull in a pouring mode and is made of tissue equivalent materials. The invention sets the radioactive source on the surface of the skull and takes the tissue equivalent material as the surface layer to form the skull model, which can simulate the deposition condition of the human body in the skull after taking in the bone-philic nuclide, namely, the radioactive source set quantity is taken as the real human body nuclide intake quantity, thereby the invention can accurately calibrate the scale of the device for measuring the irradiation living body in the skull, and further the measuring precision of the human body kernel activity is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of internal irradiation living body measurement, in particular to a skull model for calibrating an internal skull irradiation living body measurement device and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In the whole industrial chain process of the nuclear industry, radionuclides can enter the body through feeding, inhalation, wound infiltration and other modes, so that the human body is internally irradiated, and the harm is more serious than that of the same level of external irradiation. Therefore, it is particularly important to perform accurate evaluation calculation on the internal irradiation. Currently, the internal irradiation dose estimation is mainly carried out according to mathematical models of international organizations such as ICRU, NCRP and the like, the calculation method is relatively fixed, and the most important source of uncertainty in the internal irradiation dose estimation process is determination of human nuclide intake. The intake amount is determined mainly by interpretation of the measurement result of the internal irradiation living body measuring device, and therefore it is necessary to perform accurate calibration of the internal irradiation living body measuring device. Therefore, a skull model capable of simulating the deposition condition of the real nuclide is needed, and the accurate scale calibration is carried out on the internal skull irradiation living body measuring device, so that the measuring precision of the human body kernel activity is improved. At present, no such model exists in China, and a domestic intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device lacks corresponding scale calibration equipment and cannot accurately explain a measuring result. The above problems are to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a skull model for calibrating an intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device and a manufacturing method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The invention provides a skull model for calibrating an intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device, which comprises a skull, an epidermis layer and a radioactive source, wherein the radioactive source is arranged on the surface of the skull and is positioned at the position corresponding to the parietal bone and the frontal bone on the skull, and the epidermis layer is fixed on the surface of the skull in a pouring mode and is made of a tissue equivalent material.
In the skull model for calibrating the intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device, the skull comprises a skull upper half structure and a skull lower half structure, the skull upper half structure comprises a top bone part and a forehead bone part, the skull lower half structure is used for removing the rest parts of the top bone part and the forehead bone part, the epidermis layer comprises an upper half epidermis layer and a lower half epidermis layer which are connected in an adhesive mode, the upper half epidermis layer is arranged on the surface of the skull upper half structure, and the lower half epidermis layer is arranged on the surface of the skull lower half structure.
In the skull model for calibrating the intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device, the radioactive sources are point-shaped radioactive sources and are provided with a plurality of point-shaped radioactive sources, and the point-shaped radioactive sources are uniformly distributed on the surface of the skull corresponding to the positions of the parietal bone and the frontal bone.
In the skull model for calibrating the intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device, the radioactive source is arranged on the surface of the skull corresponding to the positions of the parietal bone and the frontal bone through the locating piece, the locating piece comprises a sample placing piece and a covering piece, the shape of the sample placing piece is the same as that of an expanded view of the surface of the skull corresponding to the positions of the parietal bone and the frontal bone, the radioactive source is arranged on the sample placing piece, the covering piece covers the radioactive source, and a sealing space is formed between the edge of the radioactive source and the sample placing piece.
In the skull model for calibrating the intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device of the invention, the lofting sheet is a water absorbing sheet.
The skull model for calibrating the intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device further comprises a marking structure, wherein the marking structure is arranged on the surface of the epidermis layer and used for positioning during calibration.
In the skull model for calibrating the intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device, the surface layer is of an elastic material structure.
In the skull model for the calibration of the intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device of the present invention, the skull is of a resin material structure.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the skull model according to any of the above, comprising the steps of:
acquiring a skull digital model;
Forming a skull model by three-dimensional printing of the skull digital model;
manufacturing a skull mold through the skull model;
injecting a skull material into the skull mold, and demolding to obtain a skull;
A radioactive source is arranged on the surface of the skull;
placing the skull into a epidermis forming mould, injecting a tissue equivalent material, and demoulding to obtain the skull model.
In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the skull model, which comprises the following steps:
dividing the skull digital model into an upper skull half comprising a parietal bone and a frontal bone, and the rest being a lower skull half;
forming a skull upper half model and a skull lower half model by three-dimensional printing on the skull upper half and the skull lower half respectively;
Manufacturing a skull upper half mould and a skull lower half mould by the skull upper half mould and the skull lower half mould respectively;
Injecting resin materials into the upper skull half mould and the lower skull half mould, and demoulding to obtain an upper skull half structure and a lower skull half structure;
a radioactive source is arranged on the upper half structure surface of the skull;
Placing the upper skull half structure and the lower skull half structure in corresponding scalp shaping molds respectively;
Injecting a tissue equivalent material into the scalp molding die, and demolding to obtain a skull upper half structure with an upper half epidermis layer and a skull lower half structure with a lower half epidermis layer;
And splicing the upper skull half structure and the lower skull half structure, and bonding the upper epidermis layer and the lower epidermis layer to obtain the skull model.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
The invention mainly provides a skull model for calibrating an intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device, which is based on the fact that a radioactive source is arranged on the surface of the skull, and tissue equivalent materials are used as surface layers, so that the skull model is formed, the model can simulate the deposition condition of a human body in the skull after taking in a bone-philic nuclide, namely, the obtained human nuclide intake quantity is according to the setting quantity of the radioactive source, and therefore the intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device can be calibrated in a scale more accurately, and the measuring precision of the human kernel activity is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments are briefly described below to form a part of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the description thereof illustrate the present invention and do not constitute undue limitations of the present invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a model of a skull for calibration of an intra-skull illumination biopsy device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the skull of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the upper skull half structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the upper skull half structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is one of the schematic partial cross-sectional structural views of the upper skull half of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a second schematic partial sectional view of the upper skull half structure of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. Skull, upper skull half structure, 111, parietal bone, 112, frontal bone, 12, lower skull half structure, 2, epidermis, 21, upper half epidermis, 22, lower half epidermis, 3, radioactive source, 4, locating plate, 41, sample placing plate, 42, covering plate, 43, hot melt film and 5, marking structure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention and corresponding drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and/or" unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
In the description of the present application, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, magnetically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intermediate medium, or in communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three or more, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise.
It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the application provides a skull model for calibrating an intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device and a manufacturing method thereof.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a skull model for calibrating an intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device comprises a skull 1, a skin layer 2 and a radioactive source 3, wherein the radioactive source 3 is arranged on the surface of the skull 1 and is positioned on the skull 1 at the position corresponding to the parietal bone and the frontal bone, and the skin layer 2 is fixed on the surface of the skull 1 in a pouring mode and is made of a tissue equivalent material.
The skull model for calibrating the intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device is based on the fact that the radioactive source 3 is arranged on the surface of the skull 1, the tissue equivalent material is used as the surface layer 2 to form the skull model, the quantity arranged by the radioactive source 3 is used for obtaining the human nuclide intake (namely, the quantity arranged by the radioactive source 3 is used as the retention quantity, and then the human nuclide intake is calculated), so that the model can simulate the deposition condition of the human body in the skull after the human body intakes the bone-philic nuclide, and the intra-skull irradiation living body measuring device can be calibrated in a scale more accurately, and the measuring precision of the human inner nuclide activity is improved.
In some preferred embodiments, as shown in fig. 2-4, the skull 1 comprises a skull upper half structure 11 and a skull lower half structure 12, the skull upper half structure 11 comprises a top bone part 111 and a forehead bone part 112, the skull lower half structure 12 removes the rest parts of the top bone part 111 and the forehead bone part 112 for the skull 1, the epidermis layer 2 comprises an upper half epidermis layer 21 and a lower half epidermis layer 22 which are connected in an adhering way, the upper half epidermis layer 21 is arranged on the surface of the skull upper half structure 11, the lower half epidermis layer 22 is arranged on the surface of the skull lower half structure 12, the radiation source 3 is only required to be arranged on the surface of the skull upper half structure 11 based on the skull 1 and the skull lower half structure 12, the radiation source 3 is required to be arranged on the part, the radiation source is prevented from being arranged at other positions by misoperation, the structure volume for placing the radiation source 3 can be reduced, the efficiency in manufacturing is improved, and the simulation accuracy is not affected.
In some preferred embodiments, the radioactive source 3 is a point-shaped radioactive source and is provided with a plurality of point-shaped radioactive sources which are uniformly distributed on the surface of the skull 1 corresponding to the positions of the parietal bone and the frontal bone, and based on the fact that the radioactive source 3 is arranged in a point shape, the quantity of the radioactive source 3 and thus the nuclide intake of a human body can be determined based on the quantity of the point-shaped structures, so that the effect of better simulating the actual intake of the radionuclide is achieved.
In some preferred embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the radiation source 3 is disposed on the surface of the skull 1 corresponding to the parietal and frontal bone positions by the positioning sheet 4; the positioning sheet 4 comprises a sample placing sheet 41 and a covering sheet 42; the loft sheet 41 has the same shape as the developed pattern of the surface corresponding to the parietal bone and frontal bone position on the skull 1, alternatively, the developed pattern can be obtained by developing the region of the surface corresponding to the parietal bone and frontal bone position in the digital model of the skull 1 by zbrush or So l idWorks software, preferably, when the skull 1 comprises the upper half structure 11 and the lower half structure 12 of the skull, the upper half structure 11 surface can be directly developed; the radioactive source 3 is arranged on the lofting piece 41, the cover piece 42 covers the radioactive source 3, and the edge and the lofting piece 41 form a sealed space, so that the accuracy of measurement is prevented from being influenced by the external environment, by arranging the lofting piece 41 to be identical to the unfolding pattern of the corresponding parietal bone and frontal bone position surfaces on the skull 1 and arranging the radioactive source 3 on the lofting piece 41, the lofting piece 41 can be unfolded to be planar when the radioactive source 3 is arranged, the difficulty of arranging the radioactive source 3 is reduced, the edge and the frontal bone position surfaces on the skull 1 are identical based on the fact that the lofting piece 41 is arranged to be identical to the unfolding pattern of the corresponding parietal bone and frontal bone position surfaces on the skull 1, when the positioning piece 4 is arranged on the skull 1, the edge of the positioning piece 4 is only required to be aligned with the corresponding parietal bone and frontal bone position surfaces on the skull 1, the combining process is more convenient, preferably, the skull 1 comprises a skull upper half structure 11 and a skull lower half structure 12, the lofting piece 41 is identical to the surface unfolding pattern of the skull upper half structure 11, the difficulty of arranging the lofting piece 41 and the upper half structure 11 is easier to be arranged based on the edge and the upper half structure 11 is easier to be arranged, the positioning sheet 4 is preferably a flexible sheet, so that the surface of the skull 1 can be better attached, the covering sheet 42 can be selected as a sealing film, and further preferably, the melting temperature of the covering sheet 42 is slightly lower than the temperature of the equivalent tissue material when pouring, such as the temperature of the covering sheet 42 is propped against 1-2 ℃, so that the temperature of the covering sheet 42 is raised and melted when pouring is performed, and a seal is formed between the epidermis layer 2 and the skull 1, thereby ensuring that the radiation source 3 is in a sealed environment on one hand, and eliminating the influence of the covering sheet 42 on the measurement accuracy on the other hand.
In some preferred embodiments, the loft sheet 41 is a water absorbing sheet, that is, made of a water absorbing material, so that the radioactive source 3 can be prevented from flowing when the radioactive source 3 is disposed, and the disposed position is more accurate.
In some preferred embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, the positioning sheet 4 further comprises a hot melt film 43, and the hot melt film 43 is attached to the surface of the skull 1, and based on the arrangement of the hot melt film 43, on one hand, the position adjustment is not affected when the positioning sheet 4 is placed, on the other hand, when the epidermis 2 is poured, the hot melt film 43 melts to fix the sample placing sheet 41 on the surface of the skull 1, so that the movement of the sample placing sheet is avoided, and the accuracy of the arrangement position is ensured, namely, the melting temperature of the hot melt film 43 is less than the pouring temperature of the epidermis 2.
In some preferred embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the radiation source further comprises a marking structure 5, wherein the marking structure 5 is arranged on the surface of the epidermis layer 2 for positioning during calibration, specifically, the marking structure 5 is a cross wire or other structure capable of achieving positioning alignment, preferably, the marking structure 5 is arranged on the surface of the epidermis layer 2 corresponding to the side surface or the top surface of the skull 1, further preferably, the marking structure 5 is made of a radiation luminescent material, so that on one hand, alignment can be achieved under the condition of dark light, and on the other hand, the radiation source 3 can also be used for indicating whether the radiation source 3 has enough activity concentration, such as different colors along with decay of the radiation source 3.
In some preferred embodiments, the epidermis layer 2 is an elastic material structure, and the epidermis layer 2 tissue equivalent material of elastic material is adopted to be closer to the real human body.
In some preferred embodiments, the skull 1 is of a resin material structure, i.e. a resin material is selected as bone equivalent tissue material.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a skull model in the above embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:
Optionally, establishing a skull digital model which can represent Chinese adult males by using 3D modeling software according to related parameters of the Chinese male skull in a book of Chinese anatomy figure;
Forming a skull model by three-dimensional printing of the skull digital model;
Manufacturing a skull mold through a skull model;
Injecting a skull material into the skull mold, and demolding to obtain a skull 1;
A radiation source 3 is arranged on the surface of the skull 1;
Placing the skull 1 in an epidermis forming mould, injecting a tissue equivalent material (particularly gamma radiation equivalent soft tissue), and demoulding to obtain the skull model.
According to the preparation method, the radioactive source 3 is arranged on the surface of the skull 1, the tissue equivalent material is used as the epidermis layer2 to form the skull model, and the real human nuclide intake is simulated by the quantity arranged by the radioactive source 3, so that the model can simulate the deposition condition of the human body in the skull after the human body intakes the bone-philic nuclide, and the calibration of the in-skull irradiation living body measuring device can be accurately carried out, so that the measuring precision of the human body kernel activity is improved.
In some preferred embodiments, the radiation source 3 is disposed on the surface of the skull 1 by the positioning plate 4, and the disposing the radiation source 3 on the surface of the skull 1 comprises:
the lofting sheet 41 of the positioning sheet 4 is unfolded, the radioactive source 3 is arranged at a preset position, the covering sheet 42 is covered on the radioactive source 3, and then the radioactive source 3 is connected with the lofting sheet 41 in a sealing mode through a plastic sealing machine. Thereby reducing the difficulty of operation in setting the radiation source 3 and improving efficiency.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a skull model in which the skull 1 of the above embodiment 1 comprises a skull upper half structure 11 and a skull lower half structure 12, the skull upper half structure 11 comprises a parietal bone part 111 and a frontal bone part 112, the skull lower half structure 12 removes the remaining parts of the parietal bone part 111 and the frontal bone part 112 for the skull 1, the epidermis layer 2 comprises an upper half epidermis layer 21 and a lower half epidermis layer 22 which are connected by adhesion, the upper half epidermis layer 21 is arranged on the surface of the skull upper half structure 11, and the lower half epidermis layer 22 is arranged on the surface of the skull lower half structure 12, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Dividing the skull digital model into an upper skull half comprising a parietal bone and a frontal bone, and the rest being a lower skull half;
Forming a skull upper half model and a skull lower half model respectively through three-dimensional printing;
Manufacturing a skull upper half mould and a skull lower half mould by using the skull upper half mould and the skull lower half mould respectively;
demolding to obtain a skull upper half structure 11 and a skull lower half structure 12 by injecting resin materials into the skull upper half mold and the skull lower half mold;
A radioactive source 3 is arranged on the surface of the upper half structure 11 of the skull;
Placing the upper skull half structure 11 and the lower skull half structure 12 in corresponding scalp shaping molds respectively;
injecting a tissue equivalent material into a scalp shaping mold, and demolding to obtain a skull upper half structure 11 with an upper half surface layer 21 and a skull lower half structure 12 with a lower half surface layer 22;
the skull model is obtained by splicing the skull upper half structure 11 and the skull lower half structure 12, and bonding the upper half epidermis layer 21 and the lower half epidermis layer 22.
The preparation method of the invention is based on the separate preparation of the upper skull half structure 11 and the lower skull half structure 12, wherein the upper skull half structure 11 for placing the radioactive source is relatively complex to prepare, and the separate preparation of the upper skull half structure 11 can reduce the preparation volume, reduce the preparation difficulty and improve the efficiency.
In some preferred embodiments, the material to which the upper and lower skin layers 21, 22 are bonded is the same equivalent tissue material as skin layer 2.
In some preferred embodiments, the radiation source 3 is disposed on the surface of the skull 1 by the positioning plate 4, and the disposing the radiation source 3 on the surface of the skull 1 comprises:
the lofting sheet 41 of the positioning sheet 4 is unfolded, the radioactive source 3 is arranged at a preset position, the covering sheet 42 is covered on the radioactive source 3, and then the radioactive source 3 is connected with the lofting sheet 41 in a sealing mode through a plastic sealing machine. Thereby reducing the difficulty of operation in setting the radiation source 3 and improving efficiency.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present invention.
Claims (8)
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| JP2015018130A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2015-01-29 | 株式会社京都科学 | Internal organ model and human body model |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE522162C2 (en) * | 2002-05-06 | 2004-01-20 | Goergen Nilsson | Dose delivery quantification enabling method for radiotherapy treatment, involves analyzing measurements to obtain information about relation between measurements in phantom and information between phantom and treatment source |
| RU161345U1 (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2016-04-20 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие научно-исследовательский институт промышленной и морской медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства (ФГУП НИИ ПММ) | HUMAN HEAD PHANTOM |
| CN108398714B (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2023-05-12 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Parameter acquisition method for internal irradiation whole body counter calibration model |
| CN108398713B (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2023-07-14 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Internal irradiation whole body counter calibration model support |
| US11294076B2 (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2022-04-05 | UNIVERSITé LAVAL | Deformable dosimeter |
| CN111522057A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Skull counter virtual scale calibration method |
| CN114707416B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2023-04-07 | 成都理工大学 | Method, device and system for detecting irradiation dose in human body and computer equipment |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2044713A1 (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1992-12-15 | Kase M. Gamarnik | Animal body parts phantom |
| JP2015018130A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2015-01-29 | 株式会社京都科学 | Internal organ model and human body model |
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