CN119384933B - A film covering mechanism for a film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth - Google Patents
A film covering mechanism for a film covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depthInfo
- Publication number
- CN119384933B CN119384933B CN202411670347.7A CN202411670347A CN119384933B CN 119384933 B CN119384933 B CN 119384933B CN 202411670347 A CN202411670347 A CN 202411670347A CN 119384933 B CN119384933 B CN 119384933B
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- China
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- film
- plate
- fixedly connected
- rice transplanter
- rod
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/003—Transplanting machines for aquatic plants; for planting underwater, e.g. rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/006—Other parts or details or planting machines
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种可自适应调节插秧深度的覆膜插秧机覆膜机构，包括插秧机本体，插秧机本体的后方插秧机横梁的下方安装有用于挂膜的挂膜机构，挂膜机构包括有离地高度可调的挂膜架，挂膜架的后方设置有压膜机构，压膜机构包括有插秧机横梁后方固定梁的底部通过安装机构安装有浮杆，浮杆通过压膜辊支架连接有底板，底板的前端均通过连接架活动连接有压膜辊，底板的中部通过拉绳组件与插秧机本体上的液压仿形系统的液压系统开关连接。本发明结构设计合理，既能够很好的完成覆膜插秧作业时铺膜压膜的作用，也能够代替浮板与插秧机液压仿形系统连接，使其具备自适应调节插秧深度的功能，减少了人力以及工作时间，提高了覆膜插秧作业的效率。
The present invention discloses a film covering mechanism for a mulching rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth. The mechanism comprises a rice transplanter body, a film covering mechanism for covering the rice transplanter body mounted below a rice transplanter crossbeam at the rear of the rice transplanter body, the film covering mechanism comprising a film covering frame with adjustable height above the ground, a film pressing mechanism disposed behind the film covering frame, the film pressing mechanism comprising a floating rod mounted on the bottom of a fixed beam at the rear of the rice transplanter crossbeam via a mounting mechanism, the floating rod being connected to a base plate via a film pressing roller bracket, the front end of the base plate being movably connected to a film pressing roller via a connecting frame, and the middle portion of the base plate being connected to a hydraulic system switch of a hydraulic profiling system on the rice transplanter body via a pull rope assembly. The present invention has a reasonable structural design and can not only well perform the film covering and pressing functions during mulching and transplanting operations, but can also replace a floating plate and be connected to the hydraulic profiling system of the rice transplanter, thereby enabling the mechanism to adaptively adjust the transplanting depth, thereby reducing manpower and working time, and improving the efficiency of the mulching and transplanting operations.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of film-covered rice transplanting machines, in particular to a film-covered rice transplanting machine film-covered mechanism capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth.
Background
In order to effectively inhibit the growth of weeds in the growth process of rice plants and improve the yield per unit area and the rice quality of rice, at present, an agronomic method of firstly paving a degradable film in a paddy field before rice transplanting and then finishing the operation of punching holes on the film is adopted. In order to improve the efficiency and the quality of rice film-covering operation, the machine provided with a film-hanging and film-pressing mechanism on the traditional rice transplanting machine has been developed, and the integration of rice film-covering transplanting operation is realized.
The existing film-covered rice transplanter is not complete in function and not high enough in automation degree, and still needs manpower to follow the machine to work, so that time and labor are consumed when the rice transplanter works in a field, as is well known, a paddy field is a slurry paddy field, the height of the paddy field is different, and a floating plate plays a role in floating up and down along with the height change of the field when the rice transplanter works, so that the floating plate is fed back to a hydraulic profiling system through a sensitive line, and the hydraulic profiling system controls a rice transplanting table to move up and down along with the height change of the field, so that a certain transplanting depth can be maintained.
However, the existing film-covered rice transplanting machine lacks a mechanism for adaptively adjusting the rice transplanting depth, the mounting of the film-covered mechanism is in conflict with the position of a floating plate on the original rice transplanting machine, and the mounting position of the floating plate is easy to break a laid film, so that the floating plate and the film-covered mechanism are two structures interfering with each other in the use process, the floating plate has to be removed or the position is changed, and the action and the position of the floating plate are extremely important;
If the seedling is directly removed, the seedling has no floating plate function, so that the consistency of transplanting depth cannot be ensured, the growth of later seedlings is affected, the shallow spikes are more, the spikes are small, no lodging resistance exists, the deep spikes are less, and high yield cannot be realized;
the position of the floating plate is rarely changed, if the floating plate is changed to two sides, the function of the floating plate is theoretically reserved, but in the actual use process, the hydraulic profiling system of the rice transplanter body needs to control the switch to be located in the middle, if the hydraulic profiling system is connected from the side, on the one hand, the hydraulic profiling system cannot sensitively sense, on the other hand, because of instability in the working process of the rice transplanter, the floating of the side is relatively large, the hydraulic profiling system cannot accurately sense, so that the situation that the pressure is too high due to too high topography at a certain place, too low pressure and too small pressure occur, the transplanting depth cannot be accurately adjusted, and therefore the position of the floating plate connected with a sensitive line is extremely important, and the original function is difficult to recover after the position is changed.
For the problems in the related art, no effective solution has been proposed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and the shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a film covering mechanism of a film covering rice transplanter, which can adaptively adjust the rice transplanting depth, and solves various problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The utility model provides a but tectorial membrane transplanter tectorial membrane mechanism of self-adaptation regulation transplanting depth, includes the transplanter body, the rear of transplanter body is connected with the transplanter crossbeam through coupling mechanism, the film-forming mechanism that is used for the tectorial membrane is installed to the below of transplanter crossbeam, the film-forming mechanism is including the highly adjustable film-forming frame that hangs down, and the rear of film-forming frame is provided with the press mold mechanism, the press mold mechanism is including the press mold roller that sets up side by side with the film-forming frame, the transplanting box below at transplanter crossbeam rear is provided with the fixed beam that sets up side by side, the kickstand is installed through installation mechanism to the bottom of fixed beam, the kickstand has the bottom plate through press mold roller leg joint, the front end of bottom plate all has the press mold roller through link swing joint, the middle part of bottom plate is connected with the hydraulic system switch of the hydraulic profiling system on the transplanter body through the stay cord subassembly.
The top symmetry at transplanter crossbeam both ends is connected with the side pipe, the bottom of side pipe all is equipped with the link frame, the plywood is all installed in the outside of link frame, the inboard of plywood is equal fixedly connected with compact heap, the compact heap is preceding narrow wide round platform form in back, the equal fixedly connected with plywood handle in the outside of plywood, fixedly connected with link frame between the link frame, the high adjustment of link frame passes through the link frame with adjustment mechanism adjustment between the side pipe.
The adjusting mechanism comprises a screw rod, the screw rod is connected with the square tube through a threaded sleeve, the handle is fixedly connected with the top of the screw rod, the bottom of the screw rod penetrates through the film hanging frame and is connected with the threaded sleeve installed in the film hanging frame in a threaded manner, the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected with the film hanging frame, limiting plates are symmetrically connected with the top of the film hanging frame, and the top of each limiting plate penetrates through the square tube.
The membrane hanging frame is of a cylindrical structure with an opening, the section of the membrane hanging frame is semicircular, a membrane pressing block is arranged above the inner end part of the membrane hanging frame, the top of the membrane pressing block is connected with a wire pulling mechanism, and the wire pulling mechanism penetrates through the membrane hanging frame and is fixedly connected with the rice transplanter body.
The mounting mechanism comprises a mounting plate, the floating rod is sleeved with the mounting plate which is used for mounting the fixed interval, round holes are formed in the top of the mounting plate, a mounting rod is fixedly connected to one side of the transplanting box, the mounting rod is matched with the round holes in the mounting plate, and a limit bolt is arranged at the tail end of the mounting rod.
The floating rod is connected with a plurality of film pressing roller supports arranged at intervals, the bottoms of the film pressing roller supports are respectively connected with mutually independent bottom plates through movable shafts, the front ends of the bottom plates are respectively and movably connected with film pressing rollers through connecting frames, the connecting frames on the outer sides of the adjacent film pressing rollers are fixedly connected with each other, two sides of the middle of each bottom plate are respectively and symmetrically connected with film pressing auxiliary rollers through movable shafts, a plurality of auxiliary springs are respectively arranged between each bottom plate and a beam of the rice transplanter, the pull rope assembly comprises an L-shaped rod fixed on the upper end face of the middle of the bottom plate and vertically arranged, a wire stretcher is arranged at the top of the L-shaped rod, the wire stretcher is connected with a hydraulic system switch of a profiling system on the rice transplanter body through a sensitive wire, the surface of the middle of the floating rod is fixedly connected with a connecting block staggered with the L-shaped rod in space position, and the connecting block is connected with a manual transplanting depth adjusting mechanism on the transplanter body.
The automatic seedling transplanting machine comprises a seedling transplanting machine body, and is characterized by further comprising a film cutting mechanism positioned at the rear of the seedling transplanting machine body, wherein the film cutting mechanism comprises a film cutting knife, two ends of the film cutting knife are respectively arranged at two ends of a beam of the seedling transplanting machine through film cutting knife holders, the film cutting knife holders are fixedly arranged inside a fixed sleeve, an arc-shaped plate I is arranged at the inner side of the fixed sleeve and is connected with the beam of the seedling transplanting machine through a pneumatic linkage assembly, the pneumatic linkage assembly comprises a fixed plate I fixedly connected with the top of the square tube, a supporting frame is fixedly connected with the top of the fixed plate I, one side of the supporting frame is fixedly connected with a corner frame I, one side of the corner frame I is connected with an air pressure telescopic rod through a movable shaft, and an air compressor is arranged on the seedling transplanting machine body and is connected with the air pressure telescopic rod through a plurality of air pipes.
One end of the film cutting knife rest is connected with a film cutting knife through a first connecting plate, the top end of the first connecting plate is fixedly connected with a first connecting sleeve, the top of the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected with a second angle frame, one side of the second angle frame is connected with an electric telescopic rod, the output end of the electric telescopic rod is connected with a push plate, one side of the push plate is fixedly connected with a second connecting sleeve, the bottom of the second connecting sleeve is fixedly connected with a clamping plate, a first connecting shaft is arranged between the first connecting sleeve and the second connecting sleeve, the utility model discloses a transplanter, including connecting axle, connecting plate, connecting rod, electric telescopic link, air compressor machine, connecting rod, welding plate, connecting sleeve, cutting film knife rest, connecting axle, electric telescopic link with the action of air compressor machine is through the controller control of transplanter body respectively, be equipped with spacing on the connecting axle, one side fixedly connected with connecting plate two of connecting plate, one side fixedly connected with welding plate of connecting plate two, the top fixedly connected with adapter sleeve of welding plate, one side of cutting film knife rest is all fixedly connected with connecting axle two, the connecting axle two all inserts into adapter sleeve three.
The film pressing mechanism further comprises a blank pressing mechanism, the blank pressing mechanism comprises blank pressing wheels located on two sides of the film pressing mechanism, the blank pressing wheels are connected with a rice transplanter beam through a floating connection mechanism, the floating connection mechanism comprises a second fixing plate, the bottom of the second fixing plate is connected with a rotating rod through a telescopic mechanism, one end of the rotating rod is connected with the blank pressing wheels, the other end of the rotating rod is connected with a second arc plate, the top of the second arc plate is connected with a U-shaped frame through a movable shaft, and the U-shaped frame is connected with a welding plate.
The telescopic mechanism comprises a movable rod, the bottom of the movable rod is connected with the rotating rod, the top end of the movable rod penetrates through the second fixed plate and is fixedly connected with a stop block, and a spring is wound on the surface of the movable rod.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The seedling planting machine comprises a seedling planting machine body, a seedling planting machine beam, square tubes, floating rods, a film pressing roller support, a bottom plate, a film pressing roller, a film pressing auxiliary roller, an auxiliary spring, an L-shaped rod and a sensitive wire, wherein the film pressing roller and the film pressing auxiliary roller replace the floating plates to be connected with the sensitive wire on the seedling planting machine body, so that signals can be transmitted to a hydraulic profiling system of the seedling planting machine through the up-and-down floating of the film pressing roller, the height of a seedling planting table can be adaptively adjusted according to the ground height condition when the seedling planting machine works, a certain seedling planting depth is always kept, and the film pressing roller continuously floats up and down along with a field topography;
Therefore, the pressure of the film pressing roller to the degradation film can be kept in a certain range, the condition that the pressure is overlarge because of too high topography at a certain place during operation is avoided, and the condition that the pressure is too small because of too low topography at a certain place is avoided, so that the film pressing mechanism comprising the film pressing roller, the film pressing auxiliary roller, the bottom plate, the auxiliary spring and the like can well complete the film laying and pressing function during film covering and transplanting operation, and can replace a floating plate to be connected with a hydraulic profiling system of a transplanting machine, so that the seedling transplanting machine has the function of self-adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth, and the position of a sensitive wire of a wire pulling assembly is in the middle, so that the position signal of the film pressing roller can be accurately and sensitively fed back to the hydraulic profiling system of the transplanting machine during actual operation.
(2) The film cutting knife can fall down and cut films and lift up quickly under the action of the air pressure telescopic rod, after the film cutting knife finishes film cutting operation, the clamping plate is rotated and drives the films to contact with the surfaces of the film cutting knife through the electric telescopic push rod, so that the film cutting knife rest is clamped, the air pressure telescopic rod is used for lifting the film clamping, and the phenomenon that the bottoms of the films are in excessive contact with the slurry surfaces to cause dragging or breakage when the transplanting machine moves to the next working place is avoided when the film clamping lifting is carried out;
after the transplanter reaches the next stage of working place, the film cutting knife rest falls down by using the air pressure telescopic rod, at the moment, the film cutting knife and the clamping plate bring the film down and press the tail end of the film into slurry, the electric telescopic rod is started to enable the clamping plate to revolve and loosen the film, and then new film covering and transplanting operation can be started.
(3) Through setting up film hanger frame, plywood, compact heap, film hanger and adjustment mechanism, the film hanger outside is the semicircle, can push away higher mud soil block in advance and flatten the effect that reaches one and pave in advance at the transplanter during operation, the follow-up membrane of being convenient for is spread the operation of transplanting rice seedlings to can be according to the height of different plots suitable adjustment film hanger through adjustment mechanism.
(4) Through setting up blank holder mechanism and telescopic machanism, blank holder mechanism can be with in two sides of degradation membrane are impressed mud, avoids appearing the crosswind and blows up the membrane of laying, and telescopic machanism can make the blank holder wheel float from top to bottom along with the change of field topography, avoids the too big damage degradation membrane of blank holder wheel pressure and pressure undersize not to the condition that the membrane was pressed into mud appear.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a film pressing roller, a film cutting knife and a film hanging frame in a film laminating mechanism of a film laminating transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the transplanting box, the transplanting arm and the transplanting mechanism in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the connection of the L-shaped rod and the sensitive wire in the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of a squeeze film roll of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the film cutting knife rest in the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the edge pressing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the film hanger of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the wire puller of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. A rice transplanter body; 2, a beam of the rice transplanter; 3, square tube; 4, a film hanging frame, 5, a plywood, 6, a compression block, 7, a film hanging frame, 8, a fixed plate I, 9, a support frame, 10, a first corner frame, 11, a pneumatic telescopic rod, 12, a first arc plate, 13, a fixed sleeve, 14, a film cutting knife rest, 15, a first connecting plate, 16, a film cutting knife, 17, a first connecting sleeve, 18, a second corner frame, 19, an electric telescopic rod, 20, a push plate, 21, a second connecting sleeve, 22, a clamping plate, 23, a connecting shaft I, 24, a limit bar, 25, a second connecting plate, 26, a welding plate, 27, a third connecting sleeve, 28, a second connecting shaft, 29, a fixed beam, 30, a planting arm, 31, a floating rod, 32, a film pressing roller bracket, 33, a bottom plate, 34, a film pressing roller, 35, a film pressing auxiliary roller, 36, an auxiliary spring, 37, an L-shaped rod, 38, a wire stretcher, 39, a screw, a 40, a handle, 41, a limit plate, 42, a fixed plate II, 43, a rotating rod, 44, a blank holder, 45, a second, 46, a U-shaped frame, 47, a movable film pressing roller, 48, a spring, a wire pressing roller, a depth adjusting mechanism, a 55, a film pressing roller, a supporting plate, a 55, a wire, a mounting plate, a manual setting mechanism, a lifting plate, a lifting mechanism, and a lifting mechanism, a lifting plate, a lifting mechanism, a lifting plate, and a lifting plate, a lifting mechanism, and a lifting mechanism;
381. large connecting frame 382, movable shaft, 383, sensitive wire, 384, stay wire, 385, small connecting frame, 386 and stay wire.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the first embodiment of the invention:
referring to fig. 1-9, a film laminating mechanism of a film laminating rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth comprises a rice transplanter body 1, wherein a rice transplanter beam 2 is connected to the rear of the rice transplanter body 1 through a connecting mechanism, three rice transplanting boxes are uniformly arranged on one side of the rice transplanter beam 2, planting arms 30 are arranged on two sides of each rice transplanting box, a transplanting mechanism is arranged on each planting arm 30, a floating rod 31 is arranged on a fixed beam 29 at the bottom of each rice transplanting box through a mounting mechanism, three pairs of film pressing roller supports 32 are uniformly connected to the floating rods 31, the bottoms of the film pressing roller supports 32 are all connected with a bottom plate 33 through movable shafts, one ends of the bottom plate 33 are all movably connected with film pressing rollers 34 through connecting frames, all the connecting frames at the outer sides of the three film pressing rollers 34 are fixedly connected, a plurality of auxiliary springs 36 are symmetrically connected to the middle of the bottom plate 33 through movable shafts, signals are fed back to a hydraulic profiling system on the rice transplanter body 1 through a pull rope assembly, and the middle of the bottom plate 33 comprises a profiling system of a vertical L-shaped rod 37 fixed on the middle end surface of the bottom plate 33, and a profiling system of the profiling system is arranged on the top of the L-shaped rod 1 through a profiling system 38.
Further, square tubes 3 are symmetrically connected to the top of the rice transplanter beam 2, film hanging frame frames 4 are arranged at the bottoms of the square tubes 3, plywood plates 5 are arranged on the outer sides of the film hanging frame frames 4, compression blocks 6 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the plywood plates 5, film hanging frames 7 are fixedly connected between the film hanging frame frames 4, and an adjusting mechanism is arranged between the film hanging frame frames 4 and the square tubes 3;
The wire puller 38 comprises a large connecting frame 381, a movable shaft 382, a sensitive wire 383, a pull wire 384 and a small connecting frame 385, wherein a pull wire 386 is arranged in the sensitive wire 383, the bottom of the pull wire 386 penetrates through the large connecting frame 381 and the small connecting frame 385 to be fixedly connected, the large connecting frame 381 is similar to the small connecting frame 385 in shape, sliding rails are arranged on two sides, the movable shaft 382 is connected with a beam of a rice transplanter through a U-shaped frame, the bottom plate drives the sliding rail on the large connecting frame 381 to be at a distance, the movable shaft 383 firstly contacts with the bottom of the sliding rail on the small connecting frame 385, at the moment, the large connecting frame 381 moves upwards along with the bottom plate 33, the pull wire 384 in the sensitive wire 383 is pulled until the pull wire 384 controls a hydraulic system to stop moving a rice seedling planting table, when the hydraulic system runs on a higher mud surface, the large connecting frame 381 continues to move upwards along with the bottom plate 33, and the pull wire 384 controls the hydraulic system to move upwards the rice planting table, otherwise, the large connecting frame 381 moves downwards along with the bottom plate 33, and the pull wire 384 controls the hydraulic system to move the rice planting table downwards along with the lower mud surface, so that the rice seedling planting table can keep a certain depth along with the bottom plate 33, and the pull wire can be connected with other structures in a certain position.
The top of square pipe 3 is all fixedly connected with fixed plate one 8, the equal fixedly connected with support frame 9 in top of fixed plate one 8, the equal fixedly connected with angle frame one 10 in one side of support frame 9, one side of angle frame one 10 all is connected with pneumatic telescopic link 11 through the loose axle, the output of pneumatic telescopic link 11 all is connected with arc one 12 through the loose axle, one side fixedly connected with fixed sleeve 13 of arc one 12, the inside sliding connection of fixed sleeve 13 has cut membrane knife rest 14, the one end of cutting membrane knife rest 14 all is connected with through a plurality of connecting plates one 15 and cuts membrane sword 16, the equal fixedly connected with adapter sleeve one 17 in top of connecting plate one 15, the equal fixedly connected with angle frame two 18 in top of fixed sleeve 13, one side of angle frame two 18 all is connected with electric telescopic link 19, the output of electric telescopic link 19 all is connected with push pedal 20, one side fixedly connected with adapter sleeve two 21 of push pedal 20, the bottom fixedly connected with splint 22 of adapter sleeve two 21, be equipped with connecting axle one 23 between adapter sleeve one 17 and the adapter sleeve two 21, be equipped with spacing 24 on the connecting axle one 23.
One side of the first fixing plate 8 is fixedly connected with a second connecting plate 25, one side of the second connecting plate 25 is fixedly connected with a welding plate 26, the top of the welding plate 26 is fixedly connected with a third connecting sleeve 27, one side of the film cutting knife rest 14 is fixedly connected with a second connecting shaft 28, the second connecting shaft 28 is inserted into the third connecting sleeve 27, and one side of the welding plate 26 is fixedly connected with a blank holder mechanism.
In the structure, the film pressing roller bracket 32 is connected with the bottom plate 33 through a movable shaft, can swing up and down along with the change of the field topography during working, the swing form is similar to the swing form of the floating plate on the original rice transplanter, the film pressing roller 34 is of a nylon internal hollow structure, the weight is lighter, the bottom plate 33 is provided with an auxiliary spring to increase the rebound resilience of the film pressing roller 34, so that the film pressing roller 34 can swing along with the change of the topography like the floating plate, the L-shaped rod 37 of the film pressing roller 34 is connected with the hydraulic profiling system of the rice transplanter floating plate, the film pressing roller group is contacted with field slurry and generates force to enable the film pressing roller 34 to swing up and down like the floating plate, thereby enabling the L-shaped rod 37 to move up and down along with the film pressing roller 34, the hydraulic profiling system controls the lifting of the whole seedling planting table according to the stretching condition of the stay wire assembly, an auxiliary spring 36 is arranged between the film pressing roller 34 and the transplanter beam 2, the initial position of the stay wire assembly is closer to the initial position of the original floating plate induction line, and the lifting and falling actions of the stay wire assembly are more sensitive, so that the film pressing roller 34 can perform film pressing and film laying operations, can replace a floating plate to ensure the transplanting depth during working, has the function of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth, and the position of the sensitive wire of the stay wire assembly is in the middle, so that the position signal of the film pressing roller, which can be accurately and sensitively used in the actual working process, is fed back to the hydraulic profiling system of the transplanter.
The bottom of the film cutting knife 16 is composed of a plurality of triangular knife teeth, the tooth tips are sharp and small in contact surface with the film, the film is easy to puncture, the film cutting knife rest 14 and the film cutting knife 16 fall downwards when the seedling planting machine is operated, the film cutting knife 16 is subjected to the thrust of the air pressure telescopic rod 11 and the action of self gravity, the falling speed is fast and the force is high, the film can be cut off well, the clamping plate 22 is arranged on the inner side of the film cutting knife 16, the bottom of the clamping plate 22 is close to the bottom of the film cutting knife 16 when the clamping plate 22 is in a normal position, the electric telescopic rod 19 is started to enable the clamping plate 22 to rotate towards the position of the film cutting knife 16, the film can be brought up to be attached to the inner side of the film cutting knife 16, the film is clamped between the clamping plate 22 and the film cutting knife 16, dragging or breakage caused by excessive contact between the bottom of the film and the surface of slurry when the seedling planting machine is moved to the next working place is avoided, the film cutting knife rest falls down by the air pressure telescopic rod when the seedling planting machine reaches the next working place, the film cutting knife rest is pressed into the film with the clamping plate, the film falling end is carried by the clamping plate and the film is pressed into the film cutting knife 16, the film is required to be pressed into the film cutting knife 16, the film cutting machine is replaced by the manual operation, and the manual operation is started, the film pressing operation is completed, and the film pressing is replaced by the manual operation, and the film pressing machine is replaced by the film pressing machine.
Embodiment two:
The adjusting mechanism comprises a screw 39, the square tube 3 is connected with the screw 39 through a threaded sleeve, the top of the screw 39 is fixedly connected with a handle 40, the bottom of the screw 39 penetrates through the film hanging frame 4 and is fixedly connected with the threaded sleeve installed in the film hanging frame 4, the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected with the film hanging frame 4, the top of the film hanging frame 4 is symmetrically connected with a limiting plate 41, the top of the limiting plate 41 penetrates through the square tube 3, the edge pressing mechanism comprises a fixing plate II 42, the bottom of the fixing plate II is connected with a rotating rod 43 through a telescopic mechanism, one end of the rotating rod 43 is connected with an edge pressing wheel 44, the other end of the rotating rod 43 is connected with a second arc-shaped plate 45, the top of the second arc-shaped plate 45 is connected with a U-shaped frame 46 through a movable shaft, the U-shaped frame 46 is connected with a welding plate 26, the telescopic mechanism comprises a movable rod 47, the bottom of the movable rod 47 is connected with the rotating rod 43, the top of the movable rod 47 penetrates through the fixing plate II 42, a stop block 48 is fixedly connected with the top of the movable rod 47, and a spring 49 is wound on the surface of the movable rod 47.
The surface of the floating rod 31 is fixedly connected with a connecting block 50, the connecting block 50 is connected with a manual transplanting depth adjusting mechanism on the transplanter body 1, as different areas and areas are different in planting conditions, some field mud is harder, some field mud is softer, the transplanting depth of the rice planted in some places is 2mm suitable, the transplanting depth of the rice planted in some places is 3mm suitable, so that the transplanting depth needs to be determined according to the condition of the field before work, the transplanting depth is manually adjusted by the manual transplanting depth adjusting mechanism, the distance between the film pressing mechanism and the mud surface is changed by manually adjusting the transplanting depth adjusting mechanism, the film pressing mechanism is more similar to the mud surface, the film pressing mechanism is earlier contacted with the mud surface and lifted upwards, so that signals are transmitted earlier to a hydraulic system to control the transplanting table, the whole transplanting depth is controlled, for example, the transplanting depth of the transplanting work is determined to be 2mm in the test, the transplanting depth is manually adjusted to 2mm through the transplanting depth before the transplanting operation, and the self-adaptive transplanting depth adjusting mechanism is always enabled to be 2mm when the transplanting depth is adjusted to be always in the machine or the transplanting depth is kept to be 2mm even if the transplanting depth is always low.
The transplanter comprises a transplanter body 1, wherein an air compressor 51 is arranged on the transplanter body 1, the air compressor 51 is connected with an air pressure telescopic rod 11 through a plurality of air pipes, a film pressing block 52 for tightly propping up a film covered roll is arranged in the film pressing block 7, a wire pulling mechanism 53 is connected to the top of the film pressing block 52, the wire pulling mechanism 53 penetrates through the film pressing block 7 and is fixedly connected with the transplanter body 1, the film pressing block 52 is positioned at the topmost end of the inner part of the film pressing block in normal time, after only one section of transplanting work is finished, the film pressing block needs to be put down to press the film covered roll, when film cutting and clamping work is avoided, films on the film covered roll are pulled, a controller 54 is respectively connected to an electric telescopic rod 19 and the air compressor 51, a plywood handle 55 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the plywood 5, the mounting mechanism comprises a mounting plate 56, the surface of a floating rod 31 is provided with a plurality of mounting plates 56, round holes are formed in the top of the mounting plate 56, one side of a transplanting box is fixedly connected with a mounting rod 57, the mounting rod 57 is matched with the round holes in the mounting plate 56, and a limit bolt is arranged at the tail end of the mounting rod 57.
The existing degradation films are wound on a plastic cylinder or a paper cylinder, a compression block 6 of the mechanism is in a round table shape with a narrow front and a wide rear, a plywood 5 is opened through a plywood handle 55 and the plastic cylinder wound with the degradation films is placed into a film hanging frame 7 during operation, the plastic cylinder is clamped through the compression blocks 6 on two sides, the film is specifically loaded in the process of firstly placing a film roll (the film roll is formed by taking a hollow plastic pipe or a hollow paper pipe as a support, wrapping the film outside) into the film hanging frame, then inserting one end of the hollow plastic pipe in the film roll into the compression block on one side, covering the plywood on one side through the plywood handle, opening the hollow plastic pipe on the other end through the plywood handle, closing the plywood on the other side, and taking out the film roll.
The film hanging frame 7 can be adjusted up and down through the rotating handle 40, so that the upper and lower heights of the degradation films can be adjusted, the degradation films are prevented from being in contact with the ground and not being insufficient in space, the surface of the film hanging frame 7 is semicircular, mud Tian Guaping can be firstly used for improving the quality of film covering operation and punching and transplanting operation before film covering and transplanting operation, a blank pressing mechanism is used for pressing the edge of the degradation films covered by the film pressing roller 34 into soil, sealing of the edges of the films is good, the situation that the paved degradation films are blown by high wind is avoided, the blank pressing wheel 44 adopts an inward convex structure, the structure can enable the blank pressing wheel 44 to have a downward pressing effect and a stretching effect on the degradation films to two sides, the lighting area of the degradation films is increased, and the growth of seedlings is facilitated.
In practical application, firstly putting a 1.8m wide degradation film into a film hanging frame 7, clamping a plastic barrel wound with the degradation film through compression blocks 6 at two sides, pulling out a part of the degradation film before the machine goes down, and then, pulling the degradation film between a clamping plate 22 and a film cutting knife 16, controlling an electric telescopic rod 19 to retract, at the moment, rotating the clamping plate 22 towards the film cutting knife 16 and tightly attaching the clamping plate to the film cutting knife 16 so as to clamp the degradation film, then, putting seedlings on a seedling box, and opening the film-covered seedling planting machine into a field;
The hydraulic system of the seedling transplanting machine is opened, the seedling box is dropped, at the moment, the clamping plate 22 at the inner side of the film cutting knife 16 presses the initial part of the film into slurry, then the electric telescopic rod 19 is controlled to extend, at the moment, the clamping plate 22 rotates towards the direction of the seedling transplanting machine body 1, so that the clamping plate 22 is not contacted with the film cutting knife 16 any more, the film is not clamped any more, due to the opening of the hydraulic system, the whole seedling transplanting table moves downwards until the film pressing roller 34 contacts with the surface of the slurry and is subjected to upward force brought by the slurry, so that the film pressing roller 34 swings upwards, meanwhile, the L-shaped rod 37 also moves upwards, a switch of a floating plate induction line pulling hydraulic system is in a stop state, at the moment, the seedling transplanting mechanism is observed to be at a proper seedling transplanting depth or not, if not, the seedling transplanting depth manual adjusting mechanism on the seedling transplanting machine can be adjusted, the seedling planting machine is ready for film-covered seedling planting work, the seedling planting machine moves forward at a stable speed during seedling planting, the film pressing roller 34 floats up and down along with the change of the height of the topography, if the situation is met at a lower place, the film pressing roller 34 swings downwards, the L-shaped rod 37 is driven to move downwards at the moment, the sensitive wire 38 is pulled outwards, the sensitive wire 38 pulls the switch of the hydraulic system to be in a rising state, the seedling planting table is lifted upwards a bit, if the situation is met at a higher place, the film pressing roller 34 swings upwards, the L-shaped rod 37 is driven to move upwards at the moment, the sensitive wire 38 is pushed inwards, the sensitive wire 38 drives the switch of the hydraulic system to be in a falling state, the seedling planting table falls down a bit, the seedling planting machine always keeps proper seedling planting depth, and the film pressing roller 34 floats up and down along with the topography, so that the quality of film-covered work is guaranteed;
When transplanting seedlings to a field, the pneumatic telescopic rod 11 is controlled to fall down to cut off the degradable film by the film cutting knife 34, the electric telescopic rod 19 is controlled to retract to enable the clamping plate 22 to rotate towards the film cutting knife 34 and contact with the film cutting knife 34, so that the degradable film is clamped, then the film pressing block 52 is placed downwards through the stay wire mechanism 53, the film pressing block 52 presses a degradable film roller in the film hanging frame, then the hydraulic system is controlled to lift the seedling box upwards manually, one-time film covering and transplanting work is completed, at the moment, the bottom of the film is clamped and cannot contact with slurry, and the seedling transplanting machine cannot drag and damage the film when turning to the next field;
When the transplanter reaches the next working area, the hydraulic system of the transplanter is manually opened, the seedling box is fallen down, the clamping plate 22 presses the bottom of the film into slurry, the pulling wire mechanism 53 is pulled to enable the film pressing block 52 to rise and not contact with the degradation film in the film hanging frame 7, the steps can be repeated to carry out the next round of work, the film cutting and film pressing actions of the transplanter can be completed by the transplanter, manual operation is not needed any more, the automation degree of the transplanter is improved, the labor and the working time are reduced, and the transplanter is suitable for field operation.
The machine performs multiple field experiments, and the experiments refer to NY/T1552-2007 technical Specification for quality evaluation of film laying machine and technical conditions of rice transplanting machine, and the test conditions are shown in the following table 1, wherein the degradable film lighting surface width is qualified, the lighting surface mechanical damage degree, the seedling floating rate, the one-time film breaking success rate and the one-time film clamping success rate are measured.
TABLE 1
Firstly, qualification rate of the width of a lighting surface;
On the measured land, 5 areas are equidistantly taken along the diagonal, each area has a square range of 1.6m.1.6m, 5 points are randomly taken in each area, the qualification rate of the width of the lighting surface is calculated by taking the formula, the width of the lighting surface is measured according to the following table 2, and the lighting surface is qualified in the range of (film width-300 mm) to (film width-150 mm);
the lighting surface qualification rate can be obtained according to the following formula:
In the formula, the width percent of pass (%) of the S-lighting surface is shown;
N 1 -the qualified number of lighting surface width;
n 2 -total number of measurements of lighting surface width.
TABLE 2
According to the quality evaluation technical specification of the NY/T1552-2007 film paving machine, the qualification rate of the lighting surface width is more than or equal to 80 percent, and the machine meets the far exceeding 92 percent standard requirement.
Secondly, the mechanical damage degree of the lighting surface;
taking 5 areas on the measured land at equal intervals along the diagonal, wherein the width of each area is 1.6m.1.6m square range, measuring the side length or seam length of each mechanical breaking part on the lighting surface in the area, and carrying into a formula to calculate the mechanical damage degree of the lighting surface, wherein the mechanical damage degree is shown in the following table 3;
the degree of mechanical breakage of the lighting surface can be obtained according to the following formula (2):
Wherein: -degree of mechanical breakage of lighting surface (mm/m) 2;
L i -the side length or seam length (mm) of the damaged part at the ith position in the measuring area;
L-length of the measurement region (m);
b-average lighting surface width in zone (mm).
TABLE 3 Table 3
According to the quality evaluation technical specification of the NY/T1552-2007 film paving machine, the mechanical damage degree of the lighting surface is less than or equal to 50mm/m -2, and the machine meets the requirement of far exceeding 34.8mm/m -2, standard.
Thirdly, seedling floating rate, and the measurement method comprises the following steps:
selecting 5 points as base points according to a five-point detection method, selecting a measuring area with the length of 1m within the whole transplanting range, and investigating the percentage of the number of the seedlings to the total plants, wherein the percentage is brought into a formula Ji Suande to the seedling rate, as shown in the following table 4;
the seedling rate can be obtained according to the following formula (3):
In the formula, S-seedling floating rate (%);
M S -number of seedlings (plant) to be floated in the area;
m Z -total number of seedlings in zone (strain).
TABLE 4 Table 4
According to the technical condition of rice transplanting machine, the seedling-floating rate is lower than 3%, and the seedling-floating rate of the machine is 2.66%, which completely accords with the national standard.
Fourthly, one-time film breaking success rate, and the measuring method comprises the following steps:
to ensure that the film breaking effect under different mud states is measured, 5 areas are randomly selected, each area is continuously measured for 10 times, the film is completely broken into film breaking success after the film cutting knife falls down once, the film breaking success is brought into a formula Ji Suande, the seedling floating rate is brought into a table 5 below,
The average film breaking success rate is calculated according to the following formula:
Wherein X is the success times of each membrane breaking;
n-number of areas, n=5;
average film break (%).
TABLE 5
As a result of the supplement, the success rate of once film cutting is not standardized in the industry, but the operation efficiency of the film-covered rice transplanter can be obviously improved by 94% of the once film cutting rate, and the labor intensity of farmers is reduced.
Fifthly, one-time membrane clamping success rate is measured by the following steps:
In order to ensure that the film clamping effect under different slurry states is measured, 5 areas are randomly selected, each area is continuously measured for 10 times, the width of the clamping plate and the film cutting knife for clamping the film exceeds 70% of the total width of the film, the lifted film is not contacted with the surface of the slurry, and the film is successfully clamped, and the average film clamping success rate is calculated by taking the obtained film into a formula, wherein the average film clamping success rate is shown in the following table 6;
The average film-clamping success rate is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein Y is the successful times of the membrane clamping in each area;
n-number of areas, n=5;
average sandwich (%).
TABLE 6
The success rate of the primary film clamping is not standardized in the industry, but the operation efficiency of the film-covered rice transplanter can be obviously improved by 92% of the primary film clamping rate, and the labor intensity of farmers is reduced.
Although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is described in terms of a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, as the embodiments described in the disclosure may be combined in any suitable manner to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those of skill in the art.
Therefore, the above description is not intended to limit the scope of the application, but rather should be construed in view of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The film laminating mechanism of the film laminating rice transplanter is characterized in that the film laminating mechanism comprises a film laminating frame (7) with an adjustable ground clearance, a film pressing mechanism is arranged behind the film laminating frame (7), the film pressing mechanism comprises a film pressing roller (34) arranged in parallel with the film laminating frame (7), a fixed beam (29) arranged in parallel is arranged below a rice transplanting box behind the rice transplanting machine beam (2), a floating rod (31) is arranged at the bottom of the fixed beam (29) through a mounting mechanism, a bottom plate (33) is connected with the bottom plate (33) through a film pressing roller bracket (32), the front end of the bottom plate (33) is movably connected with a film pressing roller (34) through a connecting frame, and the middle part of the bottom plate (33) is connected with a hydraulic system of a pull rope system of the rice transplanter through a hydraulic system of the seedling transplanting machine body (1);
The film hanging frame (7) is of a cylindrical structure with an opening, the section of the film hanging frame is semicircular, a film pressing block (52) is arranged above the inner end part of the film hanging frame (7), the top of the film pressing block (52) is connected with a wire pulling mechanism (53), and the wire pulling mechanism (53) penetrates through the film hanging frame (7) and is fixedly connected with the rice transplanter body (1);
The floating rod (31) is connected with a plurality of film pressing roller supports (32) which are arranged at intervals, the bottoms of the film pressing roller supports (32) are respectively connected with mutually independent bottom plates (33) through movable shafts, the front ends of the bottom plates (33) are respectively and movably connected with film pressing rollers (34) through connecting frames, the connecting frames on the outer sides of the adjacent film pressing rollers (34) are fixedly connected with each other, two sides of the middle of the bottom plates (33) are respectively and symmetrically connected with film pressing auxiliary rollers (35) through movable shafts, and a plurality of auxiliary springs (36) are respectively arranged between each bottom plate (33) and a beam (2) of the rice transplanter; the pull rope assembly comprises an L-shaped rod (37) fixed on the upper end face of the middle of a bottom plate (33) and arranged vertically, a wire stretcher (38) is arranged at the top of the L-shaped rod (37), the wire stretcher (38) is connected with a hydraulic system switch of a hydraulic profiling system on a rice transplanter body (1) through a sensitive wire, a connecting block (50) staggered with the L-shaped rod (37) in space position is fixedly connected to the surface of the middle of the floating rod (31), and the connecting block (50) is connected with a manual rice transplanting depth adjusting mechanism (58) on the rice transplanter body (1).
2. The film mulching mechanism of the film mulching rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth according to claim 1, wherein square tubes (3) are symmetrically connected to the tops of two ends of a crossbeam (2) of the rice transplanter, film hanging frame frames (4) are arranged at the bottoms of the square tubes (3), plywood plates (5) are arranged on the outer sides of the film hanging frame frames (4), compression blocks (6) are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the plywood plates (5), the compression blocks (6) are in a shape of a round table with front narrow and rear wide, plywood handles (55) are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the plywood plates (5), film hanging frames (7) are fixedly connected between the film hanging frame frames (4), and the height of each film hanging frame (7) is adjusted through an adjusting mechanism between each film hanging frame (4) and each square tube (3).
3. The film mulching mechanism of the film mulching rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the rice transplanting depth according to claim 2, wherein the adjusting mechanism comprises a screw (39), the screw (39) is connected to the square tube (3) through thread sleeves, a handle (40) is fixedly connected to the top of the screw (39), the bottom of the screw (39) penetrates through the film hanging frame (4) and is in thread connection with the thread sleeves installed in the film hanging frame (4), the thread sleeves are fixedly connected with the film hanging frame (4), limiting plates (41) are symmetrically connected to the top of the film hanging frame (4), and the top of the limiting plates (41) penetrate through the square tube (3).
4. The film covering mechanism of the film covering rice transplanting machine capable of adaptively adjusting the rice transplanting depth according to claim 1, wherein the mounting mechanism comprises a mounting plate (56), the floating rod (31) is sleeved with the mounting plate (56) which is used for mounting fixed interval arrangement, round holes are formed in the top of the mounting plate (56), one side of the rice transplanting box is fixedly connected with a mounting rod (57), the mounting rod (57) is matched with the round holes in the mounting plate (56), and the tail end of the mounting rod (57) is provided with a limit bolt.
5. The film cutting mechanism of the film-covered rice transplanter, which is capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth, according to claim 1, is characterized by further comprising a film cutting mechanism positioned at the rear of the transplanter body (1), wherein the film cutting mechanism comprises film cutting knives (16), two ends of each film cutting knife (16) are respectively arranged at two ends of a transplanter beam (2) through film cutting knife holders (14), each film cutting knife holder (14) is fixedly arranged in a fixed sleeve (13), an arc-shaped plate I (12) is arranged on the inner side of each fixed sleeve (13), the arc-shaped plate I (12) is connected with the transplanter beam (2) through a pneumatic linkage assembly, the pneumatic linkage assembly comprises a fixed plate I (8) fixedly connected with the top of a square tube (3), the tops of the fixed plate I (8) are fixedly connected with supporting frames (9), one sides of the supporting frames (9) are fixedly connected with corner frames I (10), one sides of the corner frames I (10) are respectively connected with air pressure telescopic rods (11) through movable shafts, and the transplanter body (1) is connected with the air compressors (51) through a plurality of air pressure telescopic rods (51).
6. The film mulching mechanism of the film mulching transplanting machine capable of adaptively adjusting the transplanting depth according to claim 5, wherein one end of the film cutting knife rest (14) is connected with a film cutting knife (16) through a first connecting plate (15), the top end of the first connecting plate (15) is fixedly connected with a first connecting sleeve (17), the top of the fixed sleeve (13) is fixedly connected with a second connecting plate (18), one side of the second connecting plate (18) is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod (19), the output end of the electric telescopic rod (19) is connected with a push plate (20), one side of the push plate (20) is fixedly connected with a second connecting sleeve (21), the bottom of the second connecting sleeve (21) is fixedly connected with a clamping plate (22), a first connecting sleeve (17) and the second connecting sleeve (21) are provided with a connecting shaft (23), one side of the fixed plate (8) is fixedly connected with a second connecting plate (25), one side of the second connecting plate (25) is fixedly connected with a welding plate (26), one side of the third connecting sleeve (27) is fixedly connected with a third connecting sleeve (27), one side of the third connecting sleeve (27) is fixedly connected with a third connecting sleeve (28), the actions of the electric telescopic rod (19) and the air compressor (51) are respectively controlled by a controller (54) of the rice transplanter body (1).
7. The membrane laminating mechanism of the membrane laminating rice transplanter, which is capable of adaptively adjusting the rice transplanting depth, according to claim 6, is characterized by further comprising a side pressing mechanism, wherein the side pressing mechanism comprises side pressing wheels (44) arranged on two sides of the membrane pressing mechanism, the side pressing wheels (44) are connected with a rice transplanter beam (2) through a floating connection mechanism, the floating connection mechanism comprises a fixing plate II (42), the bottom of the fixing plate II (42) is connected with a rotating rod (43) through a telescopic mechanism, one end of the rotating rod (43) is connected with the side pressing wheels (44), the other end of the rotating rod (43) is connected with an arc plate II (45), the top of the arc plate II (45) is connected with a U-shaped frame (46) through a movable shaft, and the U-shaped frame (46) is connected with a welding plate (26).
8. The membrane covering mechanism of the membrane covering rice transplanter capable of adaptively adjusting the rice transplanting depth according to claim 7, wherein the telescopic mechanism comprises a movable rod (47), the bottom of the movable rod (47) is connected with the rotating rod (43), the top end of the movable rod (47) penetrates through the fixed plate II (42), a stop block (48) is fixedly connected, and a spring (49) is wound on the surface of the movable rod (47).
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| JP5407371B2 (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2014-02-05 | 井関農機株式会社 | Seedling transplanter |
| CN104137688A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-12 | 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 | Belt-shaped high-speed rice seedling transplanting machine for covering rice seedlings with films |
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