Continuously adjustable wireless electric altimeter detector
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aviation manufacturing technology (airplane function test and detection), and relates to a continuously adjustable radio altimeter altitude simulation device. In particular to a device which can simulate any height signal which can be continuously adjusted in a certain range with high precision.
Background
In order to ensure the normal operation of the radio altimeter of the aircraft, a radio altimeter detector is required to be used for detecting finished products in installation, and whether the aircraft is in normal operation is judged from the aspect of performance indexes. And when the radio altimeter is arranged in the external field, the radio altimeter is detached and sent to a laboratory or a manufacturer for detection.
The radio altimeter detector consists of a time delay module, a control/display module and a power supply. The transceiver transmits signals to the delay module through the transmitting cable (as shown in fig. 1), the signals are subjected to different altitude simulation and the power of radio frequency signals at the corresponding altitude after passing through the delay module, and finally the signals are transmitted back to the transceiver through the receiving cable, so that the simulation of different altitudes of the aircraft in the middle of flight is realized. The control/display module is responsible for setting different parameters in the delay modules corresponding to different heights. The power module is a 28V external power supply.
The delay module is a core module of the radio altimeter detector, and the core of the delay module is to design a precise delay line to simulate the time delays corresponding to different heights. The existing delay module adopts an acoustic surface delay line, a coaxial cable, an optical fiber delay line and the like as signal delay lines. And the delay modules have the conditions of cost, quality or environmental adaptability and the like, more importantly, the delay modules of the current radio altimeter detector have fewer simulative altitude nodes, so that the finished product cannot be subjected to further performance verification when being tested before installation, and when the radio altimeter fault is met and rechecked, the simulative altitude nodes are limited, accurate detection can not be carried out on the fault point, factory return is needed, and great manpower and material resources are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a continuously adjustable radio altimeter detector, which solves the problems that the wireless altimeter cannot be subjected to more comprehensive performance detection and fault elimination detection due to limited altitude nodes and incapability of continuously adjustable altitude simulation in the traditional radio altimeter detector.
In order to realize the tasks, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a continuously adjustable radio altimeter detector comprises a control assembly, an optical transmitter, an optical receiver, a delay module, a radio frequency amplifier and a power attenuation module, wherein:
The optical transmitter comprises an input end, an optical transmitter, a delay module, a power attenuator, a power attenuation module and a control module, wherein the input end of the optical transmitter is connected with an electric signal of a radio altimeter, the output end of the optical transmitter is connected with the input end of the delay module, the output end of the delay module is connected with the input end of the optical receiver, the output end of the optical receiver is connected with the input end of the radio frequency amplifier, the output end of the radio frequency amplifier is connected with the input end of the power attenuator, the electric signal of the radio altimeter enters the delay module after entering the optical transmitter and being converted into an optical signal, the delay module receives the delay control signal output by the control module, the delay control signal is determined, the delay time of the optical signal is combined by utilizing different on-off states and mechanical delays of the optical switch, the delayed optical signal enters the optical receiver and is converted into the electric signal, and the electric signal is amplified through the radio frequency amplifier, and the power attenuation module is used for attenuating the amplified electric signal according to the attenuation control signal provided by the control module and outputting a power attenuation signal and sending the power attenuation signal to the radio altimeter.
The delay module comprises a plurality of optical switches and a plurality of sections of delay lines, wherein the optical switches are arranged on an optical path at intervals and are connected through different delay lines, when all the optical switches are closed, optical signals normally pass through the optical switches and the optical path without delay, when a certain optical switch is opened, the optical signals passing through the optical switches enter the delay lines to delay and then reach the next optical switch, and coarse delay of the optical signals at different time is realized through the combination of the delay lines with different lengths and the different optical switches, so that signal simulation with different heights is corresponding.
Further, the delay line is an optical fiber delay line with a refractive index 1.4706 of G.652 type optical fiber core having a wavelength of 1310nm and a loss of 0.31 dB/m.
Further, 1m,2m,3m,4m,10m,20m,30m,40m,100m,200m,300m,400m,1000m analog height corresponds to delay line lengths of 1.36m, 2.72m, 4.08m, 5.44m, 13.6m, 27.2m, 40.8m, 54.4m, 136m, 272m, 408m, 544 and 1360m, and the optical switch selects a magneto-optical switch.
Further, the delay control signal and the attenuation control signal of the control component are set according to actual requirements.
Further, the last optical switch of the delay module is connected with a mechanical delay device;
The device comprises a base plate, a mechanical delay device, a stepping motor, a collimator support, a last optical switch, a collimator and a collimator, wherein the stepping motor is arranged at one end of the upper surface of the base plate of the mechanical delay device, the output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with the lead screw, a guide rail is arranged on the upper surface of the base plate, a slidable pyramid prism support is arranged on the guide rail through a sliding block, the pyramid prism is arranged on the pyramid prism support, the lead screw is in threaded fit with the pyramid prism support, the lead screw is driven by the stepping motor to rotate, the pyramid prism support is driven by the pyramid prism to move on the guide rail, the collimator support is arranged on the base plate, the last optical switch is connected with the collimator arranged on the collimator support through an optical fiber, an optical signal output by the output end of the collimator is reflected by the pyramid prism, and is received by a receiving end of the collimator, and the optical signal is delayed due to the distance difference generated by propagation between the collimator and the pyramid prism, so that the optical signal is subjected to high-precision delay adjustment.
In order to ensure smooth sliding of the sliding block, a nozzle for providing lubricating oil is arranged on an end cover of the sliding block, and the lubricating oil is smeared by utilizing the oil scraping sheet.
Further, the optical receiver adopts a direct detection receiver, and the photoelectric detector in the optical receiver adopts a P I N photodiode which is insensitive to temperature change and has high response speed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical characteristics:
1. The method realizes continuous adjustable altitude simulation at the altitude of 0-2111m, is very suitable for various altitude simulation scenes when the radio altimeter performs installation experiments, and can perform specific altitude simulation with the accuracy of 0.001m when the radio altimeter is subjected to fault elimination, thereby solving the problem that the aircraft has limited simulation altitude in an external field.
2. And the power attenuation module is used for detecting the corresponding sensitivity of the radio altimeter transceiver at different analog heights.
3. The product design structure is simple, is not easy to be interfered by complex electromagnetic environments and the like, has high cost performance and stronger robustness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a connection set of radio altimeter detectors;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a delay module of a radio altimeter detector;
fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an optical transmitter;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a delay module-fiber combination module;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a mechanically tunable module in a delay module;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a corner cube structure of a mechanical delay module;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a rail structure of a mechanical delay module;
The device comprises a 1-pyramid prism, a 2-pyramid prism support, a 3 guide rail, a 4-nozzle, a 5-scraping plate, a 6-end cover, a 7-slider, an 8-steel ball, a 9-dust-proof plate, a 10-holder, an 11-collimator, a 12-collimator support, a 13-stepper motor, a 14-bottom plate, a 15-screw and 16-optical fiber.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects and aspects of the present invention clearer, it will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 2, the invention provides a novel wireless altimeter detector, which comprises a control component, an optical transmitter, an optical receiver, a delay module, a radio frequency amplifier and a power attenuation module, wherein:
The optical transmitter comprises an input end, an optical transmitter, a delay module, a power attenuation module, a radio frequency amplifier, a delay module and a control module, wherein the input end of the optical transmitter is connected with an electric signal of the radio altimeter, the output end of the optical transmitter is connected with the input end of the delay module, the output end of the delay module is connected with the input end of the optical receiver, the output end of the optical receiver is connected with the input end of the radio frequency amplifier, the output end of the radio frequency amplifier is connected with the input end of the power attenuator, the electric signal of the radio altimeter enters the delay module after entering the optical transmitter and being converted into an optical signal, the delay module receives a delay control signal output by the control module, the delay control signal is determined, different on-off and mechanical delays of the optical signal are utilized to realize different time delays of the optical signal, the delayed optical signal enters the optical receiver and is converted into the electric signal and is amplified through the radio frequency amplifier, and the power attenuation module is used for attenuating the amplified electric signal according to an attenuation control signal provided by the control component and outputting a power attenuation signal to a receiving end of the radio altimeter.
The delay control signal and the attenuation control signal of the control component are set according to actual requirements.
The delay module is a core module of the radio altimeter detector and is used for simulating signal delays of different times generated by the aircraft at different heights, and the optical transmitter module, the optical receiver module and the radio frequency amplifier module are a series of auxiliary operations which are performed for converting electric signals of the radio altimeter into signals which can be received by the delay module. The power attenuation module is used when detecting sensitivity parameters of the radio altimeter transceiver.
The optical transmitter converts the electric signal from the radio altimeter transceiver into an optical signal required by an optical fiber delay line, and inputs the optical signal into a delay module after the electric/optical conversion;
the delay module comprises a plurality of optical switches, a multi-section delay line and a high-precision Cheng Xu adjustable mechanical delay device with the precision of 0.001m meter and the measuring range of 1, wherein:
The optical switches are arranged on an optical path at intervals, each two adjacent optical switches are connected through different delay lines, the last optical switch is connected with a mechanical delay device, the optical switches have the functions that when all the optical switches are closed, optical signals normally pass through the optical switches and the optical path without delay, when one optical switch is opened, the optical signals passing through the optical switches enter the delay lines to delay and then reach the next optical switch, coarse delay of the optical signals at different time is realized through the combination of the delay lines with different lengths and the different optical switches, so that the optical signals correspond to different heights, and the delay module determines the opening and closing combination mode of the optical switches after receiving delay control signals output by the control assembly.
In this embodiment, the optical delay device is composed of 13 identical optical delay lines F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7, F8, F9, F10, F11, F12, and F13 optical switches K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, K8, K9, K10, K11, K12, K13, and K14 optical switches, and a mechanical delay device. When the optical fiber delay line adopts an optical signal as a transmission medium, an optical fiber with small transmission loss, strong electromagnetic interference resistance, small volume, small weight and stable delay performance is adopted, so the optical fiber delay line adopts an optical fiber delay line with the refractive index 1.4706 of a G.652 type optical fiber core with the wavelength of 1310nm and the loss of 0.31 dB/m. By calculation, 1m,2m,3m,4m,10m,20m,30m,40m,100m,200m,300m,400m and 1000m analog heights correspond to delay line lengths of 1.36m, 2.72m, 4.08m, 5.44m, 13.6m, 27.2m, 40.8m, 54.4m, 136m, 272m, 408m, 544 and 1360m, and the optical switch is selected from magneto-optical switches with high switching speed, small loss and simple control. Specific combinations for formulating simulated heights are as follows, 5m=1 m+4m corresponds to f1+f4,81 m=1+10m+30m+40m=f1+f5+f7+f8.
The mechanical delay device is shown in fig. 5, a stepping motor 13 is arranged at one end of the upper surface of a bottom plate 14, an output shaft of the stepping motor 13 is connected with a screw rod 15, a guide rail 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate 14, a slidable pyramid prism support 2 is arranged on the guide rail 3 through a sliding block 7, a pyramid prism 1 is arranged on the pyramid prism support 2, the screw rod 15 is in threaded fit with the pyramid prism support 2, the screw rod 15 is driven by the stepping motor 13 to rotate, the pyramid prism support 2 is driven to drive the pyramid prism 1 to move on the guide rail 3, a collimator support 12 is arranged on the bottom plate 14, a last optical switch is connected with a collimator 11 arranged on the collimator support 12 through an optical fiber 16, after the optical signal output by the output end of the collimator 11 is reflected by the pyramid prism 1, the optical signal is received by a receiving end of the collimator 11, and delay caused by a distance difference generated by propagation of the optical signal between the collimator and the pyramid prism 1 is utilized to realize high-precision delay adjustment of the optical signal.
The collimator is used for reducing the divergence angle of the light beam emitted by light emission, the insertion loss is less, the pyramid prism is used for changing the transmission line of the light beam, the stepping motor is used for changing the horizontal position of the pyramid prism, and the corresponding simulation height (delay time) is generated.
When the optical fiber collimator works, the output end of the collimator 11 emits an optical signal, the pyramid prism 1 reflects incident light in parallel and is coupled into the optical fiber 16 again for transmission by the receiving end of the collimator, and the delay amount of the light is that the distance from the pyramid prism 1 to the collimator is changed by driving a stepping motor, so that continuous adjustment is realized.
The motor considers that the diagonal cone prism has the functions of forward and reverse running, step-by-step running and the like, so that two-phase four-wire stepping is selected for control. Since the delay time of the optical transmission 1m is about 6000ps, the length of the guide rail is 500mm for the mechanical adjusting module, and the precision of each step of the stepping motor is better than 1ps, the precision of the high-precision mechanical delay module completely meets the requirement of 0.001m precision. In the embodiment, the bottom of the sliding block 7 is matched with the guide rail 3 through the steel balls 8 and the retainers 10, the bottom of the steel balls 8 is provided with the dust-proof sheet 9, and in order to ensure smooth sliding of the sliding block 7, the end cover 6 of the sliding block 7 is provided with the oil nozzle 4 for providing the lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil is smeared by the oil scraping sheet 5.
The optical receiver is used for proportionally converting an optical signal carrying information into an electric signal, so that a current mature direct detection receiver is adopted, a photo detector in the optical receiver adopts a PI N photodiode which is insensitive to temperature change and has high response speed, the radio frequency electric signal is amplified after photoelectric conversion, the amplified radio frequency electric signal is sent to a power attenuation module, the power attenuation module attenuates the electric signal according to a power attenuation value sent by a control component, and finally the electric signal is input into a receiving port of a transceiver of the radio altimeter.