CN118676601A

CN118676601A - Base station antenna

Info

Publication number: CN118676601A
Application number: CN202410942700.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 洪声锐; 杨仲凯; 胡岚翔; 肖飞; 段红彬
Original assignee: Comba Telecom Technology Guangzhou Ltd; Comba Telecom Systems Guangzhou Co Ltd; Jingxin RF Technology Guangzhou Co ltd
Current assignee: Comba Telecom Technology Guangzhou Ltd; Comba Telecom Systems Guangzhou Co Ltd; Jingxin RF Technology Guangzhou Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-07-15
Filing date: 2024-07-15
Publication date: 2024-09-20

Abstract

The application relates to a base station antenna, wherein a motor and a control main board are integrated in a protective shell, the motor, the control main board and the protective shell are arranged outside the top of an outer cover, and an azimuth angle adjusting mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the outer cover, so that an azimuth angle adjusting device is not required to be arranged at the lower end of the outer cover, and a large enough space is arranged at the upper end of the outer cover to arrange the azimuth angle adjusting device, thereby facilitating the installation operation and simplifying the structure of the lower end of the base station antenna; in addition, the control main board and the motor are easy to damage as active devices, are more convenient to maintain when arranged on the outer side of the top of the outer cover, have lower maintenance cost, and can be well protected by the protecting shell when arranged in the protecting shell; the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism is a pure mechanical device, is not easy to damage, can be used for conveniently driving the reflecting plate to rotate when being arranged inside the outer cover, and can be well protected by the outer cover.

Description

Base station antenna

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to a base station antenna.

Background

In the field of mobile communication, a base station antenna is used as a transceiver device of a mobile communication system, and transmits and converts signals by radiating or receiving electromagnetic waves into space. The base station antenna is arranged on the holding pole through the support, and comprises an outer cover, a reflecting plate arranged in the outer cover, vibrators arranged on the reflecting plate, a phase shifter, a feed network and other internal components. The outer cover is used for protecting internal components such as the reflecting plate, and the internal components such as the reflecting plate are used for receiving and transmitting signals. The coverage range of the wireless signal and the intensity of the wireless signal can be adjusted by adjusting attitude parameters such as azimuth angle, downtilt angle, roll angle and the like of the antenna.

The antenna in the related art comprises an azimuth angle adjusting device for adjusting the azimuth angle, and the azimuth angle is adjusted through the azimuth angle adjusting device, so that the base station antenna pattern just covers the area needing to be covered, and good network coverage is realized. Generally, the azimuth angle adjusting device is arranged at the lower end of the outer cover, has larger volume size, comprises a motor, a control main board electrically connected with the motor and used for controlling the motor to work, and a transmission assembly connected between the motor and the reflection plate, and drives the reflection plate to rotate through the transmission assembly when the motor works so as to realize the azimuth angle flexible adjustment of the base station antenna.

However, since the lower end face of the outer cover is further provided with a plurality of parts such as connectors, the space size for installing the azimuth angle adjusting device is smaller, so that the installation operation difficulty of the azimuth angle adjusting device at the lower end of the outer cover is larger, the structure of the base station antenna is more complicated, and the maintenance cost is higher.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, it is necessary to overcome the defects of the prior art, and to provide a base station antenna which can reduce the difficulty of installation of an azimuth angle adjusting device, simplify the structure, and reduce the maintenance cost.

A base station antenna, the base station antenna comprising:

an outer cover;

A reflection plate rotatably provided inside the housing; and

The azimuth angle adjusting device comprises a protective shell, a motor, a control main board and an azimuth angle adjusting mechanism, wherein the protective shell is arranged on the outer side of the top of the outer cover, the control main board is electrically connected with the motor, the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism is connected between the motor and the reflecting plate, the motor and the control main board are both arranged in the protective shell, and the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism is positioned in the outer cover and is arranged at the upper end of the outer cover; the power rotating shaft of the motor is provided with a first butt joint part, and the bottom of the protective shell is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the first butt joint part in position; the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism comprises a second butt joint part, a second through hole corresponding to the second butt joint part in position is formed in the top of the outer cover, the second through hole also corresponds to the first through hole in position, and the first butt joint part and the second butt joint part penetrate through the first through hole and are connected with each other.

In one embodiment, the first docking member is detachably connected to the second docking member in a sleeved mode.

In one embodiment, the protective shell is removably disposed on top of the housing.

In one embodiment, at least one boss is provided on the top surface of the outer cover, and the protective shell is provided with a mounting portion correspondingly detachably connected to the boss.

In one embodiment, a plurality of bosses are provided, a plurality of mounting portions are provided, and each mounting portion is correspondingly connected with each boss.

In one embodiment, a first waterproof protruding edge surrounding the first through hole is formed on the outer wall of the protective shell, a second waterproof protruding edge surrounding the second through hole is formed on the top surface of the outer cover, and the first waterproof protruding edge and the second waterproof protruding edge are nested.

In one embodiment, the azimuth angle adjustment mechanism further comprises: a support structure and a first drive wheel; the supporting structure is provided with a clutch piece and a reset piece; the second butt joint piece is used for being connected with a power rotating shaft of the motor and is provided with a first butt joint part; the first driving wheel is used for driving the reflecting plate to rotate, the first driving wheel and the second butting piece are coaxially arranged, the first driving wheel is provided with a second butting part which is in butting fit with the first butting part, the first butting part can drive the second butting part to act when rotating so that the first driving wheel moves from a locking position to an unlocking position along the axis direction Z of the first driving wheel, the first driving wheel is also connected with the reset piece, and the reset piece is used for driving the first driving wheel to move from the unlocking position to the locking position;

When the first driving wheel is positioned at the unlocking position, the first driving wheel and the clutch piece are separated from each other, and the second butt joint piece can drive the first driving wheel to rotate; when the first driving wheel is located at the locking position, the first driving wheel is locked with the clutch piece.

In one embodiment, the second abutment includes a guide wall disposed around the circumference of the first drive wheel, and a first braking surface connected to an end of the guide wall adjacent to the second abutment in the circumferential direction of the first drive wheel; the distance S between the guide wall and the end face of the second butt joint piece is in a decreasing trend along the guide direction of the guide wall; when the first driving wheel is located at the locking position, the first abutting portion corresponds to one end position of the guide wall, which is far away from the second abutting piece, in the circumferential direction of the first driving wheel; when the first driving wheel is located at the unlocking position, the first abutting portion and the first braking surface are abutted with each other.

In one embodiment, the guide wall is a spiral wall surface, an arc wall surface or a flat wall surface extending circumferentially around the first driving wheel.

In one embodiment, the first abutting portion is provided with an abutting surface which is used for adapting to the shape of the guide wall and in abutting fit; and/or the first abutting part is provided with a second braking surface which can be mutually abutted and matched with the first braking surface.

In one embodiment, the first butt joint portion is provided with a first arc-shaped wall surface and a second arc-shaped wall surface which are oppositely arranged along the radial direction, the second butt joint portion is provided with a third arc-shaped wall surface and a fourth arc-shaped wall surface which are oppositely arranged along the radial direction, the third arc-shaped wall surface and the first arc-shaped wall surface are mutually adapted, and the fourth arc-shaped wall surface and the second arc-shaped wall surface are mutually adapted.

In one embodiment, the second abutting portion is a groove formed on the axial end face of the first driving wheel, and the first abutting portion extends into the groove through a notch of the groove; the guide wall extends from the bottom wall of the groove to the side wall of the groove, and the first braking surface is arranged on the side wall of the groove.

In one embodiment, the guide walls are two, and the first braking surfaces are two; the two guide walls are connected with each other along one end, far away from the second butting piece, of the first driving wheel in the circumferential direction, and one end, close to the second butting piece, of each guide wall along the circumferential direction of the first driving wheel is connected with one first braking surface.

In one embodiment, the first driving wheel is provided with a first positioning shaft, the second abutting piece is provided with a first shaft hole corresponding to the first positioning shaft, and the first positioning shaft is rotatably arranged in the first shaft hole in a penetrating mode; or the first driving wheel is provided with a second shaft hole, the second butt joint piece is provided with a second positioning shaft corresponding to the first positioning shaft, and the second positioning shaft is rotatably arranged in the second shaft hole in a penetrating mode.

In one embodiment, the first driving wheel is provided as a gear; when the first driving wheel is positioned at the unlocking position, the tooth part of the first driving wheel is separated from the clutch piece; when the first driving wheel is positioned at the locking position, the clutch piece is inserted between any two adjacent tooth parts of the first driving wheel.

In one embodiment, the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism of the base station antenna further comprises an intermediate driving wheel arranged between the first driving wheel and the reflecting plate, wherein the first driving wheel is connected with the intermediate driving wheel, and the intermediate driving wheel is used for driving the reflecting plate to rotate; the intermediate driving wheel is a speed reducing wheel.

In one embodiment, the intermediate driving wheel is rotatably arranged on the supporting structure, a stop part is arranged on the intermediate driving wheel, and at least one positioning surface which is in abutting positioning with the stop part is arranged on the supporting structure.

In one embodiment, a chute is formed on the end surface of the intermediate driving wheel, which is away from the stop part, and a damping piece which is used for being mutually in abutting fit with the bottom wall of the chute is arranged on the supporting structure.

In one embodiment, the support structure comprises a first housing and a second housing detachably connected; the damping piece is arranged on the first shell, and the second shell is in butt fit with the end face of the middle driving wheel.

In one embodiment, the base station antenna further comprises a second driving wheel connected to the reflecting plate; the first driving wheel is connected with the second driving wheel and is used for driving the second driving wheel to rotate; and/or the two opposite ends of the reflecting plate are respectively provided with a connecting shaft, and the connecting shafts are rotatably arranged on the outer cover.

According to the base station antenna, the motor and the control main board are integrally arranged in the protective shell, the motor, the control main board and the protective shell are arranged outside the top of the outer cover, and the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the outer cover, so that the azimuth angle adjusting device is not required to be arranged at the lower end of the outer cover, and a large enough space is reserved at the upper end of the outer cover to arrange the azimuth angle adjusting device, so that the installation operation is more convenient, and the lower end structure of the base station antenna is simplified; in addition, the control main board and the motor are easy to damage as active devices, are more convenient to maintain when arranged on the outer side of the top of the outer cover, have lower maintenance cost, and can be well protected by the protecting shell when arranged in the protecting shell; the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism is a pure mechanical device, is not easy to damage, can be used for conveniently driving the reflecting plate to rotate when being arranged inside the outer cover, and can be well protected by the outer cover. In addition, the motor drives the first butt joint piece to rotate under the control of the control main board, the first butt joint piece correspondingly drives the second butt joint piece to rotate, and the reflecting plate is driven to rotate through the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism, so that the azimuth angle of the antenna is adjusted.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a view of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged structural view of fig. 1 at a.

Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged structural view of fig. 3 at B.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an azimuth angle adjusting mechanism driving a reflective plate to adjust to a target angle according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an azimuth angle adjusting mechanism driving a reflective plate to adjust to a limit rotation angle according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing an azimuth angle adjusting mechanism driving a reflection plate to adjust to another limit rotation angle according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 8 is a view of an azimuth angle adjusting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is another view block diagram of the structure shown in fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is an exploded view of the structure shown in fig. 8.

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of fig. 8 in a locked position.

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional block diagram of the structure of fig. 8 in an unlocked position.

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the second interface member and the first drive wheel of the configuration of fig. 8 in a locked position.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the second dock in the configuration shown in fig. 13 rotated to the left to an unlocked position.

Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the second dock of the configuration of fig. 13 rotated to the right to an unlocked position.

Fig. 16 is a view of the intermediate drive wheel of the structure of fig. 8.

Fig. 17 is another view of the structure of fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is a structural view of a second docking member in the configuration shown in fig. 8.

Fig. 19 is a structural view of the first driving wheel in the structure shown in fig. 8.

Fig. 20 is a structural view of the first housing in the structure shown in fig. 8.

Fig. 21 is a structural view of the second housing in the structure shown in fig. 8.

10. An azimuth angle adjusting mechanism; 11.a support structure; 111. a first housing; 112. a second housing; 1101. a clutch member; 1102. a reset member; 1103. a third shaft hole; 1104. a fourth shaft hole; 1105. a first flange; 1106. a movable groove; 11061. a positioning surface; 1107. a fifth shaft hole; 1108. a positioning groove; 1109. a clamping part; 12. a second docking member; 121. a first butt joint part; 1211. a pressing surface; 1212. a second braking surface; 1213. a first arcuate wall; 1214. a second arcuate wall; 1215. a first transition surface; 122. a first shaft hole; 13. a first drive wheel; 131. a second butt joint part; 1311. a guide wall; 1312. a first braking surface; 1313. a third arcuate wall; 1314. a fourth arcuate wall; 1315. a second transition surface; 132. a first positioning shaft; 133. a second flange; 14. a clasp; 15. an intermediate driving wheel; 151. a stop portion; 152. a chute; 153. a second positioning shaft; 16. a damping member; 20. a motor; 21. a first docking member; 30. a reflection plate; 31. a connecting shaft; 40. a second drive wheel; 50. an outer cover; 51. a second through hole; 52. a boss; 53. a second waterproof flange; 60. a protective shell; 61. a first through hole; 62. a first waterproof flange; 63. a mounting part; 64. the space is divided.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the application will be readily understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. The present application may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, whereby the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application includes: housing 50, reflector 30 and azimuth adjusting means. The reflection plate 30 is rotatably disposed inside the housing 50. The azimuth angle adjusting device comprises a protective shell 60 arranged on the outer side of the top of the outer cover 50, a motor 20, a control main board electrically connected with the motor 20, and an azimuth angle adjusting mechanism 10 connected between the motor 20 and the reflecting plate 30. The motor 20 and the control main board are both disposed inside the protective housing 60, and the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism 10 is disposed inside the housing 50 and at the upper end of the housing 50. The power rotating shaft of the motor 20 is provided with a first butt joint piece 21, and the bottom of the protective shell 60 is provided with a first through hole 61 corresponding to the first butt joint piece 21 in position. The azimuth angle adjusting mechanism 10 includes a second docking member 12, and a second through hole 51 corresponding to the position of the second docking member 12 is provided at the top of the housing 50. The second through hole 51 also corresponds in position to the first through hole 61, and the first docking member 21 and the second docking member 12 are connected to each other through the first through hole 61 and the second through hole 51. Specifically, the first butting member 21 may be connected to the second butting member 12 after passing through the first through hole 61 and the second through hole 51, or the second butting member 12 may be connected to the first butting member 21 after passing through the first through hole 61 and the second through hole 51, which may be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual requirements, and is not limited herein.

In the above base station antenna, the motor 20 and the control main board are integrally disposed in the protective housing 60, and the motor 20, the control main board and the protective housing 60 are disposed outside the top of the outer housing 50, and the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism 10 is disposed at the upper end of the outer housing 50, so that the azimuth angle adjusting device is not required to be disposed at the lower end of the outer housing 50, and a large enough space is provided at the upper end of the outer housing 50 to dispose the azimuth angle adjusting device, thereby facilitating the installation operation and simplifying the structure of the lower end of the base station antenna; in addition, the control main board and the motor 20 are easy to damage as active devices, are more convenient to maintain when arranged on the outer side of the top of the outer cover 50, have lower maintenance cost, and can be well protected by the protective shell 60 when arranged in the protective shell 60; the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism 10 is a purely mechanical device, is not easy to damage, can be convenient for driving the reflecting plate 30 to rotate when being arranged in the housing 50, and can be well protected by the housing 50. In addition, the motor 20 drives the first butting piece 21 to rotate under the control of the control main board, the first butting piece 21 correspondingly drives the second butting piece 12 to rotate, and the reflecting plate 30 is driven to rotate through the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism 10, so that the azimuth angle of the antenna is adjusted.

The base station antenna in the embodiment can be arranged on a building with a certain height such as a roof, a mountain top or an iron tower according to actual requirements, so that a certain area range can be well covered. The coverage of the antenna beam has directivity, and the coverage and the depth of the antenna beam can be controlled by adjusting the attitude parameters of the base station antenna, so that the quality of mobile communication is improved. In addition, the reflection plate 30 can reflect energy forward to improve the sensitivity of the antenna signal, and is a core component for integrating various components of the antenna, specifically, for example, provided with one or more vibrators, a feed network plate, a phase shifter, and the like.

In some embodiments, the first docking member 21 and the second docking member 12 may be fixedly connected or may be mutually connected in a sleeved manner, so long as the first docking member 21 drives the second docking member 12 to rotate. In this embodiment, the first docking member 21 and the second docking member 12 are connected in a mutually sleeved manner, so that disassembly, assembly and maintenance can be facilitated. Specifically, the first butt joint member 21 and the second butt joint member 12 are connected by, for example, mutually sleeving a spline shaft and a spline housing, and, for example, one of the first butt joint member 21 and the second butt joint member 12 is provided with a non-circular hole, and the other is provided with an insertion portion adapted to the non-circular hole.

In one embodiment, the guard casing 60 is removably disposed on top of the housing 50. In this way, the control motherboard and the motor 20 may be integrated inside the protective casing 60 to form a whole module, and the whole module supports the pluggable design and is arranged outside the outer cover 50, so that compared with the mode of arranging inside the outer cover 50, the structure is more compact, the disassembly and assembly are more convenient, and the maintenance cost is lower.

Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, at least one boss 52 is provided on a top surface of the housing 50, and the protecting case 60 is provided with a corresponding mounting portion 63 detachably connected to the boss 52. The boss 52 plays a supporting role for the shield case 60 such that a space 64 is formed between the bottom surface of the shield case 60 and the top surface of the outer cover 50, thus improving the waterproof performance of the shield case 60.

In one embodiment, the number of bosses 52 is plural, the number of mounting portions 63 is plural, and each mounting portion 63 is correspondingly connected to each boss 52. In this way, the protection case 60 can be stably mounted on the top of the housing 50.

The mounting portion 63 is fixedly mounted on the boss 52 by a fastener such as, but not limited to, a pin, a screw, a rivet, a clip, or the like.

In one embodiment, the outer wall of the protective case 60 is formed with a first waterproof bead 62 disposed circumferentially around the first through hole 61, and the top surface of the outer cover 50 is formed with a second waterproof bead 53 disposed circumferentially around the second through hole 51. The first waterproof flange 62 is nested with the second waterproof flange 53. In this way, the sealing waterproof in the shape of a circle can be realized, and the waterproof performance is high, so that rainwater can be prevented from entering the inside of the protective shell 60 through the first through hole 61 and can be prevented from entering the inside of the outer cover 50 through the second through hole 51.

Referring to fig. 1, 8 to 10, specifically, the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism 10 further includes a support structure 11 and a first driving wheel 13. The support structure 11 is provided with a clutch 1101 and a reset 1102. The second docking member 12 is configured to be connected to a power shaft of the motor 20, and the second docking member 12 is provided with a first docking portion 121. The first driving wheel 13 is used for driving the reflecting plate 30 to rotate, the first driving wheel 13 and the second abutting part 12 are coaxially arranged, the first driving wheel 13 is provided with a second abutting part 131 which is in abutting fit with the first abutting part 121, when the first abutting part 121 rotates, the second abutting part 131 can be driven to act so that the first driving wheel 13 moves from a locking position to an unlocking position along the axis direction Z of the first driving wheel, the first driving wheel 13 is further connected with a reset part 1102, and the reset part 1102 is used for driving the first driving wheel 13 to move from the unlocking position to the locking position. Referring to fig. 12, when the first driving wheel 13 is in the unlocked position, the first driving wheel 13 and the clutch 1101 are separated from each other, and the second abutting member 12 can drive the first driving wheel 13 to rotate; referring to fig. 11, when first drive wheel 13 is in the locked position, first drive wheel 13 is interlocked with clutch 1101.

When the azimuth angle of the base station antenna needs to be adjusted, the motor 20 works, the motor 20 drives the second butt joint part 12 to rotate, the second butt joint part 12 firstly enables the first driving wheel 13 to move from the locking position to the unlocking position along the axis direction Z, and then drives the first driving wheel 13 to rotate to adjust the angle position to a preset angle; after the azimuth angle of the base station antenna is adjusted, the reset piece 1102 drives the first driving wheel 13 to move from the unlocking position to the locking position under the action of self reset force, and the first driving wheel 13 is locked with the clutch piece 1101, so that the reflecting plate 30 can be locked, and further, the impact force is prevented from being transmitted to the motor 20 when the reflecting plate 30 is acted by external force, and damage faults caused by the external impact force on the motor 20 can be effectively avoided.

In some embodiments, the supporting structure 11 includes, but is not limited to, various structures, such as a housing or a supporting frame, which can support the first driving wheel 13, and can be flexibly adjusted and set according to practical requirements.

Referring to fig. 11 to 15, in some embodiments, the second abutting portion 131 is specifically disposed at an end of the first driving wheel 13 facing the second abutting member 12, so as to be capable of abutting and matching with the first abutting portion 121 of the second abutting member 12, and when the first abutting portion 121 rotates with the second abutting member 12, it can correspondingly move from the locking position to the unlocking position along the axial direction Z of the first driving wheel 13.

Referring to fig. 11 to 15, in one embodiment, the second abutting portion 131 includes a guide wall 1311 disposed around the circumference of the first driving wheel 13, and a first braking surface 1312 connected to an end of the guide wall 1311 adjacent to the second abutting member 12 in the circumferential direction of the first driving wheel 13. The spacing S between the guide wall 1311 and the end surface of the second butt joint 12 tends to decrease in the guide direction of the guide wall 1311. Referring to fig. 11 and 13, when the first driving wheel 13 is located at the locking position, the first abutting portion 121 corresponds to an end position of the guide wall 1311 away from the second abutting member 12 along the circumferential direction of the first driving wheel 13; referring to fig. 12, 14 and 15, when the first driving wheel 13 is located at the unlock position, the first abutting portion 121 abuts against the first braking surface 1312. Thus, when the second butting member 12 rotates to drive the first butting portion 121 to move from the locking position to the unlocking position, the first butting portion 121 starts to move along from the end of the guide wall 1311, which is far away from the second butting member 12 in the circumferential direction of the first driving wheel 13, to move along the guide wall 1311 to the end, which is close to the second butting member 12 in the circumferential direction of the first driving wheel 13, so as to abut against the first braking surface 1312, and at the same time, since the second butting member 12 is fixed in position in the axial direction, the first driving wheel 13 moves from the locking position to the unlocking position along the axial direction Z thereof and is separated from the clutch 1101, and the reset member 1102 is deformed, so that the first driving wheel 13 can be driven to rotate.

In addition, when the second docking member 12 drives the first driving wheel 13 to rotate to a preset angle and the reflective plate 30 is adjusted to the target azimuth angle, the second docking member 12 stops driving the first driving wheel 13. Further, in order to facilitate the reset member 1102 to drive the first driving wheel 13 to move from the unlocking position to the locking position, the second abutting member 12 is further rotated reversely to enable the first abutting portion 121 to move to one end of the guide wall 1311, which is far away from the second abutting member 12, along the circumferential direction of the first driving wheel 13, so that the first abutting portion 121 can avoid the first driving wheel 13 and cannot limit the axial reset of the first driving wheel 13, that is, under the action of the reset force of the reset member 1102, the first driving wheel 13 can be driven to smoothly move from the unlocking position to the locking position, and further the reset member 1102 can adopt a relatively small reset force to complete the reset of the first driving wheel 13, and the acting force on the motor 20 in the process of driving the first driving wheel 13 to rotate by the motor 20 is small without affecting the working performance of the motor 20.

Of course, in some alternatives, after the second docking member 12 drives the first driving wheel 13 to rotate to a preset angle and adjusts the reflective plate 30 to the target azimuth angle, the second docking member 12 stops driving the first driving wheel 13, and the elastic restoring force of the restoring member 1102 is larger and can drive the first driving wheel 13 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the first driving wheel 13 moves from the unlocking position to the locking position.

Referring to fig. 18 and 19, in some embodiments, the guide wall 1311 may be a spiral wall surface extending circumferentially around the first driving wheel 13, and during the movement of the first abutting portion 121 along the guide wall 1311, the first abutting portion 121 moves smoothly, with good stability and low noise; the first abutting portion 121 may be an arc-shaped wall surface or a flat wall surface extending circumferentially around the first driving wheel 13, so long as the guiding function is achieved, and the first abutting portion 121 may move from one end to the other end of the guiding wall 1311 in the circumferential direction of the first driving wheel 13 away from the second abutting member 12.

When the guide wall 1311 is provided as an arc-shaped wall surface or a flat wall surface, the guide wall 1311 is provided obliquely with respect to the axial surface of the first driving wheel 13 so that the distance S between the guide wall 1311 and the end surface of the second butt joint 12 tends to decrease in the guide direction of the guide wall 1311. The axial surface refers to a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the first driving wheel 13.

Referring to fig. 18 and 19, in some embodiments, the first abutting portion 121 is provided with an abutting surface 1211 for adapting to and abutting against the guide wall 1311. In this way, during the process of moving the first abutting portion 121 along the guide wall 1311, the first abutting portion is in surface contact with the guide wall 1311, so that the movement is smooth, the stability is good, and the noise is low. The first abutting portion 121 is further provided with a second braking surface 1212 capable of abutting and mating with the first braking surface 1312. In this way, when the first driving wheel 13 is located at the unlocking position, the second braking surface 1212 of the first abutting portion 121 and the first braking surface 1312 of the second abutting portion 131 abut against each other, that is, a surface contact manner is adopted to drive the first driving wheel 13 to rotate, so that the first driving wheel 13 can be stably driven to rotate.

Specifically, the pressing surface 1211 may be provided as a straight or arcuate surface inclined with respect to the axial surface of the first driving wheel 13, for example, due to the surface contact with the guide wall 1311.

Specifically, the second braking surface 1212 is connected to the pressing surface 1211, and the second braking surface 1212 abuts against the first braking surface 1312 when the pressing surface 1211 moves along the guide wall 1311 to the end of the guide wall 1311 near the second abutting member 12 in the circumferential direction of the first driving wheel 13. The second braking surface 1212 and the first braking surface 1312 are aligned with each other, and are each formed, for example, as a flat surface and are parallel to the axial direction Z of the first driving wheel 13.

Referring to fig. 11, 18 and 19, in one embodiment, the first abutting portion 121 is provided with a first arc-shaped wall 1213 and a second arc-shaped wall 1214 that are disposed opposite to each other along a radial direction. The second abutting portion 131 is provided with a third arc-shaped wall surface 1313 and a fourth arc-shaped wall surface 1314 which are oppositely arranged along the radial direction. Third arcuate wall 1313 is shaped to conform to first arcuate wall 1213 and fourth arcuate wall 1314 is shaped to conform to second arcuate wall 1214. In this way, the first abutting portion 121 rotates to drive the first driving wheel 13 to move from the locking position to the unlocking position, the first arc-shaped wall 1213 moves along the third arc-shaped wall 1313, and the second arc-shaped wall 1214 moves along the fourth arc-shaped wall 1314, so that the movement stability of the first driving wheel 13 along the axis direction Z can be improved.

Referring to fig. 11, 18 and 19, in one embodiment, the second abutting portion 131 is a groove formed on an axial end surface of the first driving wheel 13, and the first abutting portion 121 extends into the groove through a notch of the groove. The guide wall 1311 extends from the bottom wall of the recess to the side wall of the recess where the first stop surface 1312 is located.

Wherein, the bottom wall of the groove refers to the position opposite to the notch position on the inner wall of the groove.

In one embodiment, the guide walls 1311 are provided in two and the first braking surfaces 1312 are provided in two. Two guide walls 1311 are connected to each other at an end distant from the second butt joint 12 in the circumferential direction of the first drive wheel 13, and each guide wall 1311 is connected to a first braking surface 1312 at an end close to the second butt joint 12 in the circumferential direction of the first drive wheel 13. Thus, the first abutting portion 121 may rotate clockwise to drive the first driving wheel 13 to move from the locking position to the unlocking position, so as to drive the first driving wheel 13 to drive the reflecting plate 30 to adjust the azimuth angle according to the clockwise rotation; the first driving wheel 13 can be driven to move from the locking position to the unlocking position by rotating anticlockwise, so that the first driving wheel 13 is driven to drive the reflecting plate 30 to adjust the azimuth angle according to the anticlockwise rotation. The azimuth angle of the base station antenna is more flexible to adjust, bidirectional adjustment can be realized, and the adjustment operation is more convenient.

Specifically, the pressing surface 1211 and the second braking surface 1212 are two in each case. Each pressing surface 1211 is provided corresponding to each guide wall 1311, and each second braking surface 1212 is provided corresponding to each first braking surface 1312.

Optionally, the first abutting portion 121 further includes a first transition surface 1215 disposed between the two abutting surfaces 1211. The second butt-joint 131 further includes a second transition surface 1315 disposed between the two second braking surfaces 1212. When the first drive wheel 13 moves to the locked position, the first transition surface 1215 and the second transition surface 1315 abut each other.

It should be noted that, in some alternative solutions, the specific structure of the first abutting portion 121 on the second abutting member 12 in the above embodiment may also be disposed on the first driving wheel 13, and the specific structure of the second abutting portion 131 on the first driving wheel 13 is correspondingly disposed on the second abutting member 12, so that the second abutting member 12 can also drive the first driving wheel 13 to move from the locking position to the unlocking position when rotating, which is not described herein, but it should be noted that the simple modification solution according to the above embodiment belongs to the same inventive concept, and therefore should also fall within the protection scope of the present application.

In one embodiment, the first driving wheel 13 is provided with a first positioning shaft 132, the second docking member 12 is provided with a first shaft hole 122 corresponding to the first positioning shaft 132, and the first positioning shaft 132 rotatably penetrates into the first shaft hole 122. Or the first driving wheel 13 is provided with a second shaft hole, the second butting piece 12 is provided with a second positioning shaft 153 corresponding to the first positioning shaft 132, and the second positioning shaft 153 is rotatably arranged in the second shaft hole in a penetrating manner. In this way, the second butting member 12 has a positioning and guiding function, and the rotation of the second butting member relative to the first driving wheel 13 is more stable, so that the first driving wheel 13 can stably move along the axis direction Z.

Referring to fig. 10 and fig. 18 to 21, in some embodiments, the supporting structure 11 is, for example, provided as a housing, and the supporting structure 11 is formed with a third shaft hole 1103 corresponding to the position of the second docking member 12, and the second docking member 12 can extend into the interior of the housing through the third shaft hole 1103 and be in abutting engagement with the second docking portion 131 of the first driving wheel 13 located in the interior of the housing. In addition, the azimuth angle adjusting mechanism 10 of the base station antenna further comprises a clamping ring 14, wherein the clamping ring 14 is detachably clamped and fixed on the outer wall of the second butt joint part 12 and is abutted against the outer wall of the supporting structure 11, so that a limiting effect is achieved on the second butt joint part 12, and the second butt joint part 12 is prevented from falling into the shell through the third shaft hole 1103, so that the second butt joint part 12 is separated from the power rotating shaft of the motor 20.

In some embodiments, the support structure 11 is formed with a fourth shaft hole 1104 corresponding to the position of the first positioning shaft 132, and the first positioning shaft 132 is rotatably inserted into the fourth shaft hole 1104. Thus, the opposite ends of the first positioning shaft 132 are rotatably disposed in the supporting structure 11 and the second abutting part 12, respectively, so as to realize that the first driving wheel 13 is stably and rotatably mounted on the supporting structure 11.

In some embodiments, the reset member 1102 includes, but is not limited to, a resilient reset member 1102, such as a spring, resilient block, resilient bar or post, or the like, provided that the provision of a resilient reset force is accomplished so as to urge the first drive wheel 13 from the unlocked position back to the locked position. In this embodiment, the restoring member 1102 is, for example, a spring, and opposite ends of the spring are respectively connected between the first driving wheel 13 and the supporting structure 11, and may be set to be a compression spring or a tension spring, which may be set according to actual requirements. Specifically, the spring is a compression spring, one end of which abuts against an end of the first driving wheel 13 facing away from the second abutting piece 12, and the other end of which abuts against the bottom of the support structure 11. When the first driving wheel 13 is in the unlocked position, the spring is in an extended state or a slightly compressed state due to the fact that the driving part is located at an end of the guide wall 1311 in the circumferential direction of the first driving wheel 13, which is remote from the second abutment 12, i.e. the distance between the first driving wheel 13 and the bottom of the support structure 11 is relatively large; when the second abutment 12 rotates such that the first driving wheel 13 moves from the unlocked position towards the locked position, the first driving wheel 13 moves towards the bottom of the support structure 11, compressing the spring while disengaging from the clutch 1101, such that the spring has a return force.

Referring to fig. 10, 11, 20 and 21, in some embodiments, the supporting structure 11 is provided with a first flange 1105 circumferentially disposed around the fourth shaft hole 1104, one end of the spring is sleeved on the first flange 1105, and the first flange 1105 plays a role in positioning the spring. In addition, the first positioning shaft 132 is also inserted into the first flange 1105, so that the rotational stability of the first driving wheel 13 can be improved. In addition, a second flange 133 is formed on an end surface of the first driving wheel 13 facing away from the second abutting part 12, and the other end of the spring penetrates into a concave part formed by matching the second flange 133 with the end surface of the first driving wheel 13, so that the spring is positioned.

In some embodiments, the first driving wheel 13 includes, but is not limited to, a gear, a pulley, a sprocket, etc., and may be specifically selected according to actual needs, which is not limited herein. In the present embodiment, the first driving wheel 13 is specifically taken as an example of a gear, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In a specific embodiment, the first driving wheel 13 is embodied as a gear. Referring to fig. 12, 14 and 15, when the first driving wheel 13 is located at the unlocking position, the tooth portion of the first driving wheel 13 is separated from the clutch 1101, that is, the rotation of the first driving wheel 13 is not limited by the clutch 1101, so that the second docking member 12 can drive the first driving wheel 13 to adjust and rotate when rotating, thereby realizing adjustment of the azimuth angle of the base station antenna; referring to fig. 11 and 13, when the first driving wheel 13 is located at the locking position, the clutch 1101 is interposed between any two adjacent teeth of the first driving wheel 13, so as to limit the rotation of the first driving wheel 13, and perform a locking function. When the second butting piece 12 rotates to drive the first driving wheel 13 to move from the locking position to the unlocking position, the first driving wheel 13 moves in a direction away from the second butting piece 12, so that the first driving wheel is separated from the clutch 1101.

It should be noted that, the reflective plate 30 is connected to a second driving wheel 40 connected to the first driving wheel 13, and the first driving wheel 13 can drive the second driving wheel 40 to rotate, so as to implement azimuth adjustment for driving the reflective plate 30. The first driving wheel 13 may be directly connected to the second driving wheel 40, so as to directly drive the second driving wheel 40 to rotate, or may be indirectly connected to the second driving wheel 40, that is, one or more intermediate driving wheels 15 are disposed between the first driving wheel 13 and the second driving wheel 40, so that the reflective plate 30 can be driven to rotate conveniently.

In one embodiment, the azimuth angle adjustment mechanism 10 of the base station antenna further includes an intermediate transmission wheel 15 disposed between the first driving wheel 13 and the reflection plate 30. The first driving wheel 13 is connected to an intermediate driving wheel 15, and the intermediate driving wheel 15 is used for driving the reflecting plate 30 to rotate. The intermediate transmission wheel 15 is specifically, for example, a reduction gear. Thus, the reduction gear plays a role in reducing the speed, can stably drive the reflecting plate 30 to rotate and adjust the azimuth angle, and can improve the adjustment precision of the azimuth angle.

Wherein, when the first driving wheel 13 is set as a gear, the middle driving wheel 15 is a gear meshed with the first driving wheel 13; when the first driving wheel 13 is provided as a pulley or sprocket, the intermediate driving wheel 15 is provided as a pulley or sprocket corresponding to the first driving wheel 13. In addition, the reduction ratio of the reduction gear comprises, but is not limited to, 1:2-30, and particularly, the reduction gear can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual requirements.

Referring to fig. 10, 17 and 21, in one embodiment, the intermediate driving wheel 15 is rotatably disposed on the supporting structure 11, the intermediate driving wheel 15 is provided with a stop portion 151, and the supporting structure 11 is provided with at least one positioning surface 11061 abutting against the stop portion 151. In this way, when the first driving wheel 13 drives the intermediate driving wheel 15 to move to the position where the stop portion 151 and the positioning surface 11061 abut against each other for positioning, the positioning surface 11061 can limit the intermediate driving wheel 15 and the first driving wheel 13 to continue to rotate, so as to perform positioning and calibration functions. After the zeroing operation is completed, under the driving of the second butt joint part 12, the first driving wheel 13 and the middle driving wheel 15 drive the reflecting plate 30 to rotate reversely to adjust the azimuth angle, so that the adjustment precision of the azimuth angle can be improved.

Referring to fig. 5 to 7, 10, 17 and 21, in some embodiments, when the stop portion 151 of the intermediate driving wheel 15 moves to a position where it is located against the locating surface 11061, the reflective plate 30 moves to a limit position, i.e. the azimuth angle cannot be increased by the left-hand or right-hand rotation. Specifically, for example, two positioning surfaces 11061 are provided, and the two positioning surfaces 11061 correspond to the left-hand limit position and the right-hand limit position of the reflection plate 30, respectively. When the stop portion 151 rotates to the left along with the intermediate driving wheel 15, for example, to be positioned in abutment with one of the positioning surfaces 11061, the reflecting plate 30 is adjusted to the left-hand limit position, and cannot continue to rotate to the left to increase the azimuth angle, and the control main board of the base station antenna can identify the left-hand limit position of the induction base station antenna, as shown in fig. 7; when the stop portion 151 rotates to the right along with the intermediate driving wheel 15, for example, to be positioned in abutment with the other positioning surface 11061, the reflecting plate 30 is adjusted to the right-hand limit position, and cannot rotate to the right continuously to increase the azimuth angle, and the control motherboard of the base station antenna can identify the right-hand limit position of the sensing base station antenna, as shown in fig. 6. Thus, not only the left-handed calibration but also the right-handed calibration can be realized.

In one embodiment, the adjustment of the azimuth angle of the base station antenna comprises the steps of:

A calibration step, in which the power shaft of the motor 20 drives the second docking member 12 to rotate, for example, along the first direction, that is, power is input to the second docking member 12; the second butting piece 12 rotates to drive the first butting part 121 to move along the guide wall 1311, at this time, the first driving wheel 13 moves in a direction far away from the second butting piece 12 so as to realize gradual separation of the first driving wheel 13 from the clutch piece 1101, and when the second braking surface 1212 of the first butting part 121 is in mutual abutting contact with the first braking surface 1312, the first driving wheel 13 is separated from the clutch piece 1101, namely unlocking is realized; the second butting piece 12 continues to rotate along the first direction, the first driving wheel 13 correspondingly drives the middle driving wheel 15 to rotate, the middle driving wheel 15 drives the reflecting plate 30 to rotate along the first direction, and when the stop part 151 of the middle driving wheel 15 is abutted to one of the positioning surfaces 11061 for positioning, the reflecting plate 30 is synchronously adjusted to the limit position along the first direction, and the main board is controlled to be capable of sensing the position of the base station antenna and realizing zero-resetting calibration;

In the azimuth angle adjusting step, the power is input in reverse direction, the power rotating shaft of the motor 20 drives the second butting member 12 to rotate along a second direction opposite to the first direction, the first butting portion 121 of the second butting member 12 moves downwards along the guiding wall 1311, and meanwhile, the first driving wheel 13 is reset under the action of the reset force of the reset member 1102 and is locked with the clutch member 1101 in an interlocking manner, so that temporary locking is realized. As the power continues to be input, the first abutting portion 121 of the second abutting member 12 moves upward along the guide wall 1311, at this time, the first driving wheel 13 moves in a direction away from the second abutting member 12, so as to realize gradual separation of the first driving wheel 13 from the clutch 1101, and when the other second braking surface 1212 of the first abutting portion 121 abuts against the other first braking surface 1312, the first driving wheel 13 is separated from the clutch 1101 again, that is, unlocking is realized again; the second butting piece 12 continues to rotate along the second direction, the second driving wheel 40 correspondingly drives the middle driving wheel 15 to continue to rotate, the middle driving wheel 15 drives the reflecting plate 30 to continue to rotate along the second direction, and when the reflecting plate 30 rotates to a target azimuth angle, the power is stopped;

In the locking step, the power is input reversely again, that is, the power rotating shaft of the motor 20 drives the second butt joint part 12 to rotate along the first direction, for example, the first butt joint part 121 of the second butt joint part 12 moves along the guide wall 1311, when the second butt joint part 131 moves from the unlocking position to the locking position, the power is stopped, the adjusting operation is completed, and meanwhile, the self-locking of the device is completed.

In some embodiments, the support structure 11 is formed with a movable slot 1106 for accommodating the stop portion 151, the stop portion 151 is movably disposed in the movable slot 1106, and the intermediate driving wheel 15 drives the stop portion 151 to move along the movable slot 1106 when rotating on the support structure 11. The movable groove 1106 is formed with stopper surfaces at opposite ends in the moving direction of the stopper 151, respectively. The movable groove 1106 not only plays a guiding role to improve the rotation stability of the intermediate transmission wheel 15, but also can realize the azimuth calibration function of the reflection plate 30 due to the formation of the stop surface.

Referring to fig. 10, 16 and 20, in one embodiment, a chute 152 is formed on an end surface of the intermediate driving wheel 15 facing away from the stop portion 151, and a damping member 16 for abutting and matching with a bottom wall of the chute 152 is mounted on the supporting structure 11. In this way, the damping member 16 acts as a support for the intermediate transmission wheel 15 and eliminates the assembly gap of the mechanism, so that the intermediate transmission wheel 15 rotates smoothly.

Alternatively, damping member 16 includes, but is not limited to, various damping structures configured as damping fins, damping blocks, damping strips, and the like. The damping member 16 includes, but is not limited to, being removably mounted to the support structure 11 so that replacement and maintenance can be performed in a timely manner according to actual needs. Specifically, the supporting structure 11 is provided with a locking portion 1109, and the damper 16 is locked to the locking portion 1109.

Referring to fig. 18 to 21, in some embodiments, the intermediate driving wheel 15 is provided with a second positioning shaft 153, and the supporting structure 11 is provided with a fifth shaft hole 1107 corresponding to the second positioning shaft 153, where the second positioning shaft 153 rotatably penetrates the fifth shaft hole 1107. In this way, the intermediate driving wheel 15 can be stably rotated on the supporting structure 11, which is beneficial to improving the adjustment precision of the azimuth angle.

Referring to fig. 18 to 21, in one embodiment, the support structure 11 includes a first housing 111 and a second housing 112 that are detachably connected. The damping member 16 is mounted on the first housing 111, and the second housing 112 is in abutting engagement with an end surface of the intermediate transmission wheel 15. Under the supporting action of the damping member 16, the second housing 112 can be brought into close abutment with the end face of the intermediate transmission wheel 15, so that the assembly gap of the mechanism can be eliminated, and the intermediate transmission wheel 15 can be rotated smoothly.

Specifically, the second housing 112 is provided with a positioning groove 1108 in which the intermediate transmission wheel 15 can be accommodated, and the intermediate transmission wheel 15 is rotatably provided in the positioning groove 1108 and abuts against the bottom wall of the positioning groove 1108. Optionally, a movable slot 1106 is formed in the bottom wall of the positioning slot 1108 to receive the stop 151.

In some embodiments, the opposite ends of the reflection plate 30 are respectively provided with connection shafts 31. The connection shaft 31 is rotatably provided on the housing 50. The second driving wheel 40 is coaxially disposed with the connecting shaft 31, so that the reflecting plate 30 is driven to smoothly rotate when the second driving wheel 40 rotates, thereby realizing adjustment of azimuth angle.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that, if any, these terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., are used herein with respect to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, these terms refer to the orientation or positional relationship for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the terms "plurality" and "a plurality" if any, mean at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present application, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly. For example, the two parts can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the meaning of a first feature being "on" or "off" a second feature, and the like, is that the first and second features are either in direct contact or in indirect contact through an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

It will be understood that if an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. If an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein, if any, are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent a unique embodiment.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A base station antenna, characterized in that the base station antenna comprises:

Outer cover;

a reflector plate rotatably disposed inside the outer cover; and

An azimuth adjustment device, the azimuth adjustment device includes a protective shell arranged on the outer side of the top of the outer cover, a motor, a control mainboard electrically connected to the motor, and an azimuth adjustment mechanism connected between the motor and the reflector, the motor and the control mainboard are both arranged inside the protective shell, and the azimuth adjustment mechanism is located inside the outer cover and arranged at the upper end of the outer cover; the power shaft of the motor is provided with a first docking piece, and the bottom of the protective shell is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the position of the first docking piece; the azimuth adjustment mechanism includes a second docking piece, and the top of the outer cover is provided with a second through hole corresponding to the position of the second docking piece, the second through hole also corresponds to the position of the first through hole, and the first docking piece and the second docking piece are connected to each other through the first through hole and the second through hole.

2 . The base station antenna according to claim 1 , wherein the first docking member and the second docking member are detachably connected in a sleeve manner. 3 .

3 . The base station antenna according to claim 2 , wherein the protective shell is detachably disposed on the top of the outer cover.

4. The base station antenna according to claim 3 is characterized in that at least one boss is provided on the top surface of the outer cover, and the protective shell is provided with a mounting portion corresponding to and detachably connected to the boss.

5 . The base station antenna according to claim 4 , wherein the number of the bosses is multiple, the number of the mounting portions is multiple, and each of the mounting portions is correspondingly connected to each of the bosses.

6. The base station antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that a first waterproof ridge is formed on the outer wall of the protective shell and is circumferentially arranged around the first through hole, and a second waterproof ridge is formed on the top surface of the outer cover and is circumferentially arranged around the second through hole, and the first waterproof ridge and the second waterproof ridge are nested.

7. The base station antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that the azimuth angle adjustment mechanism further includes: a support structure and a first driving wheel; the support structure is provided with a clutch and a reset member; the second docking member is used to be connected to the power shaft of the motor, and the second docking member is provided with a first docking portion; the first driving wheel is used to drive the reflection plate to rotate, the first driving wheel and the second docking member are coaxially arranged, the first driving wheel is provided with a second docking portion abutting against the first docking portion, and when the first docking portion rotates, it can drive the second docking portion to move so that the first driving wheel moves along its axial direction Z from the locked position to the unlocked position, the first driving wheel is also connected to the reset member, and the reset member is used to drive the first driving wheel to move from the unlocked position to the locked position;

When the first driving wheel is located at the unlocking position, the first driving wheel and the clutch are separated from each other, and the second docking member can drive the first driving wheel to rotate; when the first driving wheel is located at the locking position, the first driving wheel and the clutch are locked with each other.

8. The base station antenna according to claim 7 is characterized in that the second docking portion includes a guide wall arranged around the circumference of the first driving wheel, and a first braking surface connected to one end of the guide wall close to the second docking piece along the circumferential direction of the first driving wheel; the spacing S between the guide wall and the end surface of the second docking piece tends to decrease along the guide direction of the guide wall; when the first driving wheel is located at the locking position, the first docking portion corresponds to the position of one end of the guide wall away from the second docking piece along the circumferential direction of the first driving wheel; when the first driving wheel is located at the unlocking position, the first docking portion and the first braking surface abut against each other.

9 . The base station antenna according to claim 8 , wherein the guide wall is a spiral wall surface, an arc wall surface or a straight wall surface extending circumferentially around the first driving wheel.

10. The base station antenna according to claim 8 is characterized in that the first docking portion is provided with a pressing surface for adapting to and abutting against the shape of the guide wall; and/or the first docking portion is provided with a second braking surface that can abut against and cooperate with the first braking surface.

11. The base station antenna according to claim 10 is characterized in that the first docking portion is provided with a first curved wall surface and a second curved wall surface which are arranged opposite to each other in a radial direction, and the second docking portion is provided with a third curved wall surface and a fourth curved wall surface which are arranged opposite to each other in a radial direction, and the shape of the third curved wall surface and the shape of the first curved wall surface are adapted to each other, and the shape of the fourth curved wall surface and the second curved wall surface are adapted to each other.

12. The base station antenna according to claim 10 is characterized in that the second docking portion is a groove formed on the axial end face of the first driving wheel, and the first docking portion extends into the groove through the notch of the groove; the guide wall extends from the bottom wall of the groove to the side wall of the groove, and the first braking surface is arranged on the side wall of the groove.

13. The base station antenna according to claim 8 is characterized in that there are two guide walls and two first braking surfaces; the two guide walls are connected to each other at one end away from the second docking piece along the circumferential direction of the first driving wheel, and each of the guide walls is connected to one first braking surface at one end close to the second docking piece along the circumferential direction of the first driving wheel.

14. The base station antenna according to claim 7 is characterized in that the first driving wheel is provided with a first positioning axis, the second docking piece is provided with a first axial hole corresponding to the first positioning axis, and the first positioning axis is rotatably inserted into the first axial hole; or, the first driving wheel is provided with a second axial hole, the second docking piece is provided with a second positioning axis corresponding to the first positioning axis, and the second positioning axis is rotatably inserted into the second axial hole.

15. The base station antenna according to claim 7 is characterized in that the first driving wheel is configured as a gear; when the first driving wheel is located at the unlocking position, the tooth portion of the first driving wheel and the clutch are separated from each other; when the first driving wheel is located at the locking position, the clutch is inserted between any two adjacent tooth portions of the first driving wheel.

16. The base station antenna according to claim 7 is characterized in that the azimuth angle adjustment mechanism of the base station antenna also includes an intermediate transmission wheel arranged between the first driving wheel and the reflection plate, the first driving wheel is connected to the intermediate transmission wheel, and the intermediate transmission wheel is used to drive the reflection plate to rotate; the intermediate transmission wheel is a reduction wheel.

17. The base station antenna according to claim 16, characterized in that the intermediate transmission wheel is rotatably arranged on the supporting structure, a stop portion is provided on the intermediate transmission wheel, and at least one positioning surface abutting against the stop portion is provided on the supporting structure.

18. The base station antenna according to claim 17, characterized in that a slide groove is formed on the end surface of the intermediate transmission wheel away from the stop portion, and a damping member for abutting and cooperating with the bottom wall of the slide groove is installed on the support structure.

19. The base station antenna according to claim 18, characterized in that the supporting structure comprises a first shell and a second shell that are detachably connected; the damping member is mounted on the first shell, and the second shell is abutted against the end surface of the intermediate transmission wheel.

20. The base station antenna according to claim 7 is characterized in that the base station antenna also includes a second driving wheel connected to the reflecting plate; the first driving wheel is connected to the second driving wheel for driving the second driving wheel to rotate; and/or the opposite ends of the reflecting plate are respectively provided with connecting shafts, and the connecting shafts are rotatably arranged on the outer cover.