CN119826930A - Active vibration wave liquid level measuring method of pressure vessel for alumina industry - Google Patents
Active vibration wave liquid level measuring method of pressure vessel for alumina industry Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种氧化铝行业用压力容器的主动式振动波液位测量方法，在压力容器底部设置振动源和音感元件，该振动源的声波特性与氧化铝行业生产工艺环境声波迥异，根据该振动源声波与容器内介质接触产生的声波频率的变化，对照声波频率‑液位高度特性曲线关系进行换算，在生产运行时实现环境干扰下压力容器的无介入式液位实时监测。本发明不仅解决了氧化铝生产工艺中高温高压、强酸强碱等恶劣工况条件下压力容器液位难以测量的问题，大大降低工作环境对液位测量的影响，还能显著降低液位测量成本，操作简单，使用方便，运行过程无附加能耗，使得氧化铝行业用压力容器的液位测量更为高效、可靠、节能、安全。
The present invention discloses an active vibration wave liquid level measurement method for pressure vessels used in the alumina industry. A vibration source and a sound sensing element are arranged at the bottom of the pressure vessel. The acoustic wave characteristics of the vibration source are very different from the environmental acoustic waves of the production process of the alumina industry. According to the change in the acoustic wave frequency generated by the contact between the acoustic wave of the vibration source and the medium in the container, the acoustic wave frequency-liquid level height characteristic curve is used for conversion, and the non-intrusive real-time liquid level monitoring of the pressure vessel under environmental interference is realized during production and operation. The present invention not only solves the problem that the liquid level of the pressure vessel is difficult to measure under harsh working conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, strong acid and strong alkali in the alumina production process, greatly reduces the influence of the working environment on the liquid level measurement, but also can significantly reduce the cost of liquid level measurement. It is simple to operate, easy to use, and has no additional energy consumption during the operation process, making the liquid level measurement of the pressure vessel used in the alumina industry more efficient, reliable, energy-saving, and safe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a liquid level measuring method, in particular to an active vibration wave liquid level measuring method of a pressure vessel for the alumina industry.
Background
The pressure vessel in the alumina industry is often used for the important procedures of alumina production such as dissolution, evaporation, sedimentation and the like, and needs to have high strength and high chemical stability, and the loaded working medium is complex and comprises high-temperature high-pressure high-alkali concentration gas, liquid or liquid-solid mixed medium and the like. In the operation process of the pressure vessel for the alumina industry, certain noise is generated due to the operation of other working equipment (such as a centrifugal pump, a vacuum pump, an air compressor and the like) around the pressure vessel, so that the control or measuring element for measuring the frequency of the sound wave is influenced. Meanwhile, because the pressure vessel has a severe internal environment such as high temperature, high pressure, strong acid, strong alkali and the like, when the liquid level measuring instrument is in direct contact with the medium in the vessel, the liquid level measuring instrument is not only at risk of being corroded by the medium in the vessel, but also can influence the measuring precision and reliability, and has higher material requirements on the liquid level measuring instrument. Therefore, the pressure vessel liquid level measurement in the alumina industry is more preferably realized by adopting a non-intervention type measurement method with environmental interference resistance, and the problems of pollution, precision reduction and the like caused by direct contact with the measured liquid are avoided. The non-intervention type liquid level measurement method commonly used for the pressure vessel at present mainly uses various principles of rays, electromagnetic waves, light and the like to indirectly obtain the liquid level value in the vessel, such as a radar liquid level measurement method, an ultrasonic liquid level measurement method, a nuclear radiation liquid level measurement method and the like. The radar liquid level measuring method is used for measuring by utilizing a microwave radar technology, the nuclear radiation liquid level measuring method is used for measuring by utilizing the principle that the intensity of nuclear radiation changes along with the thickness of a material layer when the nuclear radiation penetrates through the material, the two liquid level measuring methods have higher accuracy, but the measuring cost is relatively high, and certain potential safety hazards exist in the nuclear radiation liquid level measuring method, and the ultrasonic liquid level measuring method is used for measuring by utilizing the propagation characteristic of ultrasonic waves.
The invention discloses a liquid level measuring method of a pressure container for the alumina industry in the early stage, and applies for related patents, and discloses a liquid level measuring method of the pressure container for the alumina industry in the technology: according to the liquid level characteristic relation between sound waves generated in the flowing process of a medium in a pressure container for alumina industry and the medium in the container, a sound sensing element is arranged at the bottom of the pressure container, and the sound wave echo received by the sound sensing element is converted with the obtained sound wave frequency-liquid level height standard characteristic relation, so that the liquid level height is obtained. The method can well solve the problem of liquid level measurement of the pressure vessel, but when the method is used in a noisy environment or under the condition of low medium flow speed in the vessel, the measurement result is thrown away to have certain deviation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an active vibration wave liquid level measuring method of a pressure container for the alumina industry. The principle of the method is based on the physical characteristics of sound wave reflection, and the real-time monitoring of the liquid level of the pressure vessel without intervention is realized according to the characteristic relation between the echo frequency change generated by the vibration source in the medium in the vessel and the liquid level height in the vessel.
According to the technical scheme, the active vibration wave liquid level measuring method of the pressure container for the alumina industry is characterized in that a vibration source and a sound sensing element are arranged at the bottom of the pressure container, the sound wave characteristics of the vibration source are different from environmental sound waves of the production process of the alumina industry, conversion is carried out according to the change of sound wave frequency generated by the contact of sound waves of the vibration source and media in the container, and the non-intervention type liquid level real-time monitoring of the pressure container under the condition of environmental interference is realized during production operation.
In the active vibration wave liquid level measuring method of the pressure vessel for the alumina industry, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) Arranging a vibration source and a sound sensing element which are different from the environmental sound waves in the alumina industry at the bottom of the pressure container, wherein the distance from the horizontal plane where the vibration source and the sound sensing element are positioned to the liquid level of a medium in the container is the height H of the liquid level to be measured;
(2) The vibration source outputs vibration in a fixed frequency band P 0 = [ a, b ], a vibration wave beam propagates in a container medium, is reflected back to a liquid level, a reflected echo is received by a sound sensing element and is transmitted to a liquid level measurement data background for processing, and the liquid level height H to be measured is obtained by converting by adopting a sound wave frequency-liquid level height characteristic curve relation.
In the foregoing active vibration wave liquid level measurement method of a pressure container for alumina industry, the echo P r received by the acoustic element extracts the maximum peak segment { P r (x), x=a, x=b } in the vibration wave frequency [ a, b ], filters out clutter, and retains effective data.
In the active vibration wave liquid level measuring method of the pressure container for the alumina industry, the relation between the sound wave frequency and the liquid level height characteristic curve can be represented by the formulaRepresentation of whereinDepending on the condition of the medium in the container and the wall thickness of the container, taking an average valueAs a final liquid level value, H-liquid level height to be measured, T-liquid temperature to be measured, K-correction coefficient with a value of 0.01-2.5, X-sampling array, total audio amplitude received by a P r -sound sensing element after attenuation, original sound wave frequency amplitude generated by P 0 -flow, sound wave impedance of a Z m -medium container and w-attenuation coefficient are adopted in the formula.
In the active vibration wave liquid level measuring method of the pressure container for the alumina industry, the correction coefficient K is related to acoustic wave influence factors such as the internal pressure of the container, the medium temperature and impurity deposition; Wherein P i is the internal pressure of the container, P s is the standard atmospheric pressure, deltaT is the difference between the actual temperature and the standard temperature, and when the container is gas, liquid and slurry respectively, A is 0.5, 1 and 2 respectively.
In the above active vibration wave liquid level measuring method of the pressure vessel for alumina industry, the vibration source and the sound sensing element are arranged inside the sound-proof cover.
In the foregoing active vibration wave liquid level measurement method of a pressure vessel for alumina industry, the reflected echo is received by a sound sensing element, and is transmitted to a liquid level measurement data background for processing by a sensor, so as to obtain a liquid level height H to be measured, and the liquid level height H to be measured is displayed by a field liquid level display screen.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following aspects:
① The non-invasive liquid level measurement method has the advantages of wider application range, no special requirement on the medium, and suitability for the alumina production process;
② The dependence on the environment noisy degree, the medium flow velocity and the pressure in the pressure container is low, the measurement accuracy brought by introducing active vibration is higher, and the measurement liquid level range is larger;
③ The principle is simple, the adopted components are common and general, and the cost is low;
④ The liquid level measurement process has no radar, sonar, electromagnetic, radiation and other high additional energy consumption, the use cost is low, and the safety performance is high;
⑤ The characteristic relation between sound waves generated when the vibration source arranged at the bottom of the pressure container vibrates and the liquid level of the medium in the container is utilized, real-time monitoring can be realized, and the accuracy is high.
In summary, the invention realizes the real-time monitoring of the liquid level according to the characteristic relation between the acoustic wave echo generated when the bottom of the pressure vessel vibrates and the liquid level of the medium in the vessel, has simple principle, convenient use, obviously reduces the liquid level measurement cost, has low cost and low additional energy consumption in the operation process, ensures that the liquid level measurement of the pressure vessel used in the alumina production process is more efficient, reliable, energy-saving and safe, has more accurate measurement result and can control the error range to 1% -2% and is smaller than the error standard of most liquid level meter measurement methods in the market.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
The reference sign is 1-vibration source, 2-sound sensing component, 3-sound-proof housing, 4-sensor, 5-liquid level measurement data backstage, 6-on-site liquid level display screen.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
According to the active vibration wave liquid level measurement method of the pressure container for the alumina industry, a vibration source 1 and a sound sensing element 2 are arranged at the bottom of the pressure container, a sound insulation cover 3 is arranged outside the pressure container and the sound sensing element, the vibration source 1 vibrates according to fixed frequency and force, sound wave characteristics of the vibration source 1 are different from environmental sound waves of the production process of the alumina industry, sound waves emitted by the vibration source 1 in a fixed frequency band are transmitted to a liquid level through a container wall, echoes are reflected and formed at the liquid level of a medium, the sound sensing element 2 collects echoes and converts the echoes into electric signals with different amplitudes, the sensor 4 transmits the sound wave electric signals generated by the medium in the pressure container received by the sound sensing element 2 in the vibration process to a liquid level measurement data background 5, the liquid level measurement data background 5 automatically carries out data processing according to the standard characteristic relation of the echo frequency and the liquid level, the non-intervention type liquid level real-time monitoring of the pressure container is achieved under the environment interference during the production operation, the liquid level height H to be measured is obtained, and the liquid level height H to be measured is returned to a field liquid level display screen 6 and a control center in a digital mode.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) A vibration source 1 and a sound sensing element 2 which are different from the environmental sound waves in the alumina industry are arranged at the bottom of the pressure container, and the distance from the horizontal plane of the vibration source 1 and the sound sensing element 2 to the liquid level of a medium in the container is the height H of the liquid level to be measured;
(2) The vibration source 1 outputs vibration in a fixed frequency band P 0 = [ a, b ], a vibration wave beam propagates in a container medium, the vibration wave beam is reflected back to a liquid level, a reflected echo is received by the sound sensing element 2 and is transmitted to the liquid level measurement data background 5 for processing through the sensor 4, and the liquid level measurement data background 5 converts by adopting a sound wave frequency-liquid level height characteristic curve relationship to obtain the liquid level height H to be measured.
Echo P r received by acoustic element 2 extracts maximum peak segment { P r (x), x=a, and the like in vibration wave frequency [ a, b ], and b }, and clutter needs to be filtered through liquid level measurement data background 5 to retain effective data.
The relationship between the sound wave frequency and the liquid level height characteristic curve can be represented by the formulaRepresentation of whereinDepending on the condition of the medium in the container and the wall thickness of the container, taking an average valueAs a final liquid level value, H-liquid level height to be measured, T-liquid temperature to be measured, K-correction coefficient with a value of 0.01-2.5, X-sampling array with a sampling result, all the results being collected into an array X, taking the average value of the array X as the obtained average value sound wave result, P r -total audio amplitude received by the sound sensing element after attenuation, P 0 -original sound wave frequency amplitude generated by flowing, Z m -sound wave impedance of the medium container and w-attenuation coefficient.
The key technology of the method is frequency detection and data processing of vibration wave echo, a formulated sound wave frequency-liquid level height standard characteristic curve relation formula is derived from the mean value of multiple experimental measurement and linear fitting statistical analysis results, so that measurement errors caused by medium precipitation, temperature change and the like in a container are reduced to a certain extent, the error range is controlled to be 1% -2%, and the error range is smaller than the error standard of most liquid level meter measurement methods in the market.
Because the vibration wave propagates in the pressure vessel, the influence of alumina impurity deposition, lye bubbles, vessel wall thickness and other factors can be encountered, the vibration wave and the reflected echo do not always propagate vertically, and the attenuation influence generated in the wave beam propagation process is represented by a correction coefficient K, so that the measurement error caused by uncertainty factors is reduced. The correction coefficient K is related to the influence factors of sound waves, such as the internal pressure of the container, the temperature of the medium and the deposition of impurities; Wherein P i is the internal pressure of the container, P s is the standard atmospheric pressure, deltaT is the difference between the actual temperature and the standard temperature, and when the container is gas, liquid and slurry respectively, A is 0.5, 1 and 2 respectively.
When the impurities at the bottom of the container are deposited, the sound wave frequency at the critical position of the impurities and the medium to be measured is weakened, at the moment, the sound sensing element is required to be continuously moved on the outer side wall of the pressure container to observe the change of the sound wave signal, multiple detection is carried out to approximately locate the solid-liquid interface (below the deposition critical position below the liquid level, the sound wave frequency is relatively stable and no change occurs any more) of the impurities in the container, instead of directly measuring the liquid level value, after the estimated value of the height of the deposition interface is obtained, the liquid level to be measured in the container is measured and calculated, and A Liquid and its preparation method - Fixing device takes a value of 1.8-2.5 according to the deposition height.
The vibration source and the sound sensing element are arranged inside the sound insulation cover, and are prevented from being influenced by external environment noise.
Taking an evaporator of an evaporation workshop of a Bayer process alumina plant as an example, the evaporator is a split tubular falling film evaporator, an elliptical head cone bottom structure, the diameter of the evaporator is 5m, the height of a straight cylinder section is 5m, the working pressure is 0.5Mpa, the working temperature is 158 ℃, and sodium aluminate solution and steam are used as media in a tank. The nuclear radiation liquid level meter is usually adopted for measurement, the price is high, a nuclear source is required to be arranged due to the existence of nuclear radiation, the operation is complex for guaranteeing the safety, and the batch reporting procedure is complicated. After the liquid level meter adopting the method is arranged, the real-time liquid level measurement function can be realized, the measurement precision reaches +/-5 percent, and the method is low in price, convenient to operate and safe.
Claims (7)
1. A method for measuring the liquid level of active vibration wave of pressure container in alumina industry features that a vibration source and a sound-sensing element are arranged at the bottom of pressure container, the sound wave characteristics of vibration source are different from the environmental sound wave generated by the contact of sound wave of vibration source with medium in container, and the relation between sound wave frequency and liquid level height is converted according to the change of sound wave frequency generated by the contact of sound wave of vibration source with medium in container, so real-time monitoring of liquid level of pressure container under environmental interference is realized.
2. The method for measuring the liquid level of the active vibration wave of the pressure vessel for the alumina industry, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Arranging a vibration source and a sound sensing element which are different from the environmental sound waves in the alumina industry at the bottom of the pressure container, wherein the distance from the horizontal plane where the vibration source and the sound sensing element are positioned to the liquid level of a medium in the container is the height H of the liquid level to be measured;
(2) The vibration source outputs vibration in a fixed frequency band P 0 = [ a, b ], a vibration wave beam propagates in a container medium, is reflected back to a liquid level, a reflected echo is received by a sound sensing element and is transmitted to a liquid level measurement data background for processing, and the liquid level height H to be measured is obtained by converting by adopting a sound wave frequency-liquid level height characteristic curve relation.
3. The method for measuring the liquid level of the active vibration wave of the pressure container for the alumina industry as set forth in claim 2, wherein the echo P r received by the acoustic element extracts the maximum peak segment { P r (x), x=a, and b } in the vibration wave frequency [ a, b ], filters out clutter, and retains effective data.
4. The method of measuring the liquid level of an active vibration wave of a pressure vessel for the alumina industry as set forth in claim 2, wherein the relationship between the frequency of the sound wave and the height of the liquid level is represented by the formulaRepresentation of whereinDepending on the condition of the medium in the container and the wall thickness of the container, taking an average valueAs a final liquid level value, H-liquid level height to be measured, T-liquid temperature to be measured, K-correction coefficient with a value of 0.01-2.5, X-sampling array, total audio amplitude received by a P r -sound sensing element after attenuation, original sound wave frequency amplitude generated by P 0 -flow, sound wave impedance of a Z m -medium container and w-attenuation coefficient are adopted in the formula.
5. The method for measuring the liquid level of a pressure vessel for the alumina industry as set forth in claim 4, wherein said correction factor K is related to acoustic wave influencing factors including internal pressure of the vessel, medium temperature, and impurity deposition; Wherein P i is the internal pressure of the container, P s is the standard atmospheric pressure, deltaT is the difference between the actual temperature and the standard temperature, and when the container is gas, liquid and slurry respectively, A is 0.5, 1 and 2 respectively.
6. The method of measuring the liquid level of a pressure vessel for the alumina industry as set forth in claim 1, wherein said vibration source and said sound sensing element are disposed inside a sound enclosure.
7. The method for measuring the liquid level of the pressure container for the alumina industry as set forth in claim 2, wherein the reflected echo is received by a sound sensing element and is transmitted to a liquid level measurement data background through a sensor for processing, so as to obtain a liquid level height H to be measured, and the liquid level height H to be measured is displayed through a liquid level display screen on site.
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