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CN119553813A - A roof truss tie rod structure and construction method of an ice house - Google Patents

A roof truss tie rod structure and construction method of an ice house Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119553813A
CN119553813A CN202510034950.4A CN202510034950A CN119553813A CN 119553813 A CN119553813 A CN 119553813A CN 202510034950 A CN202510034950 A CN 202510034950A CN 119553813 A CN119553813 A CN 119553813A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
ice
roof
pull rod
plates
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202510034950.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
胡晓江
吴香国
叶光伟
王瑞
徐海
刘海哲
林森
田振朋
李博洋
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Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
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Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen filed Critical Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
Priority to CN202510034950.4A priority Critical patent/CN119553813A/en
Publication of CN119553813A publication Critical patent/CN119553813A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/388—Separate connecting elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
    • E04B7/06—Constructions of roof intersections or hipped ends
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/12—Mounting of reinforcing inserts; Prestressing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C1/00—Producing ice

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

一种冰屋的屋架拉杆结构及建造方法，属于冰雪建筑制造技术领域，本发明为了解决现有冰屋建筑在搭建时由于屋顶部分缺少合理的复合受力结构，导致其使用安全性差的问题以及屋顶部分在搭建时需要借助金属托板作为支撑，影响冰建筑整体美观性的问题，本申请通过在冰制板中增加了有机玻璃筋及拉杆拱用来提高冰屋盖的整体抗弯性能，面向实际建造的需要，通过添加的FRP拉杆组成的屋盖拉杆拱构造可以有效的提升屋盖的受压性能，避免冰屋盖在使用过程中面临的开裂断裂问题，同时有机玻璃筋的配置，为屋盖的受弯性能提供了进一步保障，通过玻璃筋及拉杆拱的综合应用，拓展了此类冰制建筑结构的应用范围及应用场景。

A roof tie rod structure and construction method of an ice house, belonging to the technical field of ice and snow building manufacturing. In order to solve the problem that the existing ice house building lacks a reasonable composite force-bearing structure in the roof part during construction, resulting in poor safety in use, and the roof part needs to be supported by a metal support plate during construction, which affects the overall aesthetics of the ice building. The present application adds organic glass bars and tie rod arches to the ice panels to improve the overall bending resistance of the ice roof. In view of the needs of actual construction, the roof tie rod arch structure composed of the added FRP tie rods can effectively improve the compressive performance of the roof and avoid the cracking and fracture problems faced by the ice roof during use. At the same time, the configuration of the organic glass bars provides further guarantee for the bending performance of the roof. Through the comprehensive application of glass bars and tie rod arches, the application scope and application scenarios of this type of ice building structure are expanded.

Description

Roof truss pull rod structure of ice house and construction method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ice and snow building, and particularly relates to a roof truss pull rod structure of an ice house and a building method.
Background
Ice as one kind of natural engineering material has relatively high bearing capacity and plasticity, and may be used in combination with color lamp and dye to form crystal clear and bright color. Ice and snow building structure has long history and distinct characteristics, is an important component of modern ice and snow industry, but ice is taken as a building material, has the characteristics of low strength and brittle failure, and various materials such as sawdust and slag are adopted to strengthen the ice structure in the prior research.
The existing construction method of the ice structure generally comprises a pouring die and an inflatable membrane, wherein in the manufacturing process, ice blocks are frozen in unit dies of a rectangular box body, the pouring die is connected to form a net-shaped structure, and the net-shaped structure is paved above the inflatable membrane. Restarting the inflatable membrane through a ventilator to enable the inflatable membrane to be arranged in an arch shape or a slope shape, filling composite material blocks in gaps of a net structure, spraying composite material water, depressurizing the inside of the inflatable membrane after forming, separating the inflatable membrane from the arch or the slope, and then filling and polishing the inside of the arch or the slope;
In the process of common ice masonry structure construction application, the common construction mode is usually just simple stacking of ice blocks, the overall performance of the constructed ice block structure is guaranteed by increasing the thickness of the blocks, the ice block structure constructed in the mode is quite thick and heavy, and in the construction process, a quite large preparation amount of ice bodies is required, meanwhile, the requirement on the structure is quite high, and the masonry ice structure cannot bear quite large load due to the fact that the ice blocks bear the acting force of control nodes simply in the use process, and is difficult to realize the construction of free-form surface structure models such as complex shells and the like, and meanwhile, due to the quite simple stressed structure, the continuous appearance structure modeling such as a large-span high-rise structure and the like is difficult to realize.
For larger ice house buildings, due to larger size, a block type manufacturing mode is generally adopted, the ice house is generally decomposed into a plurality of different modules to be manufactured one by one, and finally, each module is spliced and assembled to form a complete ice house, in the process, if a frozen body formed by stacking ice blocks or a prefabricated ice body prepared by taking a composite material as an adhesive is directly used as a roof structure of the ice house, the strength of the roof structure is weaker, the strong lifting force can directly damage the main body of the roof structure during later lifting, the roof is damaged, in order to avoid the situation, the structure of the ice house is generally built on a metal supporting plate, the metal supporting plate and the ice house are lifted to the top of other ice house structures together through a lifting device to realize multi-module combined installation of the ice house structure, the tensile defect of the ice roof can be overcome by using the metal supporting plate as a carrying structure in the lifting process, the integrity of the ice roof is ensured, but the operation has the defects that the metal supporting plate finally becomes a part of the ice house building, so that the ice house building can not visually present the building state of a pure ice house, the aesthetic degree of the ice house building is very influenced, the roof structure has a relatively weak strength, a relatively large span and a lack of a reasonable composite stress structure, the collapse problem caused by creep accumulation is extremely easy to generate at a relatively weak position in the span of the structure in the service process, and the damage of the structure is difficult to observe and the danger is relatively large because the ice structure has relatively strong brittleness.
In summary, in order to improve the overall aesthetic property of the existing ice house building and the use safety of the ice house roof, it is very desirable to develop an ice house roof truss structure capable of solving the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the use safety of the existing ice house building is poor due to the fact that a roof part lacks a reasonable composite stress structure when the existing ice house building is built, and the integral attractiveness of the ice building is affected by taking a metal supporting plate as a support when the roof part is built;
the roof truss pull rod structure of the ice house comprises an ice roof and two ice walls, wherein the ice roof is a reinforcement pull rod type roof;
The ice wall body is made by stacking and freezing a plurality of ice masonry bodies;
The ice roof comprises two ice plates and a pull rod assembly, wherein the two ice plates and the pull rod assembly are arranged in an isosceles triangle shape, a roof glass fiber mesh is arranged in each ice plate, the roof glass fiber mesh in the two ice plates extends out of the top of the ice plate and is bound and fixed with a ridge rib to form a ridge rib structure, a freezing connecting layer is arranged on the outer side of the ridge rib structure, the top ends of the two ice plates are fixedly connected through the freezing connecting layer, the pull rod assembly is arranged at the bottoms of the two ice plates, two ends of the pull rod assembly are respectively correspondingly inserted into one adjacent ice plate, and the bottoms of the two ice plates are supported and fixed through the pull rod assembly;
The two ice walls are oppositely arranged below the ice roof in parallel, and the top of each ice wall is connected with the bottom of one ice plate in the ice roof through a leveling layer;
further, the frozen connecting layer and the leveling layer are both made of crushed ice and water mixture;
Further, the pull rod assembly comprises a plurality of pull rod units, the pull rod units are sequentially and equidistantly arranged along the extending direction of the depth of the roof truss, each pull rod unit comprises a horizontal pull rod and two end constraint nuts, external threads are respectively machined at two ends of the horizontal pull rod, the horizontal pull rod is arranged between the bottom ends of two ice plates, two ends of the horizontal pull rod respectively penetrate through the corresponding ice plates and extend to the outer sides of the ice plates, each end constraint nut is arranged at the outer sides of the ice plates, and each end constraint nut is correspondingly sleeved on the external threads at one end of the horizontal pull rod and is in threaded connection with the horizontal pull rod;
Further, the horizontal pull rod and the end constraint nut are both made of FRP materials;
Further, the roof glass fiber reinforced plastic net is composed of a group of organic glass fiber reinforced plastic arranged along the transverse direction and a group of organic glass fiber reinforced plastic arranged along the longitudinal direction, wherein the distance between two adjacent organic glass fiber reinforced plastic in the organic glass fiber reinforced plastic arranged along the transverse direction is 100-250 mm, and the distance between two adjacent organic glass fiber reinforced plastic in the organic glass fiber reinforced plastic arranged along the longitudinal direction is 100-250 mm;
Further, the organic glass fiber reinforced plastic adopts square or round organic glass fiber reinforced plastic with the cross section area of 20mm 2～150mm2;
Further, the thickness of the ice plate is 150 mm-450 mm, the length of the ice plate is 3000 mm-5000 mm, the ice plate is formed in a layered pouring mode, and in the pouring process, a 50mm one-layer pouring mode is adopted for layered pouring;
further, the crossing angle between two ice plates in the ice roof is 60-150 degrees;
Further, the arrangement distance between two adjacent pull rod units in the pull rod assembly is 1500 mm-2500 mm, the length of the horizontal pull rod is 2500 mm-5000 mm, the end face diameter of the horizontal pull rod is 30 mm-120 mm, FRP washers are arranged between each end constraint nut and the corresponding ice plate, and the thickness of each FRP washer is 20mm;
The construction method of the pull rod structure of the ice house roof truss comprises the following steps:
pouring an ice plate, wherein the ice plate is formed in a layered pouring mode, and in the pouring process, the ice plate is poured in a layered manner by adopting a layer of pouring mode of 50mm, and after the ice plate is poured and trimmed in place, a ridge dividing line is positioned according to the design size;
Step 2, cutting the ice plate poured in the step 1, cutting the poured ice plate at a ridge parting line, paying attention to the position of an organic glass reinforcement, reserving the organic glass reinforcement with a proper length as a connecting part binding with the ridge reinforcement, determining the position of a hanging reinforcement after cutting the ice plate, preparing a mounting frame according to the gradient and span of a roof, and carrying out hoisting preparation;
Step 3, hoisting the two ice plates cut in the step 2 to the position of the mounting frame, and making temporary fixing measures to avoid mutual sliding between the ice plates and the mounting frame after the ice plates are placed, so as to influence the preparation precision of the final ice roof;
Step 4, after the ice plate and the mounting frame in the step 3 are well limited, determining the arrangement position of the ridge rib structure according to the structural design, binding and fixing the organic glass ribs and the ridge rib reserved in the step 2 through binding belts, positioning the anchor surface of the pull rod after the ridge rib structure is fixed, and determining the anchor surface cutting line;
step 5, according to the anchor face cutting line determined in the step 4, carrying out support anchor face cutting work, and simultaneously determining the position of an anchor hole and carrying out perforating;
step 6, after the anchor holes are formed in the step 5, inserting the prepared plurality of horizontal pull rods into a group of oppositely arranged anchor holes one by one correspondingly, and fixing the single-end anchors of each inserted horizontal pull rod through one end constraint nut;
Step 7, after the plurality of horizontal pull rods are anchored and fixed at one end in the step 6, filling crushed ice or ice powder layer by layer on the outer side of the ridge rib structure, injecting water and freezing to form a frozen connecting layer, and fixing the top ends of two ice plates in the ice roof through the frozen connecting layer at least for 24 hours between freezing;
Step 8, after the top ends of two ice plates in the ice roof are fixed through the ice connecting layer in the step 7, fixing end anchors on the other end of each horizontal pull rod and checking the sagging degree of the horizontal pull rod;
Step 9, after the sagging degree of all the horizontal pull rods in the step 8 reaches the inspection standard, hoisting the whole ice roof structure to the upper parts of two ice walls which are arranged in advance in a four-point hoisting mode;
And 10, constructing a leveling layer on the top bearing surface of each ice wall body in a mode of mixing ice foam with water for leveling, and accurately landing the suspended ice roof in the step 9 on the leveling layers on the tops of the two ice wall bodies to complete the integral installation of the ice house roof truss structure.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
1. The application provides a roof truss pull rod structure and a construction method of an ice house, which are based on a common building construction process of an ice masonry, creatively adopts a reinforcement pull rod combined structure, creatively proposes a reinforcement pull rod and plane ice masonry wall combined scheme, and makes the structure face to the existing ice structure house design by proposing a construction process aiming at practical application.
2. According to the roof truss pull rod structure and the construction method of the ice house, in order to fully utilize the material property of ice and ensure the stability of an ice building in the normal use process, a roof structure is constructed by pouring ice plates on the basis of a traditional ice stacking structure, an anchoring pull rod is arranged in the roof structure, and the roof structure is assembled with an ice wall structure for use after the roof structure is formed. In the process of pouring the ice plate, an ice plate pouring mode with glass ribs is provided, the glass ribs are placed in a die in advance, the ice plate part is poured, a dividing line is arranged, the external glass ribs are reserved, and the overall performance of the ice house cover is guaranteed in the mode of filling the glass ribs bound at corners and the node ice materials in the forming process.
3. According to the roof truss pull rod structure and the construction method of the ice house, the integral strength and toughness of the ice plate are improved through the addition of the organic glass fiber reinforced plastic, so that the ice house cover is more stable when bearing various external forces. As a high-strength material, the load on the ice house cover can be effectively dispersed and transferred, so that the stress of the ice house cover is more uniform. The cracks and deformation of the ice roof in the stress process are reduced, and the integral bearing capacity of the ice roof is improved. By placing the organic glass fiber reinforced plastic in the mold in advance and pouring the ice plate part, the construction flow can be greatly simplified, and the construction efficiency can be improved. Meanwhile, the pouring mode is also beneficial to reducing the field work load and the construction cost. The transparent characteristic of the glass fiber reinforced plastic makes the ice house cover lighter and transparent in vision, and the ice house cover is in contrast with the white color of the ice wall, and can be matched with decorative materials such as a lamp strip and the like, so that a unique aesthetic effect is formed.
4. According to the roof truss pull rod structure and the construction method of the ice house, through improvement of the ice plate structure and optimization of the roof structure, the supporting strength and the bending strength of the ice roof structure are greatly improved, the ice roof structure can be lifted directly by using the lifting appliance, a metal supporting plate is not required to be used as a bearing component, the roof and the ice wall are combined without participation of the metal supporting plate, the roof is lifted to the top of the ice wall directly and leveled by a leveling layer formed by crushed ice and mixed water, the ice house building arranged in the way is a pure ice structure in appearance, obvious splicing marks are not seen, and the integrity and the aesthetic property of the ice house building are displayed to the greatest extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pull rod structure of an ice house roof truss according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a pull rod structure of an ice house roof truss according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the connection of roof sections in an ice house roof truss tie structure according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pull rod unit in the pull rod structure of the ice house roof truss according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of a roof structure and an ice wall structure in the ice house roof truss tie structure according to the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of determining ridge parting lines on an ice sheet when the pull rod structure of the ice house roof truss of the application is constructed;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a state of an ice sheet after being divided when the pull rod structure of the roof truss of the ice house is constructed;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a state that an ice plate is lifted to a mounting frame when the pull rod structure of the ice house roof truss is constructed;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the binding of ridge ribs in two ice plates to a ridge rib structure when the ice house roof truss tie bar structure of the application is constructed;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a state of determining the installation position of a horizontal tie rod when the tie rod structure of the ice house roof truss according to the present application is constructed;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation of a single end of a horizontal tie rod in the construction of the tie rod structure of the ice house roof truss according to the present application;
FIG. 12 is a schematic casting view of a frozen connection layer in the construction of the pull rod structure of the ice house roof truss according to the present application;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the installation of the two ends of the horizontal tie rod fixed during the construction of the tie rod structure of the ice house roof truss according to the present application;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing a state of hanging a roof structure off a mounting frame when the pull rod structure of the ice house roof frame is constructed;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the installation of the roof structure to the ice wall structure during construction of the roof truss tie structure of the ice house according to the present application;
Fig. 16 is a schematic view showing a state when the construction of the pull rod structure of the ice house roof truss according to the present application is completed.
In the figure, a roof made of ice, a horizontal pull rod 2, external threads 25, a glass rib net 3 of the roof, a ridge rib structure 31, a wall made of ice, a constraint nut 5 end parts, a ridge parting line 6, a hanging rib position 7, ridge rib 8, a mounting frame 9, a binding belt 10, an anchor surface parting line 11, anchor holes 12, a freezing connecting layer 13 and a leveling layer 14 are arranged.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, in which a roof truss tie structure of an ice house is provided, the roof truss tie structure includes an ice roof 1 and two ice walls 4, wherein the ice roof 1 is a bar-type tie roof;
The ice wall body 4 is made by stacking and freezing a plurality of ice masonry;
The ice roof 1 comprises two ice plates and a pull rod assembly, wherein the two ice plates and the pull rod assembly are arranged in an isosceles triangle shape, a roof glass rib net 3 is arranged in each ice plate, the roof glass rib net 3 in the two ice plates extends out of the top of the ice plate and is bound and fixed with a ridge rib 8 to form a ridge rib structure 31, a freezing connecting layer 13 is arranged on the outer side of the ridge rib structure 31, the top ends of the two ice plates are fixedly connected through the freezing connecting layer 13, the pull rod assembly is arranged at the bottoms of the two ice plates, two ends of the pull rod assembly are respectively correspondingly inserted into one adjacent ice plate, and the bottoms of the two ice plates are supported and fixed through the pull rod assembly;
Two ice walls 4 are arranged in parallel and opposite under the ice roof 1, and the top of each ice wall 4 is connected with the bottom of one ice plate in the ice roof 1 through a leveling layer 14.
According to the roof truss pull rod structure of the ice house, provided by the embodiment, through adopting a customized design, various bearing problems possibly faced in the process of building and using the ice structure are solved, the structural scheme of the reinforcement ice pull rod arch is provided in a targeted manner, the bearing capacity problem is solved through a mode of configuring reinforcement materials in the ice structure, the reliability and stability of the structure are guaranteed through specific construction processes aiming at the structure in the construction process, compared with the traditional masonry type ice body building design, the bending strength of the ice plate is improved through arranging reinforcement materials in the ice plate, the low weak strength of ice is considered, the ultimate compressive strength is 1-2MPa, the tensile strength is 0.1-0.3MPa, the traditional ice structure cannot be realized for developing a large-span roof structure, the problem caused by creep accumulation is avoided during the service period of the ice structure on the basis of improving the strength of the plate, the whole bending performance of the ice structure is guaranteed, the ice structure is developed to a large-span roof structure through materials, meanwhile, the ice can be directly assembled with a supporting plate through the ice body through the pure roof body, the visual assembly state of the ice body is also guaranteed, and the visual assembly state of the ice body is realized.
Second embodiment the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and differs from the first embodiment in that both the ice-cold joint layer 13 and the screed 14 are frozen from crushed ice and a blended water mixture. Other compositions and connection modes are the same as in the first embodiment.
In this embodiment, the leveling component and the connecting component are made of crushed ice and water, so that the horizontal stability of the whole roof in the assembly process and the connection performance between the roof and the ice wall can be ensured, the freezing connecting layer 13 made of crushed ice and water can effectively repair the splicing gap when two ice plates are connected, the two ice plates can be connected more tightly in a freezing manner, the splicing trace is desalted, the leveling layer 14 made of crushed ice and water can adjust the proportion of crushed ice and water according to the actual condition of the top of the ice wall 4, the manufacturing cost is low, the flexibility is relatively high, more importantly, the connection trace between the roof and the ice wall can be desalted through the ice leveling layer, and the aesthetic property of the integral ice body building can be more prominent under the addition of environments such as lamplight.
The third embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and the difference between the second embodiment and the third embodiment is that the pull rod assembly includes a plurality of pull rod units, the plurality of pull rod units are sequentially equidistantly arranged along the extending direction of the depth of the roof truss, each pull rod unit includes a horizontal pull rod 2 and two end constraint nuts 5, external threads 25 are respectively processed at two ends of the horizontal pull rod 2, the horizontal pull rod 2 is arranged between bottom ends of two ice plates, two ends of the horizontal pull rod 2 respectively pass through the corresponding ice plates and extend to the outer sides of the ice plates, each end constraint nut 5 is arranged at the outer side of one ice plate, and each end constraint nut 5 is correspondingly sleeved on the external thread 25 at one end of the horizontal pull rod 2 and is in threaded connection with the horizontal pull rod 2. Other compositions and connection modes are the same as those of the second embodiment.
The fourth embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and is different from the third embodiment in that both the horizontal tie 2 and the end restraining nut 5 are made of FRP material. Other compositions and connection modes are the same as those of the third embodiment.
According to the third and fourth embodiments, the horizontal pull rods 2 are arranged at the bottoms of the two ice plates in the roof structure, lateral pressure and other loads of the ice plates can be well borne, the distance between the bottom ends of the two ice plates can meet design requirements, meanwhile, the horizontal pull rods 2 are also used as supporting points of the whole roof structure, so that rigidity and strength of the roof structure can be improved, the compression performance of the roof can be effectively improved, the problems of cracking, breaking and the like of the ice roof in the using process are avoided, the horizontal pull rods 2 and the end constraint nuts 5 are both made of composite materials composed of resin matrixes and fiber reinforced materials, the weight of the horizontal pull rods 2 is reduced, meanwhile, the horizontal pull rods 2 are guaranteed to have higher supporting strength, most of ice house buildings are matched with lamplight in use, accordingly, the FRP materials are used as main materials of the horizontal pull rods 2 and the end constraint nuts 5, the insulation of the pull rod assemblies can be improved, and the safety of the ice house buildings in use is improved.
The fifth embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and the difference between the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that the roof glass bead net 3 is formed by a group of organic glass beads arranged in a transverse direction and a group of organic glass beads arranged in a longitudinal direction, wherein a distance between two adjacent organic glass beads in the organic glass beads arranged in the transverse direction is 100mm to 250mm, and a distance between two adjacent organic glass beads in the organic glass beads arranged in the longitudinal direction is 100mm to 250mm. Other compositions and connection modes are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.
The sixth embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and the difference between the fifth embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that the organic glass ribbon is a square or circular organic glass ribbon having a cross-sectional area of 20mm 2～150mm2. Other compositions and connection modes are the same as those of the fifth embodiment.
In connection with the fifth to sixth embodiments, the organic glass beads arranged horizontally and the organic glass beads arranged longitudinally are fixed by binding, and the selection of the arrangement pitch size and the selection of the cross-sectional area size of the organic glass beads are determined based on the structural size of the ice plate, and the larger the ice plate size is, the larger the size of the selected pitch and the size of the cross-sectional area of the organic glass beads is, and the smaller the ice plate size is, the smaller the size of the selected pitch and the size of the cross-sectional area of the organic glass beads is.
The seventh embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and the sixth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the thickness of the ice sheet is 150mm to 450mm, the length of the ice sheet is 3000mm to 5000mm, the ice sheet is molded by a layered casting method, and in the casting process, a layered casting is performed by adopting a 50mm one-layer casting method. Other compositions and connection manners are the same as those of the seventh embodiment.
The eighth embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and the seventh embodiment is different from the seventh embodiment in that an intersecting angle between two ice boards in the ice roof 1 is 60 ° to 150 °. Other compositions and connection modes are the same as those of the eighth embodiment.
According to the seventh-eighth description of the specific embodiments, compared with the whole pouring, the uniformity and the permeability of the ice plate after being prepared into a body can be ensured by adopting the layer-by-layer pouring mode for freezing the ice plate, the whole pouring has the defects that large-surface longitudinal ice residues are easy to generate during freezing, impurities and gases in water can be filled into the ice body during ice residue generation, cloudy floccules appear in the ice preparation, the permeability and the attractiveness of the ice body are seriously influenced, the whole pouring is not beneficial to determining the arrangement position and the arrangement precision of the roof glass fiber reinforced plastic net 3, and the bending strength of the final reinforced ice plate is easy to influence.
The eighth difference between the present embodiment and the eighth embodiment is that the arrangement space between two adjacent tie rod units in the tie rod assembly is 1500 mm-2500 mm, the length of the horizontal tie rod 2 is 2500 mm-5000 mm, the end diameter of the horizontal tie rod 2 is 30 mm-120 mm, an FRP washer is arranged between each end constraint nut 5 and the corresponding ice plate, and the thickness of the FRP washer is 20mm. Other compositions and connection manners are the same as those of the embodiment nine.
In this embodiment, the purpose of disposing the FRP washer between each end portion restraining nut 5 and the corresponding ice plate is to avoid the end portion restraining nut 5 from damaging the surface of the ice plate when screwing, and at the same time, avoid the defect of the surface of the ice plate, the tightening degree of the end portion restraining nut 5 is affected, so that the horizontal pull rod 2 cannot be kept in a straightened state, and the rigidity and the supporting strength of the horizontal pull rod 2 are reduced.
The tenth embodiment provides a construction method of a pull rod structure of an ice house roof truss, which comprises the following specific steps of:
Pouring an ice plate, wherein the ice plate is formed in a layered pouring mode, and in the pouring process, the ice plate is poured in a layered manner by adopting a layer of pouring mode of 50mm, and after the ice plate is poured and trimmed in place, a ridge parting line 6 is positioned according to the design size;
Step 2, cutting the ice plate poured in the step 1, cutting the poured ice plate at a ridge parting line 6, paying attention to the position of an organic glass reinforcement, reserving the organic glass reinforcement with a proper length as a connecting part binding with a ridge reinforcement 8, determining a hanging reinforcement position 7 after cutting the ice plate, preparing a mounting frame 9 according to the gradient and span of a roof, and carrying out hoisting preparation;
Step 3, lifting the two ice plates cut in the step 2 to the position of the mounting frame 9, and taking temporary fixing measures to avoid the influence on the preparation precision of the final ice roof 1 due to the mutual sliding between the ice plates and the mounting frame 9 after the ice plates are placed;
step 4, after the ice plate and the mounting frame 9 in the step 3 are well limited, determining the arrangement position of the ridge rib structure 31 according to the structural design, binding and fixing the organic glass ribs reserved in the step 2 and the ridge rib 8 through the binding belt 10, positioning the anchor surface of the pull rod after the ridge rib structure 31 is fixed, and determining the anchor surface cutting line 11;
step 5, according to the anchor face cutting line 11 determined in the step 4, carrying out support anchor face cutting work, and simultaneously determining the position of an anchor hole 12 and carrying out perforating;
Step 6, after the anchor holes 12 in the step 5 are formed, correspondingly inserting the prepared plurality of horizontal pull rods 2 into a group of oppositely arranged anchor holes 12 one by one, and fixing the single-end anchors of each inserted horizontal pull rod 2 by using one end constraint nut 5;
Step 7, after the single end anchor fixing is carried out on the plurality of horizontal pull rods 2 in the step 6, crushed ice or ice powder is filled layer by layer on the outer side of the ridge rib structure 31, water is injected and frozen to form a frozen connecting layer 13, the freezing time is at least 24 hours, and the top ends of two ice plates in the ice roof 1 are fixed through the frozen connecting layer 13;
Step 8, after the top ends of two ice plates in the ice roof 1 are fixed through the ice connecting layer 13 in the step 7, the other end of each horizontal pull rod 2 is anchored and fixed, and the sagging degree of the horizontal pull rods 2 is checked;
Step 9, after the sagging degree of all the horizontal pull rods 2 in the step 8 reaches the inspection standard, hoisting the whole structure of the ice roof 1 to the upper parts of two ice walls 4 which are vertically arranged in advance in a four-point hoisting mode;
And 10, constructing a leveling layer 14 on the top bearing surface of each ice wall body 4 in a mode of ice foam stirring and leveling, and accurately landing the suspended ice roof 1 in the step 9 on the leveling layers 14 on the tops of the two ice wall bodies 4 to finish the integral installation of the ice house roof truss structure.
In this embodiment, a brand new construction idea of the ice house structure is provided, the bending resistance in the ice house roof structure is improved by carrying out reinforcement treatment in the ice plates, and the supporting strength and rigidity of the ice house roof structure are improved by arranging the pull rod structure in the ice house roof structure, so that the roof structure can be directly lifted through the lifting assembly and spliced and assembled in the ice wall structure, and the appearance of the ice building is ensured to be a pure ice structure, wherein a layer-by-layer pouring mode is adopted when the ice plates are manufactured, so that the arrangement stability and arrangement precision of the roof glass fiber reinforced net 3 are conveniently ensured, when the horizontal pull rod 2 is installed, single-end fastening is firstly carried out, after the pouring of the frozen connecting layer 13 is finished, two ends are fastened, so that in order to ensure the stability of splicing of two ice plates in the roof structure, when the frozen connecting layer 13 is not poured, the two ice plates are connected only by virtue of the ridge rib structure 31, the supporting strength is limited, and if the two ends of the horizontal pull rod 2 are directly fastened at the moment, the two ice plates are easily misplaced under the effect of clamping nuts 5, and the position of the two end constraint nuts 5 are also directly offset, so that the subsequent roof ridge structure is directly influenced by the strength;
Compared with the traditional masonry ice structure and the traditional ice building method, the ice house structure and the building method of the ice house structure provided by the embodiment are added with the organic glass reinforcement and the pull rod arch for improving the overall bending resistance of the ice house cover, the roof pull rod arch structure formed by the added FRP pull rods can effectively improve the compression performance of the roof, the cracking and fracture problem of the ice house cover in the use process is avoided, meanwhile, the allocation of the organic glass reinforcement provides further guarantee for the bending performance of the roof, and the application range and the application scene of the ice building structure are expanded through the comprehensive application of the glass reinforcement and the pull rod arch.
The present invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, but is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any simple modification, equivalent changes and variation of the above-described embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention will be within the scope of the present invention when the above-described structures and technical principles can be utilized to make a few equivalent embodiments without departing from the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The roof truss pull rod structure of the ice house is characterized by comprising an ice roof (1) and two ice walls (4), wherein the ice roof (1) is a reinforcement pull rod type roof;
the ice wall body (4) is formed by stacking and connecting a plurality of ice masonry bodies;
The ice roof (1) comprises two ice plates and a pull rod assembly, wherein the two ice plates and the pull rod assembly are arranged in an isosceles triangle shape, a roof glass rib net (3) is arranged in each ice plate, the roof glass rib net (3) in the two ice plates extends out of the top of the ice plate where the roof glass rib net is positioned and is bound and fixed with a ridge rib (8) to form a ridge rib structure (31), a freezing connecting layer (13) is arranged on the outer side of the ridge rib structure (31), the top ends of the two ice plates are fixedly connected through the freezing connecting layer (13), the pull rod assembly is arranged at the bottoms of the two ice plates, two ends of the pull rod assembly are correspondingly inserted in one adjacent ice plate respectively, and the bottoms of the two ice plates are supported and fixed through the pull rod assembly;
The two ice walls (4) are oppositely arranged below the ice roof (1) in parallel, and the top of each ice wall (4) is connected with the bottom of one ice plate in the ice roof (1) through a leveling layer (14).
2. Roof truss tie structure for ice houses according to claim 1, characterised in that both the frozen connection layer (13) and the leveling layer (14) are made of crushed ice and a water mix.
3. The roof truss pull rod structure of the ice house according to claim 2, wherein the pull rod assembly comprises a plurality of pull rod units, the pull rod units are sequentially and equidistantly arranged along the extending direction of the depth of the roof truss, each pull rod unit comprises a horizontal pull rod (2) and two end constraint nuts (5), external threads (25) are respectively machined at two ends of the horizontal pull rod (2), the horizontal pull rod (2) is arranged between the bottom ends of two ice plates, two ends of the horizontal pull rod (2) respectively penetrate through the corresponding ice plates and extend to the outer sides of the ice plates, each end constraint nut (5) is arranged on the outer side of one ice plate, and each end constraint nut (5) is correspondingly sleeved on one external thread (25) of one end of the horizontal pull rod (2) and is in threaded connection with the horizontal pull rod (2).
4. A roof truss tie structure for ice house according to claim 3, wherein the horizontal tie (2) and the end restraining nut (5) are made of FRP material.
5. The roof truss pull rod structure of the ice house according to claim 4, wherein the roof glass fiber reinforced plastic net (3) is composed of a group of organic glass fiber reinforced plastic arranged in the transverse direction and a group of organic glass fiber reinforced plastic arranged in the longitudinal direction, the distance between two adjacent organic glass fiber reinforced plastic in the organic glass fiber reinforced plastic arranged in the transverse direction is 100 mm-250 mm, and the distance between two adjacent organic glass fiber reinforced plastic in the organic glass fiber reinforced plastic arranged in the longitudinal direction is 100 mm-250 mm.
6. The roof truss tie structure of an ice house of claim 5, wherein the organic glass fiber reinforced plastic is square or round organic glass fiber reinforced plastic with a cross-sectional area of 20mm 2～150mm2.
7. The roof truss pull rod structure of the ice house according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the ice plate is 150-450 mm, the length of the ice plate is 3000-5000 mm, the ice plate is formed in a layered pouring mode, and in the pouring process, a 50mm one-layer pouring mode is adopted for layered pouring.
8. The roof truss pull rod structure of the ice house according to claim 7, wherein the crossing angle between two ice plates in the ice house roof (1) is 60-150 degrees.
9. The roof truss pull rod structure of the ice house according to claim 8, wherein an arrangement distance between two adjacent pull rod units in the pull rod assembly is 1500 mm-2500 mm, the length of the horizontal pull rod (2) is 2500 mm-5000 mm, the end face diameter of the horizontal pull rod (2) is 30 mm-120 mm, an FRP washer is arranged between each end constraint nut (5) and the corresponding ice plate, and the thickness of the FRP washer is 20mm.
10. A construction method of a pull rod structure of an ice house roof truss according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
pouring an ice plate, wherein the ice plate is formed in a layered pouring mode, and in the pouring process, the ice plate is poured in a layered manner by adopting a layer of pouring mode of 50mm, and after the ice plate is poured and trimmed in place, a ridge parting line (6) is positioned according to the design size;
step 2, cutting the ice plate poured in the step 1, cutting the poured ice plate at a ridge parting line (6), paying attention to the position of an organic glass rib, reserving the organic glass rib with a proper length as a connecting part binding with a ridge rib (8), determining a hanging rib position (7) after cutting the ice plate, preparing a mounting frame (9) according to the gradient and span of a roof, and carrying out hoisting preparation;
Step 3, lifting the two ice plates cut in the step 2 to the position of the mounting frame (9), and taking temporary fixing measures to avoid mutual sliding between the ice plates and the mounting frame (9) after the ice plates are placed, so as to influence the preparation precision of the final ice roof (1);
Step 4, after the ice plate and the mounting frame (9) in the step 3 are well limited, determining the arrangement position of a ridge rib structure (31) according to the structural design, binding and fixing the organic glass rib reserved in the step 2 and the ridge rib (8) through a binding belt (10), positioning a pull rod anchor surface after the ridge rib structure (31) is fixed, and determining an anchor surface cutting line (11);
Step 5, according to the anchor face cutting line (11) determined in the step 4, carrying out support anchor face cutting work, and simultaneously determining the position of an anchor hole (12) and carrying out perforating;
step 6, after the anchor holes (12) in the step 5 are opened, inserting the prepared plurality of horizontal pull rods (2) into a group of oppositely arranged anchor holes (12) one by one correspondingly, and fixing the single-end anchors of each inserted horizontal pull rod (2) by using one end constraint nut (5);
Step 7, after the single end anchor fixing is carried out on the plurality of horizontal pull rods (2) in the step 6, crushed ice or ice powder is filled layer by layer on the outer side of the ridge rib structure (31), water is injected and frozen to form a frozen connecting layer (13), the freezing time is at least 24 hours, and the top ends of two ice plates in the ice roof (1) are fixed through the frozen connecting layer (13);
step 8, after the top ends of two ice plates in the ice roof (1) are fixed through the ice connecting layer (13) in the step 7, the other end of each horizontal pull rod (2) is anchored and the sagging of the horizontal pull rod (2) is checked;
Step 9, after the sagging degree of all the horizontal pull rods (2) in the step 8 reaches the inspection standard, hoisting the whole structure of the ice roof (1) to the upper parts of two ice walls (4) which are vertically arranged in advance in a four-point hoisting mode;
And 10, constructing a leveling layer (14) on the top bearing surface of each ice wall body (4) in a mode of ice foam stirring and leveling, and accurately landing the ice roof (1) suspended in the step 9 on the leveling layers (14) on the tops of the two ice wall bodies (4) to finish the integral installation of the ice house roof truss structure.
CN202510034950.4A 2025-01-09 2025-01-09 A roof truss tie rod structure and construction method of an ice house Pending CN119553813A (en)

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CN202510034950.4A CN119553813A (en) 2025-01-09 2025-01-09 A roof truss tie rod structure and construction method of an ice house

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202510034950.4A CN119553813A (en) 2025-01-09 2025-01-09 A roof truss tie rod structure and construction method of an ice house

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2844264Y (en) * 2005-05-31 2006-12-06 郜国宣 Assembled roof members
CN101624844A (en) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-13 金胜财 Structurally waterproof prefabricated house
WO2014094458A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 昆山生态屋建筑技术有限公司 Fully assembled, fully cast-in-place, composite-type house and construction method thereof
CN107882245A (en) * 2017-11-10 2018-04-06 远大住宅工业（天津）有限公司 The attachment structure and its construction method of complete prefabricated inclined roof and cast-in-place ridge pole

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2844264Y (en) * 2005-05-31 2006-12-06 郜国宣 Assembled roof members
CN101624844A (en) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-13 金胜财 Structurally waterproof prefabricated house
WO2014094458A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 昆山生态屋建筑技术有限公司 Fully assembled, fully cast-in-place, composite-type house and construction method thereof
CN107882245A (en) * 2017-11-10 2018-04-06 远大住宅工业（天津）有限公司 The attachment structure and its construction method of complete prefabricated inclined roof and cast-in-place ridge pole

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