CN119288611A - A solar and wind energy heating hanging paving system and method for preventing freezing damage in cold-region tunnels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar and wind energy heating hanging paving system and method for preventing freezing damage in cold-region tunnels. The system comprises a solar power generation device, a wind power generation device, a solar cooker, a hanging paving pulley device and a heating cable pipeline; the solar cooker is connected to the heating cable pipeline at the entrance section of the tunnel; the heating cable pipeline is laid in the central ditch of the tunnel and the surface of the secondary lining of the tunnel; the solar power generation device and the wind power generation device are located outside the entrance section of the tunnel, and respectively provide power to the power supply in the tunnel; the hanging paving pulley device is embedded in the surface of the secondary lining of the tunnel, and the hanging paving pulley device can drive the heating cable pipeline on the surface of the secondary lining of the tunnel to move longitudinally along the tunnel; the invention can make full use of clean energy in cold regions, has high heating efficiency, good thermal insulation effect, simple device structure, can automatically adjust the heating power according to the ambient temperature, does not require manual supervision, can completely solve the freezing damage problem of tunnels in cold regions, enhance the durability of tunnel structures, and ensure driving safety.

Description

Solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system and method for preventing cold damage of tunnel in cold region

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of freeze injury prevention of tunnels in cold regions, in particular to a solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system and method for freeze injury prevention of tunnels in cold regions.

Background

More and more tunnel engineering is built in cold areas, the cold areas are widely distributed and concentrated in high-latitude and high-altitude areas, freezing and thawing actions faced by engineering construction and operation can cause lining freezing damage and expansion, vault ice hanging, freezing of drainage systems, accumulated ice on ballast beds and expansion cracking and other diseases, serious damage to tunnel structures can be caused, and service life of the tunnel structures is greatly shortened. In addition, if accumulated water on the lining structure is not timely solved and ice is hung, the generated icicles, ice cones and the like can invade the tunnel limit, and in addition, the blocking caused by the expansion crack, the freezing injury of the ballast bed and the like can bring great hidden danger to the safety of personnel in travelling crane and tunnel.

In order to improve the anti-freezing and heat-insulating capacity of the tunnel in the cold region and reduce the problem of engineering diseases caused by freeze thawing cycle, a great deal of research work is carried out by students at home and abroad. Conventional tunnel freeze injury prevention and control techniques can be classified into passive prevention and control and active prevention and control. The passive prevention and control measures mainly comprise a cold-proof heat-insulating door, a heat-insulating layer, and the like, and the active prevention and control measures comprise an electric tracing method, a ground source heat pump method, an air curtain heat-insulating method, and the like. When the measures of preventing and controlling the freezing injury of the tunnel in the cold region are mainly passive prevention and control, the construction process is complex, the cost investment is large, and the maintenance cost is high. The electric tracing method in the active prevention and control measure adopts the electric tracing wire to electrify to convert the electric energy into heat energy, and transmits the heat energy to the heated body, so as to achieve the heating and heat preservation effects required by the system, and the tunnel waterproof and drainage system is always kept in a positive temperature state through heat dissipation, thereby achieving the purpose of tunnel cold prevention.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system and a method for preventing the cold region tunnel from being frozen, so as to thoroughly solve the problem of freezing injury of the cold region tunnel and ensure normal operation of the tunnel.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

The invention provides a solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system for preventing cold injury of a tunnel in a cold region, which comprises a solar power generation device, a wind power generation device, a solar stove, a hanging and paving pulley device and a heating cable pipeline, wherein the solar stove is connected with a heating cable pipeline at the entrance section of the tunnel, the heating cable pipeline is paved at a central ditch of the tunnel and the surface of a second lining of the tunnel, the solar power generation device and the wind power generation device are positioned at the outer side of the entrance section of the tunnel and respectively provide electric energy for a power supply in the tunnel, the hanging and paving pulley device is embedded at the surface of the second lining of the tunnel, and the hanging and paving pulley device can drive the heating cable pipeline at the surface of the second lining of the tunnel to longitudinally move along the tunnel.

In some embodiments of the invention, the heating cable pipeline at the central ditch of the tunnel is laid along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the heating cable pipeline at the surface of the second lining of the tunnel is laid between the second lining of the tunnel and the heat insulation layer, is laid along the circumferential direction of the tunnel and is distributed in an S shape.

In some embodiments of the invention, the heating cable lines at the tunnel center gutter and the tunnel secondary lining surface are connected to a power supply in the tunnel, and an NTC thermistor is arranged inside the power supply.

In some embodiments of the invention, the heating cable pipeline comprises a heating copper wire, an insulating material magnesium oxide and a stainless steel sheath which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, wherein the heating copper wire is used for generating heat, the magnesium oxide serves as the insulating material, the stainless steel sheath conducts heat, and a heat preservation sleeve is further sleeved outside the heating cable pipeline positioned at the tunnel portal section.

In some embodiments of the invention, the solar cooker is arranged outside the entrance end of the tunnel, and the solar cooker heats the stainless steel jacket of the heating cable pipeline of the tunnel entrance section.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the hanging pulley device comprises a moving pulley, wherein the bottom of the moving pulley is connected with the heating cable pipeline, and the moving pulley moves along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, so as to drive the heating cable pipeline to move along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

In some embodiments of the invention, the hanging pulley means is provided in plurality along both the circumferential and longitudinal directions of the tunnel.

In a second aspect of the invention, a working method of a solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system for preventing freezing injury of a tunnel in a cold region is provided, which comprises the following steps:

The solar energy is independently warmed, namely, the solar energy is utilized in two parts, one part directly gathers heat on a stainless steel sheath of a heating cable through a solar cooker, the warming of an inlet section is accelerated, the heat is transferred from the inlet section to the inside, and the other part converts light energy into electric energy through solar power generation equipment and stores the electric energy into a power supply to convert the electric energy into heat energy;

the wind energy independent temperature increasing mode is that wind energy is converted into electric energy through a wind energy generating device, the electric energy is stored in a power supply, and the electric energy is converted into heat energy;

the solar energy-wind energy combined heating mode is that a tunnel is heated through a solar cooker, solar power generation equipment and wind power generation equipment.

In some embodiments of the invention, during the warming of the tunnel, the NTC thermistor within the power supply adjusts the heating power generated by the heating cable in accordance with the ambient temperature.

In a third aspect of the invention, a construction method of a solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system for preventing freezing injury of a tunnel in a cold region is provided, and the construction method comprises the following steps:

Constructing an initial support and a secondary lining after tunnel excavation;

A hanging pulley device is arranged on the secondary lining, a heating cable line is paved on the surface of the secondary lining, and the heating cable line is connected with the hanging pulley device and a power supply in a tunnel to form a closed loop;

a heating cable pipeline is paved at the central ditch and is connected with a power supply in the tunnel to form a closed loop;

an NTC thermistor is arranged in a power supply in the tunnel, and the output power is regulated according to the ambient temperature;

A solar cooker is arranged above the entrance section of the tunnel and is connected with a heating cable pipeline in the tunnel;

a heat insulation layer is paved outside the heating cable in the tunnel, and a heat insulation sleeve is arranged on the heating cable outside the entrance section;

a solar power generation device and a wind power generation device are arranged on the outer side of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and an output wire is connected with a power supply in the tunnel to provide electric energy for normal operation of the system.

One or more of the technical schemes of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The solar energy and wind energy warming hanging and paving system for preventing the cold region tunnel from being frozen provided by the invention can fully utilize clean energy in the cold region, has high heat supply efficiency and good heat preservation effect, has a simple structure, can adjust heating power according to the ambient temperature without manual duty, can extend along the driving direction through the hanging and paving pulley device for heating cables and heat preservation layers, is convenient to use, can thoroughly solve the problem of freezing injury in the cold region tunnel, enhances the durability of a tunnel structure, and ensures the driving safety.

(2) The solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system for preventing the cold region tunnel from being frozen provided by the invention has the advantages that the heating cable is paved on the surfaces of the central ditch and the second lining of the tunnel, the central ditch and the lining structure can be heated and insulated, and the occurrence of the freezing injury of the tunnel is avoided, wherein the heating cable at the second lining of the tunnel is circumferentially paved along the tunnel and distributed in an S shape, can longitudinally move along the tunnel through the hanging and paving pulley device, and the heating range of the inlet section can be adjusted according to the site situation.

(3) The solar energy and wind energy warming hanging system for preventing the cold region tunnel from being frozen can select a proper working mode according to weather conditions, electric energy comes from solar energy and wind energy in the running process of the system, clean energy is utilized, in addition, the solar energy is comprehensively utilized through the arranged solar power generation device and the solar cooker, the solar cooker heats the stainless steel sheath of the heating cable pipeline at the entrance section of the tunnel, the warming of the heating cable pipeline at the entrance section is accelerated, and the probability of freezing injury at the entrance of the tunnel is effectively reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system for preventing freezing injury of a tunnel in a cold region;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a heating cable line arrangement of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a view showing the internal construction of the heating cable line of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of solar and wind power generation according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the solar panel of the present invention.

In the figure, the primary support, the secondary lining, the heat insulation layer, the heating cable line, the surrounding rock, the central ditch, the solar cooker, the solar power generation device, the wind power generation device, the heat insulation sleeve, the power supply, the pulley device, the 1201U-shaped track, the 1202, the pulley, the 1203, the metal collar, the 13, the stainless steel sheath, the 14, the insulating material magnesium oxide, the 15 and the heating copper wire are respectively arranged on the primary support, the 2, the secondary lining, the heat insulation layer, the heating cable line, the 5, the surrounding rock, the central ditch, the 7, the solar power stove, the 8, the solar power generation device, the 9, the wind power generation device, the 10, the heat insulation sleeve, the 11, the power supply, the 12, the pulley device for hanging and the U-shaped track.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.

Example 1

Aiming at the problems in the prior art mentioned in the background art, the inventor finds that the cold region has the regional characteristics of strong light and strong wind, and the solar energy and the wind energy have the advantages of low carbon, energy conservation, reproducibility and the like, but the device and the technology lack of adaptability are not applied to tunnels in the cold region on a large scale, and the utilization rate of clean energy is still low. For this reason, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a solar and wind energy heating hanging and paving system for preventing freezing injury of a tunnel in a cold region is provided, as shown in fig. 1-6, the solar and wind energy heating hanging and paving system comprises a solar power generation device 8, a wind power generation device 9, a solar stove 7, a hanging and paving pulley device 12 and a heating cable pipeline 4, wherein the solar stove 7 is connected with a heating cable pipeline at a tunnel entrance section, the heating cable pipeline 4 is paved at a central ditch of the tunnel and a secondary lining surface of the tunnel, the solar power generation device 8 and the wind power generation device 9 are located at the outer side of the tunnel entrance section and respectively provide electric energy for a power supply 11 in the tunnel, the hanging and paving pulley device 12 is embedded at the secondary lining surface of the tunnel, and the hanging and paving pulley device 12 can drive the heating cable pipeline at the secondary lining surface of the tunnel to move longitudinally along the tunnel.

In the embodiment, the heating cable pipeline 4 at the central ditch 6 of the tunnel is longitudinally paved along the tunnel, the heating cable pipeline 4 at the secondary lining surface of the tunnel is paved between the secondary lining 2 and the heat insulation layer 3 of the tunnel and is tightly attached to the secondary lining 2, the heating cable pipeline 4 is circumferentially paved along the tunnel and distributed in an S shape, the heating cable pipeline 4 can longitudinally move along the tunnel through the hanging and paving pulley device, and the heating range of the inlet section can be adjusted according to the field condition.

In this embodiment, the central ditch 6 of the tunnel and the heating cable line 4 on the surface of the secondary lining 2 of the tunnel are both connected to the power supply 11 in the tunnel, an NTC thermistor is disposed in the power supply 11, the NTC thermistor uses metal oxides such as manganese, cobalt, nickel and copper as main materials, and when the temperature is low, the number of carriers (electrons and holes) of these oxide materials is small, so that the resistance value is high, and as the temperature increases, the number of carriers increases, so that the resistance value decreases, and the NTC thermistor changes the resistance value according to the ambient temperature, so as to regulate the heat generating power of the heating cable 4, thereby realizing the temperature control of the heating cable line 4.

As shown in fig. 4, the heating cable line 4 comprises a heat-generating copper wire 15, an insulating material magnesium oxide 14 and a stainless steel sheath 13 which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, wherein the stainless steel sheath acts as a protective tube, has excellent heat-conducting property and strong corrosion resistance, and magnesium oxide powder is filled between the stainless steel sheath 13 and the heat-generating copper wire 15, which is a ceramic material and acts as an insulator. The magnesium oxide insulating material is arranged outside the heating copper wire, so that current can be prevented from contacting the sheath. Under normal pressure, magnesium oxide has good heat conducting property. The high-purity magnesium oxide has excellent alkali resistance and electrical insulation at high temperature, and has high thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity and good light permeability. Widely used as high temperature heat resistant material. The heat is transferred by filling the magnesia, so that the heating cable can heat the lining surface and the central ditch, and can play a role in water resistance.

Further, the heat insulation sleeve 10 is further sleeved outside the heating cable pipeline at the tunnel portal section, so that the heating cable pipeline at the tunnel portal section can be insulated.

In this embodiment, the heating pipeline 4 is divided into two parts, and the heating pipeline 4 in the tunnel hole is heated by conduction, and the heating pipeline outside the tunnel hole is heated only by a solar cooker. The solar cooker 7 is connected with a heating pipeline outside the tunnel hole, the solar cooker 7 is arranged outside the entrance end of the tunnel, the solar cooker 7 is utilized to heat the stainless steel jacket of the heating cable pipeline 4 of the tunnel hole section, and heat conduction is carried out through the stainless steel jacket, so that the tunnel hole is heated. The heating pipeline outside the tunnel hole is connected with the heating pipeline in the tunnel hole. The circuit of the heating line in the tunnel hole can be closed and the heating is performed by conduction.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the hanging pulley device 12 includes a U-shaped track 1201, a pulley 1202, and a metal ring 1203, in which the heating cable is sleeved in the metal ring, and the movement of the pulley on the U-shaped track is controlled to drive the heating cable line to move longitudinally in the tunnel, so that the heating range of the inlet section can be adjusted according to the field situation, and the use is convenient.

Further, the hanging pulley device 12 is arranged in a plurality along the circumferential direction and the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the solar panel of the solar power generation device may adjust the inclination angle of the solar panel in real time according to the illumination intensity, so as to ensure that the solar power generation device has higher power generation efficiency.

The solar energy wind energy heating hanging system for preventing cold injury in the tunnel in the cold region provided by the embodiment has three operation modes, and comprises:

The solar energy and wind energy combined heating system comprises a solar energy independent heating mode and a wind energy independent heating mode. In general, a solar energy-wind energy combined temperature increasing mode is adopted in daytime, a wind energy independent temperature increasing mode is adopted in overcast and rainy days or at night, and a solar energy independent temperature increasing mode is adopted in windless weather.

The first operation mode is a solar energy independent heating mode, solar energy is utilized in two parts, one part directly gathers heat on a stainless steel sheath 13 of a heating cable through a solar cooker 7 to accelerate the heating of an inlet section and transfer the heat from the inlet section to the inside, the other part converts light energy into electric energy through a solar power generation device 8 and stores the electric energy in a power supply 11, and an NTC thermistor in the power supply adjusts heat generation power of the heating cable 4 according to the ambient temperature to convert the electric energy into heat energy.

The second operation mode is an independent wind energy temperature increasing mode, wind energy is converted into electric energy through a wind energy generating device 9 and is stored in a power supply 11, and an NTC thermistor in the power supply adjusts heat generating power of the heating cable 4 according to the ambient temperature to convert the electric energy into heat energy.

The third operation mode is a solar energy-wind energy combined heating mode, the tunnel is heated through a solar cooker 7, a solar power generation device 8 and a wind power generation device 9, and the NTC thermistor in the power supply 11 adjusts the heat power generated by the heating cable 4 according to the ambient temperature.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the solar and wind energy warming hanging system for preventing freezing injury of the tunnel in the cold region can be implemented as follows:

1. and constructing an initial support and a secondary lining after tunnel excavation.

2. And installing hanging pulley equipment.

3. And a heating cable pipeline is paved on the surface of the secondary lining, connected with the paving device and connected with a power supply in the tunnel, so as to form a closed loop.

4. And a heating cable pipeline is paved at the central ditch and is connected with a power supply in the tunnel, so that a closed loop is formed.

5. An NTC thermistor is arranged in the power supply in the tunnel, and the output power is regulated according to the ambient temperature.

6. And a solar cooker is arranged above the entrance section of the tunnel and is connected with a heating cable in the tunnel.

7. An insulating layer is paved outside the heating cable in the tunnel, and a heat insulation sleeve is arranged on the heating cable outside the inlet section.

8. The solar power generation device and the wind power generation device are arranged on the outer side of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and an output wire is connected with a power supply in the tunnel to provide electric energy for normal operation of the device.

Example 2

In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a working method of a solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system for preventing freezing injury of a tunnel in a cold region is provided, which comprises the following steps:

The solar energy is independently warmed, namely, the solar energy is utilized in two parts, one part directly gathers heat on a stainless steel sheath of a heating cable through a solar cooker, the warming of an inlet section is accelerated, the heat is transferred from the inlet section to the inside, and the other part converts light energy into electric energy through solar power generation equipment and stores the electric energy into a power supply to convert the electric energy into heat energy;

the wind energy independent temperature increasing mode is that wind energy is converted into electric energy through a wind energy generating device, the electric energy is stored in a power supply, and the electric energy is converted into heat energy;

the solar energy-wind energy combined heating mode is that a tunnel is heated through a solar cooker, solar power generation equipment and wind power generation equipment.

Further, in the process of heating the tunnel, the NTC thermistor in the power supply adjusts the heat generating power of the heating cable according to the ambient temperature.

Example 3

In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a construction method of a solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system for preventing freezing injury of a tunnel in a cold region is provided, which comprises the following steps:

Constructing an initial support and a secondary lining after tunnel excavation;

Installing a hanging pulley device on the secondary lining, paving a heating cable line on the surface of the secondary lining, connecting the heating cable line with the hanging device and connecting the heating cable line with a power supply in a tunnel to form a closed loop;

a heating cable pipeline is paved at the central ditch and is connected with a power supply in the tunnel to form a closed loop;

an NTC thermistor is arranged in a power supply in the tunnel, and the output power is regulated according to the ambient temperature;

A solar cooker is arranged above the entrance section of the tunnel and is connected with a heating cable pipeline in the tunnel;

a heat insulation layer is paved outside the heating cable in the tunnel, and a heat insulation sleeve is arranged on the heating cable outside the entrance section;

a solar power generation device and a wind power generation device are arranged on the outer side of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and an output wire is connected with a power supply in the tunnel to provide electric energy for normal operation of the system.

While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system for the cold region tunnel freeze injury prevention is characterized by comprising a solar power generation device, a wind power generation device, a solar cooker, a hanging and paving pulley device and a heating cable pipeline, wherein the solar cooker is connected with a heating cable pipeline at the tunnel entrance section, the heating cable pipeline is paved at the central ditch of the tunnel and the surface of a second lining of the tunnel, the solar power generation device and the wind power generation device are positioned at the outer side of the tunnel entrance section and respectively provide electric energy for a power supply in the tunnel, the hanging and paving pulley device is embedded at the surface of the second lining of the tunnel, and the hanging and paving pulley device can drive the heating cable pipeline at the surface of the second lining of the tunnel to longitudinally move along the tunnel.

2. The cold area tunnel freeze injury prevention solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system according to claim 1, wherein a heating cable pipeline at a central ditch of the tunnel is paved along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the heating cable pipeline at the surface of a second lining of the tunnel is paved between the second lining of the tunnel and the heat preservation layer, is paved along the circumferential direction of the tunnel and is distributed in an S shape.

3. The solar and wind energy warming hanging system for preventing cold injury of tunnel in cold area according to claim 2, wherein the heating cable pipelines at the central ditch of the tunnel and the surface of the second lining of the tunnel are connected with a power supply in the tunnel, and an NTC thermistor is arranged in the power supply.

4. The cold area tunnel freeze injury prevention solar and wind energy warming hanging system according to claim 1, wherein the heating cable pipeline comprises a heating copper wire, an insulating material magnesium oxide and a stainless steel sheath which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and a heat preservation sleeve is sleeved outside the heating cable pipeline at the tunnel opening section.

5. The cold area tunnel freeze injury prevention solar and wind energy warming hanging system according to claim 4, wherein the solar cooker is arranged outside the tunnel entrance end and heats the stainless steel jacket of the heating cable pipeline of the tunnel entrance section.

6. The cold tunnel freeze injury prevention solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system according to claim 1, wherein the hanging and paving pulley device comprises a movable pulley, wherein the bottom of the movable pulley is connected with a heating cable pipeline, and the movable pulley moves longitudinally along the tunnel so as to drive the heating cable pipeline to move longitudinally along the tunnel.

7. The solar and wind energy warming hanging system for preventing cold injury of tunnel in cold area according to claim 6, wherein the hanging pulley device is arranged in plurality along the circumferential direction and the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

8. A method of operating a solar and wind energy warming hanging system for preventing freeze injury in a cold tunnel according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising:

The solar energy is independently warmed, namely, the solar energy is utilized in two parts, one part directly gathers heat on a stainless steel sheath of a heating cable through a solar cooker, the warming of an inlet section is accelerated, the heat is transferred from the inlet section to the inside, and the other part converts light energy into electric energy through solar power generation equipment and stores the electric energy into a power supply to convert the electric energy into heat energy;

the wind energy independent temperature increasing mode is that wind energy is converted into electric energy through a wind energy generating device, the electric energy is stored in a power supply, and the electric energy is converted into heat energy;

the solar energy-wind energy combined heating mode is that a tunnel is heated through a solar cooker, solar power generation equipment and wind power generation equipment.

9. The method for operating a cold tunnel freeze injury prevention solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system according to claim 8, wherein an NTC thermistor in a power supply adjusts the heat generating power of a heating cable according to the ambient temperature during the warming process of the tunnel.

10. A construction method of a solar and wind energy warming hanging and paving system for preventing cold damage of a tunnel in a cold area according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps:

Constructing an initial support and a secondary lining after tunnel excavation;

A hanging pulley device is arranged on the secondary lining, a heating cable line is paved on the surface of the secondary lining, and the heating cable line is connected with the hanging pulley device and a power supply in a tunnel to form a closed loop;

a heating cable pipeline is paved at the central ditch and is connected with a power supply in the tunnel to form a closed loop;

an NTC thermistor is arranged in a power supply in the tunnel, and the output power is regulated according to the ambient temperature;

A solar cooker is arranged above the entrance section of the tunnel and is connected with a heating cable pipeline in the tunnel;

a heat insulation layer is paved outside the heating cable in the tunnel, and a heat insulation sleeve is arranged on the heating cable outside the entrance section;

a solar power generation device and a wind power generation device are arranged on the outer side of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and an output wire is connected with a power supply in the tunnel to provide electric energy for normal operation of the system.