CN119727875B - Satellite wave beam dispatching method, dispatching system, electronic equipment and medium - Google Patents
Satellite wave beam dispatching method, dispatching system, electronic equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种卫星波束调度方法、调度系统、电子设备及介质，该方法包括所述卫星发射多个波束；确定所述多个波束的工作状态；确定所述多个波束的负载值；根据所述多个波束的工作状态和所述多个波束的负载值，确定目标波束，以提供通信服务。本申请提高了卫星通信的整体运行效能和收益。
The present application discloses a satellite beam scheduling method, scheduling system, electronic device and medium, the method comprising the satellite transmitting multiple beams; determining the working status of the multiple beams; determining the load values of the multiple beams; and determining the target beam according to the working status of the multiple beams and the load values of the multiple beams to provide communication services. The present application improves the overall operational efficiency and benefits of satellite communications.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to a satellite beam scheduling method, a satellite beam scheduling system, an electronic device, and a medium.
Background
There are scenarios in satellite communications that mobilize on-board schedulable beams to provide communication services for users. The network can acquire the position information of the service application user by the mode of issuing by the service support system or actively reporting by the user terminal, so as to adjust the on-satellite schedulable beam coverage area to provide data and voice service for the user.
The service block diagram of the satellite schedulable beam is shown in fig. 1, after the debugging of the satellite communication system is completed, the working states of the satellite-borne frequency conversion equipment and the power amplifier are stable, and the baseband processing equipment is bound with the satellite beam, so that the technical state is not frequently changed.
When a user applies for service, a control center of the network system randomly selects 1 beam from the beams in an unused state to provide service for the user. For example, there are 5 schedulable beams on a satellite, beam 1 and beam 3 are already in service state, when a new user makes a service request and the user is not in the coverage area of beam 1 and beam 3, the operation control system randomly selects one beam from [ beam 2, beam 4 and beam 5] in idle state, and adjusts the coverage direction of the beam to ground to provide service for the user.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the application provides a satellite beam scheduling method, a scheduling system, an electronic device and a medium, which mainly solve the problem that the scheduling methods such as random scheduling and polling scheduling are not suitable for satellite communication services and have randomness, which may cause that components on the satellite are taken out in advance.
The application discloses a satellite wave beam scheduling method, which is applied to satellites and comprises the following steps:
the satellite transmitting a plurality of beams;
Determining the working states of the beams;
determining load values for the plurality of beams;
And determining a target beam according to the working states of the beams and the load values of the beams so as to provide communication services.
Further, the load value of each beam is the sum of the load accumulated values of a plurality of corresponding service channels;
the beam comprises a plurality of service channels, and the service channels are channels for transmitting signals from the satellite to the user.
Further, when the beam corresponding to the service channel does not serve the user currently, the beam is in an idle state.
Further, the method for obtaining the load accumulation value of the service channel comprises the following steps:
obtaining a load accumulation value of the service channel according to the first ratio, the first load value and the first weight value;
The first ratio is the ratio of a second power value to a first power value, wherein the first power value is the maximum power value initially output by a forward power amplifier on the satellite, and the second power value is the output power value of the forward power amplifier in a normal working state when no user service is carried after the maximum power value of the forward power amplifier is calibrated each time;
The first load value is the load value of the service channel from the time when the maximum power value calibration of the forward power amplifier is completed to the appointed time;
And the first weight value is a weight value of a load accumulation value of the service channel after calibrating the maximum power value of the forward power amplifier each time.
Further, the determining the target beam according to the working states of the beams and the load values of the beams includes:
the beam with the smallest load value is selected from the beams in the idle state as the target beam.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
and after the user releases the service channel, judging whether the maximum power value of the forward power amplifier needs to be recalibrated.
Further, the determining whether the maximum power value of the forward power amplifier needs to be recalibrated includes:
And recalibrating the maximum power value of the forward power amplifier if a preset condition occurs, wherein the preset condition comprises performance degradation of the forward power amplifier, or preset change of a coverage area of a beam corresponding to the forward power amplifier, or adjustment of performance indexes of a wireless link caused by satellite orbit change, or adjustment of the performance indexes of the wireless link caused by satellite business change.
Further, if the maximum power value of the forward power amplifier is recalibrated, updating the calibration value of the forward power amplifier, otherwise, updating the load value of the wave beam.
The application also discloses a satellite beam scheduling system, which is applied to satellites and comprises:
A transmitting module for transmitting a plurality of beams by the satellite;
the state determining module is used for determining the working states of the beams;
a load value determining module for determining load values of the plurality of beams;
and the beam determining module is used for determining a target beam according to the working states of the beams and the load values of the beams so as to provide communication service.
The application also discloses an electronic device, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program realizes the satellite beam scheduling method when being executed by the processor.
The application also discloses a computer readable storage medium comprising a computer program or instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the satellite beam scheduling method described above.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings for those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a satellite schedulable beam service in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a schedulable beam resource scheduling according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a satellite beam scheduling method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of another satellite beam scheduling method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, wherein the examples are shown only in a partial, but not in all embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.
On-board resources are the most precious resources in different types of satellite communication systems such as high orbit, low orbit and the like, and if performance indexes of on-board components are reduced, damaged or fail in a life cycle, the service capacity of satellites is reduced, so that the overhead of an operation network is increased.
In the configuration planning of multiple constellation orbits, considering that the coverage range of the satellite to the ground is wide, a plurality of schedulable beams, corresponding forward service channels and reverse service channels are usually arranged on the satellite, and the service channels and devices are generally designed in a redundancy way. In device implementation, the schedulable beam antenna generally has a plurality of types such as a mechanically schedulable antenna, a phased array antenna and the like, and the power amplifier of the service channel generally uses a travelling wave tube amplifier. The schedulable beam resource scheduling generally uses algorithms such as random scheduling, polling scheduling and the like, and the starting point is mainly based on resource availability, and the actual use condition of each schedulable beam and the full-working-condition life cycle of the on-board load resource are not considered in the scheduling process, but the factors influence the overall output of the system in the actual operation stage of various satellite constellations.
The satellite communication service sequentially passes through a plurality of components between the terminal and the server in a serial mode, and analysis of the full-link life cycle accords with the bucket theory, namely the full-link life cycle is not more than the life cycle of the shortest bucket plank.
Active components typically have a smaller lifetime than passive components, and in active components the rf amplifier typically has a shorter operating lifetime. Taking a traveling wave tube amplifier assembly as an example, the traveling wave tube amplifier assembly is a key component of an on-board radio frequency channel, and the service life of the traveling wave tube amplifier is far less than that of baseband processing equipment under the normal use scene. The life indexes of the traveling wave tubes of different types are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Life index of different types of traveling wave tubes
In actual satellite communication operation, the number of users, the user access position, the access time length, the forward and reverse traffic and other service parameters have uncertainty, the schedulable beam resources are scheduled by using a random algorithm, and under extreme conditions, the situation that some service channels bear most of the traffic and other service channels bear very little traffic can occur, and as the working environments of all the service channels on the satellite are the same, certain service channels are aged and disabled first, and the full-period service capability of the system is damaged.
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite beam scheduling method, which is applied to a satellite, and includes:
the satellite transmits a plurality of beams;
determining the working states of a plurality of beams;
Determining a load value for a plurality of beams;
And determining the target beam according to the working states of the beams and the load values of the beams so as to provide communication services.
By reasonably distributing the traffic among a plurality of beam resources, the problem of inconsistent life cycle of the beam resources under the full working condition caused by unbalanced use of the schedulable beam resources is effectively avoided, and therefore the overall operation efficiency and the benefit of satellite communication are improved. In view of wide application range of the schedulable wave beams on the satellite, the application value of the technical scheme of the application is increased. Traffic refers to the total traffic carried by the system using the steerable beams, which is the amount of traffic for the forward power amplifier. The forward power amplifier refers to the power amplifier used by the satellite transmit beam.
In one embodiment of the present application, the load value of each beam is the sum of the load accumulation values of its corresponding several traffic channels;
The beam includes several service channels, which are channels for satellite to transmit signals to the user side.
In one embodiment of the present application, when a user releases a service channel, a beam corresponding to the service channel is in an idle state when the user is not currently served by the beam.
In one embodiment of the present application, a method for obtaining a load accumulation value of a traffic channel includes:
The method comprises the steps of obtaining a load accumulation value of a service channel according to a first ratio, a first load value and a first weight value, wherein the first ratio is a ratio of a second power value to the first power value, the first power value is a maximum power value initially output by a forward power amplifier on a satellite, the second power value is an output power value of the forward power amplifier in a normal working state when no user service is carried after the maximum power value of the forward power amplifier is calibrated each time, the first load value is a load value of the service channel from the time when the maximum power value of the forward power amplifier is calibrated each time to a designated time, and the first weight value is a weight value of the load accumulation value of the service channel after the maximum power value of the forward power amplifier is calibrated each time.
The maximum power value of the initial output of the forward power amplifier on the satellite refers to the maximum output power of the forward power amplifier determined in the design stage, and is an important index of the power amplifier, and the index of the power amplifier in each system is designed in advance.
The embodiment of the application designs a scheduling mechanism of the satellite schedulable beam resources based on the load value of the satellite schedulable beam, ensures the balanced use of a plurality of schedulable beams on the satellite in the long-term operation process, and prolongs the working efficiency of the satellite.
In one possible implementation manner of the present application, two dimensions of an output calibration value of a forward power amplifier and a carried user traffic on a satellite are used, and a load of a satellite communication service channel is defined by combining a weight value, and a load accumulation value of an xth service channel of the satellite communication service is:
Wherein, Representing the load accumulation value of the X-th service channel at the t moment; The method comprises the steps of indicating the load value of an X service channel after the maximum power value of an ith calibrated forward power amplifier, wherein the value range of i is 1 to n, and n is a positive integer; 、 (first ratio), Is that3 Parameters of (2); the weight value (first weight value) representing the load accumulation value of the ith and the xth traffic channels may be a constant or a time-varying function; After indicating the maximum power value of the i-th calibration forward power amplifier, the output power value (second power value) of the forward power amplifier in a normal working state when no user service is carried is given, and the unit W; Representing the maximum power value (first power value) initially output by the forward power amplifier after considering factors such as G/T (receiver quality factor, ratio of receiver system antenna gain G to receiver system temperature noise T), EIRP (effective omni-directional radiation power, which is an important parameter for evaluating a radio frequency link and is the only parameter measurement of the performance of a part of a link transmitter), SFD (saturated flux density) and the like, wherein the maximum power value (first power value) is generally constant under the normal working condition of the forward power amplifier and is expressed in unit W; representing the load value of the service channel from the completion of the maximum power value calibration of the ith forward power amplifier to the moment t, and reflecting the influence of the user traffic on the service link; is the first load value. EIRP is the product of the transmit signal power Pt and the transmit antenna gain Gt, eirp=pt Gt, SFD means that when the forward power amplifier outputs saturation, the signal power received in unit area on the input port of the satellite transponder, when the input signal power flux reaches SFD, the forward power amplifier enters saturation state, and the output power is not increased linearly with the input signal power.
Alternatively, the reason for the forward power amplifier calibration is that each communication system has a power calibration process, and in a terrestrial mobile communication scenario, the forward power of the base station has been determined in the simulation and laboratory test phases and is embodied in the protocol. In the satellite communication scene, the wireless channel environment of satellite communication is different and not standard due to different satellite orbit types, different heights, different satellite antenna calibers, different service application scenes (navigation, broadcast television, communication), different terminal types (handheld terminal, 0.6/1.2/2.4 meter caliber antenna) and the like. The transmitting power of the forward power amplifier for satellite communication needs to be subjected to power calibration in a ground terminal measuring mode after the satellite is in orbit, namely the most suitable output value of the forward power amplifier is determined.
The calibration process of the forward power amplifier on the satellite is as follows:
After the satellite is orbiting, the beam emitted by the satellite is directed to the user area, the user side and the satellite side perform the end-to-end signal emission and reception, and the actual C/N (the ratio of the average power C of the received modulated signal to the average power N of the noise) or Eb/N0 (the ratio of the bit energy Eb to the noise power spectral density N0) is measured. And determining the system parameter values such as the transmitting power of a power amplifier of the satellite, the transmitting power of a ground user and the like by considering the service requirement and performing actual verification.
In one possible implementation manner of the present application, a method for calculating a load accumulation value of an xth service channel of a satellite communication service includes:
and multiplying and accumulating the first ratio, the first load value and the first weight value to obtain the load accumulated value of the service channel to obtain the load accumulated value of the X-th service channel of the satellite communication service.
In particular, it can be assumed that the aboveIs a product function, andIs thatThe load accumulation value of the xth traffic channel is:
for a certain service channel, if the maximum output power value of the forward power amplifier on the satellite is 150W, after the indexes such as G/T, EIRP, SFD and the like are actually adjusted, the actual maximum output power of the forward power amplifier is limited to 120W, then Equal to 120W. Assuming that no user service exists, the output power of the forward power amplifier is reserved to fall back by 3db, that is, the output power of the forward power amplifier in no-load scene is reduced by half compared with the maximum power, the forward power amplifier in normal working state after the maximum power of the forward power amplifier is calibrated for the first time, and the output power of the forward power amplifier in no-load user service existsEqual to 60W, and re-calibrating the idle output power of the forward power amplifier to 50W at the time T after a period of operation, so that the forward power amplifier in a normal working state after the maximum power of the forward power amplifier is calibrated for the second time can output power when no user service is carriedEqual to 50W and which already carries 100Gb throughput before time T (the load value of the traffic channel up to time T). In the load calculation processIs fixed after each power calibrationWill vary.
If the power output value of the power amplifier is larger than the full power value, the condition that the index is not satisfied can occur. The reasons for reserving and backing the output power of the forward power amplifier include 1, preventing the power value of the forward power amplifier from exceeding an expected full power value due to equipment aging, power calibration errors, user equipment faults, power supply fluctuation and the like, 2, after the satellite system is started, power control, power/modulation/coding self-adaption actions are carried out between the user side and the forward power amplifier in a service state, the output power value of the forward power amplifier fluctuates on the basis of a preset value, and the reserved and backing is needed to be considered on the basis of the full power value from the preset value.
Load accumulation value of service channel before time T, T < = T:
=
= (60/120)
when the time t=t is the time, =100 Gb, then:
=
= (60/120) = (60/120)2
the load accumulation value of the service channel after the time T, T > T:
= +
= (60/120)2+ (50/120)
In one embodiment of the application, the load value of each beam is the sum of the load accumulated values of a plurality of corresponding service channels, the beam comprises a plurality of service channels, and the service channels are channels for transmitting signals from satellites to a user side. The load value of each beam can be used to measure the degree of consumption of the service channel, i.e. the more forward power amplifiers are used, the greater the likelihood of loss, and the less the use, the less the likelihood of loss.
In one embodiment of the present application, determining a target beam based on the operating states of the plurality of beams and the load values of the plurality of beams includes:
When a new user needs to use the satellite network resources, a beam with the minimum load value is selected from the beams in the idle state to be used as a target beam. Wherein, referring to fig. 3, after the beam with the smallest load value is scheduled, the state of the beam is updated from the idle state to the busy state.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 3, the method further includes updating the load value of the beam corresponding to the service channel after the user releases the service channel.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 3, further comprising:
And after the user releases the service channel, judging whether the maximum power value of the forward power amplifier needs to be recalibrated.
In fig. 3, updating the calibration value of the forward power amplifier refers to determiningThe load accumulation value of the service channel is calculated, so that the load accumulation value of the service channel is calculated after the load value of the service channel is updated in fig. 3. And after the user releases the service channel, updating the load value of the service channel. I.e. after each time the user releases the service channel, the load value of the service channel is triggered and updated. If the user does not release the service channel, judging whether the user applies for service, if the user does not apply for service, continuing judging whether the user releases the service channel to acquire the state of each beam in real time, wherein, taking 1 service channel corresponding to each beam as an example for explanation, and if the service channels are released by all 5 users, the beam state corresponding to the service channel is idle, otherwise, the beam state is busy, and if the user applies for new service, the beam is not required to be invoked. In addition, after 1 user releases the service channel, the corresponding beam load value can be updated, or after another 4 users release the service channel, the corresponding beam load value can be calculated, but the memory capacity and the calculation complexity are higher.
On the basis of the embodiment, when a new user requests to use network resources, the operation control system can select the beam which is in the idle state and has the minimum load value in the schedulable beams for scheduling, so as to provide services for the user. The signal is amplified by the forward power amplifier and then transmitted through the antenna to form a wave beam. The operation control system forming beam may be described as { key: [ value1, value2, ] according to the operation control system design, key represents the generated beam, value1 represents the forward power amplifier, value2 represents the antenna; for example, { No. 3 beam } [ power amplifier 2, antenna 5, ] means that the signal is amplified by the forward power amplifier 2 and transmitted by the antenna 5, forming No. 3 beam.
For ease of illustration, the resource scheduling process will be described assuming that there are 3 schedulable beams on the satellite, 1 beam corresponds to 1 traffic channel, and as shown in fig. 2, the abscissa is the beam and the ordinate is the load value of the beam. The service channels are from the forward power amplifier on the satellite, the antenna to the user terminal, and 1 service channel can simultaneously bear a plurality of users.
① Beam 2 is in the busy state and beams 1 and 3 are in the idle state.
② At the time T1, the operation control system receives the message of the user requesting the business service and judges the load value of the beam in the idle state. Because of<=The running control system schedules beam 3 in idle state to serve the user, and then beam 3 is changed from idle state to busy state, wherein,For the load value of beam 3,Is the load value of beam 1;
③ Beam 2 and beam 3 are in busy state and beam 1 is in idle state.
④ At the time T2, the user releases the service channel, and the beam 2 is changed from the busy state to the idle state.
⑤ At time T3, the output power of the forward power amplifier used by beam 1 is recalibrated and the operational control system synchronously corrects the parameter values required to calculate the load value of beam 1 (e.g.、). It should be noted that, before the initial use, the forward power amplifier needs to calibrate the output power value, and then a special case occurs, so that the forward power amplifier needs to be calibrated again. Special cases may be that the components of the forward power amplifier age, the beam coverage area varies greatly, the traffic type varies, the ground terminal varies, etc. The load value of the beam in the busy state becomes large.
⑥ At time T4, the run-time control system processes the new user service request message because<The scheduling beam 1 provides service. After time T4, the load value of beam 1 continues to accumulate over the original value. Wherein, Is the load value of beam 2.
In one embodiment of the application, determining whether a maximum power value of an on-board power amplifier needs to be recalibrated comprises:
And recalibrating the maximum power value of the forward power amplifier if a preset condition occurs, wherein the preset condition comprises performance degradation of the forward power amplifier, or preset change of a coverage area of a beam corresponding to the forward power amplifier, or adjustment of performance indexes of a wireless link caused by satellite orbit change, or adjustment of the performance indexes of the wireless link caused by satellite business change.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 3, when the maximum power value of the forward power amplifier needs to be recalibrated, the calibration value (second power value) of the forward power amplifier is updated, otherwise, after updating the load value of the traffic channel, the load value of the beam is updated.
Compared with the traditional on-satellite beam resource scheduling method, the method can reduce the unexpected probability of service withdrawal in the design period of the schedulable beam on the satellite, prolong the full-working-condition life cycle of satellite service and improve the efficiency and the income of satellite communication operation. The application is based on the calibration index (calibration value of the forward power amplifier, which can be determined after calibrating the power each time) and the load traffic (which means that the forward power amplifier on the satellite generally loads the service links of a plurality of users, and the service data of a plurality of users are contained in the signal sent by the forward power amplifier), has strong technical adaptability, does not need to distinguish the antenna type, the satellite orbit mode and the constellation type on the satellite, and is applicable to the mechanically schedulable antenna, the phased array antenna, the high orbit satellite scene and the low orbit satellite scene. The unexpected service withdrawal refers to the situation that the beam of the satellite has a fault and cannot be used, and the common forward power amplifier is designed with a backup, for example, 5 forward power amplifiers are used for the main purpose, and 2 forward power amplifiers are backed up. The forward power amplifier used by the ground mobile communication equipment has high fault rate, but can be replaced, and the forward power amplifier on the satellite cannot be replaced when the forward power amplifier on the satellite fails. If the performance index of the forward power amplifier is reduced and the design requirement is not met, the forward power amplifier is considered to be faulty if the user cannot be served.
The quantitative efficiency of the algorithm is evaluated by simulating the basic use scene of the schedulable beam of the satellite and comparing the influence of the algorithm of the application and the existing beam random selection algorithm on the beam service index.The product function is taken as a function of the product,Taking the logarithmic mapping value and the weight value of the trafficIn the scenario where there are 6 schedulable beam resources, the performance evaluation results of the algorithm are shown in table 2. The beam service index refers to a service life index under the normal working condition of the beam. The quantized efficacy evaluation of the algorithm is based on the premise that the beam is used for a long time, and after carrying a certain amount of service, the beam is taken out of service (failure or fault).
Table 2 comparison of the evaluation results of the algorithm of the present application with other algorithms
The embodiment of the application also provides a satellite beam scheduling system, which is applied to satellites and comprises:
A transmitting module for satellite transmitting a plurality of beams;
The state determining module is used for determining the working states of the beams;
The load value determining module is used for determining load values of a plurality of beams;
And the beam determining module is used for determining the target beam according to the working states of the beams and the load values of the beams so as to provide communication service.
The embodiment of the application also provides electronic equipment, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program realizes the satellite beam scheduling method in the embodiment when being executed by the processor.
The embodiment of the application also provides a computer readable storage medium, which comprises a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the satellite beam scheduling method described in the embodiment.
It should be noted that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence number of each process does not mean that the execution sequence of each process should be determined according to the function and the internal logic, and should not limit the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
It should be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working processes of the satellite beam scheduling system, the electronic device and the computer readable storage medium described in the foregoing embodiments of the method may refer to corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the steps implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program indicating that the relevant hardware is implemented, where the program may be stored on a computer readable storage medium, where the storage medium may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present application and is not intended to be limiting, and modifications, equivalents, improvements and other embodiments of the application may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the application.
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| CN111328441B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2022-02-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Beam allocation method and device |
| US11924872B2 (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2024-03-05 | Hughes Network Systems, Llc | Prioritization in aeronautical satellite networks |
| CN113098584B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-08-24 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院网络信息研究所 | Multi-beam satellite communication power control method for large-scale radiation array |
| CN119154941B (en) * | 2024-11-19 | 2025-01-28 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A communication satellite multi-carrier group load balancing method |
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| CN107864506A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-30 | 南京理工大学 | Ka multi-beam satellite method for distributing system resource based on glowworm swarm algorithm |
| CN112583471A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-30 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Satellite communication resource scheduling method and device |
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