CN119563936A - Conductive ceramic heating element and preparation method thereof and electronic cigarette - Google Patents
Conductive ceramic heating element and preparation method thereof and electronic cigarette Download PDFInfo
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- CN119563936A CN119563936A CN202311154490.6A CN202311154490A CN119563936A CN 119563936 A CN119563936 A CN 119563936A CN 202311154490 A CN202311154490 A CN 202311154490A CN 119563936 A CN119563936 A CN 119563936A
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- heating element
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
- A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
- A24F40/70—Manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
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Abstract
本申请提供了一种导电陶瓷发热体，所述导电陶瓷发热体具有相对设置的第一端和第二端，沿所述第一端至所述第二端的方向上，所述导电陶瓷发热体的电导率逐渐增加。该导电陶瓷发热体使用时可以形成渐变的发热区，保证热量利用率，缓解热膨胀和热应力不匹配带来的影响，进而提高导电陶瓷发热体的使用性能。本申请还提供了导电陶瓷发热体的制备方法和电子烟。
The present application provides a conductive ceramic heating element, which has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other, and the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element gradually increases in the direction from the first end to the second end. The conductive ceramic heating element can form a gradual heating zone when used, ensure heat utilization, alleviate the impact of thermal expansion and thermal stress mismatch, and thus improve the performance of the conductive ceramic heating element. The present application also provides a method for preparing a conductive ceramic heating element and an electronic cigarette.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electronic cigarettes, in particular to a conductive ceramic heating body, a preparation method thereof and an electronic cigarette.
Background
The heating non-burning electronic cigarette is an electronic cigarette which utilizes a heating body to heat tobacco leaves to emit smoke. In the related art, the heating element can be conductive ceramic, but the conductive ceramic generates heat and then easily generates thermal expansion to influence the structural stability of the conductive ceramic, and meanwhile, the thermal stress between the conductive ceramic generating heat and other structural members is not matched to influence the connection between the conductive ceramic and other structural members, so that the use of the electronic cigarette can be influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the application provides a conductive ceramic heating element, a preparation method thereof and an electronic cigarette, wherein the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element is gradually changed, and a gradual heating area can be formed when the conductive ceramic heating element is used, so that the heat utilization rate is ensured, and meanwhile, the influence caused by thermal expansion and thermal stress mismatch can be relieved, thereby improving the service performance of the conductive ceramic heating element.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a conductive ceramic heater having oppositely disposed first and second ends, the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heater increasing progressively in a direction from the first end to the second end.
Optionally, the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heater gradually increases from 10S/cm to 90S/cm to 0.5×10 4S/cm-9×104 S/cm along the direction from the first end to the second end.
Optionally, the material of the conductive ceramic heating element comprises an insulating ceramic material, a conductive ceramic material and a conductive non-ceramic material, and the conductive non-ceramic material comprises an acid-proof material.
Further, the mass content of the insulating ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heating body is 65% -95%.
Further, the mass content of the conductive ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heating body is 4.5% -34.5%.
Further, the mass content of the conductive non-ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heating body is 0.5% -5%.
Further, the mass content of the conductive non-ceramic material gradually increases along the direction from the first end to the second end.
Further, the mass content of the acid-proof material gradually increases along the direction from the first end to the second end.
Further, the conductive non-ceramic material also comprises acid-resistant material, and the mass ratio of the non-acid-resistant material to the acid-resistant material in the conductive ceramic heating body is 1 (0.05-9).
Still further, the mass content of the non-acid-resistant material in the conductive non-ceramic material gradually increases from 0% -10% to 10% -100% along the direction from the first end to the second end, and the mass content of the acid-resistant material gradually decreases from 90% -100% to 0% -90%.
Furthermore, the material of the conductive ceramic heating element further comprises a sintering aid, and the mass content of the sintering aid in the conductive ceramic heating element is 0.5% -3%.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a conductive ceramic heating element, comprising:
Mixing an insulating ceramic material, a conductive ceramic material and a conductive non-ceramic material with a solvent, and forming to obtain a blank, wherein the conductive non-ceramic material comprises an acid-intolerant material;
sintering the blank to obtain a preform;
And etching the preform by adopting acid liquor to obtain a conductive ceramic heating body, wherein the conductive ceramic heating body is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged, and the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating body is gradually increased along the direction from the first end to the second end.
Optionally, the step of etching the preform by using an acid solution comprises the step of placing the preform in the acid solution to perform the etching, and moving the preform in the etching until the preform leaves the acid solution, wherein the moving speed is 0.05mm/min-1mm/min.
In a third aspect, the application provides an electronic cigarette, which comprises the conductive ceramic heating element in the first aspect or the conductive ceramic heating element manufactured by the manufacturing method in the second aspect.
The conductive ceramic heating element provided by the application has the advantages that when the conductive ceramic heating element is electrified to generate heat, the heat generation is less in the area with higher conductivity and more in the area with lower conductivity, so that the conductive ceramic heating element can form temperature gradual change from the first end to the second end, the full utilization of heat generated by the conductive ceramic heating element is improved, the gradual temperature can relieve the thermal expansion condition, the thermal stress difference between the conductive ceramic heating element and other structures can be reduced, the connection between the conductive ceramic heating element and other structures is facilitated, the service performance of the conductive ceramic heating element is improved, the preparation method of the conductive ceramic heating element is simple, the operation is convenient, the use of the conductive ceramic heating element is facilitated, the heat utilization rate of the electronic cigarette with the conductive ceramic heating element is high, the structural reliability is strong, and the use of the electronic cigarette is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conductive ceramic heater according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a conductive ceramic heating element according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a conductive ceramic heating element according to an embodiment of the application is shown, wherein the conductive ceramic heating element 100 has a first end 101 and a second end 102 disposed opposite to each other, and the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element 100 gradually increases along the direction from the first end 101 to the second end 102. That is, the first end of the conductive ceramic heating element has relatively smaller conductivity, relatively larger resistance, relatively more heat generation after being electrified, relatively higher temperature, relatively larger conductivity of the second end, relatively smaller resistance, relatively less heat generation after being electrified and relatively lower temperature, so that the conductive ceramic heating element after being electrified forms a change trend of gradually decreasing temperature in the direction from the first end to the second end. In the related art, when the conductive ceramic heating element is used for an electronic cigarette, as heated objects such as tobacco leaves and the like do not completely cover the conductive ceramic heating element, heat generated by the uncoated conductive ceramic heating element is lost, the heat utilization rate is low, meanwhile, the conductive ceramic heating element generates heat and expands to influence the structural stability, and the connection of the conductive ceramic heating element and other structures can be influenced due to the fact that the thermal stress is not matched. The conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element is graded, the temperature is graded after the conductive ceramic heating element is electrified, so that heat generated by the conductive ceramic heating element can be efficiently utilized, heat loss is avoided, the heat utilization rate is improved, meanwhile, a buffer area is provided for thermal expansion of the conductive ceramic heating element after heating in a lower temperature area, adverse effects of thermal expansion of the conductive ceramic heating element can be effectively restrained, the structural stability of the conductive ceramic heating element is improved, meanwhile, the thermal stress matching performance between the conductive ceramic heating element and other structures in different temperature areas is improved, the influence caused by thermal stress mismatch can be effectively restrained, and the service performance and service life of the conductive ceramic heating element are improved.
In the application, when the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element is detected, any position on the conductive ceramic heating element is taken as an origin, one electrode is connected with the origin, the other electrode is connected with any position in the direction from the first end to the second end, and the conductivity at any position in the direction from the first end to the second end is detected, so that the conductivity distribution condition in the direction from the first end to the second end is obtained. In the application, the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element gradually increases along the direction from the first end to the second end, wherein the gradual increase can be linear increase or nonlinear increase, and the nonlinear increase can be parabolic increase, quasi-parabolic increase, gradient increase, and the like. In one embodiment of the present application, the gradual increase may be a first constant and then a nonlinear increase. In another embodiment of the present application, the gradual increase may be a linear increase. In yet another embodiment of the present application, the gradual increase may be a first hold and then a gradient increase. The shape of the conductive ceramic heating element is not limited, and can be set according to application requirements. Specifically, the conductive ceramic heat generating body may be a regular shape such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a square, a cylinder, a cone, or the like, or may be an irregular shape such as the conductive ceramic heat generating body shown in fig. 1 having a tip portion. In one embodiment of the application, the length of the conductive ceramic heating element is 10cm-15cm, the width is 0.5cm-2cm, the thickness is 0.05cm-1cm, and the conductive ceramic heating element has regular shape, thereby being beneficial to the arrangement of the conductive ceramic heating element in the electronic cigarette, being beneficial to the coating of a heated object and improving the heating efficiency. Specifically, the length of the conductive ceramic heat generating body may be, but not limited to, 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm, 15cm, etc., the width may be, but not limited to, 0.5cm, 1cm, 1.5cm, 2cm, etc., and the thickness may be, but not limited to, 0.05cm, 0.08cm, 0.1cm, 0.3cm, 0.5cm, 0.8cm, 1cm, etc. For example, when the conductive ceramic heating element is a rectangular parallelepiped, the two ends in the longitudinal direction thereof may be the first end and the second end, or the two ends in the width direction thereof may be the first end or the second end, or the two ends in the thickness direction thereof may be the first end or the second end. In one embodiment of the present application, the conductive ceramic heating element has a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other in the extending direction thereof. The extending direction of the conductive ceramic heating element is the extending direction of the maximum side length of all surfaces of the conductive ceramic heating element. In an embodiment of the present application, the direction from the first end to the second end may be the length direction of the conductive ceramic heating element, that is, the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element gradually increases along the length direction of the conductive ceramic heating element.
In one embodiment of the application, the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heater increases gradually from 10S/cm to 90S/cm to 0.5X10 4S/cm-9×104 S/cm in the direction from the first end to the second end. The conductive ceramic heating element has the advantages that the conductive ceramic heating element has the minimum conductivity of 10S/cm-90S/cm and the maximum conductivity of 0.5X10 4S/cm-9×104 S/cm, the conductive ceramic heating element has proper conductivity span, the temperature span of the conductive ceramic heating element after heating is improved, a heated object can be sufficiently heated in a region with higher temperature, and the structural stability of the conductive ceramic heating element can be improved in a region with lower temperature, so that the service performance and the service life of the conductive ceramic heating element are further improved. Specifically, the minimum conductivity of the conductive ceramic heat-generating body may be, but not limited to, 10S/cm to 30S/cm, 20S/cm to 50S/cm, 30S/cm to 60S/cm, 40S/cm to 80S/cm, or 60S/cm to 90S/cm, etc., and the maximum conductivity of the conductive ceramic heat-generating body may be, but not limited to, 0.5×104S/cm-2×104S/cm、1×104S/cm-3×104S/cm、2×104S/cm-5×104S/cm、4×104S/cm-7×104S/cm or 6X 10 4S/cm-9×104 S/cm, etc. In one embodiment of the application, the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heater may be gradually increased from 60S/cm-90S/cm to 6X 10 4S/cm-9×104 S/cm in the direction from the first end to the second end. In one embodiment of the application, the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heater may be gradually increased from 40S/cm-90S/cm to 6X 10 4S/cm-9×104 S/cm in the direction from the first end to the second end.
In one embodiment of the present application, the conductive ceramic heater comprises an insulating ceramic material, a conductive ceramic material and a conductive non-ceramic material, wherein the conductive non-ceramic material comprises an acid-proof material. The insulating ceramic material ensures the heating performance of the conductive ceramic heating element, the conductive ceramic material ensures the conductive performance of the conductive ceramic heating element, and the conductive non-ceramic material ensures the gradual change distribution of the conductive performance and the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element. In the application, the insulating ceramic material is a non-conductive ceramic material with the resistivity of more than 10 7 omega cm, the conductive ceramic material is a ceramic material with the conductivity of less than or equal to 10 7 omega cm, and the non-acid-resistant material is a substance with the conductivity and capable of reacting with acid, wherein the resistivity in the application refers to the resistivity value under the condition of 25 ℃. In one embodiment of the application, the resistivity of the conductive ceramic material may be less than or equal to 10 3 Ω cm. In another embodiment of the present application, the resistivity of the conductive ceramic material may be less than or equal to 10 2 Ω -cm.
In one embodiment of the application, the mass content of the insulating ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heating element is 65% -95%, which is beneficial to improving the temperature of the conductive ceramic heating element after being electrified, being beneficial to heating the heated object and improving the heating efficiency of the conductive ceramic heating element. That is, the insulating ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heat generating body is the main component. Specifically, the mass content of the insulating ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heat-generating body may be, but not limited to, 65%, 68%, 70%, 75%, 77%, 80%, 84%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or the like. In one embodiment of the present application, the mass content of the insulating ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heater may be 65% -90%. In another embodiment of the present application, the mass content of the insulating ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heat-generating body may be 65% -80%. In one embodiment of the present application, the insulating ceramic material comprises at least one of zirconia and alumina. The insulating ceramic material is favorable for improving the mechanical property of the conductive ceramic heating element and further prolonging the service life of the conductive ceramic heating element.
In one embodiment of the application, the mass content of the conductive ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heating element is 4.5-34.5%, which is beneficial to improving the conductivity and the electrical conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element. Specifically, the mass content of the conductive ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heat generating body may be, but not limited to, 4.5%, 5%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 16%, 20%, 25%, 28%, 30%, 34%, or the like. In one embodiment of the present application, the mass content of the conductive ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heater may be 10% -33%. In another embodiment of the present application, the mass content of the conductive ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heater may be 20% -30%. In one embodiment of the application, the conductive ceramic material comprises at least one of silicon carbide and molybdenum disilicide. The conductive ceramic material is beneficial to improving the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element and improving the mechanical property of the conductive ceramic heating element, and is beneficial to the use of the conductive ceramic heating element. It will be appreciated that the insulating ceramic material and the conductive ceramic material of the present application are acid resistant and do not react with acid.
In one embodiment of the application, the mass content of the conductive non-ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heating element is 0.5-5%, which is beneficial to the regulation and control of the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element. Specifically, the mass content of the conductive non-ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heating element may be, but not limited to, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.7%, 4%, 4.2%, 4.5%, 5% or the like. In one embodiment of the present application, the conductive ceramic heater may have a conductive non-ceramic material content of 0.5% -3% by mass. In one embodiment of the present application, the conductive ceramic heater may have a mass content of the conductive non-ceramic material of 3% -5%. The conductive non-ceramic material comprises acid-resistant materials, namely conductive substances which can react with acid, and particularly can be metal substances or nonmetal substances. In one embodiment of the application, the acid-resistant material comprises at least one of aluminum, zinc, iron, tin, lead, nickel, chromium, titanium, cobalt, and manganese.
In one embodiment of the application, the conductive non-ceramic material further comprises an acid resistant material. The acid-resistant material is a conductive material which does not react with acid, and can be a metal material or a nonmetal material. The conductive ceramic heating body is provided with acid-resistant material, so that the strength of the conductive ceramic heating body can be further improved, and the conductive ceramic heating body is beneficial to use. In one embodiment of the present application, the acid resistant material comprises at least one of copper, silver, platinum, gold, tungsten, and molybdenum. In one embodiment of the application, the mass ratio of the non-acid-resistant material to the acid-resistant material in the conductive ceramic heating element is 1 (0.05-9), so that the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element can be regulated and controlled, the strength of the conductive ceramic heating element can be ensured, and the performance of the conductive ceramic heating element can be improved. Specifically, the mass ratio of the acid-intolerant material and the acid-tolerant material in the conductive ceramic heating element can be, but is not limited to, 1:0.05, 1:0.08, 1:0.1, 1:0.15, 1:0.2, 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 1:6, 1:8, or 1:9, etc.
In one embodiment of the present application, the mass content of the conductive non-ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heater gradually increases along the direction from the first end to the second end. The change of the mass content of the conductive non-ceramic material in the conductive ceramic heating element can regulate and control the change of the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element, the conductivity of the region with relatively low mass content of the conductive non-ceramic material is relatively low, and the conductivity of the region with relatively high mass content of the conductive non-ceramic material is relatively high. In one embodiment of the application, the mass content of the acid-proof material in the conductive ceramic heating element gradually increases along the direction from the first end to the second end. The change of the mass content of the non-acid-resistant material is beneficial to the regulation and control of the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element and the use of the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element.
In one embodiment of the application, when the conductive non-ceramic material comprises acid-resistant material, the quality of the acid-resistant material in the conductive ceramic heater does not change significantly along the direction from the first end to the second end. That is, the mass difference of the acid-resistant materials in the conductive ceramic heating element is not more than 0.1% along the direction from the first end to the second end, which is beneficial to ensuring the mechanical property of the conductive ceramic heating element. That is, the difference in mass of the acid-resistant material in the first region of the conductive ceramic heat-generating body and the second region of the conductive ceramic heat-generating body in the direction from the first end to the second end is not more than 0.1%.
In one embodiment of the application, when the conductive non-ceramic material comprises acid-resistant material, the mass content of the non-acid-resistant material in the conductive non-ceramic material gradually increases from 0% -10% to 10% -100% along the direction from the first end to the second end, the mass content of the acid-resistant material gradually decreases from 90% -100% to 0% -90%, the change of the mass content of the non-acid-resistant material can regulate and control the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element, and the acid-resistant material ensures the mechanical property of the conductive ceramic heating element. Specifically, the mass content of the acid-proof material in the conductive non-ceramic material can be gradually increased from 0% -3%, 3% -5%, 1% -5% or 5% -9% to 20% -45%, 35% -50%, 40% -70% or 60% -100% along the direction from the first end to the second end, and the mass content of the acid-proof material in the conductive non-ceramic material can be gradually decreased from 97% -100%, 95% -97%, 95% -99% or 91% -95% to 55% -80%, 50% -65%, 30% -60% or 3% -40% along the direction from the first end to the second end. In an embodiment of the present application, when the conductive non-ceramic material includes acid-resistant material, the mass content of the non-acid-resistant material in the conductive non-ceramic material gradually increases from 0% to 10% to 20% to 97% and the mass content of the acid-resistant material gradually decreases from 90% to 100% to 3% to 80% along the direction from the first end to the second end. In an embodiment of the present application, when the conductive non-ceramic material includes acid-resistant material, the mass content of the acid-resistant material in the conductive non-ceramic material gradually increases from 0% to 10% to 50% to 95% and the mass content of the acid-resistant material gradually decreases from 90% to 100% to 5% to 50% along the direction from the first end to the second end.
In one embodiment of the present application, the material of the conductive ceramic heating element further comprises a sintering aid. The sintering aid in the conductive ceramic heating element is beneficial to improving the performance of the conductive ceramic heating element and is beneficial to the use of the conductive ceramic heating element. In one embodiment of the application, the mass content of the sintering aid in the conductive ceramic heating element is 0.5% -3%. Specifically, the mass content of the sintering aid in the conductive ceramic heat generating body may be, but not limited to, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, or the like. In one embodiment, the mass content of the sintering aid in the conductive ceramic heating element is 0.5% -2%. In another embodiment, the mass content of the sintering aid in the conductive ceramic heater is 0.8% -1.5%. In one embodiment of the application, the sintering aid comprises at least one of silicon nitride and silicon oxide.
In one embodiment of the application, the conductive ceramic heater comprises 65-95% by mass of insulating ceramic material, 4.5-34.5% by mass of conductive ceramic material and 0.5-5% by mass of conductive non-ceramic material. In another embodiment of the application, the conductive ceramic heater comprises 65-94.5% of insulating ceramic material, 4.5-34.5% of conductive ceramic material, 0.5-5% of conductive non-ceramic material and 0.5-3% of sintering aid.
The application provides a preparation method of a conductive ceramic heating element, which can prepare the conductive ceramic heating element in any embodiment. Referring to fig. 2, a flowchart of a method for preparing a conductive ceramic heating element according to an embodiment of the application includes:
S201, mixing an insulating ceramic material, a conductive ceramic material and a conductive non-ceramic material with a solvent, and then forming to obtain a green body, wherein the conductive non-ceramic material comprises an acid-proof material.
And S202, sintering the blank body to obtain a prefabricated body.
And S203, etching the preform by adopting acid liquor to obtain a conductive ceramic heating body, wherein the conductive ceramic heating body is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged, and the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating body is gradually increased along the direction from the first end to the second end.
In the application, the raw materials for preparing the conductive ceramic heating element are mixed, molded and sintered, and then the conductive ceramic heating element with gradual conductivity change can be obtained through etching.
In S201, a green body may be prepared by dry press molding or cast molding. In one embodiment of the application, the insulating ceramic material, the conductive ceramic material and the conductive non-ceramic material are mixed with a solvent, granulated and then subjected to dry pressing to obtain a green body. The solvent may be a binder at this time. In one embodiment of the application, the pressure of dry press molding can be 40MPa-100MPa, which is beneficial to improving the compactness of the blank and the conductive ceramic heating element and improving the performance of the conductive ceramic heating element. Specifically, the pressure of the dry press molding may be, but not limited to, 40MPa, 50MPa, 75MPa, 80MPa, 90MPa, 100MPa, or the like. In another embodiment of the application, the insulating ceramic material, the conductive ceramic material and the conductive non-ceramic material are mixed with a solvent to form slurry, and a blank is obtained after tape casting. In this case, the solvent may be capable of dispersing the materials of the respective raw materials. The specific material of the solvent in the present application may be selected by a molding process, and is not limited thereto. The application can be carried out in a mould during molding, thereby obtaining the conductive ceramic heating body with the required shape. In an embodiment of the present application, the mass content of the solvent in the mixed material may be 1% -3% (e.g., 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, etc.). In a specific embodiment, the mass content of the solvent in the mixed substance is 1% -3%, the solvent is polyvinyl acetal Ding Quanzhi, and the green body is obtained by dry pressing after mixing.
In one embodiment of the present application, the insulating ceramic material, the conductive non-ceramic material and the solvent may be mixed and molded to obtain a green body, and the conductive non-ceramic material includes an acid-intolerant material and an acid-resistant material. The acid-resistant material and the acid-resistant material can jointly regulate and control the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element, the acid-resistant material can regulate and control the gradual change distribution of the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element, the acid-resistant material can not react with acid liquor, the acid-resistant material can be reserved in a blank, and the strength of the conductive ceramic heating element is further improved. In one embodiment of the present application, the green body may be formed by mixing an insulating ceramic material, a conductive non-ceramic material, a sintering aid, and a solvent. The addition of the sintering auxiliary agent can improve the performance of the conductive ceramic heating element and is beneficial to improving the performance of the conductive ceramic heating element.
In S202, the blank is sintered to remove volatile and easily-decomposed substances such as organic matters and the like, so that the mechanical properties of the prepared conductive ceramic heating body are ensured. In one embodiment of the present application, the sintering temperature may be 1550 ℃ to 1750 ℃, the sintering time may be 0.5h to 2h, and the sintering is performed by filling a reducing gas (such as hydrogen, etc.) in a vacuum environment or an inert atmosphere. The sintering process is beneficial to removing substances such as organic matters in the green body, thereby ensuring the performances of the prefabricated body and the conductive ceramic heating body. Specifically, the sintering temperature may be, but not limited to, 1550 ℃, 1570 ℃, 1600 ℃, 1620 ℃, 1650 ℃, 1675 ℃, 1700 ℃, 1730 ℃, 1750 ℃, or the like, and the sintering time may be, but not limited to, 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h, 2h, or the like. In one embodiment, sintering may be performed in a vacuum furnace.
In S203, the acid-proof material in the conductive non-ceramic material reacts with acid by placing the preform in acid liquor, and the conductive ceramic heating element with gradient conductivity distribution is realized by controlling the reaction of the acid-proof material in the preform with acid, and the acid-proof material reacting with acid is etched away, so that a buffer space is provided for thermal expansion of the conductive ceramic heating element when in use, and the structural stability of the conductive ceramic heating element is improved.
In one embodiment of the application, the concentration of the acid solution is 0.01 to 0.1 mole/L. The acid solution is dilute acid, can react with the acid-intolerant material, can not influence the performance of other components, has relatively low acid concentration, and can avoid non-gradual etching caused by residual acid solution in the preform due to capillary phenomenon when the concentration is high. Specifically, the concentration of the acid solution may be, but is not limited to, 0.01mo/L, 0.03mo/L, 0.05mo/L, 0.07mo/L, or 0.1mo/L. In one embodiment of the application, the acid concentration may be 0.01mo/L to 0.05mo/L. In another embodiment of the present application, the concentration of the acid solution may be 0.05 mol/L to 0.1 mol/L. The acid liquid in the application can be inorganic acid or organic acid, and can react with non-acid-resistant materials. In particular, the acid solution may be, but is not limited to, at least one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid. In one embodiment of the application, the etching temperature can be less than or equal to 25 ℃, which ensures the etching process, and does not damage or etch other components in the preform, thereby being beneficial to improving the service performance of the prepared conductive ceramic heating element.
In one embodiment of the application, etching the preform with an acid solution includes placing the preform in the acid solution for etching, and moving the preform during etching until the preform leaves the acid solution. By moving the preform in the etching process, part of the region of the preform can be separated from the acid liquor first, further reaction of the non-acid-resistant material and the acid liquor is avoided, part of the region is separated from the acid liquor after the reaction of the non-acid-resistant material and the acid liquor is long, and more non-acid-resistant material is etched, so that the mass content of the non-acid-resistant material in the etched preform has gradual change distribution, and the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element can be gradual change distribution, that is, the gradual change distribution of the conductivity of the conductive ceramic heating element is realized by controlling the etching time of different regions of the preform. It can be understood that the preform has a third end and a fourth end which are disposed opposite to each other, and the preform is lifted up in the direction from the third end to the fourth end during etching, so that the area near the fourth end is separated from the acid solution first, the portion near the third end is separated from the acid solution second, the etched third end is the first end, and the etched fourth end is the second end. In one embodiment of the application, when the conductive non-ceramic material further comprises acid-resistant material, the acid-resistant material does not react with acid in etching, so that the toughness and strength of the conductive ceramic heating element are ensured, and the service life of the conductive ceramic heating element is prolonged.
In the application, the preform can be completely placed in the acid liquor, then the preform is moved in the direction away from the acid liquor until the preform is completely separated from the acid liquor, the preform can be placed in the acid liquor, the fourth end is flush with the surface of the acid liquor, then the preform is moved in the direction away from the acid liquor until the preform is completely separated from the acid liquor, the preform close to the third end can be placed in the acid liquor, the preform close to the fourth end is not placed in the acid liquor, and then the preform is moved in the direction away from the acid liquor until the preform is completely separated from the acid liquor. In the application, the conductivity gradient distribution in different forms can be realized by controlling the moving speed of the preform in etching, for example, the preform can be uniformly moved or non-uniformly moved, the preform can be moved for a certain distance and then is stopped for a certain period of time to continue to move, and the moving mode can be selected according to requirements. In one embodiment of the application, the movement speed of the preform in etching is 0.05mm/min-1mm/min, which is beneficial to the proper conductivity span of the conductive ceramic heating element and the use of the conductive ceramic heating element. In particular, the speed of movement may be, but is not limited to, 0.05mm/min, 0.1mm/min, 0.3mm/min, 0.5mm/min, 0.6mm/min, 0.9mm/min, 1mm/min, etc.
The application provides an electronic cigarette, which comprises the conductive ceramic heating element in any embodiment or the conductive ceramic heating element prepared by the preparation method in any embodiment. The conductive ceramic heating element has good service performance and long service life, and can improve the product competitiveness of the electronic cigarette.
In one embodiment of the present application, a metal layer is provided on one side surface of the conductive ceramic heating element. Specifically, a metal layer can be formed by silk screen printing of metal slurry, the metal layer can cover part of the surface of the conductive ceramic heating body, and the arranged metal layer can be connected with an electrode of a power supply so as to enable the conductive ceramic heating body to generate heat when electrified, thereby realizing a heating function. It can be understood that the electronic cigarette is a heated non-burning electronic cigarette at this time; in the related art, the conductive ceramic heating element is arranged in the heated objects such as tobacco leaves, and the heated objects do not completely wrap the conductive ceramic heating element to cause heat loss, the temperature of different positions of the conductive ceramic heating body is different when the conductive ceramic heating body heats, so that the first end with low conductivity and high temperature when the conductive ceramic heating body heats can be placed in a heated object, and the heated object can completely cover the area close to the first end; so that the temperature at different positions has a difference when the conductive ceramic heating body heats, therefore, the first end with low conductivity and high temperature during heating can be placed in the heated object, and the heated object can completely cover the area close to the first end.
In one embodiment of the application, the electronic cigarette comprises an atomization core, and the atomization core comprises a conductive ceramic heater. Specifically, the conductive ceramic heating element is of a porous structure, which is favorable for atomization. It can be understood that the electronic cigarette is an atomized electronic cigarette at this time.
The effects of the technical scheme of the present application are further described below by means of specific examples.
Example 1
65 Parts by weight of zirconia powder, 30 parts by weight of silicon carbide powder, 2.5 parts by weight of silicon nitride powder, 2.7 parts by weight of nickel powder and 0.3 part by weight of copper powder are dry-mixed to form mixed powder. And adding polyvinyl butyral (PVB) into the mixed powder, and granulating to obtain granulated powder, wherein the mass of PVB accounts for 1% of the mass of the mixed powder. 5g of the granulated powder was placed in a die (length: 12cm, width: 1.2 cm) and maintained at a pressure of 40MPa for 3 minutes to obtain a green body.
And vertically placing the blank in a vacuum furnace along the length direction, and sintering at 1600 ℃ for 30min to obtain a preform, wherein the preform is provided with a third end and a fourth end which are oppositely arranged along the length direction of the preform.
The method comprises the steps of immersing a preform in dilute sulfuric acid solution (the concentration is 0.1 mol/L) completely, carrying out ultrasonic vibration to etch, lifting the preform at a speed of 1mm/min along the length direction of the preform until the preform leaves the dilute sulfuric acid solution completely, wherein a fourth end leaves the dilute sulfuric acid solution firstly and a third end leaves the dilute sulfuric acid solution finally, washing with water and drying in vacuum to obtain a conductive ceramic heating body, wherein the conductive ceramic heating body is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged, the first end is the etched third end, and the second end is the etched fourth end.
Example 2
70 Parts by weight of zirconia powder, 20 parts by weight of silicon carbide powder, 2.5 parts by weight of silicon nitride powder, 2.8 parts by weight of nickel powder and 0.2 part by weight of copper powder are dry-mixed to form mixed powder. And adding PVB into the mixed powder, and granulating to obtain granulated powder, wherein the PVB accounts for 1% of the mass of the mixed powder. 5g of the granulated powder was placed in a die (length: 12cm, width: 1.2 cm) and maintained at a pressure of 40MPa for 3 minutes to obtain a green body.
And vertically placing the blank in a vacuum furnace along the length direction, and sintering at 1600 ℃ for 30min to obtain a preform, wherein the preform is provided with a third end and a fourth end which are oppositely arranged along the length direction of the preform.
The method comprises the steps of immersing a preform in dilute sulfuric acid solution (the concentration is 0.1 mol/L) completely, carrying out ultrasonic vibration to etch, lifting the preform at a speed of 1mm/min along the length direction of the preform until the preform leaves the dilute sulfuric acid solution completely, wherein a fourth end leaves the dilute sulfuric acid solution firstly and a third end leaves the dilute sulfuric acid solution finally, washing with water and drying in vacuum to obtain a conductive ceramic heating body, wherein the conductive ceramic heating body is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged, the first end is the etched third end, and the second end is the etched fourth end.
Example 3
70 Parts by weight of zirconia powder, 25 parts by weight of silicon carbide powder, 4.75 parts by weight of zinc powder and 0.25 part by weight of copper powder are dry-mixed to form mixed powder. And adding PVB into the mixed powder, and granulating to obtain granulated powder, wherein the PVB accounts for 1% of the mass of the mixed powder. 5g of the granulated powder was placed in a die (length: 12cm, width: 1.2 cm) and maintained at a pressure of 40MPa for 3 minutes to obtain a green body.
And vertically placing the blank in a vacuum furnace along the length direction, and sintering at 1600 ℃ for 30min to obtain a preform, wherein the preform is provided with a third end and a fourth end which are oppositely arranged along the length direction of the preform.
The method comprises the steps of immersing a preform in dilute sulfuric acid solution (the concentration is 0.01 mol/L) completely, carrying out ultrasonic vibration to etch, lifting the preform at a speed of 1mm/min along the length direction of the preform until the preform leaves the dilute sulfuric acid solution completely, wherein a fourth end leaves the dilute sulfuric acid solution firstly, a third end leaves the dilute sulfuric acid solution finally, washing with water and drying in vacuum to obtain a conductive ceramic heating body, wherein the conductive ceramic heating body is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged, the first end is the etched third end, the second end is the etched fourth end, and the mass ratio of zinc to copper in the conductive ceramic heating body is 1:0.1.
Example 4
Substantially the same as in example 3, except that the etching time was shorter, the mass ratio of zinc to copper in the conductive ceramic heat-generating body was 1:0.06.
Example 5
Substantially the same as in example 3, except that the mixed powder comprises 0.5 parts by weight of zinc powder and 4.5 parts by weight of copper powder, the mass ratio of zinc to copper in the conductive ceramic heat-generating body was 1:12.
Comparative example 1
Substantially the same as in example 3, except that etching was not performed, the preform was directly used as a conductive ceramic heat generating body.
Comparative example 2
Substantially the same as in example 3, except that 4.75 parts by weight of zinc powder and 0.25 part by weight of copper powder were changed to 5 parts by weight of copper powder.
Performance detection
The conductive ceramic heat-generating bodies prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were subjected to conductivity measurement in which one electrode was fixed to the second end (as the origin), and the voltage, current, and distance between the two electrodes were measured by changing the position of the other electrode on the conductive ceramic heat-generating body, and the average conductivity at positions at different distances from the origin in the length direction of the conductive ceramic heat-generating body was calculated, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 conductivity detection results
After the metal electrodes were silk-screened on the surfaces of the conductive ceramic heating elements prepared in examples and comparative examples, external connection lines were soldered, the conductive ceramic heating elements were heated by energizing, after the temperature was raised to 250 ℃, the heating was stopped, the conductive ceramic heating elements were cooled to room temperature by a room temperature (25 ℃) fan, and were heated again to 250 ℃, after the above-mentioned steps were repeated 10000 times, the tensile strength of the bonding pads (the bonding pad length was less than 3.5mm, the width was less than 3mm, and the height was less than 1.5 mm) on the conductive ceramic heating elements of examples and comparative examples was measured according to the IPC-2221 standard, and the results were shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 tensile Strength test results
| Tensile Strength (kgf/mm 2) | |
| Example 1 | 0.33 |
| Example 2 | 0.38 |
| Example 3 | 0.47 |
| Example 4 | 0.26 |
| Example 5 | 0.25 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.2 |
As can be seen from the above results, compared with the comparative example, the conductive ceramic has a gradient change in conductivity by acid etching, so that the temperature gradient of the conductive ceramic heating element after heating is changed, the etched non-acid-resistant metal material improves the thermal expansion of the conductive ceramic heating element, the stability of the conductive ceramic heating element, and the bonding performance (tensile strength) between the conductive ceramic heating element and the welding electrode due to the temperature change is improved, and the service performance and service life of the conductive ceramic heating element are improved, thereby being beneficial to the use of electronic cigarettes, and meanwhile, compared with examples 4-5, the conductive ceramic heating element prepared in examples 1-3 has a proper gradient change in conductivity, and the measured tensile strength is higher, thereby remarkably improving the service performance of the conductive ceramic heating element.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present application and is not to be construed as limiting the scope thereof. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the application may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present application and are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311154490.6A CN119563936A (en) | 2023-09-07 | 2023-09-07 | Conductive ceramic heating element and preparation method thereof and electronic cigarette |
| PCT/CN2024/082334 WO2025050612A1 (en) | 2023-09-07 | 2024-03-19 | Conductive ceramic heating body and preparation method therefor, and electronic cigarette |
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| CN202311154490.6A CN119563936A (en) | 2023-09-07 | 2023-09-07 | Conductive ceramic heating element and preparation method thereof and electronic cigarette |
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| US11344683B2 (en) * | 2010-05-15 | 2022-05-31 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Vaporizer related systems, methods, and apparatus |
| CN107046739B (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2019-10-29 | 常德科锐新材料科技有限公司 | High-power silicon nitride ceramics heating sheet and its interior hard outer soft production method |
| US11019850B2 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2021-06-01 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Heat conducting substrate for electrically heated aerosol delivery device |
| WO2019238818A1 (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-12-19 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Aerosol-generating device with heating coating |
| CN116410016B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-08-02 | 深圳市卓尔悦电子科技有限公司 | Preparation method and application of ceramic atomizing core |
| CN116420924A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-07-14 | 深圳市合元科技有限公司 | Aerosol generating device and resistance heater for aerosol generating device |
| CN114587023A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-06-07 | 海南摩尔兄弟科技有限公司 | Aerosol forming device and heating assembly therefor |
| CN114766725A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-07-22 | 深圳麦克韦尔科技有限公司 | Aerosol generator, heater thereof and material for producing heater |
| CN217523962U (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-10-04 | 重庆江陶科技有限公司 | Aerosol generator and resistance heater thereof |
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