CN119866757A - Fertilizer stable distributor and fertilization equipment - Google Patents
Fertilizer stable distributor and fertilization equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN119866757A CN119866757A CN202510227327.0A CN202510227327A CN119866757A CN 119866757 A CN119866757 A CN 119866757A CN 202510227327 A CN202510227327 A CN 202510227327A CN 119866757 A CN119866757 A CN 119866757A
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- distributor
- fertilizer
- cavity
- outlet
- flange
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/001—Sludge spreaders, e.g. liquid manure spreaders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/001—Sludge spreaders, e.g. liquid manure spreaders
- A01C23/002—Sludge spreaders, e.g. liquid manure spreaders provided with auxiliary arrangements, e.g. pumps, agitators, cutters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/001—Sludge spreaders, e.g. liquid manure spreaders
- A01C23/003—Distributing devices, e.g. for rotating, throwing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/008—Tanks, chassis or related parts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
- A01C5/068—Furrow packing devices, e.g. press wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a fertilizer stable distributor and fertilizing equipment, and relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment. The fertilizer stable distributor comprises a buffer box and a distributor main body, wherein the buffer box is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the buffer box is communicated with a fertilizer discharging port of the tank body through a fertilizer application main pipe, the distributor main body comprises a distributor cavity, a rotating shaft, a rotary driving device and a fluid controller, the distributor cavity is arranged below the buffer box and is positioned at the upper part of the frame part, the top of the distributor cavity is provided with an inlet, and the inlet of the distributor cavity is communicated with the outlet of the buffer box. Through set up the cutting knife in helical blade's at least one side, utilize the cutting knife to cut the solid material in the fertilizer to make the solid material after smashing can flow out through the export of distributor cavity, make the stable distributor of fertilizer can be suitable for the liquid organic fertilizer that physical property is complicated, make the even output of export of liquid organic fertilizer follow the distributor cavity through helical blade's rotation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery equipment, in particular to a fertilizer stable distributor and fertilizing equipment.
Background
The annual output of wheat straw in China is 1.27 hundred million tons, and the straw is used as an anaerobic fermentation raw material in the biogas engineering, so that the straw utilization is promoted to a certain extent. The biogas residue and biogas slurry contains nutrient elements required by plant growth, is rich in organic substances beneficial to soil improvement and micromolecular substances easy to be absorbed by plants, has the advantages of being convenient for formula fertilization, mechanized application and the like, and is the most main utilization mode at present for the biogas residue and biogas slurry as fertilizer. However, the problems still exist at present, on one hand, the biogas slurry contains fiber solids, broken stones and the like which are easy to cause blockage of a fertilizer discharge port, and on the other hand, a liquid fertilizer distributor which is high-efficiency and uniform in distribution and stable in fertilizer discharge is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fertilizer stable distributor, which is used for solving the problems of easy blockage of a fertilizer discharging port and poor stability of a liquid fertilizer distributor in the prior art.
The invention provides a fertilizer stable distributor, comprising:
The buffer box is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet of the buffer box is communicated with the fertilizer discharging port of the tank body through the fertilizer application main pipe;
The distributor comprises a distributor body, wherein the distributor body comprises a distributor cavity, a rotating shaft, a rotary driving device and a fluid controller, the distributor cavity is arranged below the buffer box and is located at the upper part of the frame component, an inlet is formed in the top of the distributor cavity, the inlet of the distributor cavity is communicated with the outlet of the buffer box, a plurality of outlets are formed in the bottom of the distributor cavity, the outlets of the distributor cavity are arranged at intervals along the moving direction perpendicular to the tank body, a filter screen is arranged at the outlet of the distributor cavity, connecting assemblies are arranged at two ends of the distributor cavity, the rotating shaft is arranged in the distributor cavity, two ends of the rotating shaft are in one-to-one rotary connection with the two connecting assemblies, the rotary driving device is connected with one end of the rotating shaft and is connected with the distributor cavity, spiral blades extending spirally along the length direction of the rotating shaft are arranged on the peripheral surface of the distributor cavity, cutting blades are arranged at the edges of the spiral blades, the cutting blades can be used for cutting fertilizer in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the tank body, a filter screen is arranged at intervals, connecting assemblies are arranged at the two ends of the distributor cavity, two ends of the rotating shaft are in one end of the rotating shaft are in one side of the rotating shaft, two ends of the rotating shaft are in one side of the rotating connection with each other, and are in one rotating connection with each rotating shaft, and are connected with one end of the rotating shaft, and the rotating blade is in the rotating body, and the rotating body is provided with the other, and the rotating body.
According to the invention, there is provided a fertilizer stabilizing distributor, the cutter comprising:
the base is connected with the spiral blade;
The blade is arranged at intervals on one side, away from the spiral blade, of the base, a cutting edge is formed on one side, away from the base, of the blade, and cutting edge inclination is formed between the cutting edge and the side edge of the blade.
According to the fertilizer stable distributor provided by the invention, the length and the width of each blade are equal, and the distance between two adjacent blades is equal.
According to the fertilizer stable distributor provided by the invention, the inclination of the cutting edge is 25-30 degrees.
According to the fertilizer stable distributor provided by the invention, the fluid controller is internally provided with the plurality of runner units which are sequentially communicated, the cross section area of each runner unit is gradually reduced along the direction from top to bottom, the upper part of the side wall of each runner unit is provided with the arc-shaped guide surface, the arc-shaped guide surface extends to the inlet of each runner unit, the inside of each runner unit is provided with the guide blocks, and the guide blocks and the two opposite side walls of each runner unit are arranged at intervals.
According to the present invention there is provided a fertilizer stabilizing distributor, the connecting assembly comprising:
The two ends of the distributor cavity are respectively provided with a fixed flange, the connecting flanges are connected with the corresponding fixed flanges, and the connecting flanges and the fixed flanges are respectively provided with shaft holes;
the bearing pedestal is arranged on one side, deviating from the fixed flange, of the connecting flange, and two ends of the rotating shaft penetrate through the corresponding fixed flange and the connecting flange and then are in running fit with the corresponding bearing pedestal through bearings.
According to the invention, there is provided a fertilizer stabilizing distributor, the connecting assembly further comprising:
and the sealing gasket is arranged between the fixing flange and the connecting flange so that the fixing flange and the connecting flange are in sealing fit.
The invention provides a fertilizer stable distributor, which further comprises:
the residue collecting box is connected with the fixing flange which is far away from one end of the rotary driving device, the fixing flange which is far away from one end of the rotary driving device and the connecting flange which are far away from the distributor cavity are both provided with residue discharging ports, and the residue discharging ports are communicated with the residue collecting box.
According to the fertilizer stable distributor provided by the invention, the bottom of the residue collecting box is provided with the mounting port, and the mounting port is provided with the bottom cover which is detachably connected with the residue collecting box.
The invention also provides fertilizing equipment, which comprises a frame, a tank body, an air changing box, a pressure pump device and a fertilizer device, wherein the fertilizer device comprises the fertilizer stable distributor.
According to the fertilizer stable distributor, the cutting knife is arranged on at least one side of the spiral blade, and the solid matters in the fertilizer are cut by the cutting knife, so that the crushed solid matters can flow out through the outlet of the distributor cavity, the fertilizer stable distributor can be suitable for liquid organic fertilizer with complex physical properties, and the liquid organic fertilizer can be uniformly output from the outlet of the distributor cavity through rotation of the spiral blade.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a fertilizing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second perspective structure of the fertilization device provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic structural view at a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a tank body according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an exploded structural schematic view of the fertilizer stabilizing distributor provided by the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rotating shaft and a helical blade according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram at B in fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a cutting edge according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic side view of a cutting edge provided by the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fluid controller according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
100. A frame; 200, a tank body; 210, a first control valve; 220, second control valve, 230, conical nozzle, 240, arc baffle, 250, third control valve, 260, spill valve, 300, ventilation box, 310, pressure sensor, 400, pressure pump device, 500, fertilizer device, 501, frame part, 510, fertilizer stable distributor, 511, buffer box, 512, distributor cavity, 513, rotation shaft, 514, rotation driving device, 515, fluid controller, 516, spiral blade, 517, cutting knife, 518, base, 519, blade, 520, cutting edge, 521, runner unit, 522, diversion block, 523, connecting flange, 524, fixing flange, 525, bearing pedestal, 526, bearing, 528, residue collecting box, 529, residue discharge outlet, 530, furrow opener, 531, fertilizer tube, 532, laminated plate 533, first fertilizer hole, 534, second fertilizer hole, 535, fertilizer inlet connecting tube, 536, connecting square flange, 537, fixing square flange, 540, 541, roller part, roller shaft, 542, soil blade, 522, pressing rod, 546, magnetic pole piece, 544, magnetic pole piece, 545, magnetic pole piece, 546, magnetic pole piece, 550, magnetic pole piece.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "coupled" should be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, or indirectly connected via an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in embodiments of the present invention will be understood in detail by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly specified and limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" on a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
As shown in fig. 5, the fertilizer stable distributor 510 includes a buffer tank 511 and a distributor body, the buffer tank 511 is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet of the buffer tank 511 communicates with the fertilizer discharging port of the tank body 200 through a fertilizer application header pipe. The distributor main body comprises a distributor cavity 512, a rotating shaft 513, a rotary driving device 514 and a fluid controller 515, wherein the distributor cavity 512 is arranged below the buffer box 511 and is positioned at the upper part of the frame part 501, an inlet is formed in the top of the distributor cavity 512, the inlet of the distributor cavity 512 is communicated with the outlet of the buffer box 511, a plurality of outlets are formed in the bottom of the distributor cavity 512, the outlets of the distributor cavity 512 are arranged at intervals along the moving direction perpendicular to the tank 200, filter screens are arranged at the outlets of the distributor cavity 512, connecting assemblies are arranged at two ends of the distributor cavity 512, the rotating shaft 513 is arranged in the distributor cavity 512, two ends of the rotating shaft 513 are in one-to-one corresponding rotary connection with the two connecting assemblies, the rotary driving device 514 is connected with one end of the rotating shaft 513 and is connected with the distributor cavity 512, and the rotary driving device 514 is a motor or a combination of the motor and a speed reducer. The outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 513 is provided with a spiral blade 516 extending spirally along the length direction of the rotating shaft 513, the edge of the spiral blade 516 is provided with a cutting knife 517, the cutting knife 517 is used for cutting solid matters in fertilizer so that the crushed solid matters can flow out through an outlet of the distributor cavity 512, an inlet of the fluid controller 515 is communicated with the outlet of the distributor cavity 512, an outlet of the fluid controller 515 is communicated with an upper port of the fertilizing tube 531 through a fertilizing hose, and the fluid controller 515 is used for providing a gas-liquid buffer belt in the fertilizer discharging process of the outlet of the distributor cavity 512 and reducing pulsation impact caused by air flow.
According to the fertilizer stable distributor 510 provided by the invention, the cutting knife 517 is arranged on at least one side of the spiral blade 516, and the cutting knife 517 is used for cutting solid matters in the fertilizer, so that the crushed solid matters can flow out through the outlet of the distributor cavity 512, the fertilizer stable distributor 510 can be suitable for liquid organic fertilizer with complex physical properties, and the liquid organic fertilizer can be uniformly output from the outlet of the distributor cavity 512 through the rotation of the spiral blade 516.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the buffer tank 511 is a rectangular tank body, the inlet of the buffer tank 511 is provided at the top of the buffer tank 511, the inlet of the buffer tank 511 is provided with a fertilizer inlet connection pipe 535, specifically, the fertilizer inlet connection pipe 535 is provided with a connection square flange 536, the inlet of the buffer tank 511 is provided with a fixing square flange 537, and the fertilizer inlet connection pipe 535 is connected with the fixing square flange 537 through the connection square flange 536. Further, a gasket is provided between the connection square flange 536 and the fixing square flange 537.
When a single type of liquid organic fertilizer is applied, one inlet of the buffer tank 511 is provided, and when two types of liquid organic fertilizers are applied, two inlets of the buffer tank 511 are provided, so that the two types of liquid organic fertilizers can be mixed in the buffer tank 511, and if more than two types of fertilizers are applied, more inlets can be provided according to practical situations.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the cutting blade 517 includes a base 518 and a plurality of blades 519, the base 518 is connected to the spiral blade 516, the plurality of blades 519 are disposed at intervals on a side of the base 518 facing away from the spiral blade 516, a cutting edge 520 is formed on a side of the blade 519 facing away from the base 518, the cutting edge 520 is disposed obliquely, the cutting edge 520 forms an acute angle with the base 518, and a cutting edge slope is formed between the cutting edge 520 and a side of the blade 519, i.e., α in fig. 9.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the length and width of each blade 519 are equal, and here, the length of the blade 519 is the dimension in the up-down direction in fig. 9, and the width of the blade 519 is the dimension in the left-right direction in fig. 9. The distances between two adjacent blades 519 are equal, and the distances between the two adjacent blades 519 are specifically determined according to actual needs.
When biogas slurry is applied, in order to prevent the blockage of the outlet of the distributor cavity 512 caused by excessive accumulation of straw, and reduce the length of the straw, the straw is more beneficial to promoting decay and improving quality after entering soil, so that the cutting knife 517 of the spiral blade 516 is specifically designed, and the cutting knife 517 adopts 65 Mn with high strength, high hardness and high elasticity as a material for manufacturing the cutting knife 517. Through a large number of experiments, the optimal cutting angle range of the straw substance is 25-30 degrees, so that the cutting edge inclination is set to be 25-30 degrees, and preferably 28 degrees in the embodiment. Further, the edge of the spiral blade 516 is provided with a spiral cutting groove, the base 518 is embedded in the spiral cutting groove, and the cutting process of the cutting knife 517 on solid matters such as straw belongs to cutting with a fulcrum, so that the instantaneous speed of the cutting knife 517 contacting the straw does not need to be excessively high, the full cutting of the cutting knife 517 on the straw can be ensured, and the cutting and crushing work on the solid matters such as straw can be realized by matching with the proper rotating speed of the rotating shaft 513.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of flow channel units 521 are provided inside the fluid controller 515, which are sequentially communicated, and the cross-sectional area of the flow channel units 521 is gradually reduced in the up-down direction, specifically, as shown in fig. 10, the cross-sectional area of the right side of the flow channel units 521 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the left side. The upper part of the side wall of the flow channel unit 521 is provided with an arc-shaped flow guiding surface, the arc-shaped flow guiding surface extends to the inlet of the flow channel unit 521, the arc-shaped flow guiding surfaces of the even flow channel units 521 are positioned on the same side, and the arc-shaped flow guiding surfaces of the odd flow channel units 521 are positioned on the same side. Specifically, the arc-shaped flow guiding surface of the first flow channel unit 521 is located at the upper side, the arc-shaped flow guiding surface of the second flow channel unit 521 is located at the lower side, the arc-shaped flow guiding surface of the third flow channel unit 521 is located at the upper side, and the arc-shaped flow guiding surface of the fourth flow channel unit 521 is located at the lower side. The flow channel unit 521 is internally provided with a flow guide block 522, the flow guide block 522 is in a strip shape, and the flow guide block 522 and two opposite side walls of the flow channel unit 521 are arranged at intervals, so that flow channels are respectively formed on two sides of the flow guide block 522, and an inlet and an outlet of the flow channel unit 521 are communicated.
When the first control valve 210 of the tank 200 is opened to discharge fertilizer, the pipeline of the tank 200 connected with the fertilizer stable distributor 510 contains gas, under the condition that the liquid organic fertilizer in the pipeline flows rapidly, the gas in the pipeline can form instant pressure pulsation at the outlet of the distributor cavity 512 due to the high-speed pushing action of the fluid, so that the fertilization hose can swing randomly, the connection part of the fertilization hose is easy to loosen due to long-time swing, and unnecessary maintenance workload is caused, therefore, the fluid controller 515 is required to be installed to provide a gas-liquid buffer belt for the fertilizer discharge at the outlet of the distributor cavity 512, and the pulsation impact caused by the air flow is reduced.
When the liquid organic fertilizer enters from the inlet of the fluid controller 515, the liquid organic fertilizer enters the inclined straight flow channel at the upper side of the flow guiding block 522 under the guiding action of the arc-shaped flow guiding surface, and then enters the next flow channel unit 521. The adoption of the flow channel design enables the liquid organic fertilizer to smoothly pass through each flow channel unit 521 without being subjected to larger resistance, and when the liquid organic fertilizer flows reversely, the liquid organic fertilizer is subjected to larger resistance under the action of the flow guide blocks 522 and the arc-shaped flow guide surfaces.
The fluid controller 515 is characterized in that the fluid controller 515 does not use a conventional switching assembly to control the flow rate, but relies on the fluid dynamics principle and smart design of the internal structure to achieve unidirectional conduction, thereby achieving stability of the fluid flow. The design not only improves the efficiency of fluid flow, but also increases the reliability and durability of the device, and the fluid controller 515 is used as a buffer device between the outlet of the distributor cavity 512 and the fertilizing hose, so that the liquid organic fertilizer flows stably, and does not splash around to influence the uniform distribution of nutrient substances in the soil when flowing to the soil, thereby improving the stability of the outlet of the distributor cavity 512 and reducing the pressure pulsation impact of the fertilizer discharging outlet.
Further, a soil nutrient monitoring feedback device is installed at the front end of the tank truck, a flow regulating device is arranged at the outlet of the fluid controller 515, the soil nutrient monitoring feedback device is electrically connected with the flow regulating device, and the flow regulating device can be a flow electric control valve or a combination of a signal receiving controller and a flow control device. In the traveling process of the tank truck, the required fertilizing amount of the area can be calculated according to the soil nutrient condition, the flow regulating device receives the fertilizing amount instruction sent by the soil nutrient monitoring feedback device in real time, and the size of the outlet is automatically regulated according to the fertilizing amount instruction, so that automatic fertilizing and accurate fertilizing amount control are realized.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the connection assembly includes a connection flange 523 and a bearing seat 525, both ends of the distributor cavity 512 are provided with fixing flanges 524, the distributor cavity 512 is welded to the fixing flanges 524, the connection flange 523 is connected to the corresponding fixing flange 524 through bolts, and the connection flange 523 and the fixing flange 524 are provided with shaft holes. The bearing seat 525 is arranged on one side of the connecting flange 523, which is away from the fixed flange 524, the bearing seat 525 is connected with the connecting flange 523 through bolts, and two ends of the rotating shaft 513 pass through the corresponding fixed flange 524 and the connecting flange 523 and then are in running fit with the corresponding bearing seat 525 through the bearing 526.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the connection assembly further includes a gasket disposed between the fixing flange 524 and the connection flange 523 such that the fixing flange 524 and the connection flange 523 are in sealing engagement, and the gasket is also provided with a shaft hole such that the rotation shaft 513 passes therethrough.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the fertilizer stabilization distributor 510 further includes a residue collection tank 528, wherein the residue collection tank 528 is connected to the fixed flange 524 of the end of the distributor cavity 512 remote from the rotary driving device 514, and the fixed flange 524 and the connecting flange 523 of the end of the distributor cavity 512 remote from the rotary driving device 514 are provided with a residue discharge port 529, and the residue discharge port 529 is in communication with the residue collection tank 528. When the cutting knife 517 passes through the cutting knife 517, the fibrous substances, stones and the like in the liquid organic fertilizer rotate along the rotation shaft 513 and move along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 513, the fibrous substances are cut off by the cutting knife 517, the stones are crushed by the cutting knife 517, part of the cut fibrous substances and small stones flow into the field along the pipeline through the filter screen, the other part of the non-passing solid substances move along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 513 to the residue discharge outlet 529, and fall into the residue collecting box 528 through the collecting box inlet through the residue discharge outlet 529. Further, since the bearing housing 525 of the residue collection tank 528 is located inside the residue collection tank 528, in order to prevent the bearing housing 525 from being corroded, a partition plate is provided inside the residue collection tank 528 to separate the bearing housing 525 from the liquid organic fertilizer.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the residue collection tank 528 is provided with a mounting port provided with a bottom cover detachably connected to the residue collection tank 528, specifically, the residue collection tank 528 is connected to the bottom cover by bolts. Preferably, a gasket seal is provided between the residue collection bin 528 and the bottom cover.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the distributor body further comprises a permanent magnet 544, a magnetically conductive pole piece 545 and a magnetically conductive sleeve 546, wherein the permanent magnet 544 is disposed on an inner surface of the inner ring of the bearing 526, and preferably the inner surface of the inner ring of the bearing 526 is provided with an annular groove, and the annular permanent magnet 544 is embedded in the annular groove. The magnetically permeable pole piece 545 is disposed on one side of the permanent magnet 544. The magnetic conduction shaft sleeve 546 is sleeved at the end part of the rotating shaft 513, the permanent magnet 544 is sleeved at the periphery of the magnetic conduction shaft sleeve 546, an annular gap is formed between the magnetic conduction shaft sleeve 546 and the permanent magnet 544, magnetic fluid is arranged in the annular gap, a rotating magnetic field loop is formed between the magnetic conduction shaft sleeve 546 and the permanent magnet 544, magnetic fluid in the annular gap is firmly adsorbed in the annular gap, a fluid ring similar to an O-shaped ring is formed, the magnetic fluid is filled in the gap and is completely blocked, and the final sealing purpose is achieved. The magnetic sealing structure has the following advantages:
In the first aspect, the magnetic fluid seal has extremely high sealing performance, almost leak-free sealing can be realized, and the highly stable sealing performance ensures the stable operation of the liquid fertilizer distributor under extreme working conditions. In contrast, the leak rate of conventional seals is generally high, and sealing performance may be compromised, especially under high pressure, high speed, or extreme conditions.
In the second aspect, the magnetic fluid seal avoids mechanical abrasion because the moving part and the static part are not in direct contact, so that the service life is long, and the routine maintenance is simple. The original state can be recovered by only periodically supplementing some magnetic fluid, and complex maintenance work is not needed. The conventional sealing member tends to suffer from abrasion, aging and the like along with the increase of the service time, so that the sealing performance is reduced, and the sealing member needs to be replaced periodically, and necessary maintenance and service work is performed.
In the third aspect, the magnetic fluid seal has a wide application range for rotating speed, and can be used at rest, low speed or high speed. Meanwhile, the magnetic fluid seal has strong adaptability and can meet the working condition requirements of different media, temperatures, pressures and the like. The adaptability and flexibility of conventional seals are relatively weak and may require replacement of different types of seals under different conditions to meet the requirements.
In the fourth aspect, the magnetic fluid seal does not generate mechanical friction noise and heating phenomenon in the running process, and is beneficial to keeping the stable running of equipment and prolonging the service life. When the traditional seal runs at a high speed or bears a large pressure, certain noise and heating phenomena can be generated, and certain influence is caused on the running stability and the service life of equipment.
The invention also provides a fertilizing device, which comprises a frame 100, a tank 200, an air ventilation box 300, a pressure pump device 400 and a fertilizer device 500, wherein the fertilizer device 500 comprises the fertilizer stable distributor 510 according to any one of the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, wheels are provided at the bottom of the vehicle frame 100, a tank 200 is provided at the vehicle frame 100, and the tank 200 is provided with an intake port. The ventilation box 300 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air outlet of the ventilation box 300 is communicated with the air inlet port of the tank 200. The pressure pump device 400 is communicated with the air inlet of the air vent box 300 through an air pipe, and the pressure pump device 400 is used for changing the pressure inside the tank 200 so as to enable the liquid organic fertilizer to flow into or flow out of the tank 200.
The fertilizer apparatus 500 includes a frame member 501, a fertilizer stabilizing distributor 510, a plurality of furrow openers 530 and a pressing roller member 540, the frame member 501 is arranged along a moving direction perpendicular to the can 200, the frame member 501 is connected with the frame 100 or the can 200, the fertilizer stabilizing distributor 510 is disposed on an upper portion of the frame member 501, and an inlet of the fertilizer stabilizing distributor 510 is communicated with a fertilizer outlet of the can 200 through a fertilizing main.
The bottom of frame part 501 is set up in the interval along the direction of movement perpendicular to jar body 200 to a plurality of furrow openers 530, the rear side of furrow openers 530 is provided with layering fertilizer mechanism, layering fertilizer mechanism includes fertilization pipe 531 and layering board 532, fertilization pipe 531 is connected with furrow openers 530, the upper end of fertilization pipe 531 passes through the export intercommunication of fertilization hose and fertilizer stable distributor 510, the lower extreme of fertilization pipe 531 is provided with first fertilization hole 533, the lateral wall of fertilization pipe 531 is provided with second fertilization hole 534, layering board 532 is installed in second fertilization hole 534, layering board 532 is articulated with fertilization pipe 531, layering board 532 part is in the inside of fertilization pipe 531, part is in the outside of fertilization pipe 531. The flow rate of fertilizer output from the first fertilizer holes 533 and the second fertilizer holes 534 can be changed by changing the angle between the laminated plate 532 and the horizontal plane.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, when the organic fertilizer inside the fertilizer application pipe 531 flows downward, under the barrier of the layering plate 532, part of the organic fertilizer flows out of the second fertilizer application hole 534, the other part flows out of the first fertilizer application hole 533, when the layering plate 532 rotates downward, the flow passage inside the fertilizer application pipe 531 decreases, most of the organic fertilizer flows out of the second fertilizer application hole 534, and a small part flows out of the first fertilizer application hole 533, and when the layering plate 532 rotates upward, the flow passage inside the fertilizer application pipe 531 increases, and a small part flows out of the second fertilizer application hole 534, and a large part flows out of the first fertilizer application hole 533. The liquid organic fertilizer flowing out of the first fertilizing hole 533 enters deep soil, and the liquid organic fertilizer flowing out of the second fertilizing hole 534 enters shallow soil. The ballast roller member 540 is disposed rearward of the shank 530 and is hinged to the frame member 501.
The fertilizing equipment provided by the invention can change the fertilizer flow output by the first fertilizing holes 533 and the second fertilizing holes 534 by changing the angle between the laminated plate 532 and the horizontal plane, and can efficiently and uniformly distribute single or multiple liquid organic fertilizers to each fertilizer outlet hole, so that the layered returning of the fertilizer is realized, and the nutrients in the liquid fertilizers are orderly distributed in each layer of soil.
The fertilizing equipment provided by the invention has high working efficiency, can complete a series of operations such as ditching, fertilizing, compacting and crushing, reduces volatilization of the liquid organic fertilizer, can mix the liquid organic fertilizer with soil to a certain extent, realizes returning of the liquid organic fertilizer to the field, guides green planting, and has positive effects in optimizing soil quality, reducing cost and promoting environmental protection.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the frame 100 is used to carry the tank 200 and the fertilizer device 500, and in order to reduce the weight of the frame 100, the frame 100 is designed to be hollowed out. The front end of the frame 100 is provided with a tractor traction hitch for facilitating connection with a tractor.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a fertilizer discharging port of a tank 200 is provided at the top of the tank 200, and the fertilizer discharging port of the tank 200 is provided with a first control valve 210, and a fertilizing main pipe is communicated with the first control valve 210. The opening and closing of the fertilizer discharging port can be controlled by the first control valve 210.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, a fertilizer outlet is provided at a lower portion of the tank 200 near one end of the fertilizer apparatus 500, the fertilizer outlet is provided with a second control valve 220, an outlet of the second control valve 220 is provided with a tapered straight nozzle 230, an inlet of the tapered straight nozzle 230 is communicated with an outlet of the second control valve 220, and an inner diameter of the tapered straight nozzle 230 gradually decreases from the inlet of the tapered straight nozzle 230 to the outlet of the tapered straight nozzle 230. The outlet of the cone-shaped nozzle 230 is provided with an arc-shaped baffle 240 connected with the second control valve 220, the arc-shaped baffle 240 is inclined downward toward the cone-shaped nozzle 230 by a certain angle, the arc-shaped baffle 240 is arranged obliquely, the included angle between the arc-shaped baffle 240 and the horizontal plane is an acute angle, and the arc-shaped baffle 240 is used for colliding with the liquid organic fertilizer sprayed out through the cone-shaped nozzle 230 so as to uniformly spray the liquid organic fertilizer to the ground.
When the liquid organic fertilizer enters the inside of the tapered straight nozzle 230, the flow rate of the liquid organic fertilizer is accelerated due to the gradual decrease of the inner diameter of the tapered straight nozzle 230, the liquid organic fertilizer is sprayed to the arc-shaped baffle 240 at a very high flow rate, and the liquid organic fertilizer is distributed to both sides and the rear of the arc-shaped baffle 240 after being impacted with the arc-shaped baffle 240, so that the liquid organic fertilizer is uniformly sprayed to the ground.
Further, a side of the arc-shaped baffle 240 facing the tapered nozzle 230 is provided with a guide protrusion, which is a cone or a hemisphere. When the liquid organic fertilizer is sprayed to the diversion bulge, the liquid organic fertilizer is diffused to the periphery under the diversion effect of the diversion bulge, so that the liquid organic fertilizer is uniformly sprayed to the ground.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, two fertilizer inlets are disposed on two sides of the tank 200, two fertilizer inlets are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the front end of the tank 200, and two fertilizer inlets are provided with a third control valve 250, where the third control valve 250 is electrically connected with the control device. Specifically, the third control valve 250 is a pull rod control valve, but may be any other type of control valve.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the ventilation box 300 is provided with a pressure sensor 310, the pressure sensor 310 is used for detecting the pressure in the ventilation box 300, and the control device controls the rotation speed of the pressure pump device 400 according to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 310.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the air inlet port of the can 200 is provided with an anti-overflow valve 260, and the anti-overflow valve 260 is used to prevent the organic fertilizer in the can 200 from entering the inside of the ventilation box 300.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the roller assembly 540 includes a roller assembly 550 and a driving assembly 560, the driving assembly 560 includes two connection plates 561 and two linear driving members 562, the two connection plates 561 are spaced apart, the roller assembly 550 is located between the two connection plates 561, two ends of the roller assembly 550 are rotatably connected with one ends of the two connection plates 561 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the other ends of the two connection plates 561 are hinged with the frame member 501 through pins, one ends of the two linear driving members 562 are hinged with the two connection plates 561 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the other ends of the two linear driving members 562 are hinged with the frame member 501. Specifically, the linear driving member 562 is an oil cylinder, the cylinder bodies of the two oil cylinders are hinged to the frame member 501 through pin shafts, and the telescopic rods of the two oil cylinders are hinged to the two connecting plates 561 through pin shafts in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The height of the roller assembly 550 increases as the cylinder expands and the height of the roller assembly 550 decreases as the cylinder contracts.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the compacting roller assembly 550 includes a compacting roller 541, a plurality of soil breaking blades 542, and a plurality of compacting bars 543, wherein the compacting roller 541 has a rod-shaped structure, the compacting roller 541 is disposed along a direction perpendicular to a moving direction of the can 200, and two ends of the compacting roller 541 are rotatably connected to one ends of two connection plates 561 in a one-to-one correspondence. The soil breaking blades 542 are of a circular sheet-shaped structure, the soil breaking blades 542 are sleeved on the periphery of the pressing roller 541 along the axial spacing of the pressing roller 541, and the soil breaking blades 542 are welded with the pressing roller 541. The pressing rods 543 are triangular irons, the plurality of pressing rods 543 are arranged around the periphery of the plurality of soil breaking blades 542 at intervals and are connected with the edges of the soil breaking blades 542, and the pressing rods 543 form acute angle with the pressing roller shafts 541. The roller assembly 550 rotates and compacts the crushed soil during the walking process of the tractor to level the soil, which can bury the liquid fertilizer to a certain extent and prevent the liquid fertilizer from volatilizing and escaping the pungent smell.
The working principle of the fertilization equipment is as follows:
when the tank truck drives the vacuum pump to pump the gas in the tank body 200, the pressure in the tank body 200 is reduced, and the liquid organic fertilizer can flow into the tank body 200 through the fertilizer inlets at two sides of the tank body 200. When the tank truck drives the vacuum pump to pump gas into the tank body 200, the pressure in the tank body 200 increases, and the liquid organic fertilizer in the tank body 200 flows out through the fertilizer discharging port and flows into the buffer tank 511. Under the action of the inner wall of the buffer tank 511, the liquid organic fertilizer is uniformly distributed to the outlet below the distributor cavity 512 by the spiral blades 516 with a certain distance under the drive of the motor, fiber substances, stones and the like in the liquid organic fertilizer rotate along the rotation shaft 513 and move along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 513, when the liquid organic fertilizer passes through the cutting knife 517, the cutting knife 517 cuts off the fiber substances, the stones are extruded and crushed by the cutting knife 517, part of the cut fiber substances and small stones enter the fluid controller 515 through the filter screen, finally flow into the field along the pipeline, and the other part of the non-passing solid substances move to the residue discharge outlet 529 along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 513 and fall into the residue collecting tank 528 through the residue discharge outlet 529 through the inlet of the collecting tank.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above-mentioned embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| CN119866757B (en) | 2025-08-29 |
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