CN118752018A - A method for processing a wedge-shaped inner cavity with a square profile and large depth - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a processing method for a wedge-shaped inner cavity with a square profile and a large depth, and belongs to the field of mechanical processing technology. The method comprises: S1: analyzing the structure of the wedge-shaped inner cavity with a square profile and a large depth; S2: determining the processing origin, and calculating the positional relationship between the cavity projection profile and the part shape and the processing origin; S3: designing the processing program and processing trajectory with coordinate point parameters; S4: completing the processing of the cavity from a straight cavity to a tapered cavity. The present invention changes the processing of the wedge-shaped inner cavity with a square profile and a large depth into a one-time forming processing by wire cutting, which reduces the time consumption of transportation, repeated clamping, and alignment in the original production process of milling, marking, rough insertion, and fine insertion, and improves production efficiency.

Description

A method for processing a wedge-shaped inner cavity with a square profile and large depth

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular relates to a processing method for a wedge-shaped inner cavity with a square profile and a large depth.

Background Art

The wedge-shaped cavity is a structure used to accommodate the mating part in a part and to seal the mating part together. The overall structure is a square-shaped wedge-shaped cavity structure, as shown in Figure 1. The overall structure consists of three straight surfaces and one inclined surface. The left and right straight surfaces have a set of inclined guide surfaces that form a certain angle with the longitudinal axis, which are used for the mating part to slide up and down in the cavity.

The usual processing method is: a combination of milling and slotting. First, the bottom hole is roughly machined on a vertical milling machine to remove a large amount of machining allowance; then a special marking template is used to draw a square outline on the upper plane of the part to be processed; then a part is clamped on the slotting machine, and the left and right sides and the front of the cavity are slotted to process a total of 3 straight surfaces; then the part is installed on a special fixture, the inclined surface of the cavity is adjusted to be parallel to the main axis of the slotting machine, and the inclined surface and the inclined guide surface are slotted. The above processing methods have the following disadvantages:

1) Due to the high strength of the material of a certain part and the deep depth of the cavity, in order to ensure the processing quality, the slotting process needs to be divided into rough slotting and fine slotting processes, which involves multiple clamping and alignment preparations, and the processing takes a long time and has low production efficiency;

2) When slotting the inclined surface of the cavity, a special fixture needs to be made according to the inclination angle α of the inclined surface (see Figure 2). In the face of cavity structures with different angles, multiple sets of special fixtures need to be designed and made. The demand is large and the scope of use is limited. The fixtures also need to be regularly inspected and maintained, resulting in high production costs;

3) During slotting, the operator has high labor intensity and the parts are heavy, about 1 to 2 tons. Before rough and fine slotting, it is necessary to manually load and unload materials, turn over goods, clamp and align them many times. During the processing, the operator needs to continuously pay attention to the position line of the cavity's irregular square contour processing, which leads to high labor intensity for the workers.

4) The quality traceability is poor. The materials removed during cavity processing become scrap iron filings during the process and have no quality traceability.

Therefore, in the absence of special fixtures and special machine tools, it is urgent to invent a processing method for a wedge-shaped cavity with a square profile and a large depth to solve the above problems.

Summary of the invention

1. Technical issues to be resolved

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a processing method for a wedge-shaped inner cavity with a square profile and a large depth to solve the problem that the rough and fine insertion processing of the wedge-shaped inner cavity with a square profile and a large depth takes a long time and the production efficiency is low.

(II) Technical solution

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for processing a wedge-shaped inner cavity with a square profile and a large depth, comprising the following steps:

S1: According to the wedge-shaped inner cavity structure of the part to be processed, the inner cavity inclined surface, the guide rail inclined surface inclination angle α and the projection contour of the inner cavity irregular square contour on the lower plane 103 are calculated with the upper plane 105 of the part as the reference;

S2: Place the part horizontally on the worktable 201 of the wire cutting machine, with the lower plane 103 of the part in close contact with the worktable 201 of the machine, and align the molybdenum wire with the front end face 101 and the left side face 102 of the part, and determine the machining origin as the center of the projection contour of the inner cavity on the upper plane 105 according to the relative coordinate positions of the front end face 101, the left side face 102 and the worktable 201;

S3: Take the machining origin as the coordinate origin, the axis of the front and rear end faces of the part passing through the coordinate origin as the X-axis, the axis of the left and right end faces of the part passing through the coordinate origin as the Y-axis, and the axis passing through the coordinate origin and perpendicular to the XOY plane as the Z-axis, establish a rectangular coordinate system, and design the machining program and machining trajectory according to the parameters of each coordinate point;

S4. Adjust the molybdenum wire on the wire cutting machine to the processing origin. According to the processing program and processing trajectory in S3 and the two projection contours of the irregular square contour of the inner cavity on the upper plane 105 and the lower plane 103 of the part, design the inclination angle of the molybdenum wire to cut the cavity, and complete the processing of the inner cavity from a straight cavity to a tapered cavity.

The inclination angle α of the guide rail slope in step S1 is measured by the projection dimension L1 of the inner cavity slope in the upper plane 105 , the projection dimension L2 in the lower plane 103 , and the cutting depth H.

Among them, the coordinate point parameters in step S3 include: the vertical distance H2 between the upper guide wheel center 202 and the lower guide wheel center 203 of the wire cutting machine, the distance H1 between the lower guide wheel center 203 of the wire cutting machine and the machine tool worktable 201, and the cutting depth H.

Among them, the cutting trajectory in step S3 is set as: taking the processing origin determined in step S2 as the starting point, the intersection of the front straight surface 104 of the cavity and the right side surface 106 as the initial cutting point, and processing along the trajectory of front straight surface 104 → left straight surface → left inclined guide surface → left straight surface → rear inclined surface → right straight surface → right inclined guide surface → right straight surface.

Wherein, the inclination angle of the molybdenum wire in step S4 is obtained by calculating the offset position A of the upper guide wheel and the offset position B of the lower guide wheel of the cutting machine tool;

Among them, A = (H2-H1) × tanα, B = H1 × tanα;

When processing the inclined surface by wire cutting, the upper and lower guide wheels of the wire cutting machine are controlled to move at different speeds to positions A and B respectively, thereby controlling the inclination of the molybdenum wire. Then the upper and lower guide wheels are cut along the OX direction axis at the same speed until the inclined surface cutting is completed.

Among them, in step 4, when the bevel cutting is completed and the cutting is converted to straight cutting, the upper guide wheel and the lower guide wheel move to the direction perpendicular to the OX axis and cut along the X direction at the same speed until the straight cutting is completed.

(III) Beneficial effects

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) The present invention changes the processing of the wedge-shaped inner cavity with a square profile and a large depth into a one-step forming process by wire cutting, thereby reducing the time consumption of transportation, repeated clamping and alignment in the original production process of multiple processes such as milling, scribing, rough insertion and fine insertion, and improving production efficiency;

2) It solves the problem that the fixtures cannot be used universally when processing different structures, reduces the cost of special fixtures, and can greatly save production costs in scientific research and multi-variety, small-batch production;

3) Adapting to the trend of automated production, workers do not need to operate the whole process, only one clamping and alignment are required, which improves labor productivity and reduces labor cost consumption;

4) The cavity residue after wire cutting can be completely preserved, improving the quality traceability of parts production.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the parts structure;

FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG1 ;

FIG3 is a top view of FIG1 ;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a cavity bevel cutting;

Among them, 1-a certain part; 2-a wedge-shaped inner cavity with a square profile and a large depth; 101-the front face of part 1; 102-the left side of part 1; 103-the bottom plane of part 1; 104-the front straight face of the wedge-shaped inner cavity with a square profile and a large depth; 105-the upper plane of part 1; 106-the right side of the wedge-shaped inner cavity with a square profile and a large depth; 107-the right side of part 1; 201-the worktable of the wire cutting machine; 202-the center of the upper guide wheel of the wire cutting machine; 203-the center of the lower guide wheel of the wire cutting machine; 204-the molybdenum wire for wire cutting.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make the purpose, content, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

This embodiment provides a method for processing a wedge-shaped inner cavity with a square profile and a large depth, comprising the following steps:

S1: According to the wedge-shaped inner cavity structure of the part to be processed, the inner cavity inclined surface, the guide rail inclined surface inclination angle α and the projection contour of the inner cavity irregular square contour on the lower plane 103 are calculated with the upper plane 105 of the part as the reference;

S2: Place the part horizontally on the worktable 201 of the wire cutting machine, with the lower plane 103 of the part in close contact with the worktable 201 of the machine, and align the molybdenum wire with the front end face 101 and the left side face 102 of the part, and determine the machining origin as the center of the projection contour of the inner cavity on the upper plane 105 according to the relative coordinate positions of the front end face 101, the left side face 102 and the worktable 201;

S3: Take the machining origin as the coordinate origin, the axis of the front and rear end faces of the part passing through the coordinate origin as the X-axis, the axis of the left and right end faces of the part passing through the coordinate origin as the Y-axis, and the axis passing through the coordinate origin and perpendicular to the XOY plane as the Z-axis, establish a rectangular coordinate system, and design the machining program and machining trajectory according to the parameters of each coordinate point;

S4. Adjust the molybdenum wire on the wire cutting machine to the processing origin. According to the processing program and processing trajectory in S3 and the two projection contours of the irregular square contour of the inner cavity on the upper plane 105 and the lower plane 103 of the part, design the inclination angle of the molybdenum wire to cut the cavity, and complete the processing of the inner cavity from a straight cavity to a tapered cavity.

The inclination angle α of the guide rail slope in step S1 is measured by the projection dimension L1 of the inner cavity slope in the upper plane 105 , the projection dimension L2 in the lower plane 103 , and the cutting depth H.

The coordinate point parameters in step S3 include: the vertical distance H2 between the upper guide wheel center 202 and the lower guide wheel center 203 of the wire cutting machine, the distance H1 between the lower guide wheel center 203 of the wire cutting machine and the machine tool worktable 201, and the cutting depth H;

Among them, the cutting trajectory in step S3 is set as: taking the processing origin determined in step S2 as the starting point, the intersection of the front straight surface 104 of the cavity and the right side surface 106 as the initial cutting point, and processing along the trajectory of front straight surface 104 → left straight surface → left inclined guide surface → left straight surface → rear inclined surface → right straight surface → right inclined guide surface → right straight surface.

Wherein, the inclination angle of the molybdenum wire in step S4 is obtained by calculating the offset position A of the upper guide wheel and the offset position B of the lower guide wheel of the cutting machine tool;

Among them, A = (H2-H1) × tanα, B = H1 × tanα;

When processing the inclined surface by wire cutting, the upper and lower guide wheels of the wire cutting machine are controlled to move at different speeds to positions A and B respectively, thereby controlling the inclination of the molybdenum wire. Then the upper and lower guide wheels are cut along the OX direction axis at the same speed until the inclined surface cutting is completed.

Among them, in step 4, when the bevel cutting is completed and the cutting is converted to straight cutting, the upper guide wheel and the lower guide wheel move to the direction perpendicular to the OX axis and cut along the X direction at the same speed until the straight cutting is completed.

In the step S2, the length dimension L3 of the front straight surface 104 of the inner cavity from the front end surface 101 of the part and the width L6 of the part are measured, and the positional relationship between the projection contour of the inner cavity on the lower plane 103 of the part and the part shape and the processing origin is calculated;

The projection profile of the irregular square shape of the inner cavity in the lower plane 103 is calculated by the size of the guide rail wide inclined surface L4 and the guide rail narrow inclined surface L5.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The processing method of the large-depth wedge-shaped inner cavity with the iso-square profile is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

S1: according to the wedge-shaped inner cavity structure of the part to be processed, calculating an inner cavity inclined plane, a guide rail inclined plane inclined angle alpha and a projection profile of an inner cavity iso-square profile on a lower plane 103 by taking the upper plane 105 of the part as a reference;

S2: placing the part on a linear cutting machine workbench 201 horizontally, tightly attaching a part lower plane 103 to the machine workbench 201, positioning and aligning molybdenum wires with a front end surface 101 and a left side surface 102 of the part, and determining a machining origin as the center of a projection contour of an inner cavity on an upper plane 105 according to relative coordinate positions of the front end surface 101, the left side surface 102 and the machine workbench 201;

S3: the machining method comprises the steps of taking a machining origin as a coordinate origin, taking the axis of the front end face and the rear end face of a part passing through the coordinate origin as an X axis, taking the axis of the left end face and the right end face of the part passing through the coordinate origin as a Y axis, taking the axis of the left end face and the right end face passing through the coordinate origin perpendicular to an XOY plane as a Z axis, establishing a rectangular coordinate system, and designing a machining program and a machining track according to parameters of each coordinate point;

And S4, adjusting the molybdenum wire on the linear cutting machine to a machining original point, and designing a molybdenum wire inclination angle cutting cavity according to the machining program, the machining track and 2 projection contours of the inner cavity abnormal square contour on the upper plane 105 and the lower plane 103 of the part in S3 to finish machining of the inner cavity.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle α of the rail slope in the step S1 is measured by the projected dimension L1 of the slope of the inner cavity in the upper plane 105, the projected dimension L2 of the slope in the lower plane 103, and the cutting depth H.

3. The method for machining a large-depth wedge-shaped cavity with an abnormal square profile according to claim 2, wherein the coordinate point parameters in the step S3 include: the vertical distance H2 between the upper guide wheel center 202 and the lower guide wheel center 203 of the linear cutting machine, and the distance H1 between the lower guide wheel center 203 of the linear cutting machine and the machine workbench 201 are the cutting depth H.

4. The method for machining a large-depth wedge-shaped cavity with an abnormal square profile according to claim 3, wherein the cutting track in the step S3 is set as follows: the processing is performed along the trajectory of the front straight surface 104, the left straight surface, the left inclined guide surface, the left straight surface, the rear inclined surface, the right straight surface, the right inclined guide surface, and the right straight surface with the processing origin determined in the step S2 as a starting point and the intersection of the front straight surface 104 and the right side surface 106 as an initial cutting point.

5. The method for machining a large-depth wedge-shaped inner cavity with an abnormal square profile according to claim 4, wherein the molybdenum wire inclination angle in the step S4 is obtained by calculating an upper guide wheel offset position A and a lower guide wheel offset position B of the cutting machine;

Wherein a= (H2-H1) x tan α, b=h1 x tan α;

When the linear cutting is used for processing the inclined plane, the upper guide wheel and the lower guide wheel of the linear cutting machine are controlled to move at different moving speeds to reach two positions A, B respectively, so that the inclination of the molybdenum wire is controlled, and then the upper guide wheel and the lower guide wheel cut along the axis of the OX direction at the same moving speed until the inclined plane cutting is completed.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein in step 4, when the bevel cutting is converted into the straight cutting, the upper guide wheel and the lower guide wheel move to the vertical OX axis direction and then cut along the X direction at the same speed until the straight cutting is completed.