CN119327214B - An emission reduction device for smelting copper-containing waste - Google Patents
An emission reduction device for smelting copper-containing wasteInfo
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- CN119327214B CN119327214B CN202411365190.7A CN202411365190A CN119327214B CN 119327214 B CN119327214 B CN 119327214B CN 202411365190 A CN202411365190 A CN 202411365190A CN 119327214 B CN119327214 B CN 119327214B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1406—Multiple stage absorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1462—Removing mixtures of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1493—Selection of liquid materials for use as absorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
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- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种含铜废料冶炼用减排装置，属于有色金属冶炼废气处理技术领域，包括涡流装置、冷凝装置、除灰装置、三级级联的吸收装置、收集装置，涡流装置用于驱使废气形成螺旋形涡流，并使废气加速排出，冷凝装置用于对废气中的重金属蒸气进行冷凝回收，除灰装置包括第一罐体、等离子体发生器、电场发生器，等离子体发生器产生氩气等离子气体，电场发生器产生吸附飞灰的电场，三级级联的吸收装置分别用于吸收从第三排气口排出的废气中的硫化氢、二氧化碳、氮氧化物，并排出剩余气体，收集装置用于将最后一级的吸收装置排出的废气进行安全收集。本发明能够去除含铜废料冶炼中的飞灰、重金属蒸气、二氧化碳、硫化氢、氮氧化物，实现减排目的。
The present invention provides an emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting, belonging to the technical field of non-ferrous metal smelting waste gas treatment. The device comprises a vortex device, a condensing device, a dust removal device, a three-stage cascade absorption device, and a collection device. The vortex device is used to drive the waste gas into a spiral vortex and accelerate its discharge. The condensing device is used to condense and recover heavy metal vapors in the waste gas. The dust removal device includes a first tank, a plasma generator, and an electric field generator. The plasma generator generates argon plasma gas, and the electric field generator generates an electric field to absorb fly ash. The three-stage cascade absorption device is used to absorb hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides from the waste gas discharged from the third exhaust port and discharge the remaining gas. The collection device is used to safely collect the waste gas discharged from the final absorption device. The present invention can remove fly ash, heavy metal vapor, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrogen oxides from copper-containing waste smelting, thereby achieving emission reduction goals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metal smelting waste gas treatment, in particular to an emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting.
Background
The reclaimed copper industry becomes an important source for copper smelting. The copper-containing waste materials commonly used in the reclaimed copper industry mainly comprise wires and cables, waste circuit boards, waste electronic components, smelting waste residues and the like, and because the copper-containing waste materials have complex composition and various types, substances such as fly ash, heavy metal vapor, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides and the like are extremely easy to generate in the smelting process, wherein chlorine-containing compounds in the fly ash can also form extremely toxic substances such as dioxin in the cooling process. If these substances are not effectively separated and collected, serious environmental impact is likely to occur.
At present, waste gas discharged from a smelting furnace is led out, fly ash and hydrogen sulfide are separated through a bag-type dust collector and a desulfurization technology, wherein the fly ash can be removed by the bag-type dust collector, the hydrogen sulfide is recycled through the desulfurization technology, for example, the hydrogen sulfide can be directly desulfurized through a complex iron method desulfurization technology to prepare sulfuric acid, and the desulfurization efficiency can reach more than 99 percent.
However, these means are not effective in separating other harmful substances except fly ash and hydrogen sulfide, which results in a large pollution of the final exhaust gas to the environment, and the bag-type dust collector is susceptible to corrosion and high temperature of acid gas to shorten the life, although it can collect fly ash to some extent.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide an emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting, which aims to efficiently remove substances such as fly ash, heavy metal vapor, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides and the like in copper-containing waste smelting, and realize the purpose of emission reduction.
The invention provides an emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting, which is applied to a smelting furnace, wherein the smelting furnace is provided with a first exhaust port, the first exhaust port is used for exhausting waste gas, the waste gas comprises three harmful gases of hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides and fly ash, the emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting comprises a vortex device, a condensing device, an ash removing device, a three-stage cascade absorption device and a collecting device, the vortex device is communicated with the first exhaust port, the top of the vortex device is provided with a second exhaust port, the bottom of the vortex device is provided with a first air inlet communicated with the first exhaust port, the vortex device is used for driving the waste gas exhausted from the exhaust port to form spiral vortex and accelerating the exhaust of the waste gas from the second exhaust port, the condensing device is used for condensing and recycling heavy metal vapor in the waste gas exhausted from the first exhaust port, the ash removing device is communicated with the second exhaust port and comprises a first tank body, a plasma generator and an electric field generator, the first tank body is provided with a first closed cavity, a second air inlet, a third air inlet and a third exhaust port, the second air inlet, the third air inlet and the third exhaust port are communicated with the first closed cavity, residual waste gas except fly ash is discharged from the third exhaust port, the plasma generator is communicated with the third air inlet and is used for introducing argon plasma gas into the first closed cavity, the electric field generator is arranged on the first tank body and is used for generating an electric field for adsorbing fly ash, three-stage cascade absorption devices are respectively used for absorbing hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides in waste gas discharged from the third exhaust port, and a collection device is used for safely collecting waste gas discharged by the absorption device of the last stage.
In addition, the emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting, provided by the invention, can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
Further, the absorption device comprises a second tank body and a gas-liquid separation assembly, the second tank body is provided with a second closed cavity, a third air inlet and a fourth air outlet, the third air inlet and the fourth air outlet are communicated with the second closed cavity, the third air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the second closed cavity, the fourth air outlet is arranged at the top of the second closed cavity, the third air inlet on one second tank body is communicated with the third air outlet, the third air inlet on the adjacent second tank body is correspondingly communicated with the fourth air outlet, the corresponding absorbent solution is partially filled in the second closed cavity in each second tank body, and the gas-liquid separation assembly is communicated with the third air inlet and the fourth air outlet on the remaining adjacent second tank body and is used for generating a negative pressure state to absorb and accelerate waste gas in the second closed cavity.
Further, the second closed chamber-filled absorbent solution in the second tank in the absorption device for absorbing hydrogen sulfide is a1, 3-dimethylimidazolidinone solution, the second closed chamber-filled absorbent solution in the second tank in the absorption device for absorbing carbon dioxide is a hexane dicarboxamide salt solution, and the second closed chamber-filled absorbent solution in the second tank in the absorption device for absorbing nitrogen oxides is a tetra (imidazolyl) borate solution.
Further, the gas-liquid separation assembly comprises a stirrer and a centrifugal pump, the stirrer is rotationally arranged in the second closed cavity, the air inlet end of the centrifugal pump is connected with the fourth air outlet of the current-stage absorption device, the air outlet end of the centrifugal pump is connected with the third air inlet of the subsequent-stage absorption device, and the air outlet end of the centrifugal pump in the last-stage absorption device is also connected with the collecting device.
Further, the second tank body is further provided with a buffer cavity, the buffer cavity is located at the bottom of the second closed cavity, the air outlet end of the centrifugal pump is communicated with the buffer cavity, a partition plate is arranged between the buffer cavity and the second closed cavity, on-off air inlet channels are distributed on the partition plate in an array mode, and when the air pressure in the on-off air inlet channels is larger than a preset value, the on-off air inlet channels are opened.
Further, the buffer cavity is cylindrical, and the gas discharged into the buffer cavity is tangential to the circumferential direction of the buffer cavity.
Further, the opening and closing air inlet channel is a capillary channel.
Further, the vortex device comprises a ventilation pipe, an axial flow fan and helical blades, the ventilation pipe is a venturi pipe, a first air inlet is formed in one side of an air inlet section of the venturi pipe, a second air outlet is formed in one side of an air outlet section of the venturi pipe, the axial flow fan is arranged at the first air inlet, and the helical blades are arranged on the inner side pipe wall of the air outlet section of the ventilation pipe.
Further, the condensing device comprises a cooling medium conveying device and condensation scales, a water channel is arranged in the pipe wall of the ventilating pipe and the spiral blades, the water channel is connected with the cooling medium conveying device, the condensation scales are arranged on the surfaces of the inner pipe wall of the ventilating pipe and the spiral blades, and a collecting groove is arranged on the surfaces of the inner pipe wall of the ventilating pipe and the spiral blades and is used for collecting heavy metal liquid drops formed by liquefying the condensation scales.
Further, the bottom of the gas channel in the collecting device is provided with an oxygen isolation cavity, alkaline solution is contained in the oxygen isolation cavity, the bottom of the oxygen isolation cavity is provided with a jet head, the jet head is communicated with the exhaust end of the absorption device of the last stage, the side wall of the oxygen isolation cavity is provided with a sectional temperature control device, and the sectional temperature control device is used for enabling the alkaline solution in the oxygen isolation cavity to form a layered structure with the temperature distributed from top to bottom.
The invention has the advantages that the waste gas exhausted by the smelting furnace flows orderly through the vortex device, the waste gas is kept in a required flowing state, the subsequent separation of harmful gas and fly ash in the waste gas is facilitated, substances such as heavy metal vapor, fly ash, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides and the like in the waste gas are separated through the condensation device, the ash removal device and the absorption device in sequence, the residual waste gas is safely collected through the collection device, and finally, the content of the harmful substances in the collected waste gas is basically separated, thereby realizing the aim of emission reduction and avoiding the waste gas from polluting the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vortex device and a dust-removing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a condensing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a separator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an oxygen barrier according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Description of main reference numerals:
A smelting furnace 100 and a first exhaust port 110;
the vortex device 200, the second exhaust port 210, the first intake port 220, the ventilation pipe 230, the axial fan 240, the helical blade 250;
a condensing unit 300, a cooling medium transferring unit 310, and a condensing scale 320;
Ash removal device 400, first tank 410, first closed chamber 411, second air inlet 412, third air inlet 413, third air outlet 414, plasma generator 420, electric field generator 430;
the absorption device 500, the second tank 510, the second closed chamber 511, the third air inlet 512, the fourth air outlet 513, the buffer chamber 514, the baffle 515, the opening and closing air inlet channel 516, the gas-liquid separation component 520, the stirrer 521 and the centrifugal pump 522;
the collecting device 600, the oxygen isolation cavity 610, the jet head 611 and the sectional temperature control device 620;
water channel 700, header tank 800;
the invention will be further described in the following detailed description in conjunction with the above-described figures.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are presented in the figures. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the emission reduction device for smelting copper-containing waste provided by the application is applied to a smelting furnace 100, the smelting furnace 100 is provided with a first exhaust port 110, waste gas generated when the smelting furnace 100 smelts copper-containing waste is exhausted from the first exhaust port 110, the waste gas mainly comprises three harmful gases including hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides and fly ash, the nitrogen oxides mainly refer to nitrogen monoxide, the nitrogen monoxide can be converted into nitrogen dioxide when encountering oxygen, and as the raw material sources of the copper-containing waste mainly comprise wires and cables, waste circuit boards and waste electronic elements, more toxic chlorides in the fly ash are caused, and the chlorine compounds can form dioxin and other extremely toxic substances in the process of cooling, so that the environment and production operators are endangered. Therefore, the emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting can exactly remove the harmful gases and the harmful substances in the fly ash.
Specifically, the emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting comprises a vortex device 200, a condensing device 300, an ash removal device 400, an absorption device 500 and a collecting device 600.
The vortex device 200 is in communication with the first exhaust port 110, where the communication may be by connecting the vortex device 200 with the first exhaust port 110 via a pipe, the top of the vortex device 200 is provided with a second exhaust port 210, and the bottom of the vortex device 200 is provided with a first intake port 220 in communication with the first exhaust port 110. When the vortex device 200 works, the waste gas exhausted from the first air inlet 220 is sucked into the first air outlet 110 on the smelting furnace 100, the vortex device 200 processes the waste gas to form spiral vortex, and the waste gas is accelerated to be exhausted from the second air outlet 210, so that the waste gas exhausted from the vortex device 200 has a certain flow speed and pressure so as to be separated later.
When the condensing device 300 is operated, heavy metal vapor in the exhaust gas discharged from the first exhaust port 110 is condensed to obtain liquid heavy metal, and then the liquid heavy metal is recovered. Since the vapor pressure of the heavy metal is different from that of other gases, the condensing device 300 can separate the heavy metal vapor from the exhaust gas as long as the cooling temperature is reasonably set.
The ash removal device 400 is communicated with the second exhaust port 210, and the ash removal device 400 comprises a first tank 410, a plasma generator 420 and an electric field generator 430, wherein the first tank 410 is provided with a first closed chamber 411, a second air inlet 412, a third air inlet 413 and a third exhaust port 414, wherein the second air inlet 412, the third air inlet 413 and the third exhaust port 414 are communicated with the first closed chamber 411. The second air inlet 412 is located at the bottom of the first closed chamber 411, the third air inlet 413 is located on the sidewall of the first closed chamber 411, and the third air outlet 414 is located at the top of the first closed chamber 411. When the ash removing device 400 is operated, the fly ash entering the first closed chamber 411 from the second air inlet 412 is collected, and then the remaining exhaust gas excluding the fly ash is discharged from the third air outlet 414. The plasma generator 420 is communicated with the third air inlet 413, and when the plasma generator 420 works, argon plasma gas is introduced into the first closed chamber 411 through the third air inlet 413, so that charged argon plasma gas is attached to fly ash, and the waste gas discharged by the vortex device 200 is in a vortex state, so that the charged argon plasma gas can fully contact with the fly ash in the first closed chamber 411, and the fly ash is ensured to be charged. The electric field generator 430 is disposed on the first tank 410, when the electric field generator 430 works, an electric field capable of adsorbing fly ash is generated, so that the fly ash is adsorbed on the inner side wall of the first closed chamber 411, and then when the ion generator 420 and the electric field generator 430 do not work, the fly ash on the inner side wall of the first closed chamber 411 can be collected, so that the fly ash is prevented from flowing into other harmful gases in the next step along the air flow.
The three absorption devices 500 are sequentially cascaded together, and the three absorption devices 500 are respectively used for absorbing hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas discharged from the third exhaust port 414.
The collecting means 600 is used for safely collecting the exhaust gas discharged from the absorbing means 500 of the last stage.
It should be noted that, the smelting furnace 100 in this embodiment does not refer to a certain furnace, but refers to, for example, in a classical three-stage smelting process flow, copper-containing waste materials sequentially pass through a blast furnace smelting-converter converting-reflecting furnace, and finally electrolytic copper is generated, specifically, copper-containing waste materials pass through the blast furnace smelting to generate black copper with copper content of about 80%, the black copper sequentially enters the converter and the reflecting furnace to generate 96% of anode copper, finally electrolytic refining is performed to obtain 99.99% of cathode copper, and the blast furnace, the converter and the reflecting furnace all generate the waste gas in the smelting process and are collected and treated by the emission reduction device for copper-containing waste materials.
In this embodiment, the waste gas discharged from the smelting furnace 100 flows orderly through the vortex device 200, and the waste gas is kept in a required flowing state, so that the harmful gas and the fly ash in the waste gas can be separated conveniently, and then the waste gas sequentially passes through the condensing device 300, the ash removing device 400 and the absorbing device 500, and substances such as heavy metal vapor, the fly ash, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides and the like in the waste gas are separated, and finally the rest waste gas is collected through the collecting device 600. Since combustible gases such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide are also generated during the smelting process, the collecting device 600 must perform safe collection to prevent knocking after the concentration of the combustible gases reaches a certain level.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the absorption apparatus 500 includes a second tank 510 and a gas-liquid separation assembly 520, where the second tank 510 is provided with a second closed chamber 511 and a third gas inlet 512 and a fourth gas outlet 513 communicating with the second closed chamber 511. Specifically, the third air inlet 512 is disposed at the bottom of the second closed chamber 511, the fourth air outlet 513 is disposed at the top of the second closed chamber 511, wherein the third air inlet 512 on the second tank 510 in the first-stage absorber 500 is in communication with the third air outlet 414 on the ash removal device 400, the fourth air outlet 513 on the second tank 510 in the first-stage absorber 500 is in communication with the third air inlet 512 on the second tank 510 in the second-stage absorber 500, the fourth air outlet 513 on the second tank 510 in the second-stage absorber 500 is in communication with the third air inlet 512 on the second tank 510 in the third-stage absorber 500, and the fourth air outlet 513 on the second tank 510 in the third-stage absorber 500 is in communication with the collecting device 600. The second closed chambers 511 in the respective second tanks 510 are filled with the corresponding absorbent solutions, and the absorbent solutions do not fill the space in the second closed chambers 511, thereby absorbing the corresponding harmful gases in the exhaust gas. Illustratively, the second closed chamber 511 of the second tank 510 in the first-stage absorption device 500 may be filled with an absorbent solution for absorbing hydrogen sulfide, the second closed chamber 511 of the second tank 510 in the second-stage absorption device 500 may be filled with an absorbent solution for absorbing carbon dioxide, and the second closed chamber 511 of the second tank 510 in the first-stage absorption device 500 may be filled with an absorbent solution for absorbing nitrogen oxides. The gas-liquid separation module 520 communicates the fourth gas outlet 513 on the second tank 510 in the first stage absorber 500 with the third gas inlet 512 on the second tank 510 in the second stage absorber 500, and communicates the fourth gas outlet 513 on the second tank 510 in the second stage absorber 500 with the third gas inlet 512 on the second tank 510 in the third stage absorber 500, and communicates the fourth gas outlet 513 on the second tank 510 in the third stage absorber 500 with the collection device 600. When the gas-liquid separation assembly 520 works, a negative pressure state is generated, and the waste gas in the second closed chamber 511 is pumped away under the negative pressure effect and is discharged into the next stage of treatment node under the acceleration effect of the gas-liquid separation assembly 520.
In some alternative embodiments, the absorbent solution filled in the second closed chamber 511 of the second tank 510 of the absorption apparatus 500 for absorbing hydrogen sulfide is a1, 3-dimethylimidazolidinone solution, and 1, 3-dimethylimidazolidinone is a weak alkaline physical solvent, which is an aprotic highly polar solvent having a strong solubility property, which can dissolve not only organic substances but also many inorganic compounds, and has an activation property for various reagents, which can accelerate the reaction speed, increase the product yield, is not easily hydrolyzed in an aqueous solution, can be stably present in a hot alkaline solution or an acidic solution, and can efficiently absorb hydrogen sulfide in exhaust gas because the solubility for carbon dioxide is at a moderate position and the solubility for hydrogen sulfide is at a high position, which can be generally eight to ten times the solubility for carbon dioxide.
The absorbent solution filled in the second closed chamber 511 in the second tank 510 of the absorption device 500 for absorbing carbon dioxide is a hexane dicarboxamide salt solution. The process of absorbing carbon dioxide by a solution of a hexanediamide salt involves a chemical reaction in which carbon dioxide reacts with an amine compound to form the corresponding amine salt, in which process the carbon dioxide first reacts with the amine molecule to eventually form a stable amine salt. The absorbed carbon dioxide may then be released from the amine salt by heating or depressurizing the amine salt.
The absorbent solution filled in the second closed chamber in the second tank in the absorption device for absorbing nitrogen oxides is a tetra (imidazolyl) borate solution. The tetra (imidazolyl) borate solution has good absorption effect on nitric oxide, and the efficient absorption capacity of the ionic solution is derived from the tetrahedral structure of boric acid anions, so that the structure forms a mechanism for chemically absorbing nitric oxide at multiple sites.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4, gas-liquid separation assembly 520 includes an agitator 521, a centrifugal pump 522. The stirrer 521 is rotatably disposed in the second closed chamber 511, and when the stirrer 521 works, the absorbent solution in the second closed chamber 511 is sufficiently contacted with the corresponding harmful gas by stirring, so as to improve the absorption reaction efficiency of the absorbent solution, and meanwhile, the other gas dissociated in the absorbent solution is also beneficial to overflowing from the absorbent solution. The air inlet end of the centrifugal pump 522 is connected with the fourth air outlet 513 on the second tank 510 of the current-stage absorption device 500, the air outlet end of the centrifugal pump 522 is connected with the third air inlet 512 of the absorption device 500 of the subsequent stage of the current-stage absorption device 500, and the air outlet end of the centrifugal pump 522 in the gas-liquid separation assembly 520 corresponding to the absorption device 500 of the final stage is also connected with the collecting device 600, so that the transfer of the residual waste gas is realized. Moreover, since centrifugal pump 522 has a pressurizing effect, good absorption reaction conditions can be provided for the absorbent solution at the subsequent absorption treatment node.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the second tank 510 is further provided with a buffer cavity 514, the buffer cavity 514 is located at the bottom of the second closed chamber 511, an air outlet end of the centrifugal pump 522 is communicated with the buffer cavity 514, a partition plate 515 is arranged between the buffer cavity 514 and the second closed chamber 511, and on-off air inlet channels 516 are distributed on the partition plate 515 in an array manner. When the gas pressure in the opening and closing intake passage 516 is greater than a preset value, the opening and closing intake passage 516 is opened, and when the gas pressure in the opening and closing intake passage 516 is less than a preset value, the opening and closing intake passage 516 is closed. By this arrangement, when the gas in the buffer chamber 514 does not reach the preset pressure, the gas inlet channel 516 is closed and opened, so as to prevent the absorbent solution in the second closed chamber 511 from flowing back into the buffer chamber 514. In addition, in this embodiment, by providing the buffer chamber 514, the partition 515, and the open-close air inlet passages 516 distributed on the partition 515 in an array manner, the gas flowing uniformly can be provided in the second closed chamber 511, so that the gas and the absorbent solution are in uniform contact, and the absorption reaction effect of the absorbent solution is improved.
In some alternative embodiments, buffer chamber 514 is cylindrical in shape and the gas discharged into buffer chamber 514 is tangential to the circumference of buffer chamber 514. By the arrangement, turbulent flow of the gas entering the buffer cavity 514 can be avoided, and even flowing gas cannot be provided for the second tank 510, conversely, the gas discharged into the buffer cavity 514 is distributed evenly in the buffer cavity 514, and the gas can flow into the second closed cavity 511 from the opening and closing air inlet channel 516 evenly, so that the absorption reaction of the absorbent solution is prevented from being influenced by pressure fluctuation in the second closed cavity 511.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the open-close air inlet channel 516 is a capillary channel, and the capillary channel is formed by a narrow U-shaped channel, and is acted on by capillary force (the smaller the inner diameter of the U-shaped channel is, the more obvious the capillary force is), so that droplets formed by the absorbent solution in the second closed chamber 511 stay in the narrow channel. When the gas in the buffer chamber 514 reaches the preset pressure, the droplets are pushed to rise in the narrow U-shaped pipeline under the action of the gas pressure until the pressure gas fills the capillary channel, and then the gas sequentially enters the second closed chamber 511. When the gas in the buffer cavity 514 does not reach the preset pressure, the liquid drops reenter the capillary channel, so that the capillary channel is blocked.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the vortex device 200 includes a ventilation pipe 230, an axial fan 240, and a helical blade 250, where the ventilation pipe 230 is a venturi pipe, a first air inlet 220 is formed on one side of an air inlet section of the venturi pipe, a second air outlet 210 is formed on one side of an air outlet section of the venturi pipe, the axial fan 240 is disposed at the first air inlet 220, and the helical blade 250 is disposed on an inner pipe wall of the air outlet section of the ventilation pipe 230. In operation, the axial flow fan 240 uniformly accelerates the exhaust gas and blows the exhaust gas into the inlet section of the venturi tube, and the exhaust gas is uniformly flowed through the pressure reduction and acceleration of the middle section of the venturi tube and then the spiral vortex is formed through the action of the spiral blades 250.
In this embodiment, after the spiral vortex enters the first closed chamber 411 from the second air inlet 412 of the first tank 410, the charged argon plasma gas is fully mixed with the fly ash, so that the argon plasma gas is beneficial to adhering to the fly ash, and the fly ash is fully adsorbed on the inner side wall of the first closed chamber 411 when the electric field generated by the electric field generator 430 acts, so that the fly ash is prevented from flowing to the subsequent processing node along with the air flow.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the condensing device 300 includes a cooling medium transferring device 310 and a condensing scale 320, a water channel 700 is disposed in the pipe wall of the ventilating pipe 230 and the spiral blade 250, the water channel 700 is connected with the cooling medium transferring device 310 through a pipe, the cooling medium transferring device 310 inputs circulating cooling water into the water channel 700, the condensing scale 320 is disposed on the inner pipe wall of the ventilating pipe 230 and the surface of the spiral blade 250, the contact area with the exhaust gas can be increased by the condensing scale 320, the condensing efficiency is improved, and the collecting grooves 800 are disposed on the inner pipe wall of the ventilating pipe 230 and the surface of the spiral blade 250, and are used for collecting heavy metal droplets formed by liquefying the condensing scale 320.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, the bottom of the gas channel in the collecting device 600 is provided with an oxygen isolation cavity 610, the oxygen isolation cavity 610 is filled with alkaline solution, so that the acid gas which is not treated cleanly by the pretreatment nodes can be absorbed by the alkaline solution, the bottom of the oxygen isolation cavity 610 is provided with a jet head 611, the jet head 611 is communicated with a fourth air outlet 513 on the second tank 510 corresponding to the last stage of the absorbing device 300, the side wall of the oxygen isolation cavity 610 is provided with a sectional temperature control device 620, and the sectional temperature control device 620 is used for forming a layered structure with the alkaline solution in the oxygen isolation cavity 610 distributed from top to bottom.
In this embodiment, since the alkaline solution contained in the oxygen isolation chamber 610 has a temperature gradient in the vertical direction, the fluids with different densities are separated from each other to form different temperature layers, and the vertical mixing between the temperature layers cannot be smoothly performed, so that a low oxygen condition is formed in the temperature layer at the bottom, and thus, oxygen in the atmosphere cannot enter the previous treatment device from the collection device 600 in a large amount, the oxygen and the combustible gas in the waste gas are prevented from being mixed to reach the deflagration condition, and the safety of the device is improved.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a copper-containing waste material smelts with reducing emission device, is applied to the smelting furnace, the smelting furnace is equipped with first gas vent, first gas vent is used for discharging waste gas, and waste gas includes three kinds of harmful gas and the flying ash of hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, its characterized in that, copper-containing waste material smelts with reducing emission device includes:
The vortex device is communicated with the first exhaust port, a second exhaust port is arranged at the top of the vortex device, a first air inlet communicated with the first exhaust port is arranged at the bottom of the vortex device, and the vortex device is used for driving waste gas exhausted from the first exhaust port to form a spiral vortex and accelerating the exhaust of the waste gas from the second exhaust port;
the condensing device is used for condensing and recycling heavy metal vapor in the waste gas discharged from the first exhaust port;
The ash handling equipment, with the second gas vent intercommunication, ash handling equipment includes:
The first tank body is provided with a first closed cavity, a second air inlet, a third air inlet and a third air outlet, wherein the second air inlet, the third air inlet and the third air outlet are communicated with the first closed cavity, and the rest waste gas except the fly ash is discharged from the third air outlet;
The plasma generator is communicated with the third air inlet and is used for introducing argon plasma gas into the first closed cavity;
the electric field generator is arranged on the first tank body and is used for generating an electric field for adsorbing the fly ash;
The three-stage cascade absorption devices are respectively used for absorbing hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas discharged from the third exhaust port and discharging residual gas;
The collecting device is used for safely collecting the waste gas discharged by the absorbing device at the last stage;
the absorption device comprises:
The second tank body is provided with a second airtight chamber, a third air inlet and a fourth air outlet which are communicated with the second airtight chamber, the third air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the second airtight chamber, the fourth air outlet is arranged at the top of the second airtight chamber, one of the third air inlets on the second tank body is communicated with the third air outlet, the third air inlet and the fourth air outlet on the adjacent second tank body are correspondingly communicated, and the second airtight chamber in each second tank body is filled with corresponding absorbent solution;
the gas-liquid separation assembly is communicated with the third air inlet and the fourth air outlet which are arranged on the rest adjacent second tank body and is used for generating a negative pressure state so as to absorb and accelerate the waste gas in the second closed cavity;
The bottom of the gas channel in the collecting device is provided with an oxygen isolation cavity, alkaline solution is contained in the oxygen isolation cavity, the bottom of the oxygen isolation cavity is provided with a jet head, the jet head is communicated with the exhaust end of the absorbing device of the last stage, the side wall of the oxygen isolation cavity is provided with a sectional temperature control device, and the sectional temperature control device is used for enabling the alkaline solution in the oxygen isolation cavity to form a layered structure with the temperature distributed from top to bottom.
2. The emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting according to claim 1, wherein the absorbent solution filled in the second closed chamber in the second tank in the absorption device for absorbing hydrogen sulfide is a1, 3-dimethylimidazolidinone solution, the absorbent solution filled in the second closed chamber in the second tank in the absorption device for absorbing carbon dioxide is a hexane dicarboxamide solution, and the absorbent solution filled in the second closed chamber in the second tank in the absorption device for absorbing nitrogen oxides is a tetra (imidazolyl) borate solution.
3. The emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting according to claim 1, wherein the gas-liquid separation assembly comprises:
The stirrer is rotationally arranged in the second closed cavity;
the air inlet end of the centrifugal pump is connected with the fourth air outlet of the absorption device of the current stage, and the air outlet end of the centrifugal pump is connected with the third air inlet of the absorption device of the subsequent stage;
and the air outlet end of the centrifugal pump in the absorption device at the last stage is also connected with the collecting device.
4. The emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting according to claim 3, wherein the second tank body is further provided with a buffer cavity, the buffer cavity is located at the bottom of the second closed chamber, the air outlet end of the centrifugal pump is communicated with the buffer cavity, a partition plate is arranged between the buffer cavity and the second closed chamber, on-off air inlet channels are distributed on the partition plate in an array mode, and when the gas pressure in the on-off air inlet channels is larger than a preset value, the on-off air inlet channels are opened.
5. The apparatus for reducing copper-containing waste smelting as defined in claim 4, wherein the buffer chamber is cylindrical, and the gas discharged into the buffer chamber is tangential to the circumferential direction of the buffer chamber.
6. The emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting as defined in claim 4, wherein the open-close air intake passage is a capillary passage.
7. The emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the vortex device comprises:
the ventilation pipe is a venturi pipe, one side of an air inlet section of the venturi pipe forms the first air inlet, and one side of an air outlet section of the venturi pipe forms the second air outlet;
The axial flow fan is arranged at the first air inlet;
The helical blades are arranged on the inner pipe wall of the air outlet section of the ventilation pipe.
8. The copper-containing waste smelting emission reduction device according to claim 7, wherein the condensing device comprises a cooling medium conveying device and condensation scales, water channels are arranged in the pipe wall of the ventilating pipe and the spiral blades, the water channels are connected with the cooling medium conveying device, the condensation scales are arranged on the inner pipe wall of the ventilating pipe and the surfaces of the spiral blades, flow collecting grooves are formed in the inner pipe wall of the ventilating pipe and the surfaces of the spiral blades, and the flow collecting grooves are used for collecting heavy metal liquid drops formed by liquefying the condensation scales.
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| CN213273801U (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2021-05-25 | 上海承蓝环境工程有限公司 | Smelting waste gas recovery processing device |
| CN115475487A (en) * | 2022-09-11 | 2022-12-16 | 昆明理工大学 | System and method for absorbing organic matters in waste tire waste gas through pyrolysis |
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| EP2145667A1 (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2010-01-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for separation of carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas of a fossil fuel-powered power plant |
| KR102391714B1 (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-05-02 | (주)항성메탈 | Method of treating waste electrical and electronic products |
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| CN213273801U (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2021-05-25 | 上海承蓝环境工程有限公司 | Smelting waste gas recovery processing device |
| CN115475487A (en) * | 2022-09-11 | 2022-12-16 | 昆明理工大学 | System and method for absorbing organic matters in waste tire waste gas through pyrolysis |
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