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CN119801499A - A wireless signal transmission device and method in a closed annulus of an underwater production well - Google Patents

A wireless signal transmission device and method in a closed annulus of an underwater production well Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119801499A
CN119801499A CN202510203533.8A CN202510203533A CN119801499A CN 119801499 A CN119801499 A CN 119801499A CN 202510203533 A CN202510203533 A CN 202510203533A CN 119801499 A CN119801499 A CN 119801499A
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module
signal
processing module
power
coil
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王锴
鲁佳琦
田佳棋
王子彪
王志远
吕燚
苟博涛
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China University of Petroleum East China
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China University of Petroleum East China
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Priority to CN202510203533.8A priority Critical patent/CN119801499A/en
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种水下生产井密闭环空内无线信号传输装置及方法，包括油管短节、套管短节和保护套筒。所述油管短节材质为Inconel 625合金，通过两端设置的螺纹接头与井下油管相互咬合实现连接，并通过电缆接口连接敷设在油管上的电缆，短节内部中空，用于油气通道，外部设有弹性定位块，线圈和能信传输模块共同布设于短节内部容纳腔；所述套管短节材质与一般套管材质相同，通过两端设置的螺纹接头与井下套管相互咬合实现连接，短节内壁设有定位套，外壁设有保护套筒，保护套筒材质为Inconel 625合金，通过卡箍连接方式固定于套管短节，套筒内部设有容纳腔，线圈、能信传输模块和电池储能模块共同布设于其中，并通过接口向井下仪器供电。所述各模块相互配合，实现井下无线电能信号传输。本发明可根据需求，在多分支井中，沿电缆串联布置在主井眼和各分支井井眼中，扩大了井下完整性监测范围，具有安装简单、稳定可靠、不干扰井下生产的优点。

The present invention proposes a wireless signal transmission device and method in a closed annulus of an underwater production well, including a tubing nipple, a casing nipple and a protective sleeve. The tubing nipple is made of Inconel 625 alloy, and is connected to the downhole tubing by interlocking with the threaded joints set at both ends, and is connected to the cable laid on the tubing through a cable interface. The nipple is hollow inside and used for oil and gas passages. An elastic positioning block is provided on the outside. The coil and the energy transmission module are jointly arranged in the internal accommodation cavity of the nipple; the casing nipple is made of the same material as the general casing, and is connected to the downhole casing by interlocking with the threaded joints set at both ends. A positioning sleeve is provided on the inner wall of the nipple, and a protective sleeve is provided on the outer wall. The protective sleeve is made of Inconel 625 alloy and is fixed to the casing nipple by a clamp connection. An accommodation cavity is provided inside the sleeve, and the coil, the energy transmission module and the battery energy storage module are jointly arranged therein, and power is supplied to the downhole instrument through the interface. The modules cooperate with each other to realize wireless power signal transmission underground. The present invention can be arranged in series along the cable in the main wellbore and each branch wellbore in a multi-branch well according to needs, thereby expanding the downhole integrity monitoring range and having the advantages of simple installation, stability and reliability, and no interference with downhole production.

Description

Device and method for transmitting wireless signals in closed annular space of underwater production well
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of development and production of oil and gas fields, in particular to an underground wireless electric energy signal transmission device and method based on magnetic coupling resonance.
Background
The traditional land well and offshore well wellhead are both provided with valves, operators can conveniently read annulus data of the underground sleeve, but annulus blocking exists between the deepwater underwater wellhead sleeve and the oil pipe, the data are difficult to monitor and read, a cable penetrates the sleeve to serve as an underground permanent transmission carrier to damage the sealing property of a shaft, the leakage risk is increased, and the cable is easy to age and damage in high-temperature, high-pressure and corrosive environments, so that the cable is difficult to realize. Therefore, wireless signal transmission in a closed annular space in the production process is realized, and the method is important for maintaining the integrity of a shaft and guaranteeing the safe production of an oil-gas field.
CN114439468a discloses a real-time monitoring system for casing annular pressure of an underwater wellhead, which mainly comprises an electromagnetic induction wireless telemetry system and an underwater acoustic telemetry system. The pressure data of the casing annulus is monitored by an electromagnetic induction wireless telemetry system, and transmits the pressure data to a surface data receiving device via underwater acoustic communication, which device/advantage is that casing annulus pressure can be monitored in real time. However, the implementation difficulty of the method is high, the design of a plurality of instruments is high, and the application is limited.
CN103670366a discloses a downhole wireless charging mechanical device, which comprises a downhole charging nipple device and a cable carrying charging device which are independent, and can realize a downhole wireless charging function and provide electric energy for instruments residing in the pit for a long time. However, the device does not consider wireless transmission of electric energy under the shielding of the sleeve, does not relate to wireless transmission design of underground signals, has single function and is deficient.
The invention aims to construct a device and a method for transmitting wireless signals in a closed annular space of an underwater production well, realize the transmission of electric energy signals in the closed annular space of a deep water well, widen the monitoring range of the integrity of a shaft and ensure the safety of an oil and gas exploitation process. At present, no report is found concerning the method and apparatus.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an underwater production well closed annular wireless signal transmission device and method, comprising:
an oil pipe nipple, a casing nipple and a protective sleeve;
The oil pipe nipple is connected with the underground oil pipe by mutual engagement of threaded joints arranged at two ends, and is put into the well with the oil pipe during completion operation;
the oil pipe nipple is connected with a cable laid on the oil pipe through a cable interface;
Further, the oil pipe nipple comprises an elastic positioning block, an energy communication processing module, an electric energy transmitting coil and a signal receiving coil;
the elastic positioning block is matched with the sleeve positioning sleeve to position the relative position of the oil sleeve, and the elastic mechanism of the elastic positioning block keeps retracting in the process of lowering the oil pipe, and when the elastic positioning block meets and is coupled with the target sleeve, the positioning block pops out and realizes positioning;
The energy communication processing module is integrated with an electric energy transmitting processing module and a signal receiving processing module, one end of the energy communication processing module is connected with the cable through a connector, and the other end of the energy communication processing module is connected with the electric energy transmitting coil and the signal receiving coil respectively through interfaces;
The electric energy emission processing module comprises a driving module and a rectifying and voltage stabilizing module, and is used for receiving a 220V alternating current power supply from a cable and providing stable output;
The signal receiving and processing module comprises a conditioning module, a demodulation module, a decoding module and a signal acquisition module, wherein the modules are sequentially ordered and integrated on the same circuit board, and one end of the module is connected with the signal receiving coil to receive and process a wireless signal transmitted by the signal transmitting coil;
The electric energy transmitting coil is connected with the electric energy transmitting processing module through an interface, is arranged in a groove arranged in the accommodating cavity in the pup joint, and is raised by adopting a raising material;
The heightening material adopts silicon steel sheet stacking heightening, and after heightening, a gap is still reserved between the outer wall of the oil pipe and the inner wall of the sleeve, so that the upper and lower blocking is avoided;
The signal receiving coil is connected with the signal receiving processing module through an interface, and is arranged in a groove arranged in the accommodating cavity in the pup joint in parallel with the electric energy transmitting coil in space, and the heightening processing is performed.
Further, the casing nipple is connected with the underground casing through mutual engagement of threaded connectors arranged at two ends, and a positioning sleeve is arranged on the inner wall of the casing nipple and is matched and positioned with an oil pipe elastic positioning block.
Further, the protection sleeve is hollow and provided with a containing cavity and a groove, and is fixed on the outer wall of the casing nipple in a clamp connection mode, and the protection sleeve comprises an energy communication processing module, an electric energy receiving coil, a signal transmitting coil and a battery energy storage module;
The energy communication processing module is integrated with an electric energy receiving processing module and a signal transmitting processing module, wherein one end of the energy communication processing module is respectively connected with the electric energy receiving coil and the signal transmitting coil through interfaces, and the other end of the energy communication processing module is connected with the battery energy storage module;
The electric energy receiving and processing module comprises a rectifying and voltage stabilizing module and a compensating module, and is used for stabilizing voltage fluctuation of a receiving end and reducing power loss;
The compensation module considers the conditions of narrow annular volume, higher temperature and the like in the pit, adopts an S-S type compensation circuit topology to reduce passive devices and further reduce the volume;
the signal transmitting and processing module comprises a conditioning module, a coding module and a modulation module, and is used for processing the underground instrument acquisition signal and transmitting the processed signal to the signal transmitting coil;
the electric energy receiving coil is wound in the groove in the sleeve and is connected with the electric energy receiving processing module through the interface;
the signal transmitting coil is connected with the signal transmitting processing module through an interface, and is arranged in a groove arranged in the accommodating cavity in the sleeve in parallel with the electric energy receiving coil in space;
the battery energy storage module is characterized in that a plurality of batteries are arranged in the accommodating cavity groove in a surrounding mode, one end of each battery is connected with the battery management system, and the other end of each battery is connected with an underground instrument.
The battery management system is internally provided with a judging circuit, when the battery management system judges that the battery is charged, the judging circuit transmits a judging signal to be transmitted back to a remote central control through an electric energy transmission route, and the remote central control receives the signal and then sends a control instruction to close an electric energy transmission part and simultaneously sends a driving signal to carry out signal transmission.
The wireless signal transmission device can be arranged in a single well along a cable in series according to the integrity monitoring requirement, and in a multi-branch well, the wireless signal transmission device is respectively arranged in a main well and each branch well, and the devices independently operate without interference.
The electric energy signal transmission and distribution are carried out through a downhole network controller positioned in the underwater production system, and electric and communication interfaces are provided for all devices.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transmission device in a closed annular space of an underwater production well;
FIG. 2 is a general flow chart of a wireless signal transmission device in a closed annular space of an underwater production well;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of wireless transmission work of electric energy signals of the wireless signal transmission device in the closed annular space of the underwater production well.
In the above figures, 1, remote central control, 2, sea level, 3, umbilical cable, 4, blowout preventer, 5, downhole network controller, 6, underwater wellhead, 7, seabed mud surface, 8, oil pipe, 9, casing, 10, borehole a, 11, main borehole, 12, borehole b, 13, cable, 14, oil pipe nipple, 15, casing collar, 16, oil pipe collar, 17, oil pipe side electric energy signal processing module, 18, elastic positioning block, 19, positioning sleeve, 20, protective sleeve, 21, casing side electric energy signal processing module, 22, electric energy transmitting coil, 23, electric energy receiving coil, 24, signal transmitting coil, 25, signal receiving coil, 26, battery energy storage module, 27, downhole instrument, 28, casing nipple.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be specifically described below by way of exemplary embodiments. It is to be understood, however, that elements, structures, and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation;
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the positional or positional relationship indicated by the terms such as "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the invention provides a device and a method for transmitting wireless signals in a closed annular space of an underwater production well, which are integrated in modules 1-27, and mainly comprise the following implementation processes:
1) Initializing and self-checking the wireless signal transmission device in the closed annular space of the underwater production well on the ground, if all the components can work normally, executing the next step, otherwise, repeating the step;
2) The oil pipe nipple 14 and the casing nipple 28 are respectively fixed on an oil pipe string and a casing string in a coupling connection mode, the protective sleeve 20 is fixed on the outer wall of the casing nipple 28 in a clamp connection mode, and the protective sleeve and the casing nipple are lowered together with well completion operation;
3) Establishing electrical connection between a cable 13 laid at the oil pipe and an oil pipe nipple 14 through a cable joint;
4) The remote central control 1 sends a charging instruction to the underwater production system, and the underground network controller 5 carried by the underwater production system performs electric energy signal transmission and distribution to ensure that the operation of each module is not interfered with each other;
5) After being distributed by the underground network controller 5, the electric energy is transmitted to an oil pipe side electric energy signal processing module 17 inside the oil pipe nipple 14 through the cabling 13;
6) The electric energy signal processing module receives a 220V alternating current power supply from a cable, and transmits the 220V alternating current power supply to the electric energy transmitting coil 22 through rectification and voltage stabilization processing;
7) The electric energy transmitting coil 22 is coupled with the electric energy receiving coil 23, and transmits electric energy to the electric energy receiving coil 23 through the magnetic induction coupling principle;
8) The electric energy of the electric energy receiving coil 23 is processed by the casing side electric energy signal processing module 21 and is transmitted to the battery energy storage module 26;
9) The battery energy storage module 26 is provided with an interface for connecting with a downhole instrument 27 and supplying power;
10 The discriminating circuit of the battery energy storage module 26, and when the charging is judged to be completed, the discriminating signal is transmitted back to the remote central control 1 through the electric energy transmission route, and the remote central control 1 sends out a control instruction to close the electric energy transmission part after receiving the signal, and simultaneously sends out a driving signal for signal transmission.
11 Battery energy storage module 26 for supplying power, and downhole tool 27 for transmitting stored data signals to casing side power signal processing module
The signal is encoded, modulated, amplified, filtered and transmitted to a signal transmitting coil 24.
12 A battery energy storage module 26 for supplying power, a signal transmitting coil 24 and a signal receiving coil 25 are coupled, and based on the electromagnetic induction principle, signals are transmitted to the signal receiving coil 25;
13 The signal receiving coil 25 is transmitted to the oil pipe side electric energy signal processing module 17, the signal is transmitted back to the remote central control 1 through the cable after being filtered, demodulated and decoded, and finally the signal transmission part is completed.
14 When the discriminating circuit of the battery energy storage module 26 determines that the battery power is lower than the set warning value, the discriminating signal is transmitted back to the remote central control 1 through the power transmission route, and the remote central control 1 sends out a charging instruction to transmit power again after receiving the signal.

Claims (4)

1.一种水下生产井密闭环空内无线信号传输装置及方法，其特征在于，包括油管短节、套管短节和保护套筒。1. A wireless signal transmission device and method in a closed annulus of an underwater production well, characterized in that it comprises a tubing nipple, a casing nipple and a protective sleeve. 所述油管短节通过两端设置的螺纹接头与井下油管相互咬合实现连接，并通过电缆接口连接敷设在油管上的电缆，采用弹性定位块配合套管定位套定位，短节内部包括能信处理模块、电能发射线圈及信号接收线圈，所述能信处理模块上集成有电能发射处理模块和信号接收处理模块，一端通过接头与电缆相连，另一端通过接口与线圈相连。The tubing pup joint is connected to the downhole tubing by interlocking with threaded joints arranged at both ends, and is connected to the cable laid on the tubing through a cable interface. It is positioned by an elastic positioning block in cooperation with a casing positioning sleeve. The pup joint includes an energy processing module, an electric energy transmitting coil and a signal receiving coil. The energy processing module is integrated with an electric energy transmitting processing module and a signal receiving processing module. One end is connected to the cable through a joint, and the other end is connected to the coil through an interface. 所述电能发射处理模块包括驱动模块和整流稳压模块，所述驱动模块用以给模块内部电路芯片提供电源电压，所述整流稳压模块用以稳定输出电压、防止电压波动影响负载，同时提供电流保护，防止电流过载损坏电路，最终确保电源质量，提供稳定输出。The electric energy emission processing module includes a driving module and a rectifying and voltage stabilizing module. The driving module is used to provide power supply voltage to the circuit chip inside the module. The rectifying and voltage stabilizing module is used to stabilize the output voltage and prevent voltage fluctuations from affecting the load. At the same time, it provides current protection to prevent current overload from damaging the circuit, ultimately ensuring the power quality and providing stable output. 所述信号接收处理模块包括调理模块、解调模块、解码模块及信号采集模块，所述调理模块对接收信号进行放大、滤波处理，用于降低噪声，改善信号质量；所述解调模块用于解调以恢复信号；所述解码模块用于解码信号；所述采集模块用于将处理后的信号通过井下电缆传输至远程中控。所述各模块顺次排序集成于同一电路板上，一端和信号接收线圈连接，接收并处理信号发射线圈传输的无线信号；另一端通过接头和电缆相连接，将信号回传至远程中控，最终实现无线信号传输。The signal receiving and processing module includes a conditioning module, a demodulation module, a decoding module and a signal acquisition module. The conditioning module amplifies and filters the received signal to reduce noise and improve signal quality; the demodulation module is used to demodulate to restore the signal; the decoding module is used to decode the signal; and the acquisition module is used to transmit the processed signal to the remote central control through the downhole cable. The modules are sequentially arranged and integrated on the same circuit board, one end is connected to the signal receiving coil to receive and process the wireless signal transmitted by the signal transmitting coil; the other end is connected to the cable through the connector to transmit the signal back to the remote central control, and finally realize wireless signal transmission. 所述电能发射线圈通过接口和电能发射处理模块相连接，基于磁感应耦合原理，用于将电能无线传输至套管外侧。线圈布设于短节内部容纳腔设置的凹槽内，并采用垫高材料进行垫高，缩短与电能接收线圈之间的气隙，从而使耦合系数k增大，以产生更大的感应电动势，提高耦合效率，减少磁场泄漏。所述垫高材料采用硅钢片以进一步增强磁导，减少损失。The power transmitting coil is connected to the power transmitting processing module through an interface, and is used to wirelessly transmit power to the outside of the casing based on the principle of magnetic induction coupling. The coil is arranged in a groove set in the internal accommodation cavity of the short section, and is padded with a padded material to shorten the air gap between the power receiving coil and the power transmitting coil, thereby increasing the coupling coefficient k to generate a larger induced electromotive force, improve coupling efficiency, and reduce magnetic field leakage. The padded material is made of silicon steel sheet to further enhance magnetic conductivity and reduce losses. 所述信号接收线圈通过接口和信号接收处理模块相连接，基于电磁感应原理，用于接收来自套管外侧的无线信号，信号接收线圈和电能发射线圈互不干扰，平行布设于短节内部容纳腔设置的凹槽内。The signal receiving coil is connected to the signal receiving processing module through an interface, and is used to receive wireless signals from the outside of the casing based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The signal receiving coil and the power transmitting coil do not interfere with each other and are arranged in parallel in the groove set in the internal accommodating cavity of the short section. 2.如权利1所述的套管短节通过两端设置的螺纹接头与井下套管相互咬合实现连接，短节内壁设有定位套，与油管弹性定位块配合定位，短节材质与一般套管材质相同。2. The casing pup joint as described in claim 1 is connected to the downhole casing by interlocking with threaded joints arranged at both ends. A positioning sleeve is provided on the inner wall of the pup joint to cooperate with the elastic positioning block of the oil pipe for positioning. The material of the pup joint is the same as that of the general casing. 3.如权利1所述的保护套筒通过卡箍连接方式固定于套管短节外壁，确保井下无线电能信号传输时两线圈位置对准，稳定传输。保护套筒材质为Inconel 625合金，内部中空并设有容纳腔和凹槽，包括能信处理模块、电能接收线圈、信号发射线圈及电池储能模块，所述能信处理模块上集成有电能接收处理模块和信号发射处理模块，并通过接口与线圈相连。3. The protective sleeve as described in claim 1 is fixed to the outer wall of the casing short section by a clamp connection method to ensure that the two coils are aligned and stably transmitted during the transmission of wireless power signals underground. The protective sleeve is made of Inconel 625 alloy, is hollow inside and is provided with a receiving cavity and a groove, and includes an energy processing module, an electric power receiving coil, a signal transmitting coil and a battery energy storage module. The energy processing module is integrated with an electric power receiving processing module and a signal transmitting processing module, and is connected to the coil through an interface. 所述电能接收处理模块用于处理接收到的无线电能并传输至电池储能模块。包括整流稳压模块和补偿模块，所述整流稳压模块用以稳定接收端电压波动，所述补偿模块在一定程度上减少功率损耗，提高系统接收效率。The power receiving and processing module is used to process the received wireless power and transmit it to the battery energy storage module. It includes a rectifier and voltage regulator module and a compensation module. The rectifier and voltage regulator module is used to stabilize the voltage fluctuation at the receiving end, and the compensation module reduces power loss to a certain extent and improves the system receiving efficiency. 所述信号发射处理模块包括调理模块、编码模块及调制模块，所述调理模块用于接收井下仪器信号并转换成标准过程信号；所述编码模块用于信道编码，增强抗干扰，抗衰能力；所述调制模块用于调制编码信号。The signal transmission processing module includes a conditioning module, a coding module and a modulation module. The conditioning module is used to receive downhole instrument signals and convert them into standard process signals; the coding module is used for channel coding to enhance anti-interference and anti-fading capabilities; and the modulation module is used to modulate coded signals. 所述电能接收线圈缠绕布置在套筒内部凹槽中，与电能发射线圈感应耦合接收电能，并通过接口和电能接收处理模块相连接。The power receiving coil is wound and arranged in the inner groove of the sleeve, inductively coupled with the power transmitting coil to receive power, and is connected to the power receiving processing module through an interface. 所述信号发射线圈通过接口和信号发射处理模块相连接，基于电磁感应原理，传输无线信号至油管侧。信号发射线圈和电能接收线圈互不干扰，平行布设于短节内部容纳腔设置的凹槽内。The signal transmitting coil is connected to the signal transmitting processing module through an interface, and transmits wireless signals to the oil pipe side based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The signal transmitting coil and the power receiving coil do not interfere with each other and are arranged in parallel in the grooves set in the internal accommodating cavity of the short section. 所述电池储能模块主要包括多个电池，所述电池容纳于模块内的容纳腔中，为保证电池充电过程的安全性，本模块还设计了电池管理系统，主要功能为监控电池的电压、电流、温度等参数，实现电池的充放电控制和平衡管理，确保电池的安全、稳定和高效运行，延长电池使用寿命。电池管理系统内置的判别电路用于判断电池是否充满，以调整充电策略，最终实现环空内无线电能传输。The battery energy storage module mainly includes multiple batteries, which are contained in the accommodating cavity in the module. To ensure the safety of the battery charging process, this module is also designed with a battery management system, whose main function is to monitor the battery's voltage, current, temperature and other parameters, realize the battery's charge and discharge control and balance management, ensure the battery's safe, stable and efficient operation, and extend the battery's service life. The built-in discrimination circuit of the battery management system is used to determine whether the battery is full, so as to adjust the charging strategy and finally realize wireless power transmission in the annulus. 4.如权利1所述的一种水下生产井密闭环空内无线信号传输装置及方法，可根据井下完整性监测需求，在单个井眼中沿电缆串联布置多个本装置，并且在多分支井中，可分别布置在主井眼和各分支井井眼中，扩大井下完整性监测范围。当多个装置运行时，位于水下生产系统的井下网络控制器执行电力和通信枢纽的角色，进行电能信号传输分配，为装置提供电气和通信接口，并将井下部分和井上部分连接在一起。4. A wireless signal transmission device and method in a closed annulus of an underwater production well as claimed in claim 1 can arrange multiple devices in series along the cable in a single wellbore according to the requirements of downhole integrity monitoring, and in a multi-branch well, they can be arranged in the main wellbore and each branch wellbore, respectively, to expand the downhole integrity monitoring range. When multiple devices are in operation, the downhole network controller located in the underwater production system performs the role of a power and communication hub, performs power signal transmission and distribution, provides electrical and communication interfaces for the device, and connects the downhole part and the uphole part together.
CN202510203533.8A 2025-02-24 2025-02-24 A wireless signal transmission device and method in a closed annulus of an underwater production well Pending CN119801499A (en)

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