CN119689816A - AIGC-based holographic display method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of optical display and artificial intelligence, in particular to an intelligent holographic display system, and specifically relates to a three-dimensional display system using an artificial intelligent content generation model (AIGC) and a calculation hologram, which can remarkably improve the interaction performance of the system. The system includes a computer, a spatial light modulator, a laser, a lens, and a support structure. According to the description of the object to be displayed by the observer, a three-dimensional digital scene is generated by a three-dimensional generation model loaded by a computer, then the three-dimensional scene is projected on different observation planes to obtain RGB-D images under different visual angles, corresponding calculation holograms are generated based on the RGB-D images, and finally the holograms are loaded on a spatial light modulator and illuminated by a laser, so that the three-dimensional scene is displayed. The invention combines AIGC with holographic display, and utilizes the strong mode generation capability of AIGC, so that the display system can realize the display of the personalized three-dimensional scene directly based on the relevant description of the observer on the scene.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical display and artificial intelligence, in particular to an interactive intelligent holographic display method.
Background
Holography is used for realizing three-dimensional display by means of optical interference recording and diffraction reproduction and completely recording and reproducing wave-front information of an object. Among many three-dimensional display schemes, the holographic display technology is the only scheme capable of providing all three-dimensional visual information, and can achieve a real and natural display effect.
Early holographic display techniques required the use of photosensitive materials and involved complex interference procedures to record the wavefront information of an object, and the advent of computers enabled the generation of holograms by analog computing. The existing computer-generated hologram (CGH) based method mainly realizes holographic display through three steps, namely 1) modeling a three-dimensional scene to be displayed firstly, 2) generating a hologram capable of displaying the three-dimensional scene in space by using a phase recovery algorithm, and 3) loading the designed hologram on a spatial light modulator and illuminating the spatial light modulator by a light source so as to realize display of a preset three-dimensional scene. The research in the field of holographic display mainly focuses on the first step of researching how to quickly generate holograms and realizing high-quality three-dimensional display effect at the algorithm level and the second step of researching a spatial light modulator with large size, high resolution and space-time bandwidth product at the hardware level to realize the application requirements of holographic display on large size, large field of view and high refresh rate.
In recent years, deep learning has been used in the field of holographic displays, which can generate holograms with a resolution of 1920×1080 pixels at 60Hz on a single consumer-level graphics processing unit by training on a large amount of data to obtain a neural network model that can quickly generate holograms. On the other hand, the refresh rate of the spatial light modulator is also increased to KHz magnitude due to the progress of the process, and the super-surface-based modulation scheme can regulate and control the optical signal in a sub-wavelength scale, so that the holographic display with a large view field can be realized. It can be seen that advances in algorithms and hardware have made it possible to achieve fast high quality holographic displays, which are also expected to be one of the key technologies in the metauniverse concept.
But as a first step in holographic display, the generation of three-dimensional digital models has not received widespread attention. Existing methods commonly obtain three-dimensional digital models by manually designing or three-dimensionally imaging a real scene, and most generated three-dimensional models are also only projections of three-dimensional objects at a certain viewing angle, and are not true three-dimensional models, such as RGB-D images. In addition, the process of obtaining the three-dimensional digital model lacks human-computer interaction, the display of the three-dimensional scene cannot be intelligently realized according to the requirements of an ordinary observer, and a professional modeling tool is needed to be used for establishing the three-dimensional digital model according to the requirements of the observer by a professional staff.
Recently, the rapid development of the field of artificial intelligence generation Content (AI GENERATED Content, AIGC) has brought new opportunities to a number of fields, in which a Text-to-3D method represented by DreamFusion, magic3D can automatically generate a three-dimensional model according to a user's description. The existing holographic display method has not been used AIGC effectively.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a AIGC-based holographic display method, which can effectively solve the problems that a three-dimensional digital model is difficult to construct and man-machine interaction is lacking in holographic display.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a AIGC-based holographic display method, comprising:
step 1, converting a three-dimensional virtual scene described by an observer into a three-dimensional digital model;
step 2, projecting the three-dimensional digital model on different observation visual angles to obtain RGB-D images under different visual angles, and generating corresponding holograms;
And 3, loading holograms under different visual angles onto the spatial light modulator according to the requirements of observers, and enabling the laser beam to irradiate the spatial light modulator to display the three-dimensional scene at the different visual angles.
Further, the step 1 is to convert the three-dimensional virtual scene described by the observer into a three-dimensional digital model, and specifically includes:
The method comprises the following steps that S1.1, an observer describes a three-dimensional scene to be displayed, wherein the three-dimensional scene to be displayed comprises the appearance, the category, the relative position relation, the color, the texture and/or the theme of objects, and a three-dimensional virtual scene description file is obtained, and the three-dimensional virtual scene description file adopts text and/or voice;
s1.2, converting the three-dimensional virtual scene description file into English text by using translation software and voice recognition software;
s1.3, generating a three-dimensional digital model from the English Text by a Text-to-3D method of three-dimensional digital modeling in AIGC.
Further, the step 2 is to project the three-dimensional digital model on different viewing angles to obtain RGB-D images under different viewing angles, and generate corresponding holograms, which specifically includes:
s2.1, equally dividing a three-dimensional digital model O=f (x, y, z) into a plurality of view angles for projection, and ensuring that RGB-D images under each view angle can be displayed by a current hardware system;
S2.2 at a certain viewing angle Lower RGB-D imageThe method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Where P (·) is the perspective projection sign operator, The included angles between the connecting line of the center of a certain observation surface and the round point and the x, y and z coordinate axes are respectively, the value range of the included angles is 0-2 pi, and the angle sampling interval is setN is larger than or equal to 1 to determine redundancy between RGB-D images obtained by projection of adjacent view angles,For the angle of view of the holographic display,Λ is the laser wavelength and Δx is the pixel size of the display device.
S2.3, generating corresponding holograms by using a CGH method according to the RGB-D image, wherein a pre-trained hologram generation model is used, and three holograms for displaying R, G, B three channel depth and intensity information are obtained by taking the RGB-D image as input and outputting.
Further, the observer needs three-dimensional object viewing angle information that the observer wants to view in the step 3.
Further, according to the voice, characters, actions or hands of the observer, the requirement of the observer is clarified, and the holograms corresponding to the object visual angles expected to be displayed by the observer are selected to be loaded to the spatial light modulator, so that the display requirement of the observer on different visual angles of the three-dimensional object is met.
Further, the spatial light modulator in the step 3 is a liquid crystal spatial light modulator or a programmable dynamic super surface.
Further, the laser in the step 3 includes R, G, B three-color lasers for respectively illuminating holograms for displaying the channels R, G, B, so as to realize the display of RGB-D images.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
By fusing the holographic display and AIGC, the invention solves the problems of difficult generation of the three-dimensional digital model and lack of man-machine interaction in the holographic display, and enriches the presentation form of AIGC generated content. The holographic display system designed based on the method can finish the display of the three-dimensional scene directly according to the description of the virtual three-dimensional scene by the observer, and in addition, the observer can select the view angle of the current three-dimensional scene to realize novel intelligent holographic display.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional digital scene obtained by using AIGC in steps S1-S3 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the projection of a three-dimensional digital scene to obtain RGB-D images at different viewing angles in step S4 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system apparatus for loading holograms in step S7 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart depicting the steps of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
A method of AIGC holographic display, comprising the steps of:
And S1, an observer describes a three-dimensional scene to be displayed, wherein the observer can imagine a three-dimensional scene according to subjective, and then describe the scene in a text and voice mode, and the description contents comprise the appearance, the category, the relative position relation between objects, the color, the texture and the theme of the objects.
And S2, recognizing the description as English text, namely uniformly converting the text and the voice describing the three-dimensional virtual scene into English, wherein the conversion is completed by using text translation and voice recognition.
S3, generating a three-dimensional digital model from the Text by using a Text-to-3D method related to three-dimensional digital modeling in AIGC fields, and rapidly generating the three-dimensional digital model related to the description content of the observer. The Text-to-3D method is a AIGC large model with advantages of generating speed and visual effect, and has the function of connecting the contexts. The observer can use the new description to enable the system to display a more satisfactory three-dimensional scene based on the generated three-dimensional digital scene or the difference between the three-dimensional scene displayed in step S7 and the observer' S fictional three-dimensional scene.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional digital scene obtained by using AIGC in steps S1-S3 according to the present invention, and it can be seen that the observer can conveniently and automatically convert the imagined three-dimensional virtual scene into the three-dimensional digital scene through the steps S1-S3. The three-dimensional scene in step S1 is fictitious for an observer. The viewer's description of the three-dimensional scene to be displayed may be text manually entered by the viewer, or spoken speech thereof.
S4, projecting the generated three-dimensional digital model on different observation visual angles to obtain RGB-D images under different visual angles, wherein the visual angle of holographic display is twice the diffraction angle:
where λ is the laser wavelength and Δx is the pixel size of the display device.
The pixel size of the existing spatial light modulator is in the micrometer level, and the angle of view of holographic display under visible light illumination is limited to about 10 degrees, so that the full view of the generated three-dimensional digital scene cannot be displayed. In step S4, the three-dimensional digital scene is equally divided into RGB-D images under multiple viewing angles, so that the RGB-D images under each viewing angle can be displayed by the current hardware system, and the three-dimensional scene is depicted by switching and displaying the RGB-D images of different viewing angles. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, a three-dimensional digital scene o=f (x, y, z) is projected at a certain viewing angle, and an RGB-D image at the viewing angle is obtained as
Wherein, P (·) is the view projection sign operator,Is the view angleThe resulting RGB-D image is down-projected,The included angles between the connecting line of the center of a certain observation surface and the round point and the x, y and z coordinate axes are respectively, the value range of the included angles is 0-2 pi, and the angle sampling interval isN.gtoreq.1 determines redundancy between RGB-D images projected from adjacent views.
The step S4 is to calculate a projection of the three-dimensional digital model projected on the observation angle for obtaining an information distribution condition of the three-dimensional digital model under a certain angle. The RGB-D image is the information distribution under a certain view angle.
And S5, according to the RGB-D image, a CGH method is used for rapidly generating a corresponding hologram, a pre-trained hologram is used for generating a network model, and the RGB-D image is used as input to rapidly output the generated hologram. The resulting hologram may be loaded onto a spatial light modulator to achieve a high quality display of the RGB-D image.
The CGH method used in step S5 is a deep learning, and the CGH method based on the deep learning combines the hologram generating speed and the hologram displaying effect. The data used to train the neural network includes a large number of RGB-D images and corresponding high quality label holograms. The hologram includes a fresnel hologram and a fourier transform hologram. The RGB-D images correspond to three holograms respectively used for displaying R, G, B three-way three-dimensional information. In one embodiment of the invention, the acquisition mode of the RGB-D image comprises the projection of a Text-to-3D pre-generated three-dimensional digital model under each view angle, an open source RGB-D image (such as MIT-CGH-4K), a manually designed RGB-D image and a three-dimensional imaging result of a real object. The high quality label holograms are capable of displaying high quality three-dimensional scenes, i.e. corresponding RGB-D images.
And S6, loading holograms under different visual angles onto the spatial light modulator according to the requirements of observers, wherein one pair of holograms only can display three-dimensional information of a three-dimensional object under a certain visual angle range due to limited visual angle, and the holograms under different visual angles are loaded to display the three-dimensional information of the three-dimensional object under different visual angles. According to the voice, characters, actions, hands and the like of the observer, the requirement of the observer is clarified, and a hologram corresponding to the object visual angle expected to be displayed by the observer is selected for loading to the spatial light modulator.
And S7, the laser irradiates the spatial light modulator to display different visual angles of the three-dimensional object, namely, according to the holographic display device shown in FIG. 3, three holograms R, G, B which are sequentially loaded to the spatial light modulator are illuminated by R, G, B laser beams, and the display of RGB-D scenes is realized in a target area.
And S8, repeating the steps S1 to S7 for a new three-dimensional scene to be displayed, wherein when an observer wants to display the new three-dimensional scene or modify the current display scene, the steps are repeated as shown in FIG. 4.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the high quality label holograms are obtained by obtaining the holograms with the best display effect on the current RGB-D image based on the current RGB-D image by using the methods of Gerchberg-Saxton, WIRTINGER HOLOGRAPHY, camera-in-the-loop (CITL) optimization and the like.
Neural network architectures used in deep learning based CGH methods include convolution, residual connection, and transducer architectures. The training mode of the neural network used in the CGH method based on the deep learning is data-driven supervised learning, physical model-driven self-supervised learning, physical model-data combined-driven semi-supervised learning and the like. The physical model comprises diffraction propagation physical models such as angular spectrum diffraction, fresnel diffraction, fraunhofer diffraction and the like.
The spatial light modulator to be used for loading the generated hologram in step S6 may be of a phase type, an amplitude type, or an amplitude phase simultaneous regulation. The implementation mode of the spatial light modulator comprises a liquid crystal spatial light modulator (LC-SLM) and a programmable dynamic super surface. In step S6, the RGB-D image at a certain viewing angle can be selected for display according to the requirement of the observer.
In one embodiment of the invention, the observer requirement expression mode comprises that an observer selects limb language, word description and voice description.
The display system device used in step S7 includes a laser, a spatial light modulator, a beam splitter, a lens, and a support structure. The laser used in step S7 generates red, green, and blue laser light. Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the spatial light modulator used in step S7 sequentially loads holograms for displaying R, G, B three-way three-dimensional information. The spatial light modulator loaded with the hologram for displaying R, G, B three-way three-dimensional information is illuminated by R, G, B three-color laser light, respectively. The display of the RGB-D image is achieved in a manner that can be time multiplexed and spatially multiplexed. The time multiplexing is specifically that holograms for displaying R, G, B three-way three-dimensional information are loaded to the same spatial position and are sequentially illuminated by R, G, B three-color lasers. The spatial multiplexing is specifically that holograms for displaying R, G, B three-dimensional information are loaded to different spatial positions and simultaneously illuminated by R, G, B three-color lasers.
The invention relates to a AIGC-based holographic display method and a AIGC-based holographic display device, which are used for generating a three-dimensional digital scene by a three-dimensional generation model loaded by a computer according to the description of an object to be displayed by an observer, then projecting the three-dimensional scene on different observation surfaces to obtain RGB-D images under different visual angles, generating corresponding calculation holograms based on the RGB-D images, and finally loading the holograms onto a spatial light modulator to be illuminated by a laser, thereby realizing the display of the three-dimensional scene. The invention combines AIGC with holographic display, and utilizes the strong mode generation capability of AIGC, so that the display system can realize the display of the personalized three-dimensional scene directly based on the relevant description of the observer on the scene.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several equivalent substitutions and obvious modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the same should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A AIGC-based holographic display method, comprising:
step 1, converting a three-dimensional virtual scene described by an observer into a three-dimensional digital model;
step 2, projecting the three-dimensional digital model on different observation visual angles to obtain RGB-D images under different visual angles, and generating corresponding holograms;
And 3, loading holograms under different visual angles onto the spatial light modulator according to the requirements of observers, and enabling the laser beam to irradiate the spatial light modulator to display the three-dimensional scene at the different visual angles.
2. The AIGC-based holographic display method of claim 1, wherein said step 1. Converting the three-dimensional virtual scene described by the observer into a three-dimensional digital model comprises:
The method comprises the following steps that S1.1, an observer describes a three-dimensional scene to be displayed, wherein the three-dimensional scene to be displayed comprises the appearance, the category, the relative position relation, the color, the texture and/or the theme of objects, and a three-dimensional virtual scene description file is obtained, and the three-dimensional virtual scene description file adopts text and/or voice;
s1.2, converting the three-dimensional virtual scene description file into English text by using translation software and voice recognition software;
s1.3, generating a three-dimensional digital model from the English Text by a Text-to-3D method of three-dimensional digital modeling in AIGC.
3. The AIGC-based holographic display method of claim 1, wherein said step 2) comprises projecting said three-dimensional digital model at different viewing angles to obtain RGB-D images at different viewing angles and generating corresponding holograms, comprising:
s2.1, equally dividing a three-dimensional digital model O=f (x, y, z) into a plurality of view angles for projection, and ensuring that RGB-D images under each view angle can be displayed by a current hardware system;
S2.2 at a certain viewing angle Lower RGB-D imageThe method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Where P (·) is the perspective projection sign operator, The included angles between the connecting line of the center of a certain observation surface and the round point and the x, y and z coordinate axes are respectively, the value range of the included angles is 0-2 pi, and the angle sampling interval is setN is larger than or equal to 1 to determine redundancy between RGB-D images obtained by projection of adjacent view angles,For the angle of view of the holographic display,Λ is the laser wavelength and Δx is the pixel size of the display device.
S2.3, generating corresponding holograms by using a CGH method according to the RGB-D image, wherein a pre-trained hologram generation model is used, and three holograms for displaying R, G, B three channel depth and intensity information are obtained by taking the RGB-D image as input and outputting.
4. The AIGC-based holographic display of claim 1, wherein the observer requirement in step 3 is three-dimensional object viewing angle information that the observer wants to view.
5. The AIGC-based holographic display method as claimed in claim 4, wherein according to the voice, text, motion or hand of the observer, the observer's requirement is clarified, and the hologram corresponding to the object viewing angle that the observer desires to display is selected for loading to the spatial light modulator, so as to meet the display requirement of the observer for different viewing angles of the three-dimensional object.
6. The AIGC-based holographic display of claim 1, in which the spatial light modulator in step 3 is a liquid crystal spatial light modulator or a programmable dynamic subsurface.
7. The AIGC-based holographic display of claim 1, wherein the laser in step 3 comprises R, G, B three-color lasers for illuminating holograms for displaying each channel of R, G, B, respectively, to effect the display of RGB-D images.
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