CN119643603A - Weld joint detection method of pipe ring part based on source outside vertical transillumination single-wall single-shadow - Google Patents
Weld joint detection method of pipe ring part based on source outside vertical transillumination single-wall single-shadow Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了基于源在外垂直透照单壁单影的管环零件的焊缝检测方法，根据射线检测标准GJB1187A，确定相应管环零件的透照次数N和一次有效透照长度L；将管环零件放置在有效透照区域内，管环零件放置在两个等弧度的弧型座上，然后用分度圆盘将管环零件固定，所述分度圆盘的周侧安装有与管环零件平行的两个分度圆平行轴，相邻两个分度圆平行轴之间的区域为单次曝光观察的区域；然后再利用胶片检测系统工装对应相应的透照长度L，所述胶片检测系统工装平行插入管环零件内部，且管环零件内部的胶片检测系统工装对应焊缝处设置铅皮；通过旋转胶片检测系统工装和转动分度圆盘上转盘实现对管环零件进行360°胶片式源在外单壁透照的射线检测。本发明克服了现有检测的工件检测时间长、工作量大、效率低下、稳定性极差等问题，具有较好的实用性。
The invention discloses a weld detection method for a pipe ring part based on a single-wall single-shadow vertically penetrating source outside. According to the ray detection standard GJB1187A, the number of penetrating times N and the effective penetrating length L of the corresponding pipe ring part are determined; the pipe ring part is placed in an effective penetrating area, the pipe ring part is placed on two arc-shaped seats with equal arcs, and then the pipe ring part is fixed by a dividing disk, the circumferential side of the dividing disk is provided with two dividing circle parallel axes parallel to the pipe ring part, and the area between the two adjacent dividing circle parallel axes is the single exposure observation area; then a film detection system tool is used to correspond to the corresponding penetrating length L, the film detection system tool is inserted into the pipe ring part in parallel, and a lead sheet is arranged at the corresponding weld of the film detection system tool inside the pipe ring part; by rotating the film detection system tool and rotating the turntable on the dividing disk, 360° film-type source external single-wall penetrating ray detection of the pipe ring part is realized. The present invention overcomes the problems of long workpiece detection time, heavy workload, low efficiency, poor stability, etc. in the prior art and has good practicality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of weld joint part ray detection, and particularly relates to a weld joint detection method of a pipe ring part based on source outside vertical transillumination single-wall single-shadow.
Background
At present, the small-diameter pipe girth weld generally refers to a pipe weld with the outer diameter less than or equal to 100mm, the small-diameter pipe girth weld parts are widely applied to industries such as electric power, petrochemical industry, aviation and the like, and in aircraft manufacturing, aircraft maintenance, missile and other aircraft manufacturing, the small-diameter pipe girth weld parts are flight control systems such as aviation booster, actuator cylinder, accumulator and the like and hydraulic system weight closing parts. The small-diameter pipe girth weld part is mainly used for conveying oil, combustible gas, steam and reaction liquid, heat exchange and cooling piping and connecting pipes, aviation actuating cylinders, aviation hydraulic parts and the like, wherein a large part of the small-diameter pipe girth weld part works in a severe environment of high-temperature and high-pressure corrosive media, and the weld is a weak link in the part, so that once leakage or damage occurs, the loss is huge. Film radiography is one of the most widely used and mature means of small diameter tube girth welding.
The small-diameter pipe girth weld is a special large-transmittance workpiece, the weld radiography is a special variable-section working radiography problem, and currently adopted radiography methods are an elliptical imaging transillumination method (a double-wall double-shadow method) and an external vertical transillumination single-wall single-shadow method. The outside vertical transillumination single-wall single-shadow method is preferably selected for aviation parts, because the transillumination thickness of the outside vertical transillumination single-wall single-shadow method is single-wall, and the transillumination thickness of the elliptical imaging transillumination method is double-wall, the source in sensitivity is more advantageous in an external vertical transilluminating single-wall single-shadow method, for example, when a double-wall double-shadow is adopted by an annular welding seam with the wall thickness of 8mm, the transilluminating wall thickness is 16mm, and the single-wall image quality index required to be found when the double-wall double-shadow is detected by class A is #13 filament. However, the double-wall image quality index required to be found in the class A detection is #12 filament, and the sensitivity of single-wall transillumination is higher than that of double-wall double-shadow. When the double-wall transillumination is carried out on a welding line of a small-diameter tube, the change of the thickness of the transillumination causes large change of blackness and geometric indistinctness of an image, the width of an opening of the image is required to be adjusted during double-wall double-image, the width of the opening of the image directly influences the observable image quality, and more importantly, when the relative transillumination thickness is low during radiography, the selected voltage is definitely relatively low, and the resulting delta D (image contrast) is larger, so that the outside vertical transillumination single-wall single-image method of a source is preferably selected under the condition of transillumination condition allowance comprehensively.
When the source outside vertical transillumination single-wall single-shadow method is adopted, the ray source is placed on the central line of the welding line during transillumination arrangement, the central ray beam vertically points to the center of the transillumination welding line area, and the lead plate is required to be placed on the dark back of the film so as to shield scattered rays from other parts of the inner wall of the workpiece. However, the application source external vertical transillumination single-wall single-shadow method can involve the corresponding problems of large workload, low efficiency, large feedback opinion of workers, inaccurate positioning, repeated transillumination reworking caused by lead skin and film falling, unclear imaging, great influence by human, extremely poor stability, low working efficiency caused by transillumination of only one welding seam for one transillumination, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a welding seam detection method of a pipe ring part based on source outside vertical transillumination single-wall single-shadow, and aims to efficiently and conveniently detect rays.
The invention is realized mainly by the following technical scheme:
the welding seam detection method of the pipe ring part based on the source outside vertical transillumination single-wall single shadow comprises the following steps:
step S1, according to a ray detection standard GJB1187A, determining the transillumination times N and the one-time effective transillumination length L of corresponding pipe ring parts;
S2, placing a pipe ring part in an effective transillumination area, placing the pipe ring part on two arc-shaped seats with equal radian, and then fixing the pipe ring part by using an indexing disc, wherein two indexing circle parallel shafts parallel to the pipe ring part are arranged on the periphery of the indexing disc, and the area between two adjacent indexing circle parallel shafts is an area observed by single exposure;
And S3, then, utilizing a film detection system tool to correspond to the corresponding transillumination length L, inserting the film detection system tool into the pipe ring part in parallel, arranging lead at the position, corresponding to the welding seam, of the film detection system tool in the pipe ring part, and realizing the radial detection of 360-degree film type source outside single-wall transillumination on the pipe ring part by rotating the film detection system tool and rotating the upper turntable of the indexing disc.
In order to better realize the invention, in step S1, further, according to standard requirements and grade requirements such as GJB1187A for detecting the related rays of the weld joint of the small-diameter tube, and according to the size of the inner circle, the outer circle, the wall thickness, the effective transillumination area and the focal length, the ratio D/F of the corresponding outer circle size D to the focal length F and the ratio T/D of the wall thickness T to the outer circle size D are determined, so as to obtain the transillumination times N and the one-time effective transillumination length L of the corresponding tube ring part.
In order to better realize the invention, further, the drilling holes of the indexing disk are divided according to the number N of transillumination times of the pipe ring part, and the outer diameter of the pipe ring part is equal to the inner diameter of the indexing disk.
In order to better realize the invention, the invention is further applied to small-diameter pipe girth joint type parts, and the external diameter of the small-diameter pipe girth joint is less than or equal to 100mm.
In order to better realize the invention, the small-diameter pipe girth weld part is further provided with two welds with an outer diameter of 500mm, an outer circle diameter of 95mm, an inner circle diameter of 85mm, a wall thickness of 10mm and a focal length of 1200mm.
In order to better realize the invention, further comprising the following steps:
Step T1, according to a radiation detection standard GJB1187A, firstly, calculating that an effective transillumination area is 600mm, the ratio D/F of the outer circle dimension D to the actual focal length F is 0.086, the ratio T/D of the wall thickness T to the outer circle dimension D is 0.105, arranging the transillumination area required by the small-pipe annular welding seam part in the effective area of 600mm, checking that the number of times of transillumination obtained by the standard is 7, and calculating to obtain the effective transillumination length L of 43mm once;
step T2, manufacturing an indexing disc with the outer diameter of 95+0.5mm, drilling the indexing disc, dividing the indexing disc into equal parts, manufacturing a special indexing parallel shaft on the indexing disc, and ensuring that the small-diameter pipe girth weld parts do not slide in the whole flaw detection process;
step T3, putting corresponding shafts on the middle of adjacent arc-shaped seats to fix the adjacent arc-shaped seats, and placing the small-pipe-diameter pipe girth welding line type parts on the two arc-shaped seats with phi 100 arcs;
and T4, manufacturing a film detection system tool with the diameter of 80mm, arranging lead sheets at positions corresponding to welding seams, and realizing the radiographic detection of the 0-degree film type source of the circumferential welding seams of the small-diameter pipe circumferential welding seam type parts on the outer single wall by rotating the indexing disc and replacing the films on the film detection system tool.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The invention has the advantages of accurate and reliable positioning, simple structure and convenient installation and disassembly, is generally used for the radiographic inspection of the external single-wall transillumination of various rubber sheet sources with different sizes, lengths and different rubber sheets, does not need to consider other tools, has strong universality, can rapidly and correctly position and fix the rubber sheets, lightens the labor intensity of manpower and reduces the requirements on the technical level of workers, and solves the problems that the radiographic inspection of the rubber sheet sources in the external single-wall transillumination needs manual scribing, and the manual sheet plugging and plugging are inaccurate, the transillumination is unclear, the sensitivity is low and the like. The invention solves the problems of long detection time, large workload, low efficiency, extremely poor stability and the like of the existing detection of the workpiece.
(2) The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation and disassembly and strong universality. The invention adopts the structure that the two arc-shaped seats which are fixedly connected on the bottom plate and distributed along the length direction are connected together by the two fixed shafts, so that the sliding of parts is prevented. Then placing the part on a base, placing an index disc on the part, taking the area corresponding to two parallel axes of the index circles as the area to be observed by single exposure, then using a film detection system tool (similar to the film detection system tool can be manufactured according to one welding line or multiple welding lines), placing lead skin (preventing scattered rays) on the area to be exposed, and realizing the radiation detection of 360-degree film type source outside single-wall transillumination of the small-diameter part by rotating the part, the film detection system tool and an upper turntable of the index disc.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a detection tool of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the detection state of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a part;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the indexing disc, film and film detection system tooling.
Wherein, the device comprises a 1-arc seat, a 2-fixed shaft, a 3-small-diameter pipe circumferential weld part, a 4-dividing disc, a 5-dividing circle parallel shaft, a 6-film detection system fixture, a 7-lead skin, an 8-film and a 9-weld.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a weld joint detection method of a pipe ring part based on source outside vertical transillumination single-wall single shadow is shown in fig. 1-4, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, according to standard requirements and grade requirements of the small-diameter pipe weld joint related ray detection GJB1187A and the like, according to the inner and outer circle sizes, the wall thickness, the effective transillumination area, the focal length and the like, the ratio D/F of the corresponding outer circle size D to the focal length F and the ratio T/D of the wall thickness T to the outer circle size D are determined, the transillumination times N and the one-time effective transillumination length L of the corresponding small-diameter pipe annular weld joint part 3 are obtained, and the transillumination times N and the one-time effective transillumination length L correspond to the hole pitch of the indexing disc 4. The calculation method is the prior art, so the description is omitted.
(2) Then, placing the small-diameter pipe girth joint part 3 in an effective transillumination area, placing the small-diameter pipe girth joint part 3 on an arc-shaped seat 1 with equal radian, fixing the small-diameter pipe girth joint part 3 by using an indexing disc 4, installing a locating pin and scribing in equal parts. And then, the film detection system tool 6 is utilized to correspond to the corresponding transillumination length, and the 360-degree film type source outside single-wall transillumination of the small-pipe-diameter girth joint type part 3 is detected by rotating the film detection system tool 6 and rotating the upper turntable of the indexing disc 4.
Specifically, aiming at two welding seams 9 with the length of 500mm of a small-diameter pipe girth joint part 3, the outer circle size of 95mm, the inner circle size of 85mm, the wall thickness of 10mm and the focal length of 1200mm, the existence of the two welding seams 9 needs to carry out 100% detection on the welding seams 9, and the radiation detection of source outside single-wall transillumination is adopted. The method comprises the following specific steps:
According to a related radiation detection standard GJB1187A, firstly, an effective transillumination area is calculated to be 600mm, a transillumination area required by a small-pipe-diameter circular weld part 3 is required to be placed in the effective area of 600mm, the ratio (D/F) of the outer circle dimension D to the actual focal length F (1200-85) is about 0.086, the ratio T/D of the wall thickness T to the outer circle dimension D is about 0.105, the transillumination times obtained by a checking standard are 7 times, and the effective transillumination length L is calculated to be about 43mm.
And then, manufacturing an indexing disc 4 with the outer diameter of 95+0.5mm, drilling the indexing disc 4, dividing the indexing disc into 7 equal parts, manufacturing a special indexing disc parallel shaft 5 on the indexing disc 4, and ensuring that the small-diameter pipe girth weld parts 3 do not slide in the whole flaw detection process.
Then, the middle of the adjacent arc-shaped seats 1 is threaded with corresponding shafts to fix the adjacent arc-shaped seats, and the small-diameter pipe girth weld parts 3 are placed on the two arc-shaped seats 1 with phi 100 circular arcs. And (3) manufacturing a film detection system tool 6 with the diameter of 80mm, arranging a lead sheet 7 (the lead sheet 7 absorbs scattered rays) at the corresponding position of the welding seam 9, and realizing the radiation detection of a 360-degree film type source of the girth weld 9 of the small-diameter pipe girth weld part 3 on an external single-wall transilluminator by rotating the indexing disc 4 and replacing a film 8 on the film detection system tool 6.
The detection tool comprises a transmission mechanism, a base, a dividing disc 4, dividing circle parallel shafts 5 and a film detection system tool 6, wherein the top of the base is provided with an arc-shaped receiving groove corresponding to a small-diameter pipe annular welding seam part 3, the transmission mechanism is used for rotating the small-diameter pipe annular welding seam part 3, the dividing disc 4 is sleeved outside the end part of the small-diameter pipe annular welding seam part 3, one side of the dividing disc 4 is rotatably provided with a rotary disc, two dividing circle parallel shafts 5 parallel to the small-diameter pipe annular welding seam part 3 are arranged on the periphery of the rotary disc, the area between every two adjacent dividing circle parallel shafts 5 is an area observed by single exposure, the film detection system tool 6 is inserted into the small-diameter pipe annular welding seam part 3 in parallel, a lead sheet 7 is arranged at the position of the film detection system tool 6 corresponding to a welding seam 9 inside the small-diameter pipe annular welding seam part 3, and one end of the film detection system tool 6 is provided with a rotating mechanism.
Preferably, the indexing disc 4 comprises a ring-shaped base body and a rotary disc, the ring-shaped base body is sleeved on the outer side of the small-pipe-diameter pipe ring-welding line part 3, one side of the ring-shaped base body is rotatably provided with the rotary disc, and one side of the rotary disc is provided with a plug hole along the peripheral side corresponding to the indexing disc parallel shaft 5.
Preferably, the base comprises two parallel arc-shaped bases 1, adjacent arc-shaped bases 1 are fixedly connected through a fixed shaft 2, and an arc-shaped receiving groove is formed in the top of each arc-shaped base 1.
Two arc-shaped seats 1 distributed along the length direction are connected together by two fixed shafts 2, so that the small-diameter pipe girth weld parts 3 are prevented from sliding. Then placing the small-diameter pipe girth joint part 3 on an arc-shaped fixedly connected base, then placing the calculated index disc 4 on the small-diameter pipe girth joint part 3, using the area corresponding to the two index circular parallel shafts 5 as the area to be observed through single exposure, then using a film detection system tool 6 to place lead sheets 7 (preventing scattered rays) in the area to be exposed, and placing films 8 in the exposed area, and realizing the radiation detection of 360-degree film type sources of the small-diameter pipe girth joint part 3 on the outside single wall transilluminators by rotating the index disc 4 and replacing the film detection system tool 6.
Aiming at the problems of long film distribution time, large workload, poor stability, low efficiency and the like in the film type radiographic inspection technology of the small-diameter pipe circumferential weld type parts, the invention provides a radiographic inspection tool which is simple in structure, convenient to install and detach, high in universality, accurate and reliable in inspection, and free from operation influence, and can solve the problems that when aviation parts are produced in a large scale, the film type radiographic inspection is used for inspecting one or more welding seams 9 of the small-diameter pipe, the following problems are caused by double-wall double-shadow, such as large geometric unclear, large change of the thickness of the transillumination, edge erosion effect caused by the large thickness of the transillumination, low sensitivity, low working efficiency caused by manual film plugging 8 of small-diameter single wall Shan Ying, inaccurate positioning and the like.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent variation, etc. of the above embodiment according to the technical matter of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The welding seam detection method of the pipe ring part based on the source outside vertical transillumination single-wall single shadow is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, according to a ray detection standard GJB1187A, determining the transillumination times N and the one-time effective transillumination length L of corresponding pipe ring parts;
S2, placing a pipe ring part in an effective transillumination area, placing the pipe ring part on two arc-shaped seats (1) with equal radian, and then fixing the pipe ring part by using an indexing disc (4), wherein two indexing circle parallel shafts (5) parallel to the pipe ring part are arranged on the periphery of the indexing disc (4), and the area between two adjacent indexing circle parallel shafts (5) is an area observed by single exposure;
and S3, then, a film detection system tool (6) is utilized to correspond to the corresponding transillumination length L, the film detection system tool (6) is inserted into the pipe ring part in parallel, a lead (7) is arranged at the position, corresponding to the welding seam (9), of the film detection system tool (6) in the pipe ring part, and the pipe ring part is subjected to radiation detection of 360-degree film type source outside single-wall transillumination through rotating the film detection system tool (6) and rotating an upper rotating disc of the indexing disc (4).
2. The method for detecting the welding seam of the pipe ring part based on the source outside vertical transillumination single-wall single-shadow according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, according to standard requirements and grade requirements such as GJB1187A and the like of the related radiation detection of the small-diameter pipe welding seam (9), the corresponding ratio D/F of the outer circle dimension D to the focal length F and the corresponding ratio T/D of the wall thickness T to the outer circle dimension D are determined according to the inner circle dimension, the wall thickness, the effective transillumination area and the focal length, so as to obtain the transillumination times N and the one-time effective transillumination length L of the corresponding pipe ring part.
3. The welding seam detection method for the pipe ring part based on the source outside vertical transillumination single-wall single-shadow is characterized in that drilling holes of the indexing disc (4) are divided according to the transillumination times N of the pipe ring part, and the outer diameter of the pipe ring part is equal to the inner diameter of the indexing disc (4).
4. The welding seam detection method of the pipe ring part based on the source outside vertical transillumination single-wall single shadow according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by being applied to the small-pipe-diameter pipe ring welding seam type part (3), wherein the outer diameter of the small-pipe-diameter pipe ring welding seam (9) is less than or equal to 100mm.
5. The welding seam detection method of the pipe ring part based on the source outside vertical transillumination single wall single shadow according to claim 4, wherein the small pipe ring welding seam type part (3) has two welding seams (9) with an outer diameter of 500mm, an outer circle diameter of 95mm, an inner circle diameter of 85mm, a wall thickness of 10mm and a focal length of 1200mm.
6. The method for detecting a weld of a pipe ring part based on source-outside vertical transillumination single-wall single-shadow according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:
Step T1, according to a radiation detection standard GJB1187A, firstly calculating that an effective transillumination area is 600mm, the ratio D/F of the outer circle dimension D to the actual focal length F is 0.086, the ratio T/D of the wall thickness T to the outer circle dimension D is 0.105, arranging the transillumination area required by the small-pipe annular welding seam part (3) in the effective area of 600mm, checking the standard to obtain the transillumination frequency of 7 times, and calculating to obtain the effective transillumination length L of 43mm for one time;
Step T2, then, manufacturing an indexing disc (4) with the outer diameter of 95+0.5mm, drilling the indexing disc (4) and dividing the indexing disc into equal parts, and manufacturing a special indexing circle parallel shaft (5) on the indexing disc (4) to ensure that the small-pipe-diameter pipe girth weld parts (3) do not slide in the whole flaw detection process;
Step T3, putting corresponding shafts on the middle of adjacent arc-shaped seats (1) to fix the adjacent arc-shaped seats, and placing the small-pipe-diameter pipe girth welding seam type parts (3) on the two arc-shaped seats (1) with phi 100 circular arcs;
And T4, manufacturing a film detection system tool (6) with the diameter of 80mm, arranging a lead skin (7) at a position corresponding to the welding seam (9), and realizing the radial detection of the 360-degree film type source outside single-wall transilluminating of the circumferential welding seam (9) of the small-diameter pipe circumferential welding seam type part (3) through rotating the indexing disc (4) and replacing the film (8) on the film detection system tool (6).
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