CN118611377A - An electromagnetic energy harvesting device based on flow-induced vibration - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy, in particular to an electromagnetic energy collecting device based on flow-induced vibration, which comprises a blunt body part, wherein the blunt body part comprises a column body and an outer wing, the outer wing is arranged on the side wall of the column body, and the outer wing and the column body form a wing-shaped blunt body structure; the outer wings comprise a first outer wing and a second outer wing, the first outer wing is connected with the second outer wing, and the first outer wing and the second outer wing are symmetrically arranged in the height direction of the column body; the electromagnetic energy conversion parts are arranged in two, the two electromagnetic energy conversion parts are symmetrically arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the cylinder, and the directions of the electromagnetic energy conversion parts are opposite to the directions of the outer wings. The wing-shaped blunt body structure can effectively increase the amplitude of flow-induced vibration, and compared with the traditional blunt body structure, the wing-shaped blunt body can improve the conversion rate from fluid energy to mechanical vibration energy, thereby being beneficial to the microminiaturization of the energy collecting device.

Description

An electromagnetic energy harvesting device based on flow-induced vibration

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of energy technology, and in particular to an electromagnetic energy collection device based on flow-induced vibration.

Background Art

In recent years, with the rapid development of technologies such as micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and wireless communications, low-energy, multifunctional micro-sensors and systems have shown broad application potential in the fields of transportation, energy, medical care, environmental monitoring, aviation, etc. However, most of these microelectronic devices rely on chemical batteries for power supply, which are difficult to replace in specific environments, have large size and limited lifespan, which seriously restrict the working efficiency of the devices. Energy harvesting technology, as an emerging solution, can continuously extract energy from the environment and convert it into electrical energy. It has the advantages of sustainability, miniaturization and high energy density, and provides new ideas for the power supply problem of microelectronic devices.

Micro sensors can be used in a variety of natural environments, including windy uninhabited areas, rivers and oceans, etc. In these environments full of fluid energy, continuous energy collection, storage and utilization are achieved, and solving the problem of fluid energy collection is the most important key link.

However, most of the traditional wind power generation and hydropower generation devices use rotating turbine devices for energy collection. Traditional energy collection devices are large in size and have low energy collection density, and are not suitable for micro sensors.

Therefore, how to provide an energy harvesting device that can be suitable for micro-sensors is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved.

Summary of the invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the related art. To this end, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic energy harvesting device based on flow-induced vibration.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

An electromagnetic energy collection device based on flow-induced vibration, comprising:

A bluff body portion, the bluff body portion comprising a column and an outer wing, the outer wing being arranged on a side wall of the column, the outer wing and the column forming a wing-shaped bluff body structure;

Wherein, the outer wing comprises a first outer wing and a second outer wing, the first outer wing and the second outer wing are connected, and the first outer wing and the second outer wing are symmetrically arranged in the height direction of the column;

The electromagnetic energy conversion part is provided with two electromagnetic energy conversion parts, and the two electromagnetic energy conversion parts are symmetrically arranged at the top and bottom ends of the column, and the direction of the electromagnetic energy conversion part is opposite to the direction of the outer wing.

Furthermore, the electromagnetic energy conversion unit includes:

A magnet array and a magnet frame, wherein the magnet array is installed in the magnet frame;

A coil array and a base, wherein the magnet frame and the coil array are sequentially installed in the base from back to front;

The column is detachably connected to the magnet frame.

Furthermore, the base includes a front baffle, an upper baffle, a lower baffle, a left baffle and a right baffle, and the base is a box structure with a rear end opening formed by the front baffle, the upper baffle, the lower baffle, the left baffle and the right baffle.

Furthermore, the magnet frame is connected to the base via a ball bearing slide mechanism, and the ball bearing slide mechanism is used to limit the moving direction of the protons.

Furthermore, the ball slide mechanism comprises:

A ball groove, the ball groove is arranged at the top and the bottom of the magnet frame, a plurality of the ball grooves are arranged, the plurality of the ball grooves are arranged at equal intervals in a direction parallel to the front baffle, and the plurality of the ball grooves are linearly arranged at the top and the bottom of the magnet frame;

A ball, wherein the ball is arranged in the ball groove, the number of the balls is matched with the number of the ball grooves, and the diameter of the ball is greater than the depth of the ball groove;

A ball bearing slide rail, the ball bearing slide rail comprises two slide rails which are symmetrical in upper and lower directions, the two slide rails are respectively arranged on the inner side walls of the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate, and the two slide rails extend in a direction parallel to the front baffle plate;

A spring assembly, the spring assembly comprising a spring and a spring slot, the spring being arranged in the spring slot, the spring slot being arranged on the side wall of the magnet frame, two spring assemblies being arranged, and the two spring assemblies being symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls of the magnet frame;

Wherein, the spring is a compression spring, and the length of the spring in a free state is greater than the depth of the spring slot;

It also includes a spring clamping groove, wherein two spring clamping grooves are provided, and the two spring clamping grooves are symmetrically provided on the inner side walls of the left baffle plate and the right baffle plate;

When the magnet frame is installed in the base, the ball is located in the ball slide rail, and the outer end of the spring is located in the spring clamping groove.

Furthermore, the magnet array adopts an alternating N-S magnetic pole arrangement.

Furthermore, the number of coils in the coil array is one more than the number of magnets in the magnet array.

Furthermore, the outer wing is a concave arc structure, and the arc bottom of the outer wing is connected to the side wall of the column;

Alternatively, the outer wing is a folded plate structure, and the bending part of the outer wing is connected to the side wall of the column.

Furthermore, the column is a round column, a square column or a rectangular column.

Furthermore, it also includes a coil positioning pin, which is installed on the inner wall of the front baffle, and the coil array is installed on the front baffle through the coil positioning pin.

Furthermore, the left baffle plate and the right baffle plate are connected to the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate respectively by bolts.

The above one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

The present invention provides an electromagnetic energy collection device based on flow-induced vibration. The blunt body portion includes a column and an outer wing. The outer wing and the column form a wing-shaped blunt body structure. The wing-shaped blunt body structure can effectively increase the amplitude of the flow-induced vibration. Compared with the traditional blunt body structure, the wing-shaped blunt body can improve the conversion rate of fluid energy to mechanical vibration energy, which is conducive to realizing the miniaturization of the energy collection device.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying any creative work.

FIG1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an electromagnetic energy harvesting device based on flow-induced vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an electromagnetic energy harvesting device based on flow-induced vibration provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a base provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a ball guide rail mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of an electromagnetic energy harvesting device based on flow-induced vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG6 is a top view of an electromagnetic energy harvesting device based on flow-induced vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a left view of an electromagnetic energy harvesting device based on flow-induced vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG8 is a flow-induced vibration principle diagram of an electromagnetic energy harvesting device based on flow-induced vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the motion mechanism of an electromagnetic energy harvesting device based on flow-induced vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an electromagnetic energy harvesting device based on flow-induced vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1. Blunt body; 11. Column; 111. Stud; 12. Outer wing; 121. First outer wing; 122. Second outer wing;

2. Electromagnetic energy conversion unit; 21. Magnet array; 22. Magnet frame; 221. Stud slot; 23. Coil array; 24. Base; 241. Front baffle; 242. Upper baffle; 243. Lower baffle; 244. Left baffle; 245. Right baffle; 25. Ball rail mechanism; 251. Ball groove; 252. Ball; 253. Ball rail; 254. Spring assembly; 2541. Spring; 2542. Spring groove; 2543. Spring slot; 26. Coil locating pin; 27. Bolt.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center line", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the term "specific embodiment" or the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments and features of the different embodiments described in this specification without contradiction.

An electromagnetic energy collection device based on flow-induced vibration, comprising:

Blunt body 1, the blunt body 1 includes a column 11 and an outer wing 12, the outer wing 12 is arranged on the side wall of the column 11, and the outer wing 12 and the column 11 form a wing-shaped blunt body structure; the blunt body is relative to the streamlined body, and the streamlined body is round in front and pointed in the back, with a smooth surface and slightly resembling a water drop. When an object with this shape moves in a fluid, the fluid flows along the contour of the object, and basically no separation and wake are generated, so the resistance is minimal. For a blunt body, that is, a non-streamlined body, flow separation will be formed on its boundary, and a wide wake will be generated at the rear, accompanied by vortex shedding (which may be periodic or non-periodic). The invention adopts a wing-shaped blunt body instead of a traditional cylindrical or square column blunt body, which can effectively increase the amplitude of flow-induced vibration and improve the conversion rate of fluid energy to mechanical vibration energy, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of energy collection devices.

The electromagnetic energy conversion unit 2 is provided with two electromagnetic energy conversion units 2, and the two electromagnetic energy conversion units 2 are symmetrically arranged at the top and bottom of the column 11, and the direction of the electromagnetic energy conversion unit 2 is opposite to the direction of the outer wing 12. Electromagnetic induction, as an important phenomenon in physics, refers to the generation of an induced current in a conductor when a conductor moves relative to a magnetic field. In the process of electromagnetic induction, energy is converted from different forms, and this energy conversion is of great significance for practical applications. In the process of electromagnetic induction, the conversion between electric energy and magnetic energy is an important aspect. When a conductor moves in a magnetic field, the magnetic field generates a force on the charges in the conductor, causing the charges to move along the inside of the conductor to form an induced current. At this time, the electric energy is converted into magnetic energy and stored in the magnetic field generated by the induced current. Conversely, when the conductor in the magnetic field is stationary, the induced current gradually decreases, and the magnetic energy is converted into electric energy, thereby driving the movement of the charges in the conductor. The conversion between electric energy and magnetic energy has been widely used in generators. The generator continuously converts electric energy and magnetic energy into each other through the relative movement between the rotating conductor and the magnetic field.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

An electromagnetic energy collection device based on flow-induced vibration, as shown in Figures 1 to 7, includes: a blunt body portion 1, the blunt body portion 1 includes a column 11 and an outer wing 12, the outer wing 12 is a concave arc structure, the arc bottom of the outer wing 12 is arranged in the middle of the side wall of the column 11, and the outer wing 12 and the column 11 form a wing-shaped blunt body structure; the outer wing 12 includes a first outer wing 121 and a second outer wing 122, and the first outer wing 121 and the second outer wing 122 are symmetrically arranged in the height direction of the column 11.

The electromagnetic energy conversion part 2 is provided with two electromagnetic energy conversion parts 2 , and the two electromagnetic energy conversion parts 2 are symmetrically arranged at the top and bottom ends of the column 11 , and the direction of the electromagnetic energy conversion part 2 is opposite to the direction of the outer wing 12 .

Wherein, the electromagnetic energy conversion unit 2 comprises:

A magnet array 21 and a magnet frame 22, wherein the magnet array 21 is installed in the magnet frame 22;

The coil array 23 and the base 24, the magnet frame 22 and the coil array 23 are sequentially installed in the base 24 from back to front;

The magnet frame 22 is connected to the base 24 via a ball slide mechanism 25;

Among them, the base 24 is a box body structure with a rear end opening formed by a front baffle 241, an upper baffle 242, a lower baffle 243, a left baffle 244 and a right baffle 245. The upper baffle 242 and the lower baffle 243 are fixedly connected to the front baffle 241, and the left baffle 244 and the right baffle 245 are respectively fixed to the upper baffle 242, the lower baffle 243 and the front baffle 241 by bolts 27. The upper baffle 242, the lower baffle 243 and the front baffle 241 are respectively provided with threaded structures matching the bolts 27, and the bolts 27 are detachably connected to the threaded structures. This connection method has a simple structure, is easy to operate, has a tight connection, and is convenient to disassemble.

The coil positioning pin 26 is also included, and the coil positioning pin 26 is arranged on the inner wall of the front baffle 241 .

The ball bearing slide rail mechanism 25 includes: a ball bearing groove 251, a ball bearing 252, a ball bearing slide rail 253, and a spring assembly 254. The spring assembly 254 includes a spring 2541 and a spring groove 2542. The spring 2541 is arranged in the spring groove 2542. The spring groove 2542 is arranged on the side wall of the magnet frame 22. Two spring assemblies 254 are arranged, and the two spring assemblies 254 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls of the magnet frame 22.

The spring 2541 is a compression spring, and the length of the spring 2541 in a free state is greater than the depth of the spring slot 2542;

It also includes a spring slot 2543 , two of which are symmetrically disposed on the inner side walls of the left baffle plate 244 and the right baffle plate 245 .

The coil array 23 is mounted on the coil positioning pin 26 in the base 24; the magnet array 21 is mounted inside the magnet frame 22, and the balls 252 are embedded in the ball grooves 251 at the top and bottom of the magnet frame 22. The magnet frame 22 is inserted into the two ball rails 253 provided on the inner side walls of the upper baffle 242 and the lower baffle 243 of the base 24 through the balls 252, so that a ball pair is formed between the magnet frame 22 and the base 24; one end of the spring 2541 is stuck in the spring grooves 251 on the left and right side walls of the magnet frame 22. 542, the other end of the spring 2541 is stuck in the spring slot 2543 of the left baffle 244 and the right baffle 245; the column 11 is connected to the stud slot 221 at the rear of the magnet frame 22 through the stud 111, so that the magnet frame 22 can be driven to move, and the stud 111 and the stud slot 221 are detachably connected, so that the magnet frame 22 and the column 11 can form a stable connection form, and the connection form of the stud 111 and the stud slot 221 is simple in structure and easy to operate.

The principle diagram of flow-induced vibration is shown in Figure 8, where FL in Figure 8 represents _the periodically changing lift force on the bluff body. When the wing-shaped bluff body structure is placed in a steady flow under certain conditions, the fluid on both sides will have unstable boundary layer separation, and vortices will be shed alternately along the direction of the flow. The two rows of vortices are staggered and rotate in opposite directions, one row is clockwise and the other row is counterclockwise. Each vortex is aligned with the midpoint of the two opposite vortices, which is the Karman vortex street. When this fluid bypasses the bluff body, vortices are periodically generated and shed downstream of the bluff body, resulting in a periodic pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the bluff body, causing the bluff body to be subjected to periodically changing lift force, thereby inducing bluff body vibration. Compared with the traditional cylindrical bluff body, the wing-shaped bluff body structure changes the fluid dynamic characteristics due to its unique shape, so that the number of vortices formed downstream of the bluff body is more and the intensity is greater, which can effectively increase the bluff body amplitude.

Among them, the Karman vortex street is an important phenomenon in fluid mechanics and is often encountered in nature. When a steady flow under certain conditions passes around certain objects, double rows of line vortices with opposite rotation directions and regular arrangement will periodically fall off on both sides of the object. After nonlinear action, a Karman vortex street is formed.

Steady flow, also known as constant flow, refers to the flow in which the flow parameters, such as velocity, pressure, temperature, density, etc., do not change with time when a fluid micro-group flows through any point in the flow field. This flow state is very common in actual engineering. For example, pure tidal flow caused by the propagation of long tidal waves is such a case. When a steady flow passes through a stationary column, it will exert forces on the column, including resistance, inertia and lift. At the same time, the column will also react to the flow field, exerting a certain influence on the flow field.

As shown in Figure 9, V in Figure 9 represents the reciprocating motion of the magnet oscillator. When the blunt body portion 1 is subjected to the periodic fluid force, since it is tightly connected to the magnet frame 22, the magnet frame 22 reciprocates in the ball slide 253 of the base 24 through the ball 252. The magnet frame 22 and the spring 2541 form a spring-proton system. The ball slide mechanism 25 can effectively limit the movement direction of the proton, reduce friction, and reduce mechanical energy loss.

As shown in FIG10 , when the magnet frame 22 reciprocates, it will drive the magnet array 21 to move, and finally make the magnet array 21 and the coil array 23 move relative to each other. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, an induced current will be generated in the closed coil, and then electrical energy will be output. In addition, the magnet array 21 adopts an alternating N-S magnetic pole arrangement, and the number of coils in the coil array 23 is one more than the number of magnets in the magnet array 21 (for example, the present embodiment uses three magnets to form the magnet array 21, and four coils to form the coil array 23), and the central axis of the coil is at the sudden change of the magnetic pole of the magnet in the initial equilibrium state (for example, from the N pole to the S pole). This configuration can significantly increase the conversion rate of mechanical energy to electrical energy.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An electromagnetic energy harvesting apparatus based on flow induced vibrations, comprising:

The blunt body comprises a column body and an outer wing, wherein the outer wing is arranged on the side wall of the column body, and the outer wing and the column body form a wing-shaped blunt body structure;

The outer wings comprise a first outer wing and a second outer wing, the first outer wing is connected with the second outer wing, and the first outer wing and the second outer wing are symmetrically arranged in the height direction of the column body;

The electromagnetic energy conversion parts are arranged in two, the two electromagnetic energy conversion parts are symmetrically arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the cylinder, and the directions of the electromagnetic energy conversion parts are opposite to those of the outer wings.

2. The electromagnetic energy harvesting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic energy conversion portion comprises:

a magnet array and a magnet frame, the magnet array mounted within the magnet frame;

The magnet frame and the coil array are sequentially arranged in the base from back to front;

the column body is detachably connected with the magnet frame.

3. The electromagnetic energy collection device according to claim 2, wherein the base comprises a front baffle, an upper baffle, a lower baffle, a left baffle and a right baffle, and the base is a box structure with an open rear end formed by enclosing the front baffle, the upper baffle, the lower baffle, the left baffle and the right baffle.

4. A flow-induced vibration based electromagnetic energy harvesting apparatus as defined by claim 3, wherein the magnet frame is coupled to the base by a ball slide mechanism for limiting the direction of movement of protons.

5. The electromagnetic energy harvesting apparatus of claim 4, wherein the ball slide mechanism comprises:

The ball grooves are arranged at the top and the bottom of the magnet frame, a plurality of ball grooves are arranged, the ball grooves are arranged at equal intervals along the direction parallel to the front baffle, and the ball grooves are linearly arranged at the top and the bottom of the magnet frame;

The balls are arranged in the ball grooves, the arrangement quantity of the balls is matched with that of the ball grooves, and the diameter of the balls is larger than the depth of the ball grooves;

the ball sliding rail comprises two sliding rails which are vertically symmetrical, the two sliding rails are respectively arranged on the inner side walls of the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate, and the two sliding rails extend in a direction parallel to the front baffle plate;

The spring assembly comprises springs and spring grooves, the springs are arranged in the spring grooves, the spring grooves are arranged on the side walls of the magnet frame, two spring assemblies are arranged, and the two spring assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the magnet frame;

the spring is a compression spring, and the length of the spring in a free state is greater than the depth of the spring groove;

the device also comprises two spring clamping grooves, wherein the two spring clamping grooves are symmetrically arranged on the inner side walls of the left baffle plate and the right baffle plate;

when the magnet frame is installed in the base, the balls are located in the ball sliding rail, and the outer side end of the spring is located in the spring clamping groove.

6. An electromagnetic energy harvesting apparatus based on flow induced vibration as defined by claim 2, wherein the array of magnets employs an N-S pole alternating arrangement.

7. An electromagnetic energy harvesting apparatus based on flow induced vibration as recited in claim 6, wherein the coil array has one more coil than the magnet array.

8. The electromagnetic energy collecting device based on flow induced vibration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer wing has a concave arc structure, and an arc bottom of the outer wing is connected with a side wall of the column body;

or the outer wing is of a folded plate structure, and the bending part of the outer wing is connected with the side wall of the column body.

9. An electromagnetic energy harvesting apparatus based on flow induced vibrations as recited in claim 1, wherein the column is a cylinder, square column or rectangular column.

10. A flow-induced vibration based electromagnetic energy harvesting apparatus as defined in claim 3, further comprising coil locating pins mounted to an inner sidewall of the front baffle, the coil array being mounted to the front baffle by the coil locating pins.