Child safety seat with auxiliary function
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of child safety seats, in particular to a child safety seat with an auxiliary function.
Background
The child safety seat is a specially designed automobile seat for children, is fixed in an automobile through a specific mounting mode, provides safety guarantee for children riding, and is generally applied to places such as home vehicles, net-bound vehicles and taxis.
In the prior art, although the existing child safety seat can provide safety guarantee for children riding in a car under the conditions of collision, sudden braking and the like of the car in the actual use process, the child safety seat is prevented from being damaged, the child safety seat does not have the function of assisting in improving the riding experience of the child in the car, namely, when the child sits in the car for a long time, crying and uneasiness can occur due to boring, dysphoria and other reasons, at the moment, the crying and the uneasiness of the child can influence the driving of a driver, the accident risk rate of the car is increased, the use effect of the child safety seat is reduced, and the use efficiency of the child safety seat is also reduced.
There is a need for a child safety seat with auxiliary functions to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a child safety seat with an auxiliary function, which aims to solve the problems that the existing child safety seat does not have the function of assisting in improving riding experience of children, namely, when the children sit in the automobile for a long time, crying and uneasiness occur due to boring, dysphoria and the like, and the crying and the uneasiness of the children influence driving of a driver at the moment, so that the accident risk rate of the automobile is increased, and the use efficiency of the child safety seat is reduced.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides the technical scheme that the child safety seat with the auxiliary function comprises a seat mechanism, wherein the seat mechanism is provided with the auxiliary mechanism;
The auxiliary mechanism comprises two hollow blocks, a support frame is installed through a first screw between the inside of the hollow blocks, a U-shaped plate is fixed at the top of the support frame, a rectangular plate is arranged in the U-shaped plate, a placement hole is formed in one side of the rectangular plate, a hand screw bolt penetrates through the top thread of the rectangular plate, a placement groove is formed in the top of the support frame, a plurality of cylinder grooves are formed in one side of the rectangular plate, each cylinder groove is internally provided with an interactive button, each interactive button is adhered to and connected with a double-sided film on the surface of the interactive button, rotary rods are fixed on the front surface of the rectangular plate and the rear surface of the rectangular plate, a plurality of thread grooves are formed in the front surface of the U-shaped plate, a single-hole circular plate is fixed on the front surface of the rotary rod, a hand screw is arranged in the single-hole circular plate, and a limiting block is sleeved in the placement hole.
Preferably, the bottom of the rectangular plate is not contacted with the top of the supporting frame, the front surface of the rectangular plate and the rear surface of the rectangular plate are respectively contacted with the front surface of the inner wall of the U-shaped plate and the rear surface of the inner wall of the U-shaped plate, and the bottoms of the threaded ends of the hand-screwed bolts extend to the inside of the placing groove.
Preferably, two opposite ends of the rotating rod respectively movably penetrate through the front surface of the inner wall of the U-shaped plate and the rear surface of the inner wall of the U-shaped plate, the threaded end of the hand screw is in threaded connection with the inside of one of the threaded grooves, and the top groove of the limiting block is in rotary connection with the threaded end of the hand screw close to the bottom through a bearing.
Preferably, the inner wall activity of placing the hole runs through two gag levers, two the bottom of gag lever levers is all fixed mutually with the top of stopper, every T shape hole has all been seted up to the inner wall of cylinder groove, every the inside in T shape hole has all movably sleeved the push rod, every one side of push rod respectively with the surface bonding connection of every double-sided film, rectangular hole has been seted up to one side of rectangular plate, the inside in rectangular hole is fixed with the camera body through the extrusion of second screw.
Preferably, the seat mechanism comprises a concave block with holes, the top of the band Kong Aoxing is fixed with a seat body, the two hollow blocks are symmetrically fixed on the seat body, a safety belt is arranged on the seat body, and five binding bands of the safety belt are respectively movably sleeved in five square holes on the seat body.
Preferably, one of the binding bands of the safety belt is movably sleeved between the two through holes of the concave block with the holes, a rectangular groove is formed in one side of the seat body, and the five belt ends of the safety belt are all located in the rectangular groove.
Preferably, the internally mounted of rectangle groove has the fixed block, the mounting panel is installed to the bottom opening part of area Kong Aoxing piece, the bottom bonding of mounting panel is connected with the rectangle cushion, the mounting hole has been seted up to the inner wall of area Kong Aoxing piece.
Preferably, the wireless control board is installed at the top of mounting panel, two fixation clamps are installed at the top of mounting panel, two be provided with the battery between the inside of fixation clamp, the bottom of battery and the top of mounting panel contact.
Preferably, the alarm is installed to the inner wall of area Kong Aoxing piece, the sound end activity of alarm cup joints in the inside of mounting hole, the opposite side of seat body is fixed with the rectangle piece, the surface mounting of rectangle piece has the handrail, the outer wall of handrail is fixed to run through has two connecting pipes, two the same end of connecting pipe is all fixed the outer wall of running through foraminiferous concave block, the inside of handrail, the inside of two connecting pipes and foraminiferous concave block are linked together, the outer wall round hole inside of handrail is fixed with small-size camera, alarm and battery all with wireless control board electric connection.
Preferably, the wireless control system further comprises a data processing module, a face contour feature extraction module and a data comparison processing module, wherein the data processing module, the face contour feature extraction module and the data comparison processing module are electrically connected with the wireless control board.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the auxiliary mechanism, the riding experience of children can be improved, namely the long-time boring and dysphoria of children can be avoided, so that the accident risk rate of the vehicle is reduced, the use effect of the child safety seat is improved, the use efficiency of the child safety seat is also improved, when the riding experience of the children needs to be improved, the cooperation of the hand screw, the U-shaped plate, the two rotating rods and the single-hole plate is utilized at the moment, the rectangular plate and the parts on the rectangular plate are rotated to a proper angle and fixed, and then the cooperation of the hand screw bolt, the two limiting rods, the playing video equipment and the limiting block is utilized, so that the video played in the playing video equipment fixed in the placement hole can attract the attention of the children, and the boring and dysphoria mood of the children is solved.
2. According to the invention, the toy placed in the placing groove is matched, so that the boring and restlessness of the child can be solved, meanwhile, the placing position can be provided for the toy which is not played, the child can easily take the toy which is wanted to play, and the boring and restlessness of the child can be solved by making use of the matching of the interaction buttons with different light colors or different sounds.
3. When the driver wants to know the riding condition of the child, the driver can watch what the child is in the dry state in real time by directly utilizing the cooperation of the mobile phone of the driver and the camera body.
4. According to the invention, the seat mechanism is arranged, so that a child can be stably fixed on the child safety seat, and meanwhile, when the child leaves the child seat during riding, an alarm prompt can be timely made, when the child safety seat is required to be installed in a household vehicle, the child can be firmly fixed on the seat body by utilizing the cooperation of the safety belt, and then, the child can be judged whether to come down from the child safety seat or not by utilizing the cooperation of the wireless control board and the alarm, and the alarm prompt can be realized to a driver by utilizing the cooperation of the wireless control board and the alarm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a child safety seat with auxiliary functions in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a child safety seat with auxiliary functions according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a bottom perspective view of a child safety seat with auxiliary functionality of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of an assist mechanism of a child safety seat with assist features of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a securing block of a child safety seat with auxiliary function according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view, partially in section, of an assist mechanism of a child safety seat with assist features of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is another perspective view of an accessory mechanism of a child safety seat with an accessory function in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view, partially in perspective, of an assist mechanism for a child safety seat with assist features of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a child safety seat with assist features of the present invention in partial cross-section;
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a female block with holes and mounting holes of a child safety seat with auxiliary functions according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view, partially in section, of a seating mechanism of a child safety seat with assist features of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a diagram of a biometric system of a child safety seat with auxiliary functions in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a seat mechanism, 101, a belt Kong Aoxing, 102, a seat body, 103, a safety belt, 104, a rectangular groove, 105, a fixed block, 106, a mounting plate, 107, a rectangular cushion, 108, a mounting hole, 109, a wireless control panel, 110, a fixing clip, 111, a battery, 112, an alarm, 113, a rectangular block, 114, a handrail, 115, a connecting pipe, 116, a small camera, 117, a data processing module, 118, a facial contour feature extraction module, 119, a data contrast processing module, 2, an auxiliary mechanism, 201, a hollow block, 202, a supporting frame, 203, a U-shaped plate, 204, a rectangular plate, 205, a placing hole, 206, a limit rod, 207, a hand screw bolt, 208, a placing groove, 209, a cylindrical groove, 210, an interactive button, 211, a double-sided film, 212, a T-shaped hole, 213, a push rod, 214, a rotary rod, 215, a screw groove, 216, a single Kong Yuanban, 217, a hand screw, 218, a rectangular hole, 219, a camera body, 220 and a limit block are shown.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to FIGS. 1-4 and 6-10, the present invention provides a child safety seat with auxiliary function, comprising a seat mechanism 1, wherein an auxiliary mechanism 2 is arranged on the seat mechanism 1;
The auxiliary mechanism 2 comprises two hollow blocks 201, a supporting frame 202 is arranged between the interiors of the two hollow blocks 201 through first screws, a U-shaped plate 203 is fixed at the top of the supporting frame 202, a rectangular plate 204 is arranged in the U-shaped plate 203, a placement hole 205 is formed in one side of the rectangular plate 204, a hand screw bolt 207 penetrates through the top screw thread of the rectangular plate 204, a placement groove 208 is formed in the top of the supporting frame 202, a plurality of cylindrical grooves 209 are formed in one side of the rectangular plate 204, an interaction button 210 is arranged in each cylindrical groove 209, the surface of each interaction button 210 is adhered and connected with a double-sided adhesive film 211, rotary rods 214 are fixed on the front surface of the rectangular plate 204 and the rear surface of the rectangular plate 204, a plurality of thread grooves 215 are formed in the front surface of the U-shaped plate 203, a single Kong Yuanban 216 is fixed on the front surface of one rotary rod 214, a hand screw 217 is arranged in the single Kong Yuanban, the inside of the placement hole 205 is movably sleeved with a limiting block 220, the bottom of the rectangular plate 204 is not contacted with the top of the support frame 202, the front surface of the rectangular plate 204 and the rear surface of the rectangular plate 204 are respectively contacted with the front surface of the inner wall of the U-shaped plate 203 and the rear surface of the inner wall of the U-shaped plate 203, the bottoms of the threaded ends of the hand-screwed bolts 207 extend to the inside of the placement groove 208, the opposite ends of the two rotating rods 214 respectively movably penetrate through the front surface of the inner wall of the U-shaped plate 203 and the rear surface of the inner wall of the U-shaped plate 203, the threaded ends of the hand-screwed bolts 217 are in threaded connection with the inside of one of the threaded grooves 215, the top groove of the limiting block 220 is rotationally connected with the threaded end of the hand-screwed bolts 207 close to the bottom through a bearing, the inner wall of the placement hole 205 movably penetrates through two limiting rods 206, the bottoms of the two limiting rods 206 are fixed with the top of the limiting block 220, the inner wall of each cylindrical groove 209 is provided with a T-shaped hole 212, push rods 213 are movably sleeved in the T-shaped holes 212, one side of each push rod 213 is respectively connected with the surface of each double-sided film 211 in an adhering mode, a rectangular hole 218 is formed in one side of the rectangular plate 204, a camera body 219 is fixedly arranged in the rectangular hole 218 through second screw extrusion, the seat mechanism 1 comprises a concave block 101 with holes, the top of the block 101 with Kong Aoxing is fixedly provided with a seat body 102, and two hollow blocks 201 are symmetrically fixed on the seat body 102.
In this embodiment, when the experience of children riding needs to be improved, the auxiliary mechanism 2 is fixed on the seat mechanism 1 by using the cooperation of the first screw and the two hollow blocks 201, then the hand-screwed screw 217 is taken out from the inside of the thread groove 215, then the rectangular plate 204 is rotated by using the cooperation of the hand-screwed screw 217, the U-shaped plate 203, the two rotating rods 214 and the single-hole circular plate 216, the parts on the rectangular plate 204 are all rotated, when the rectangular plate 204 is rotated to a proper angle, the single Kong Yuanban 216 is fixed by directly using the cooperation of the hand-screwed screw 217 and the thread groove 215 with a corresponding angle, then the driver puts the video playing device into the inside of the placement hole 205, then the video playing device is fixed in the placement hole 205 by using the cooperation of the hand-screwed bolt 207, the two limiting rods 206 and the limiting block 220, the child sitting on the child safety seat can be attracted by the video played in the video playing device, namely, the video played by the video playing device is utilized to solve the boring of riding the child, when the child wants to play the toy, the driver can place the toy suitable for playing in the vehicle in the placing groove 208, then the child sitting on the child safety seat can hold the toy for playing, and the toy which is not yet played can be placed in places, namely, the toy is utilized to solve boring and annoyance of riding the child, when the child sitting on the child safety seat wants to play the electronic product, the cooperation of the double-sided film 211 is utilized directly at this time, the interaction buttons 210 are respectively installed in the cylinder grooves 209, then the child sitting on the child safety seat can press any interaction button 210, when one of the interaction buttons 210 is pressed, at this time, the interactive buttons 210 emit light or sound (the sound generated by different interactive buttons 210 is different or the light color emitted by different interactive buttons is different), that is, the boring and annoying of riding a child are solved by using the manner of emitting different light colors or different sounds, so that the riding experience of the child is improved, the use efficiency of the child safety seat is also improved, when the driver needs to observe the child sitting on the child safety seat, the driver can firstly open the camera body 219 (wireless and using the battery-powered camera) and then wirelessly connect the camera body 219 together by using the mobile phone, then the mobile phone is opened, the picture shot by the camera body 219 can be transmitted to the mobile phone of the driver for the driver to watch, the riding condition of the child is known, when one of the interactive buttons 210 needs to be taken out from the corresponding cylindrical groove 209, the corresponding push rod 213 is directly pushed at this moment, and the contacted double-sided film 211 and the corresponding interactive button 210 are pushed out of the corresponding cylindrical groove 209 under the cooperation of the corresponding T-shaped hole 212.
According to the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-5 and 7-12, the seat mechanism 1 comprises a concave block 101 with holes, a seat body 102 is fixed at the top of the concave block 101 with Kong Aoxing, a safety belt 103 is arranged on the seat body 102, five binding belts of the safety belt 103 are respectively and movably sleeved in five square holes on the seat body 102, one binding belt of the safety belt 103 is movably sleeved between two through holes of the concave block 101 with holes, a rectangular groove 104 is formed in one side of the seat body 102, five belt ends of the safety belt 103 are all positioned in the rectangular groove 104, a fixing block 105 is arranged in the rectangular groove 104, a mounting plate 106 is arranged at the bottom opening of the belt Kong Aoxing block 101, a rectangular cushion 107 is fixedly connected at the bottom of the mounting plate 106, a mounting hole 108 is formed in the inner wall of the belt Kong Aoxing block 101, a wireless control plate 109 is arranged at the top of the mounting plate 106, two fixing clips 110 are arranged at the top of the mounting plate 106, a battery 111 is arranged between the two fixing clips 110, an alarm 112 is arranged at the bottom of the mounting plate 111 and the top of the mounting plate 106, an alarm 112 is arranged on the inner wall of the belt Kong Aoxing block 101, a rectangular block 112 is arranged at the inner wall of the mounting plate 112, an alarm block 112, two small end pieces 114 are respectively and are fixedly connected with the two small end connecting pipes 114 and the inner side of the rectangular block 114 and the two end of the fixing blocks 114 are fixedly connected with the inner side of the rectangular block 114, the two end pieces 114 are fixedly connected with the inner side of the connecting pipe 116, and the connecting pipe 114 is fixedly connected with the inner side of the rectangular block 114, and the inner side of the connecting pipe 114 is fixedly connected with the wireless control plate 116.
The system further comprises a data processing module 117, a facial contour feature extraction module 118 and a data comparison processing module 119, wherein the data processing module 117, the facial contour feature extraction module 118 and the data comparison processing module 119 are electrically connected with the wireless control board 109.
In this embodiment, when the child safety seat is to be installed in the domestic car, the mounting plate 106 is first removed from the perforated concave block 101, then the wireless control board 109 is opened by the cooperation of the battery 111, the facial feature data of the child is stored in the storage module of the wireless control board 109, the wireless control board 109 and the driver's mobile phone are connected together wirelessly, then the removed mounting plate 106 is installed back to the original position, then the child safety seat is placed on the car seat, then the child safety seat is fixed on the car seat by the child safety seat installation method and the cooperation of the car seat belt and the seat belt clamping seat, when the child needs to be ridden, the child seated on the seat body 102 is fixed by the cooperation of the seat belt 103 (five-point seat belt) directly, then, the small camera 116 is opened by matching with the mobile phone software (the distance between the small camera 116 and the saddle is larger than the distance between the top of the U-shaped plate 203 and the saddle), at this time, the small camera 116 shoots the monitored range and transmits the image data obtained by shooting to the wireless control board 109 in an electric signal mode, then the wireless control board 109 analyzes and processes the received image data through the data processing module 117, then the wireless control board 109 processes the data obtained by analyzing and processing the data processing module 117 again by matching with the face contour feature extracting module 118, then the wireless control board 109 processes the data processed by the face contour feature extracting module 118 by matching with the data comparing and processing module 119, when one of the image data received by the wireless control board 109 is different from the facial feature data of the child stored in advance by the wireless control board 109 (if the child is in a riding period), the situation that the child is not in the child safety seat is described, at this time, the wireless control board 109 can give an alarm instruction to the alarm 112, then the alarm 112 receiving the alarm instruction can directly give an alarm prompt to remind the driver that the child leaves the child safety seat, meanwhile, the wireless control board 109 can also send an alarm prompt to the mobile phone of the driver, namely, the dual alarm is utilized to remind the driver to respond in time, the situation that the child leaves the child safety seat and the driver is not aware of the child, and the risk of injury is increased is avoided, when all the image data received by the wireless control board 109 is similar to or the facial feature data of the child stored in advance by the wireless control board 109 (if the child is in a riding period), at this time, the child cannot leave the child safety seat, at this time, the wireless control board 109 cannot give an alarm prompt to the alarm 112, at this time, and the driver can close the small camera 116 by utilizing the cooperation of the mobile phone and the wireless control board 109 after the child finishes the riding operation.
The whole mechanism achieves the effects and working principle that when the child safety seat is required to be installed in the domestic vehicle, firstly, the mounting plate 106 is removed from the concave block 101 with holes, then the wireless control plate 109 is opened by utilizing the cooperation of the battery 111, the facial characteristic data of the child is stored in the storage module of the wireless control plate 109, the wireless control plate 109 and the mobile phone of the driver are connected together in a wireless mode, then the removed mounting plate 106 is installed back to the initial position, then the child safety seat is placed on the vehicle seat in the vehicle, and then the child safety seat installation method is utilized, The cooperation of the seat belt and the seat belt clamping seat in the car fixes the child safety seat on the car seat, when the child needs to take a car, the cooperation of the seat belt 103 (five-point type seat belt) is directly utilized at this moment, the child sitting on the seat body 102 is fixed, then the cooperation of the mobile phone software is utilized again, the small camera 116 is opened (the distance between the small camera 116 and the top of the U-shaped plate 203 is larger than the distance between the top of the seat and the seat), at this moment, the small camera 116 shoots the monitored range, the image data obtained by shooting each time are transmitted to the wireless control board 109 in an electric signal mode, then the wireless control board 109 analyzes and processes the received image data through the data processing module 117, then the wireless control board 109 processes the data obtained after the analysis and processing of the data processing module 117 again through the cooperation of the data processing module 119, then the wireless control board 109 further analyzes and compares the data processed by the data processing module, when the wireless control board 109 receives one of the image data and the wireless control board which are different from the front face characteristics of the child (at this moment, the child is not in advance stored by the seat), the wireless control board 109 sends an alarm instruction to the car, namely, the wireless control board is reminded of the driver can be directly and the driver of the child, the wireless control board is reminded of the driver of the child, and the wireless control board is immediately warned when the child has no driver, and the driver has been reminded of the driver of the child in the car, and the car has the wireless control board has the driver, and the driver has the driver and the wireless control device has the driver and the driver has the wireless warning instruction immediately been alerted, the situation that the child leaves the child safety seat and the driver is unknowed is avoided, the risk of child injury is increased, when all image data received by the wireless control board 109 are similar or identical to facial feature data of the child stored in advance by the wireless control board 109 (provided that the child is in a riding period), the situation that the child does not leave the child safety seat is explained, at the moment, the wireless control board 109 does not give an alarm prompt to the alarm 112, and at the same time, the alarm prompt is not given to the mobile phone of the driver, after the child finishes riding operation, the driver can use the cooperation of the mobile phone and the wireless control board 109 to close the small-sized camera 116, when the riding experience of the child needs to be improved, the auxiliary mechanism 2 is fixed on the seat mechanism 1 by using the cooperation of the first screw and the two hollow blocks 201, then the hand-screwed screw 217 is taken out from the inside of the thread groove 215, and then the hand-screwed screw 217 is used for driving, The U-shaped plate 203, the two rotating rods 214 and the single-hole circular plate 216 are matched, the rectangular plate 204 is rotated, at the moment, all the parts on the rectangular plate 204 rotate, when the rectangular plate 204 rotates to a proper angle, at the moment, the single Kong Yuanban 216 is fixed by directly utilizing the matching of the manual screw 217 and the corresponding angle thread groove 215, then a driver puts the video playing device into the placing hole 205, and then the manual screw 207 is used for screwing, The cooperation of the two limiting rods 206 and the limiting block 220 fixes the video playing device in the placement hole 205, at this time, the child sitting on the child safety seat can be attracted by the video played in the video playing device, namely, the video played by the video playing device is utilized to solve the boring of riding of the child, when the child wants to play the toy, the driver can place the toy suitable for playing in the vehicle in the placement groove 208, then the child sitting on the child safety seat can hold the toy for playing, and the toy not yet played can be placed in places, namely, the boring and the dysphoria of riding of the child can be solved by utilizing the toy, when the child sitting on the child safety seat wants to play the electronic product, at this time, the cooperation of the double-sided film 211 is directly utilized, the interaction buttons 210 are respectively installed in the cylinder grooves 209, then a child sitting on the child safety seat can press any one of the interactive buttons 210, when one of the interactive buttons 210 is pressed, the interactive button 210 emits light or emits sound (the sound of different interactive buttons 210 is different or the emitted light color is different), namely, the boring and the dysphoria of the child riding are solved by means of emitting different light colors or different sounds, the experience of the child riding is improved, the use efficiency of the child safety seat is also improved, when a driver needs to observe the child sitting on the child safety seat, the driver can firstly open the camera body 219 (a wireless camera powered by a battery) at the moment, then the camera body 219 is connected with the mobile phone in a wireless way, then the mobile phone is opened, the picture shot by the camera body 219 can be transmitted to the mobile phone of the driver for the driver to watch, knowing the riding condition of the child, when one of the interactive buttons 210 needs to be taken out from the corresponding cylindrical groove 209, the corresponding push rod 213 is directly pushed at this time, and the moving push rod 213 pushes the contacted double-sided film 211 and the corresponding interactive button 210 out of the corresponding cylindrical groove 209 under the cooperation of the corresponding T-shaped hole 212.
The seat belt 103 is a five-point seat belt.
Wherein, first screw, second screw and bearing are the common part of reality.
The seat body 102, the safety belt 103, the wireless control board 109, the battery 111, the alarm 112, the small-sized camera 116, the interactive button 210, the double-sided tape 211 and the camera body 219 are all of the prior art, and the types thereof can be selected according to actual situations, and will not be explained herein too much.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.