CN118166135A - 同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的引物池及pcr快速检测试剂盒 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的引物池及PCR快速检测试剂盒,引物池里的引物包括沙眼衣原体、淋病奈瑟菌、阴道毛滴虫、解脲脲原体/副解脲脲原体、生殖支原体和人型支原体的正反向引物及湮灭探针。本发明的试剂盒包括:PCR反应液冻干粉、引物池冻干粉和缓冲液。本发明试剂盒还包括微阵列qPCR检测卡盒,微阵列qPCR检测卡盒中的每个子检测区分别固定有与对应的湮灭探针杂交的荧光核酸,每个子检测区仅固定某一种病原体的荧光核酸,从而区分检测样本中的病原体。通过引物体系的优化并设计全新的引物和探针池,可达到在临床上灵敏、特异性地满足对生殖道感染多种病原体的快速检测。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于病原体核酸检测技术领域,尤其涉及一种同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的引物池及PCR快速检测试剂盒。
背景技术
沙眼衣原体(Chlamydia trachomatis,CT)是一类介于病毒、细菌和立克次体之间的特殊微生物,主要感染泌尿道上皮细胞,是性传播疾病病原体之一。沙眼衣原体感染可导致宿主多种疾病发生,如沙眼、包涵体包膜炎、泌尿生殖道感染和性病淋巴肉芽肿等。妊娠期感染了沙眼衣原体几乎均无症状,但可造成早产、胎膜早破、低体重儿或死胎,并可经产道传染给新生儿而引起新生儿肺炎和包涵体性结膜炎。因此,对于CT感染的诊断至关重要。
解脲脲原体(Ureaplasma Urealyticum,UU)介于细菌与病毒之间的最小原核生物。主要寄居于人体的泌尿生殖道,是性传播疾病的重要病原体之一。目前已知与人类疾病有关的有14种血清型,分为两个生物群,即微小脲原体(Ureaplasma parvum,UP)包括血清型1、3、6、14;解脲脲原体(Ureaplasma urealyticum,UU)包括其余10种血清型。UU广泛存在于健康人群泌尿生殖道中,但同时也与很多疾病有关,如非淋球菌尿道炎、绒毛膜羊膜炎等,一定条件下能引起泌尿系统感染和不孕症。解脲脲原体多寄生在男性尿道、阴茎包皮和女性阴道。可引起男性前列腺炎或附睾炎、女性阴道炎、宫颈炎,并可感染胎儿导致流产、早产及低体重胎儿,也能引起新生儿呼吸道和中枢神经系的感染。
淋病奈瑟菌(Neisseria gonorrheae,NG)或淋球菌,是引起人类淋病的致病病原体。淋球菌(NG)有严格的人类寄生性,对人体有较强的适应和侵袭能力,其主要致病物质包括菌毛、外膜蛋白、蛋白酶、脂多糖等,是发展中国家发病率较高的性传播疾病之一。NG主要通过性接触直接感染,淋球菌侵入泌尿生殖系统繁殖,男性发生尿道炎,女性引起尿道炎和子宫颈炎。如治疗不彻底,可扩散至生殖系统。胎儿可经产道感染造成新生儿淋病性急性结膜炎。
生殖支原体(Mycoplasma Genitalium, MG)是所有支原体中基因组最小的一种。生殖支原体外观呈烧瓶状,末端有一棒状结构。生殖支原体可通过自身的黏附结构黏附于上皮细胞、红细胞的表面,并可在细胞表面滑动,逐步进入上皮细胞及红细胞内致病。生殖支原体是引起人非淋菌性尿道炎的重要病原,其还是前列腺炎、盆腔炎等泌尿生殖道感染重要病原之一。
人型支原体(Mycoplasma homini,MH) 是泌尿生殖道感染的主要病原体之一,主要通过分解精氨酸产生氨,对宿主细胞造成免疫刺激和人体危害,引起泌尿生殖道和外生殖道感染。尤其发生在女性患者中,能够引起女性阴道炎、产道感染等疾病。
阴道毛滴虫(Trichomonas vaginalis,TV)是寄生在人体阴道和泌尿道的鞭毛虫,是一种寄生虫。主要引起滴虫性阴道炎和尿道炎,是以性传播为主的一种传染病。阴道滴虫病发病以性机能旺盛期为易感年龄。传染源是滴虫患者和带虫者,主要通过性交直接传染,亦可通过公共浴池,游泳池,坐式马桶等间接传播。
上述几种病原体在感染后产生的临床症状相似,对临床诊断带来极大的干扰性。临床上检测生殖道病原体感染检测方法包括:细胞培养法、涂片镜检法、聚合酶链反应法等;细胞分离培养法操作简单,特异性高,但是培养时间长,且敏感性较低容易延误病情;涂片镜检法简便易行,价格低廉,但易受取材、涂片、染色等各种因素的影响,发生误诊和漏诊。目前已有基于实时荧光定量PCR技术检测生殖道感染多种病原体多数是针对单一病原体检测,不能实现对多种病原进行快速和准确的检测和鉴别。因此,有必要建立一种快速的可同步实现大量不同病原的早期诊断方法,以节约诊断时间,以便尽快采取有效的防控措施。
发明内容
为此,本发明提出一种同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的引物池及PCR快速检测试剂盒,能够解决单一性的人体生殖道感染病原体检测耗时长的问题,通过一次PCR扩增的反应体系中可同时检测出沙眼衣原体(CT)、解脲脲原体/副解脲脲原体(UU/UP)、淋病奈瑟菌(NG)、生殖支原体(MG)、人型支原体(MH)、阴道毛滴虫(TV) 6种人体生殖道感染病原体,且具有较强的特异性和较高的灵敏度。基于微阵列的POCT多重PCR检测系统具有多重性高和样本结果全自动,全封闭,一体化等优点。本申请针对此类多重PCR来检测人体生殖道感染多种病原体做了引物的体系优化,并设计了全新的引物对和探针组成的引物池,可以达到在临床上灵敏、特异性地满足对人体生殖道感染多种病原体的快速检测。
本发明的同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的引物池包括如下引物对:
如SEQ ID NO:1所示的CT-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:2所示的CT-R反向引物;
如SEQ ID NO:4所示的UU-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:5所示的UU-R反向引物;
如SEQ ID NO:7所示的NG-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:8所示的NG-R反向引物;
如SEQ ID NO:10所示的MG-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:11所示的MG-R反向引物;
如SEQ ID NO:13所示的MH-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:14所示的MH-R反向引物;
如SEQ ID NO:16所示的TV-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:17所示的TV-R反向引物;
本发明的同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的引物池还可以包括如下湮灭探针:
如SEQ ID NO:3所示的CT-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:6所示的UU-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:9所示的NG-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:12所示的MG-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:15所示的MH-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:18所示的TV-P湮灭探针;
具体引物对和湮灭探针如表1所示。
表1引物和湮灭探针
其中,SEQ ID NO:4所示的UU-P正向引物、SEQ ID NO:5所示的UU-P反向引物以及SEQ ID NO:6所示的UU-P湮灭探针既可检测解脲脲原体(UU),也可以检测副解脲脲原体(UP),这两种病原体在本申请中不做区分。
较佳地是,本发明所述同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的引物池还可以包括更多的引物对和湮灭探针。
本发明还公开一种同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体PCR快速检测试剂盒,包括:PCR反应液、引物池和缓冲液,其中所述引物池为本发明所述的引物池。
其中,PCR反应液可以为PCR反应液冻干粉,所述引物池可以为引物池冻干粉。
本发明所述的同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体PCR快速检测试剂盒还可以具有PCR质控品。
所述PCR质控品由阳性质控品和阴性质控品组成。所述阳性质控品为质粒或假病毒标准品,所述阴性质控品为灭菌后焦碳酸二乙酯处理水。
所述质粒或假病毒标准品的序列如SEQ ID NO:19,SEQ ID NO:20,SEQ ID NO:21,SEQ ID NO:22,SEQ ID NO:23,SEQ ID NO:24所示。
表2 质粒标准品的序列
所述PCR反应液包括耐热DNA聚合酶、二价镁离子(如氯化镁或硫酸镁)和三磷酸脱氧核糖核苷酸。所述缓冲液为pH=8.0的Tris缓冲液。
所述PCR反应液冻干粉和所述引物池冻干粉用所述缓冲液配置成如下浓度的PCR反应液:耐热DNA聚合酶的浓度为0.01~1单位/µL优选0.01~0.1单位/µL、二价镁离子(如氯化镁或硫酸镁)的浓度为1~4mmol/L优选2.5~3.5mmol/L、三磷酸脱氧核糖核苷酸的浓度为10~500 µmol/L优选100~200 µmol/L、以及各引物和各湮灭探针的浓度分别为10~500nmol/L优选100~200nmol/L;最佳地是,耐热DNA聚合酶的浓度为0.05单位/µL、二价镁离子的浓度为3mmol/L、三磷酸脱氧核糖核苷酸的浓度为200µmol/L、以及各引物和各湮灭探针的分别浓度200nmol/L。
所述试剂盒还包括微阵列qPCR检测卡盒,所述微阵列qPCR检测卡盒中的每个子检测区分别固定有与对应的湮灭探针杂交的荧光核酸。
本发明的检测生殖道感染多种病原体PCR快速检测试剂盒于室温避光保存。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:本发明试剂盒还包括微阵列qPCR检测卡盒,所述微阵列qPCR检测卡盒中的每个子检测区分别固定有与对应的湮灭探针杂交的荧光核酸,每个子检测区仅固定某一种病原体的荧光核酸,如此来区分检测样本中的病原体。本发明针对此还进行了多重PCR来检测生殖道感染多种病原体做了引物的体系优化,并设计了全新的引物和探针池,可以达到在临床上灵敏、特异性地满足对生殖道感染多种病原体的快速检测。本发明的检测生殖道感染多种病原体PCR快速检测试剂盒在包括6对病原体特异性组合引物可以同时特异灵敏地检测6种生殖道感染多种病原体的靶标。
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明,以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。
附图说明
图1为CT模拟阳性样本检测结果图;
图2为UU模拟阳性样本检测结果图;
图3为NG模拟阳性样本检测结果图;
图4为MG模拟阳性样本检测结果图;
图5为MH模拟阳性样本检测结果图;
图6为TV模拟阳性样本检测结果图;
图7为模拟混合阳性样本检测结果图;
图8为阴性质控品检测结果图。
具体实施方式
下面将以明确易懂的方式,结合图表对一种同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体PCR快速检测试剂盒予以进一步说明。
实施例1 灵敏度检测
样本采集:质粒标准品由第三方公司(上海生工有限公司,浓度=5×1012拷贝/毫升)提供,共6种标准品,序列如表2所示,分别置于TE缓冲液中。将自制的6种靶标的标准品8×108copy/mL分别使用TE缓冲液梯度稀释成1.5×105copy/mL、1.5×104copy/mL、1.5×103copy/mL。
试剂盒灵敏度检测:取100µL上述稀释后的样本加入到生殖道感染多种病原体PCR快速检测试剂盒(闪量微阵列-qPCR试剂卡盒,即含有CN2019107011550所述的多重连接探针微阵列)加样口内(或者利用CN201810022723X表面探针定量PCR方法,或者CN2020102299920基于通用探针芯片的多重定量PCR检测系统也都是可以的)。一次性卡盒内含有生殖道感染多种病原体PCR快速检测试剂盒内的试剂成分,具体成分浓度如下:
耐热DNA聚合酶的浓度为0.05单位/µL、二价镁离子的浓度为3mmol/L、三磷酸脱氧核糖核苷酸的浓度为200µmol/L、以及各引物和各湮灭探针的分别浓度200nmol/L;缓冲液为pH=8.0的Tris缓冲液。
各引物和湮灭探针分别为:
如SEQ ID NO:1所示的CT-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:2所示的CT-R反向引物,以及如SEQ ID NO:3所示的CT-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:4所示的UU-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:5所示的UU-R反向引物,以及如SEQ ID NO:6所示的UU-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:7所示的NG-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:8所示的NG-R反向引物,以及如SEQ ID NO:9所示的NG-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:10所示的MG-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:11所示的MG-R反向引物,以及如SEQ ID NO:12所示的MG-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:13所示的MH-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:14所示的MH-R反向引物,以及如SEQ ID NO:15所示的MH-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:16所示的TV-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:17所示的TV-R反向引物,以及如SEQ ID NO:18所示的TV-P湮灭探针;
根据PCR产品使用说明书,选择预设快速自动检测程序45个循环。PCR荧光检测设备自动检测到该检测卡盒型号后,自动运行所选择的程序,全自动地进行扩增检测。PCR扩增检测的变性温度为92度30秒,复性65度45秒,扩增是72度45秒。系统自动测量Ct值。若Ct≤38,该样本为阳性;若38<Ct<40,灵敏度边缘样本,重新采样检测;若Ct≥40,该样本为阴性。
同时采用灭菌后焦碳酸二乙酯处理水作为阴性质控品,作为对照。
检测结果如表3所示,通过该实验可以观察到扩增体系能稳定地检测到较低浓度的病毒样本,即便样本浓度低到1.5×103copy/mL也依然能够检测到。
表3 6种生殖道感染病原体标准品使用本试剂盒检测灵敏度结果
实施例2:特异性检测
按照实施例1中描述的生殖道感染多种病原体PCR快速检测试剂盒检测方法对CT、UU、NG、MG、MH、TV、大肠杆菌的模拟临床阳性样本以及模拟临床混合阳性样本(含CT、UU、NG、MG、MH、TV)和阴性质控品(灭菌后焦碳酸二乙酯处理水)进行检测并分析结果。
实验结果发现:阴阳性对照品符合要求,因此说明实验有效。CT、UU、NG、MG、MH、TV均在相应的靶标上面有检出,模拟临床混合阳性样本中也能检测出全部目标病原体,含有其它病原体的样本和阴性质控品中均无扩增,说明该检测试剂盒及方法具有较好的特异性(结果如表4所示和图1~8所示)。
表4特异性反应检测列表
Claims (13)
1.一种同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的引物池,其特征在于包括如下引物对和湮灭探针:
如SEQ ID NO:1所示的CT-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:2所示的CT-R反向引物,如SEQ IDNO:3所示的CT-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:4所示的UU-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:5所示的UU-R反向引物,如SEQ IDNO:6所示的UU-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:7所示的NG-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:8所示的NG-R反向引物,如SEQ IDNO:9所示的NG-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:10所示的MG-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:11所示的MG-R反向引物,如SEQID NO:12所示的MG-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:13所示的MH-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:14所示的MH-R反向引物,如SEQID NO:15所示的MH-P湮灭探针;
如SEQ ID NO:16所示的TV-F正向引物,如SEQ ID NO:17所示的TV-R反向引物,如SEQID NO:18所示的TV-P湮灭探针。
2.一种同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的PCR快速检测试剂盒,包括:PCR反应液、引物池和缓冲液,其特征在于所述引物池为权利要求1所述的引物池。
3.如权利要求2所述的同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的PCR快速检测试剂盒,其特征在于,PCR反应液为PCR反应液冻干粉,所述引物池为引物池冻干粉。
4.如权利要求2所述的同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的PCR快速检测试剂盒,其特征在于,所述同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的PCR快速检测试剂盒还具有PCR质控品。
5.如权利要求4所述的同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的PCR快速检测试剂盒,其特征在于,所述PCR质控品由阳性质控品和阴性质控品组成。
6.如权利要求5所述的同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的PCR快速检测试剂盒,其特征在于,所述阳性质控品为质粒或假病毒标准品,所述阴性质控品为灭菌后焦碳酸二乙酯处理水。
7.如权利要求6所述的同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的PCR快速检测试剂盒,其特征在于,所述质粒或假病毒标准品的序列分别如SEQ ID NO:19,SEQ ID NO:20,SEQ ID NO:21,SEQ ID NO:22,SEQ ID NO:23,SEQ ID NO:24所示。
8.如权利要求3所述的同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的PCR快速检测试剂盒,其特征在于,所述PCR反应液冻干粉包括耐热DNA聚合酶、二价镁离子和三磷酸脱氧核糖核苷酸。
9.如权利要求2所述的同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的PCR快速检测试剂盒,其特征在于,所述缓冲液为pH=8.0的Tris缓冲液。
10.如权利要求8所述的同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的PCR快速检测试剂盒,其特征在于,所述PCR反应液冻干粉和所述引物池冻干粉用所述缓冲液配置成如下浓度的PCR反应液:耐热DNA聚合酶的浓度为0.01~1单位/µL、二价镁离子的浓度为1~4mmol/L、三磷酸脱氧核糖核苷酸的浓度为10~500 µmol/L、以及各引物和各湮灭探针的浓度分别为10~500nmol/L。
11.如权利要求10所述的同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的PCR快速检测试剂盒,其特征在于,所述PCR反应液冻干粉和所述引物池冻干粉用所述缓冲液配置成如下浓度的PCR反应液:耐热DNA聚合酶的浓度为0.01~0.1单位/µL、二价镁离子的浓度为2.5~3.5mmol/L、三磷酸脱氧核糖核苷酸的浓度为100~200 µmol/L、以及各引物和各湮灭探针的浓度分别为100~200nmol/L。
12.如权利要求11所述的同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的PCR快速检测试剂盒,其特征在于,所述PCR反应液冻干粉和所述引物池冻干粉用所述缓冲液配置成如下浓度的PCR反应液:耐热DNA聚合酶的浓度为0.05单位/µL、二价镁离子的浓度为3mmol/L、三磷酸脱氧核糖核苷酸的浓度为200µmol/L、以及各引物和各湮灭探针的分别浓度200nmol/L。
13.如权利要求2所述的同时检测生殖道感染多种病原体的PCR快速检测试剂盒,其特征在于所述试剂盒还包括微阵列qPCR检测卡盒,所述微阵列qPCR检测卡盒中的每个子检测区分别固定有与对应的湮灭探针杂交的荧光核酸。
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| 李林海;陈丽丹;刘文婷;杨永泉;石玉玲;: "实时荧光核酸恒温扩增技术和液体培养法检测解脲脲原体的比较", 生物技术通讯, vol. 24, no. 02, 30 March 2013 (2013-03-30), pages 251 - 253 * |
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