CN119436865A - A full-process CO2 collaborative treatment process system and control method - Google Patents
A full-process CO2 collaborative treatment process system and control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本申请涉及一种全流程的CO协同治理工艺系统及控制方法，烧结机的每个风箱连通有排出烟气的风箱烟道，前端内循环系统包括内循环总烟道、内循环除尘器和余热回收装置，每路风箱烟道的烟气经内循环总烟道汇成一路循环烟气，进入内循环除尘器和余热回收装置，通过集气罩返回到烧结料面重新参与烧结；末端净化系统包括外排烟气总烟道、外排烟气除尘器、脱硫反应装置和NOx‑CO反应装置；每路风箱烟道的烟气经外排烟气总烟道汇成外排烟气，进入外排烟气除尘器、脱硫反应装置和NOx‑CO反应装置；动态管控系统调整风箱烟道中的烧结烟气流量开度，使进入末端净化系统烟气CO浓度维持稳定。本申请工艺系统能够保证系统高效稳定运行，实现出口烟气CO浓度的稳定达标排放。
The present application relates to a full-process CO coordinated governance process system and control method. Each wind box of the sintering machine is connected to a wind box flue for exhausting flue gas. The front-end internal circulation system includes an internal circulation main flue, an internal circulation dust collector and a waste heat recovery device. The flue gas from each wind box flue is merged into a circulating flue gas through the internal circulation main flue, enters the internal circulation dust collector and the waste heat recovery device, and returns to the sintering material surface through the gas collecting hood to participate in sintering again; the terminal purification system includes an external exhaust flue gas main flue, an external exhaust flue gas dust collector, a desulfurization reaction device and a NOx-CO reaction device; the flue gas from each wind box flue is merged into an external exhaust flue gas through the external exhaust flue gas main flue, enters the external exhaust flue gas dust collector, the desulfurization reaction device and the NOx-CO reaction device; the dynamic control system adjusts the sintering flue gas flow opening in the wind box flue to maintain a stable CO concentration in the flue gas entering the terminal purification system. The process system of the present application can ensure the efficient and stable operation of the system and achieve stable and standard emission of CO concentration in the outlet flue gas.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of metallurgical environmental protection, in particular to a full-flow CO cooperative treatment process system and a control method.
Background
The total amount of CO discharged by the existing national steel sintering machine per year reaches 5000-6000 ten thousand tons, and the treatment of the CO in the sintering flue gas becomes complicated due to the characteristics of large flue gas amount, complex components, large fluctuation range of temperature and CO content and the like. The sintering process is a 'heavy disaster area' where CO is discharged in the steel industry, and the reasons for the production are insufficient combustion of sintering materials, wave-multiple reaction (carbon and carbon dioxide reaction), direct reduction of ferric oxide, water gas reaction and other chemical reactions.
The existing technology for removing CO from steel sintering flue gas has the following problems:
The flue gas circulation system has low efficiency and poor working condition adaptability, is easy to influence the yield and quality of the sinter, reduces pollutants only by the flue gas circulation, has limited circulating flue gas quantity, and ensures that the flue gas pollutant content of each bellows fluctuates greatly, so that the removal efficiency of flue gas CO is unstable.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a CO collaborative treatment process system and a control method for the whole process to solve the technical problems set forth above.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the method, the whole-flow CO cooperative treatment process system and the control method are provided, the CO concentration of the source, the process and the tail end can be intelligently regulated and controlled in the whole flow, the efficient and stable operation of the system is ensured, and the stable standard emission of the CO concentration of the outlet flue gas is realized.
The application provides a full-flow CO collaborative treatment process system for treating sintering flue gas discharged by a sintering machine, which comprises a front end internal circulation system, a tail end purification system and a dynamic management and control system, wherein each bellows of the sintering machine is correspondingly communicated with a bellows flue of the discharged flue gas, the sintering flue gas in each bellows flue can be selected to go away from the front end internal circulation route of the front end internal circulation system or the tail end purification route of the tail end purification system under the management and control of the dynamic management and control system, the front end internal circulation system comprises an internal circulation total flue gas circulating dust remover, a waste heat recovery system and a waste heat recovery device, the sintering flue gas in each bellows flue gas is collected into one circulation flue gas through the internal circulation total flue gas and sequentially enters the internal circulation dust remover and the waste heat recovery device to be treated, the sintering flue gas is returned to the sintering surface of the sintering machine through a gas collecting hood, the tail end purification system comprises an external flue gas total flue gas, an external gas dust remover, a reaction device and a CO reaction device, the concentration of each bellows can be adjusted according to the predicted by the exhaust gas concentration of the exhaust gas in the dynamic total flue gas circulating dust removing system, the CO concentration of each bellows is sequentially discharged into the tail end of the sintering machine, and the CO concentration of the tail end flue gas is stably discharged into the sintering flue gas is stably treated by the exhaust system.
The dynamic control system can adjust the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat recovery device according to the flue gas flow and the CO concentration of the circulating flue gas.
Preferably, the tail end purification system further comprises a GGH heat exchanger, wherein the GGH heat exchanger is arranged in front of the NOx-CO reaction device and is used for recovering heat released by the treatment of the discharged flue gas by the NOx-CO reaction device so as to reduce the gas consumption of the heater, and the heater is arranged between the GGH heat exchanger and the NOx-CO reaction device and is used for heating the discharged flue gas.
Preferably, the NOx-CO reaction device comprises a reactor body, wherein a denitration catalyst is filled and placed at the upper layer of the reactor body, and a CO removal catalyst is filled and placed at the lower layer of the reactor body.
The CO removal catalyst is preferably a non-noble metal catalyst, wherein the non-noble metal catalyst adopts non-noble metal elements of transition metal as active components, rare earth metal as a cocatalyst and an oxygen storage material, tiO2 and glass fiber as a carrier and a framework, and the active components are dispersed on the surface of a TiO2 carrier material by nano metal particles.
The method comprises the steps of setting a first electric executing valve and a second electric executing valve on a bellows flue, wherein the first electric executing valve and the second electric executing valve are both in communication connection with a dynamic control system, the first electric executing valve is used for controlling communication between the bellows flue and an internal circulation main flue so as to achieve a front-end internal circulation route of a front-end internal circulation system, and the second electric executing valve is used for controlling communication between the bellows flue and an external exhaust main flue so as to achieve a tail-end purification route of a tail-end purification system.
The dynamic control system can dynamically adjust the valve opening of the first electric executing valve according to the real-time detection of the concentration of CO entering the front-end internal circulation system by the internal circulation on-line detection instrument.
The application also provides a control method of the whole-flow CO cooperative treatment process system, which comprises the following steps:
Detecting the concentration of CO entering a wind box flue from a wind box of the sintering machine;
Determining whether the concentration of CO in each path of the bellows flue exceeds a preset threshold value;
If the concentration of CO in any one of the bellows flues exceeds a preset threshold, controlling the sintering flue gas in the bellows flues to pass through a front-end internal circulation system, and the remaining sintering flue gas in the bellows flues to pass through a tail-end purification system, wherein the total internal circulation flue gas flow of the front-end internal circulation system is set to be 25-30% lower than the preset threshold, and if the total internal circulation flue gas flow is 25-30% higher than the preset threshold, controlling part of flue gas with relatively lower CO concentration in the bellows flues to enter the tail-end purification system.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of controlling the sintering flue gas in the bellows flue to pass through the front end internal circulation system if the concentration of CO in any one of the bellows flues exceeds a preset threshold value, and the other remaining sintering flue gas in the bellows flues to pass through the tail end purification system, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
If the concentration of CO in any one of the bellows flues exceeds a preset threshold, controlling the opening of a first electric executing valve in the bellows flues to gradually increase and controlling a second electric executing valve to gradually decrease until the total internal circulation smoke flow reaches the preset threshold 25-30% or the concentration of CO in the smoke entering the tail end purification system reaches the preset concentration.
The method comprises the following steps of detecting the concentration of CO entering the front-end internal circulation system on line by using an internal circulation on-line detection instrument, and controlling the opening of a first electric execution valve (121) in the bellows flue by a dynamic control system according to terminal data prediction of the sintering machine and the concentration of CO entering the front-end internal circulation system.
The application has at least the following beneficial effects:
The dynamic control system can monitor the CO concentration change of each bellows in real time according to sintering conditions such as ingredients, material layer thickness and the like, under the premise of not affecting the product and quality of the sinter, the bellows flue gas with higher CO concentration is processed by the front-end inner circulation system, is treated by the inner circulation dust remover and the waste heat recovery device of the front-end inner circulation system, is uniformly guided by the gas collecting hood and then is sent back to the material surface of the sintering machine to participate in the sintering process again, the bellows flue gas with lower CO concentration is subjected to the tail end purification system, is sequentially treated by the outer flue gas dust remover, the desulfurization reaction device and the NOx-CO reaction device of the tail end purification system, and is discharged after entering the outer flue gas chimney after being treated, the source, the process and the tail end CO concentration change are regulated and controlled by the dynamic control system, so that the system can be adapted to operate under any working conditions, the problems of low efficiency, instability, high tail end cost and the like of the circulating flue gas system are effectively solved, stable operation of the system is ensured, stable and standard emission of the CO concentration of an outlet flue gas is ensured, and a treatment standard is ensured, and a treatment space is reserved for future.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a CO-treatment process system in the present embodiment.
The device comprises the following components of 10, a sintering machine, 11, a bellows, 12, a bellows flue, 121, a first electric execution valve, 122, a second electric execution valve, 123, an internal circulation on-line detection instrument, 20, a front end internal circulation system, 21, an internal circulation main flue, 22, an internal circulation dust remover, 23, a waste heat recovery device, 24, a gas collecting hood, 25, an internal circulation fan, 30, a tail end purification system, 31, an external exhaust gas main flue, 32, an external exhaust gas dust remover, 33, a desulfurization reaction device, 34, a NOx-CO reaction device, 35, a GGH heat exchanger, 36, a heater, 37, an external exhaust fan, 38, a smoke exhaust fan, 40, a dynamic management and control system and 50, and an external exhaust chimney.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
It should be noted that, the illustrations provided in the present embodiment merely illustrate the basic concept of the present application by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present application are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complex.
The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are shown only in connection with the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the application, since any modification, variation in proportions, or adjustment of the size, etc. of the structures, proportions, etc. should be considered as falling within the spirit and scope of the application, without affecting the effect or achievement of the objective.
References in this specification to orientations or positional relationships as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "intermediate", "longitudinal", "transverse", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "radial", "circumferential", etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are also for convenience of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore are not to be construed as limiting the application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The embodiment of the application provides a full-flow CO cooperative treatment process system and a control method, wherein the full-flow intelligent regulation and control can adapt to sintering load change and CO change in flue gas through the two-stage decarburization cooperative treatment of a dynamic management and control system, a front-end internal circulation system and a tail-end purification system, the high-efficiency stable operation of the system is ensured, the stable standard-reaching emission of the CO concentration of the outlet flue gas is realized, and a transformation space is reserved for the emission standard upgraded in the future.
Referring to fig. 1, the process system is used for treating sintering flue gas exhausted by a sintering machine 10, and mainly comprises a front-end internal circulation system 20, a tail-end purification system 30 and a dynamic management and control system 40; wherein, each bellows 11 of the sintering machine 10 is correspondingly communicated with a bellows flue 12 for exhausting flue gas, and the sintering flue gas in each bellows flue 12 can be selected to travel a front end internal circulation route of the front end internal circulation system 20 or a tail end purification route of the tail end purification system 30 under the control of the dynamic control system 40; the front end internal circulation system 20 comprises an internal circulation main flue 21, an internal circulation dust remover 22 and a waste heat recovery device 23, wherein the sintering flue gas of each air box flue 12 is converged into one path of circulation flue gas through the internal circulation main flue 21, enters the internal circulation dust remover 22 and the waste heat recovery device 23 for treatment under the action of the internal circulation fan 25, is discharged by the waste heat recovery device 23 and is uniformly guided by a gas collecting cover 24 and then is sent back to the sintering material surface of the sintering machine 10 for re-participation in the sintering process, the tail end purification system 30 comprises an external exhaust flue gas main flue 31, an external exhaust gas dust remover 32, a desulfurization reaction device 33 and a NOx-CO reaction device 34, the sintering flue gas of each air box flue 12 is converged into one path of external exhaust flue gas through the external exhaust flue gas main flue 31 and sequentially enters the external exhaust gas dust remover 32, the desulfurization reaction device 33 and the NOx-CO reaction device 34 for treatment, the treated external exhaust gas enters the external exhaust gas chimney 50 for discharge, the dynamic control system 40 can predict the CO concentration change of each air box 11 according to terminal data of the sintering machine 10 and dynamically adjust the internal circulation flue gas quantity in each air box flue 12, the CO concentration of the flue gas entering the end purification system 30 is kept stable.
Aiming at the problems of low efficiency, poor working condition adaptability and easiness in influencing the yield and quality of sintered ores of a flue gas circulation system in the prior art, the embodiment provides a full-flow CO collaborative treatment process system, which carries out two-stage decarburization collaborative treatment by using a dynamic management and control system 40, a front-end internal circulation system 20 and a tail end purification system 30, can intelligently regulate and control the concentration of CO at the source, the process and the tail end in the full-flow process, ensure the high-efficiency stable operation of the system, realize stable standard-reaching emission of the concentration of CO in the outlet flue gas, realize the reduction of CO 2 emission of 25 kg/ton steel in the sintering process while meeting the CO emission requirement through dynamic regulation, obviously reduce the CO and NOx emission, and reduce the escape of ammonia and the ammonium salt emission. The dynamic control system 40 monitors the CO concentration change of each bellows 11 in real time according to the sintering conditions such as the burden and the material layer thickness of the sintering machine 10, and on the premise of not affecting the product and the quality of the sintering ore, the dynamic control system controls the sintering flue gas with higher CO concentration in the bellows flue 12 to select to go away from the front end internal circulation system 20, the sintering flue gas enters the sintering material surface of the sintering machine 10 again after being treated by the internal circulation dust remover 22 and the waste heat recovery device 23 to participate in the sintering process again, and controls the sintering flue gas with lower CO concentration in the bellows flue 12 to select to go away from the tail end purification system 30, the part of the sintering flue gas is sequentially treated by the external flue gas dust remover 32, the desulfurization reaction device 33 and the NOx-CO reaction device 34, and the treated external flue gas is discharged after reaching the standard through the external flue gas chimney 50, thereby the dynamic control system 40 can dynamically adjust the internal circulation flue gas quantity in each bellows flue 12, namely realize the opening of the flow of the sintering flue gas by controlling the valve opening, so that the CO concentration of the tail end purification system 30 is kept stable, in other words, the difficulty of the initial oxidation of CO concentration in the sintering is reduced according to the change of the sintering load, the initial CO concentration is reduced, the CO concentration is stably controlled, and the CO concentration is stably controlled and the CO concentration is reduced synergistically.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that the dynamic management and control system 40 collects a large amount of data from the equipment terminal of the sintering machine 10, transmits the obtained data to the data model, continuously performs dynamic adjustment based on self-learning of the data, and transmits the obtained result to the dynamic management and control system 40, and the dynamic management and control system 40 performs diagnosis, prediction, decision-making, and transmits instructions to the sintering equipment. Specifically, the combustion condition of each layer of material layer is calculated through thermodynamic simulation according to data such as material layer, material thickness and temperature collected by terminal equipment of the sintering machine 10, the air permeability curve of each air box 11 is predicted according to the combustion condition, the air permeability curve mainly expresses the relation between the smoke flow Q and the material layer delta P, the material layer delta P is related to the combustion degree of the material layer, when the material layer is burnt thoroughly, the air permeability is good, at the moment, delta P between the upper layer and the lower layer of the material layer is small, the sufficient CO concentration is also indicated to be burnt, then the smoke flow Q in the air box 11 can be controlled according to the air permeability curve, therefore, the smoke flow Q of each air box 11 is distributed according to the air permeability curve, for example, the CO concentration in the air box 11 is high, the smoke of the air box 11 is controlled to be in internal circulation, the opening degree of a valve in an air box flue 12 connected with the air box 11 is controlled to be gradually increased, and the smoke flow of the internal circulation is increased.
The air permeability curve is mainly obtained by constructing nonlinear relations of raw material properties, operation parameters, state parameters and air permeability states, analyzing the air permeability correlation of a material layer, analyzing the influence degree of each parameter of the current working condition on the air permeability, obtaining the air permeability of the sintering process through an air permeability formula, obtaining the air permeability and flow of each position through an air box 11 corresponding to the air permeability formula, obtaining the air permeability curves of the air boxes 11 at different positions in the sintering process, monitoring the material layer delta P in each air box 11 in the sintering production process, and adjusting the opening degree of each valve in the air box flue 12 to adjust the flue gas flow Q.
The formula of air permeability is mainly as follows:
wherein, the gas permeability is K gas, ;
Q is the flow rate of the flue gas,;
ΔP-the pressure drop produced by the permeation of gas through the porous material, KPa;
a-area of the test area of the specimen,
In this embodiment, it should be further noted that the waste heat recovery device 23 is communicatively connected to the dynamic control system 40, and the dynamic control system 40 can adjust the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat recovery device 23 according to the flow rate and the CO concentration of the circulating flue gas. The circulating flue gas enters the waste heat recovery device 23 for waste heat recovery after being subjected to dust removal treatment by the inner circulating dust remover 22 so as to reduce the flue gas temperature of the circulating flue gas, and the inner circulating fan 25 is arranged behind the waste heat recovery device 23. The use of the waste heat recovery device 23 can control and reduce the temperature of the smoke of the circulating smoke, reduce the amount of the working condition smoke entering the sintering material surface, and increase the total amount of the smoke under the working condition of the internal circulating smoke while guaranteeing the yield and the quality of the sintered ore, thereby reducing the outlet concentration of CO. For example, the flue gas flow rate in the internal circulation main flue 21 is 200000Nm 3/h, the flue gas temperature is 300 ℃, the converted working condition is about 419700m 3/h under the condition of not considering the atmospheric pressure, the flue gas temperature is reduced after passing through the waste heat recovery device 23, when the temperature is reduced to 200 ℃, the converted working condition is about 346500 m 3/h, and the bellows pipeline 12 is used for accommodating the flue gas quantity of 500000m 3, so that the use of the waste heat recovery device 23 can control the temperature of the internal circulation flue gas, reduce the working condition flue gas quantity returned to the sintering material surface, and increase the total amount of the internal circulation flue gas. The total route of the front-end internal circulation system 20 is that the sintering flue gas bellows 11, the dynamic control system 40, the internal circulation dust remover 22, the waste heat recovery device 23, the internal circulation fan 25 and the gas collecting hood 24 return to the material surface.
In one implementation manner, the waste heat recovery device 23 may be a gas-liquid contact type, and may specifically include a recovery tower, where an air outlet is provided at the top of the recovery tower, an air inlet is provided at the bottom of the recovery tower, and a spray pipe is further provided in the recovery tower, where the spray pipe can be supplied with liquid from the outside, and an electric valve is provided on the spray pipe, and the electric valve is controlled by the dynamic control system 40, so that the electric valve is controlled to be opened by the dynamic control system 40, and the spray pipe sprays an absorbing liquid from top to bottom in the recovery tower, and the absorbing liquid sprays the rising circulating flue gas, so as to absorb the temperature of the circulating flue gas, and play a role in reducing the temperature of the circulating flue gas. The dynamic control system 40 can adjust the start and stop of the waste heat recovery device 23 according to the flue gas temperature of the circulating flue gas, namely, the start of the electric valve is controlled, if the flue gas temperature of the circulating flue gas is higher, the dynamic control system 40 controls the electric valve of the waste heat recovery device 23 to be opened, spray liquid is sprayed into the waste heat recovery device 23 to absorb the circulating flue gas, if the flue gas temperature is lower, the dynamic control system 40 controls the electric valve of the waste heat recovery device 23 to stop, and at the moment, the circulating flue gas does not carry out waste heat recovery, and of course, the valve opening of the electric valve of the waste heat recovery device 23 can also be controlled to adjust the flow of spraying.
In this embodiment, it should be further noted that the end purification system 30 further includes a GGH (Gas Gas Heater) heat exchanger 35, a heater 36, an external exhaust fan 37 and an exhaust fan 38, the external exhaust fan 37 is disposed between the external exhaust dust collector 32 and the desulfurization reaction device 33 for sucking the sintering flue gas in the wind box 11 into the end purification system 30, the GGH heat exchanger 35 is disposed between the desulfurization reaction device 33 and the NOx-CO reaction device 34, that is, before the NOx-CO reaction device 34, for recovering heat released by the external exhaust gas through the NOx-CO reaction device 34 to reduce the gas consumption of the heater 36, the heater 36 is disposed between the GGH heat exchanger 35 and the NOx-CO reaction device 34, for heating the external exhaust gas, preferably, the heater 36 may be a heating furnace, and the exhaust fan 38 is disposed between the GGH heat exchanger 35 and the external exhaust gas chimney 50, for discharging the clean flue gas after the treatment by the NOx-CO reaction device 34 and the GGH heat exchanger 35. The externally discharged sintering flue gas enters the NOx-CO reaction device 34 after being desulfurized by the desulfurization reaction device 33, NOx and CO are removed successively, the released heat is utilized by waste heat through the GGH heat exchanger 35 for supplementing the flue gas temperature of the denitration inlet, and then the clean flue gas enters the externally discharged chimney 50 to be discharged under the action of the smoke exhaust fan 38. Therefore, the total route of the tail end purification system 30 is the sintering flue gas bellows 11, the dynamic management and control system 40, the external flue gas dust remover 32, the external exhaust fan 37, the desulfurization reaction device 33, the GGH heat exchanger 35 (raw flue gas), the heater 36, the NOx reaction layer 341, the CO reaction layer 342, the GGH heat exchanger 35 (clean flue gas), the flue gas fan 38, the external exhaust chimney 50 and the purified flue gas, thereby improving the heat recovery efficiency and saving the gas.
In some embodiments, the NOx-CO reaction device 34 includes a reactor body, the upper layer of the reactor body is a NOx reaction layer 341, the denitration catalyst is filled and placed, the lower layer of the reactor body is a CO reaction layer 342, the denitration catalyst is filled and placed, the reactor body is provided with three layers, two of which are used for placing the denitration catalyst, and the remaining one layer is used as a standby layer, and in this embodiment, the denitration catalyst is placed on the standby layer. Preferably, the CO removal catalyst adopts a non-noble metal catalyst, the non-noble metal catalyst adopts a non-noble metal element of transition metal as an active component, rare earth metal as a cocatalyst and an oxygen storage material, tiO2 and glass fiber as a carrier and a framework, wherein the active component is dispersed on the surface of the TiO2 carrier material by nano metal particles to form a special material surface structure effect, and a special process is introduced to improve the oxygen storage capacity and CO adsorption capacity of the material.
In this embodiment, it should be further noted that the bellows flue 12 is provided with a first electric executing valve 121 and a second electric executing valve 122, where the first electric executing valve 121 and the second electric executing valve 122 are both communicatively connected to the dynamic control system 40, the first electric executing valve 121 is used for controlling the communication between the bellows flue 12 and the internal circulation main flue 21 to realize the front end internal circulation route of the sintering flue gas front end internal circulation system 20, and the second electric executing valve 122 is used for controlling the communication between the bellows flue 12 and the external exhaust main flue gas 31 to realize the terminal purification route of the sintering flue gas front end purification system 30. The dynamic control system 40 can monitor the CO concentration change in each bellows flue 12 in real time according to the sintering conditions such as ingredients, material layer thickness and the like, and simultaneously control the opening of a valve on the bellows flue 12, so that the sintering flue gas in the bellows flue 12 with higher CO concentration is subjected to internal circulation under the premise of not influencing the product and quality of the sintering ore, is treated by the internal circulation dust remover 22 and then is guided back to the sintering material surface by the gas collecting hood 24 under the action of the internal circulation fan 25, the sintering flue gas in the bellows flue 12 with lower CO concentration is subjected to the tail end purification system 30, passes through the external flue gas dust remover 32 and then enters the desulfurization reaction device 33, the GGH heat exchanger 35 (raw flue gas), the heater 36, the NOx reaction layer 341, the CO reaction layer 342, the GGH heat exchanger 35 (clean flue gas), the smoke exhaust fan 38 and the external exhaust chimney 50 in sequence under the action of the external exhaust fan 37.
In some embodiments, the bellows flue 12 is further provided with an internal circulation on-line detection instrument 123, the internal circulation on-line detection instrument 123 is disposed behind the first electric execution valve 121 and is in communication with the dynamic control system 40, and the dynamic control system 40 can dynamically adjust the valve opening of the first electric execution valve 121 according to the real-time detection of the CO concentration entering the front-end internal circulation system 20 by the internal circulation on-line detection instrument 123.
In this embodiment, a control method of a CO-treatment process system according to the whole flow is also provided, and the control method includes the following steps:
step 1, detecting the concentration of CO entering a bellows flue 12 from a bellows 11 of a sintering machine 10;
In the present embodiment, the change in the concentration of CO entering the windbox flue 12 from the windbox 11 of the sintering machine 10 is detected by using a CO concentration detection meter, and a signal of the change in the concentration of CO is transmitted to the dynamic management and control system 40.
Step 2, determining whether the concentration of CO in each air box flue 12 exceeds a preset threshold value, if the concentration of CO in any air box flue 12 exceeds the preset threshold value, controlling the sintering flue gas in the air box flue 12 to go through the front end internal circulation system 20, and remaining the flue gas tail end purification systems 30 in other air box flues 12, wherein the total internal circulation flue gas flow of the front end internal circulation system 20 is set to be lower than an initial threshold value by 25-30%, and if the total internal circulation flue gas flow is higher than the initial threshold value by 25-30%, controlling part of flue gas with relatively low concentration of CO in the air box flue 12 to enter the tail end purification system 30.
In this embodiment, the dynamic control system 40 receives the CO concentration signal in each air box flue 12 transmitted from the CO concentration detection instrument, and determines whether the CO concentration in each air box flue 12 exceeds a preset threshold, if any air box flue 12 exists, the dynamic control system 40 controls the opening of the first electric executing valve 121 in the air box flue 12 to gradually increase, and the second electric executing valve 122 to gradually decrease, until the total internal circulation flue gas flow reaches the preset threshold 25-30%, or the CO concentration of the flue gas entering the terminal purification system 30 reaches the preset concentration.
The dynamic management and control system 40 controls the first electric executing valve 121 in the rest other paths of the fan box flue 12 to gradually decrease to be closed, and the second electric executing valve 122 to gradually increase. The preset threshold value, the preset threshold value and the preset concentration can be set according to actual CO concentration requirements and are not fixed.
And 3, online detecting the concentration of CO entering the front-end internal circulation system 20 by using an internal circulation online detecting instrument 123, and controlling the opening of the first electric executing valve 121 in the air box flue 12 by the dynamic control system 40 according to the terminal data of the sintering machine 10 and the concentration of CO entering the front-end internal circulation system 20.
In this embodiment, the dynamic management and control system 40 in this embodiment may further control the valve opening degrees of the first electric actuator valve 121 and the second electric actuator valve 122.
Specifically, if the internal circulation on-line detection instrument 123 is used to detect the concentration of CO entering the front end internal circulation system 20 on line, the valve opening of the first electric execution valve 121 in the wind box flue 12 is controlled according to the terminal data analysis prediction of the dynamic management and control system 40 and the concentration of CO entering the front end internal circulation system 20. For example, in the sintering production process, the combustion condition of the material layer can be known by monitoring the material layer Δp in each air box 11, then the opening degree of each valve (the first electric executing valve 121 and the second electric executing valve 122) in the air box flue 12 can be adjusted according to the material layer Δp, if the material layer Δp is smaller, the surface combustion is more thorough, then the concentration of CO is lower, then the opening degree of the first electric executing valve 121 in the air box flue 12 is gradually reduced, the second electric executing valve 122 is gradually increased, so that the CO with low concentration is sent to the tail end purification system 30, and if the material layer Δp is larger, the ventilation degree of surface combustion is not high, then the concentration of CO is also higher, then the opening degree of the first electric executing valve 121 in the air box flue 12 is gradually increased, the second electric executing valve 122 is gradually reduced, and the high concentration of CO is sent to the front end internal circulation system 20.
The valve opening of the second electrically operated valve 122 in each of the damper boxes 12 can also be controlled based on the initial CO concentration entering the end purification system 30, i.e., the end NOx-CO reaction device 34, by on-line detection of the initial CO concentration entering the end purification system 30 using an end on-line detector (not shown) provided on the main flue 31.
In the existing process flow, the efficiency of removing CO by adopting the source process to treat the flue gas is low, the fluctuation of working conditions is large, the treatment effect is limited, the terminal treatment is carried out by adopting a noble metal catalyst, the cost is high, the service life is short, and meanwhile, the reactor needs to be modified, so that the system resistance is increased; according to the embodiment of the application, the dynamic control system 40, the front end internal circulation system 20 and the tail end purification system 30 are used for two-stage decarburization cooperative treatment, the dynamic control system 40 collects data from a sintering terminal, the CO concentration change of each bellows is accurately predicted, the internal circulation flue gas quantity of each bellows is dynamically adjusted, the CO concentration of the exhaust flue gas after sintering is ensured to be stable, the tail end treatment cost is reduced, the cooperative treatment of a non-noble metal catalytic oxidation technology is matched, the consumption of blast furnace gas is reduced, the problems of high cost, large transformation and the like of the existing tail end treatment technology can be solved, waste heat recovery is carried out, the consumption of gas and ammonia water is saved, the consumption of coke powder can be reduced by 5% -10%, the production cost is reduced, the initial concentration of tail end CO treatment is reduced, and the cooperative treatment and transformation of the tail end catalytic oxidation are small, and the method is economical and efficient.
Taking 265m 2 sintering as an example, the sintering smoke volume is 120 ten thousand Nm 3/h, the inlet CO concentration is about 9000 mg/Nm 3, the CO concentration in each bellows fluctuates within 7000 mg/Nm 3~11000 mg/Nm3, the dynamic management and control system 40 predicts the CO concentration change condition of the smoke of each bellows according to the sintering working conditions such as ingredients, material layer thickness and the like, the concentration feedback of the bellows on-line monitoring is combined, the valve opening of each bellows is finely adjusted, the smoke with high CO concentration is internally circulated, the internal circulation smoke temperature is controlled, and the maximum circulation smoke volume is ensured not to exceed 40 ten thousand Nm 3/h. Through source and process control, the CO concentration of the flue gas entering the terminal treatment system is stabilized between 4500 mg/Nm 3~5000 mg/Nm3, and under the cooperative treatment of the terminal catalytic oxidation technology, the CO concentration of the outlet flue gas is about 2500 mg/Nm 3, so that the consumption of two thirds of blast furnace gas is reduced.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The full-flow CO cooperative treatment process system is used for treating sintering flue gas exhausted by a sintering machine (10) and is characterized by comprising a front-end internal circulation system (20), a tail-end purification system (30) and a dynamic management and control system (40);
each bellows (11) of the sintering machine (10) is correspondingly communicated with a bellows flue (12) for discharging flue gas, and the sintering flue gas in each bellows flue (12) can be selected to travel a front end internal circulation route of the front end internal circulation system (20) or a tail end purification route of the tail end purification system (30) under the control of the dynamic control system (40);
the front-end internal circulation system (20) comprises an internal circulation main flue (21), an internal circulation dust remover (22) and a waste heat recovery device (23), wherein the sintering flue gas of each path of the bellows flue (12) is converged into one path of circulation flue gas through the internal circulation main flue (21), and sequentially enters the internal circulation dust remover (22) and the waste heat recovery device (23) for treatment, and returns to the sintering material surface of the sintering machine (10) through a gas collecting hood (24) to participate in the sintering process again;
The tail end purification system (30) comprises an outer exhaust gas main flue (31), an outer exhaust gas dust remover (32), a desulfurization reaction device (33) and a NOx-CO reaction device (34), wherein the sintering flue gas of each path of the bellows flue (12) is converged into one path of outer exhaust gas through the outer exhaust gas main flue (31), and sequentially enters the outer exhaust gas dust remover (32), the desulfurization reaction device (33) and the NOx-CO reaction device (34) for treatment, and the treated outer exhaust gas enters an outer exhaust chimney (50) for discharge;
The dynamic control system (40) can predict the CO concentration change of each bellows (11) according to the terminal data of the sintering machine (10), and dynamically adjust the internal circulation smoke volume in each bellows flue (12) to keep the CO concentration of the smoke entering the terminal purification system (30) stable.
2. The full-flow CO-remediation process system of claim 1, wherein,
The waste heat recovery device (23) is in communication connection with the dynamic management and control system (40);
The dynamic control system (40) can adjust the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the waste heat recovery device (23) according to the flue gas flow and the CO concentration of the circulating flue gas.
3. The full-flow CO-remediation process system of claim 1, wherein,
The end purification system (30) further comprises a GGH heat exchanger (35) and a heater (36);
The GGH heat exchanger (35) is arranged in front of the NOx-CO reaction device (34) and is used for recovering heat released by the treatment of the discharged flue gas by the NOx-CO reaction device (34) so as to reduce the gas consumption of the heater (36);
The heater (36) is arranged between the GGH heat exchanger (35) and the NOx-CO reaction device (34) and is used for heating the exhaust fume.
4. The full-flow CO-remediation process system of claim 3, wherein,
The NOx-CO reaction device (34) comprises a reactor body;
The upper layer of the reactor body is filled with a denitration catalyst;
and the lower layer of the reactor body is filled with a CO removal catalyst.
5. The full-flow CO-remediation process system of claim 4, wherein,
The CO removal catalyst adopts a non-noble metal catalyst;
the non-noble metal catalyst adopts non-noble metal elements of transition metal as active components, rare earth metal as a cocatalyst and an oxygen storage material, tiO2 and glass fiber as a carrier and a framework, wherein the active components are dispersed on the surface of a TiO2 carrier material by nano metal particles.
6. The full-flow CO-remediation process system of claim 1, wherein,
A first electric execution valve (121) and a second electric execution valve (122) are arranged on the bellows flue (12), and the first electric execution valve (121) and the second electric execution valve (122) are both in communication connection with the dynamic management and control system (40);
The first electric executing valve (121) is used for controlling the communication between the bellows flue (12) and the internal circulation main flue (21) so as to realize the front-end internal circulation route of the front-end internal circulation system (20) for sintering flue gas;
The second electric executing valve (122) is used for controlling the communication between the bellows flue (12) and the total flue (31) for discharging the flue gas, so as to realize the tail end purifying route of the tail end purifying system (30) for sintering flue gas.
7. The full-flow CO-remediation process system of claim 6, wherein,
An internal circulation on-line detection instrument (123) is further arranged on the bellows flue (12), and the internal circulation on-line detection instrument (123) is arranged behind the first electric execution valve (121) and is in communication connection with the dynamic management and control system (40);
the dynamic control system (40) can dynamically adjust the valve opening of the first electric executing valve (121) according to the real-time detection of the concentration of CO entering the front-end internal circulation system (20) by the internal circulation on-line detection instrument (123).
8. A control method of a full-process CO-remediation process system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the control method comprising the steps of:
Detecting the concentration of CO entering a bellows flue (12) from a bellows (11) of a sintering machine (10);
Determining whether the concentration of CO in each path of the bellows flue (12) exceeds a preset threshold;
If the concentration of CO in any one of the bellows flues (12) exceeds a preset threshold value, controlling the sintering flue gas in the bellows flues (12) to go away from the front-end internal circulation system (20), and the sintering flue gas in the rest of the bellows flues (12) to go away from the tail-end purification system (30);
And if the total internal circulation smoke flow of the front-end internal circulation system (20) is lower than the preset threshold value by 25-30%, controlling part of smoke with relatively low CO concentration in the bellows flue (12) to enter the tail end purification system (30).
9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized by further comprising the step of:
If the concentration of CO in any one of the bellows flues (12) exceeds a preset threshold, controlling the sintering flue gas in the bellows flues (12) to go to the front end internal circulation system (20), and the remaining sintering flue gas in the bellows flues (12) to go to the tail end purification system (30), wherein the method comprises the following steps:
If the concentration of CO in any one of the bellows flues (12) exceeds a preset threshold, controlling the opening of a first electric executing valve (121) in the bellows flues (12) to gradually increase and the opening of a second electric executing valve (122) to gradually decrease until the total internal circulation smoke flow reaches the preset threshold of 25-30% or the concentration of CO in the smoke entering the tail end purification system (30) reaches the preset concentration.
10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized by further comprising the step of:
And the dynamic control system (40) predicts and controls the valve opening of a first electric execution valve (121) in the bellows flue (12) according to terminal data of the sintering machine (10) and the CO concentration entering the front end internal circulation system (20).
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