CN117784692B - A smart fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system - Google Patents
A smart fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN117784692B CN117784692B CN202311839997.5A CN202311839997A CN117784692B CN 117784692 B CN117784692 B CN 117784692B CN 202311839997 A CN202311839997 A CN 202311839997A CN 117784692 B CN117784692 B CN 117784692B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
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Abstract
本发明提供一种智慧消防应急照明和疏散指示系统，包括以下：应急照明控制器，通过网关单元接收消防应急灯具、探测及传感器组件以及防火门单元上传的数据信息，并向其下发指令信息，用于实时监控消防应急灯具、火灾探测及传感器组件以及防火门单元的工作状态并集中控制；应急照明集中电源，用于向应急照明控制器、消防应急灯具、火灾探测及传感器组件以及防火门单元供电；火灾探测及传感器组件，用于实时获取监控区域内的火情信息，并将火情信息上传至应急照明控制器；防火门单元，根据火灾探测及传感器组件上传的火情信息，由应急照明控制器发出指令信息实时控制所有防火门的开启或关闭；应急照明和疏散指示模块，将防火门单元中呈开启状态的防火门位置信息汇总，规划形成逃生路线。本发明设计的智慧消防应急照明和疏散指示系统，一方面能够实现逃生路线的实时更新，另一方面可使所有照明或标志灯具随逃生路线的变化而更改状态，实时指引被困人员快速逃生。
The present invention provides a smart fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system, comprising the following: an emergency lighting controller, which receives data information uploaded by fire emergency lamps, detection and sensor components, and fire door units through a gateway unit, and issues command information thereto, for real-time monitoring of the working status of fire emergency lamps, fire detection and sensor components, and fire door units and centralized control; an emergency lighting centralized power supply, which is used to supply power to the emergency lighting controller, fire emergency lamps, fire detection and sensor components, and fire door units; a fire detection and sensor component, which is used to obtain fire information in the monitoring area in real time, and upload the fire information to the emergency lighting controller; a fire door unit, which controls the opening or closing of all fire doors in real time by issuing command information from the emergency lighting controller according to the fire information uploaded by the fire detection and sensor component; an emergency lighting and evacuation indication module, which aggregates the position information of the fire doors in the open state in the fire door unit, and plans to form an escape route. The smart fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system designed by the present invention can, on the one hand, realize real-time updating of the escape route, and on the other hand, can enable all lighting or sign lamps to change their states as the escape route changes, and guide trapped people to escape quickly in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intelligent fire emergency lighting and evacuation indicating system, and belongs to the technical field of intelligent fire protection.
Background
As is well known, the emergency lighting and evacuation indication system has a very key effect on guiding personnel on a fire scene to escape quickly, however, the existing emergency lighting and evacuation indication system can not change the escape route in real time along with the change of fire after making the escape route of the personnel according to the scene fire. Because the fire is easy to be influenced by the environment and instantaneously changed, the escape route days of old with unchanged conditions is easy to cause the escape of personnel to be blocked when the fire is changed. Moreover, in emergency lighting and evacuation indication systems, if fire alarm products of different manufacturers are adopted, all lighting or sign lamps in a logical relationship area cannot be immediately turned on due to non-universal protocols, and escape route planning is easily affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the invention provides an intelligent fire emergency lighting and evacuation indicating system.
The invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: an intelligent fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system comprising the following:
The emergency lighting controller is used for receiving the data information uploaded by the fire emergency lamp, the detection and sensor assembly and the fireproof door unit through the gateway unit, sending instruction information to the gateway unit and monitoring the working states of the fire emergency lamp, the fire detection and sensor assembly and the fireproof door unit in real time and controlling the fire emergency lamp, the fire detection and sensor assembly and the fireproof door unit in a centralized manner;
the emergency lighting centralized power supply is used for supplying power to the emergency lighting controller, the fire emergency lamp, the fire detection sensor assembly and the fireproof door unit;
The fire detection and sensor assembly is used for acquiring fire information in the monitoring area in real time and uploading the fire information to the emergency lighting controller;
the fire door unit is used for controlling the opening or closing of all fire doors in real time by sending instruction information from the emergency lighting controller according to fire information uploaded by the fire detection and sensor assembly;
The emergency lighting and evacuation indicating module is used for summarizing the position information of the fireproof door in the opening state in the fireproof door unit and planning and forming an escape route;
The fire emergency lamp comprises an emergency lighting lamp and an emergency sign lamp, wherein all the lamps upload data information to the emergency lighting controller through the gateway unit respectively and receive instruction information sent by the emergency lighting controller; when fire conditions trigger, the emergency lighting controller sends instruction information to control emergency lighting lamps along the escape route to illuminate, and controls emergency sign lamps along the escape route to indicate evacuation directions.
Further, when the fire condition changes, the opening and closing state of the fire door in the fire door unit changes in real time, and the emergency lighting and evacuation indication module needs to plan the escape route again according to the opening and closing state of the fire door in the fire door unit, that is, update the escape route in real time.
Further, when a plurality of evacuation paths exist, the escape route planned according to the opening and closing states of the fire doors in the fire door unit calculates the flow length of each evacuation path Y i, and takes the evacuation path Y i with the largest flow length as the optimal evacuation path.
The flow length of each evacuation path Y i adopts the following calculation formula:
In the formula, n is the number of evacuation paths, X i is the flow coefficient of the ith evacuation path, y i is the length of the ith evacuation path, and the unit is m;
Wherein the flow coefficient of each evacuation path is that Wherein X represents a flow coefficient, X 1 represents a personnel passing coefficient, and X 2 represents an environment passing factor; the acquisition method of X 1 comprises the following steps: /(I)Wherein W is the channel width, and W 0 is the lower limit value of the channel; the value of X 2 is a fixed value according to the evacuation condition, the fixed value is 1 when the evacuation path is unobstructed, the fixed value range is 0.6-0.8 when the evacuation path is low in congestion, and the fixed value range is 0.2-0.4 when the evacuation path is high in congestion.
Further, when the emergency lighting and evacuation indicating module plans the escape route again according to the opening and closing state of the fireproof door in the fireproof door unit and the updated escape route is partially overlapped with the escape route of the last time, the fire emergency lamp of the overlapped part is kept to be in an illumination state.
Further, arranging a fire emergency lamp, a fire detection and sensor assembly and a fireproof door unit in a partition mode, dividing the fire emergency lamp, the fire detection and sensor assembly and the fireproof door unit into large areas according to floors, dividing each large area into subareas according to actual space, and continuously connecting escape routes of two adjacent subareas; when a fire condition is triggered, firstly determining a fire occurrence position and a subarea where the fire occurrence position is located, marking the subarea as a fire area, and then marking the subarea around the fire area as an spreading area by taking the fire area as an origin; when the escape route is planned for the first time, the emergency lighting controller sends instruction information to control all fireproof doors in the fire disaster area and the spreading area to be closed, and then the position information of the fireproof doors in other areas and subareas which are in an open state is summarized, so that the first escape route is planned and formed.
Further, the emergency lighting controller is respectively connected with a protocol forwarding unit, an active/passive input node, a normally open/normally closed output node, a USB interface/serial port USB interface, a wireless communication module, a wireless/wired communication module, a CAN/RS85 communication interface and an external interface unit through a multi-protocol conversion module, wherein the protocol forwarding unit and the active/passive input node are used for being in communication connection with other fire alarm products of different manufacturers, the normally open/normally closed output node is used for being connected with a site direct controlled unit, the wireless communication module is in communication connection with an OTA upgrading cloud platform, the wireless/wired communication module is in communication connection with an intelligent fire platform, the CAN/RS85 communication interface is in communication connection with a control room graphic display unit or an alarm controller unit, and the external interface unit is connected with a fireproof door unit.
Further, the fire detection and sensor assembly includes, but is not limited to, smoke detectors, temperature detectors, audible and visual alarms, image monitors, gas alarms, liquid level detectors.
Further, the emergency lighting fixtures include, but are not limited to, emergency lighting fixtures, microwave radar emergency lighting fixtures, infrared pyroelectric induction emergency lighting fixtures, acousto-optic induction emergency lighting fixtures.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the intelligent fire emergency lighting and evacuation indicating system designed by the invention can realize the real-time update of the escape route on one hand, and can change the state of all lighting or marking lamps along with the change of the escape route on the other hand, so as to guide trapped people to escape quickly in real time;
2. When the intelligent fire emergency lighting and evacuation indicating system is designed, people can be protected to the greatest extent to quickly escape from a fire scene by calculating an optimal path, dividing the scene into areas and obtaining a fire disaster area or an spreading area; the optimal evacuation path is not the shortest path, but is determined according to the passing capacity and the passing flow, so that more people can pass at the highest speed by the optimal evacuation path obtained by the method, and optimal evacuation is realized;
3. The intelligent fire emergency lighting and evacuation indicating system designed by the invention provides various interfaces for communication with fire alarm products of other factories, can integrate other fire alarm products in a centralized way more optimally, and can display fire alarm information in a summary manner on an intelligent fire cloud platform and an intelligent fire APP of a fire center or an intelligent city big data monitoring center, and the arrangement of a graphic display unit and a liquid crystal display is convenient for different levels of supervisory personnel to carry out information supervision on the intelligent fire cloud platform and the intelligent fire APP;
4. The intelligent fire emergency lighting and evacuation indicating system designed by the invention has active input, rimless input and simplified public communication protocols to the outside, is provided with a plurality of communication interfaces such as CAN, RS485 communication interfaces, relay contact output terminals and the like with data bidirectional input and output, provides a more convenient interface for user-defined equipment, and facilitates linkage data communication with fire alarm equipment of other factories, so that the fire alarm information of other corresponding control CAN be intuitively reported and displayed by only providing an active output or passive output signal for other brands of controllers of a fire control center;
5. The intelligent fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system designed by the invention is provided with a wireless remote data upgrading interface, and can realize the functions of equipment remote system upgrading, transmission linkage programming and the like by being connected with a wireless communication module of the company and combining with an OTA upgrading cloud platform of the company;
6. after receiving the alarm information of the lamp fault or other fire alarm controllers, the intelligent fire emergency lighting and evacuation indicating system disclosed by the invention displays the alarm information on the liquid crystal display after the data processing of the MCU, emits fire alarm sounds, and simultaneously lights the emergency lighting and the sign lamps in the corresponding logic relation setting area according to the set linkage relation, and simultaneously starts corresponding fire alarm auxiliary products, and the fire alarm information can transmit the fire alarm information to an intelligent fire cloud platform through a data transponder, so that the intelligent fire control and management is realized, the efficiency of information transmission is improved, the integrity rate of fire facilities is ensured, and the occurrence and loss of fire are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a hardware block diagram of the intelligent fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
An intelligent fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system, as shown in fig. 1, comprises the following:
The emergency lighting controller 1 receives the data information uploaded by the fire emergency lamp, the detection and sensor assembly and the fireproof door unit through the gateway unit, and issues instruction information to the data information for monitoring the working states of the fire emergency lamp, the fire detection and sensor assembly and the fireproof door unit in real time and controlling the data information in a centralized manner;
an emergency lighting centralized power supply 20 for supplying power to the emergency lighting controller 1, the fire emergency light, the fire detection and sensor assembly, and the fire door unit;
the fire detection and sensor assembly is used for acquiring fire information in a monitoring area in real time and uploading the fire information to the emergency lighting controller 1;
The fireproof door unit 13 is used for controlling the opening or closing of all fireproof doors in real time by sending instruction information from the emergency lighting controller 1 according to fire information uploaded by the fire detection and sensor assembly;
The emergency lighting and evacuation indicating module 5 gathers the position information of the fireproof doors in the opened state in the fireproof door unit 13 and plans to form an escape route;
The fire emergency lamp comprises an emergency lighting lamp and an emergency sign lamp 26, wherein all the lamps upload data information to the emergency lighting controller 1 through the gateway unit respectively and receive instruction information sent by the emergency lighting controller 1; when a fire condition is triggered, the emergency lighting controller 1 sends out instruction information to control the emergency lighting fixtures along the escape route to illuminate, and the emergency sign fixtures 26 along the escape route are controlled to indicate the evacuation direction.
When the fire condition changes, the opening and closing state of the fire door in the fire door unit 2 will change in real time, and the emergency lighting and evacuation indication module 5 needs to plan the escape route again according to the opening and closing state of the fire door in the fire door unit, that is, update the escape route in real time.
When a plurality of evacuation paths exist, the flow length of each evacuation path Y i is calculated, and the evacuation path Y i with the largest flow length is used as the optimal evacuation path.
The flow length of each evacuation path Y i adopts the following calculation formula:
In the formula, n is the number of evacuation paths, X i is the flow coefficient of the ith evacuation path, y i is the length of the ith evacuation path, and the unit is m;
Wherein the flow coefficient of each evacuation path is that Wherein X represents a flow coefficient, X 1 represents a personnel passing coefficient, and X 2 represents an environment passing factor; the acquisition method of X 1 comprises the following steps: /(I)Wherein W is the channel width, and W 0 is the lower limit value of the channel; the value of X 2 is a fixed value according to the evacuation condition, the fixed value is 1 when the evacuation path is unobstructed, the fixed value range is 0.6-0.8 when the evacuation path is low in congestion, and the fixed value range is 0.2-0.4 when the evacuation path is high in congestion.
When the emergency lighting and evacuation indicating module 5 plans the escape route again according to the opening and closing state of the fireproof door in the fireproof door unit and the updated escape route is partially overlapped with the escape route of the last time, the fire-fighting emergency lamp of the overlapped part is kept in an illuminated state.
The fire emergency lamp, the fire detection and sensor assembly and the fireproof door unit are arranged in a partition mode, the fire emergency lamp, the fire detection and sensor assembly and the fireproof door unit are divided into large areas according to floors, each large area is divided into subareas according to actual space, and escape routes of two adjacent subareas are continuous; when a fire condition is triggered, firstly determining a fire occurrence position and a subarea where the fire occurrence position is located, marking the subarea as a fire area, and then marking the subarea around the fire area as an spreading area by taking the fire area as an origin; when the escape route is planned for the first time, the emergency lighting controller 1 sends instruction information to control all fireproof doors in the fire disaster area and the spreading area to be closed, and then the position information of the fireproof doors in other areas and subareas which are in an open state is summarized, so that the escape route for the first time is planned and formed.
The emergency lighting controller 1 is respectively connected with a protocol forwarding unit 10, an active/passive input node 17, a normally open/normally closed output node 8, a USB interface/serial port USB interface 4, a wireless communication module 2, a wireless/wired communication module 6, a CAN/RS85 communication interface 14 and an external interface unit 12 through a multi-protocol conversion module, wherein the protocol forwarding unit 10 and the active/passive input node 17 are used for being in communication connection with other fire alarm products 11 of different manufacturers, the normally open/normally closed output node 8 is used for being connected with a field direct controlled unit 9, the wireless communication module 2 is in communication connection with an OTA upgrading cloud platform 3, the wireless/wired communication module 6 is in communication connection with an intelligent fire platform 7, the CAN/RS85 communication interface 14 is in communication connection with a control room graphic display unit 16 or an alarm controller unit 16, and the external interface unit 12 is connected with a fire door unit 13.
The fire detection and sensor assembly includes, but is not limited to, smoke detector 33, temperature detector 34, audible and visual alarm 35, image monitor 36, gas alarm 37, liquid level detector 38.
The emergency lighting fixtures include, but are not limited to, an emergency lighting fixture 27, a microwave radar emergency lighting fixture 28, an infrared pyroelectric induction emergency lighting fixture 29, and an acousto-optic induction emergency lighting fixture 30.
The emergency lighting controller provided by the embodiment adopts a 19-inch industrial grade graphic display unit, so that the display information is more diversified and humanized, and the graphic display unit is connected with an industrial main board and is in bidirectional data communication with a main control MCU through RS 232. When the main control MCU receives other fire alarm information, after the data are analyzed and processed, the fire alarm information is transmitted to emergency lighting application software in the industrial main board to be displayed on the graphic display unit, the alarm information is visually displayed, and the interface is humanized, so that the inquiry is facilitated. And simultaneously, combining the entity key unit or directly operating the application software in the graphic display unit to perform interface overturning and query the alarm information of multiple pages.
In the emergency lighting controller provided by the embodiment, the application software is installed on the set industrial main board, real-time information is transmitted to the intelligent fire-fighting cloud platform 7 and the intelligent fire-fighting APP 12 through the wireless/wired communication module 6, real-time information is transmitted to the alarm controller unit 15 and the control room graphic display unit 16 through the CAN/RS485, the control room monitoring personnel CAN start corresponding plans according to the reported fire alarm position and the fire alarm information at the first time, the corresponding plans are connected with the on-site direct control unit 9 through the normally open/normally closed output node 8, the on-site direct control unit is transmitted to other fire alarm products 12 through the active/passive input node 13 or the protocol forwarding unit 10, the corresponding on-site modules and the on-site fire-extinguishing units are started, meanwhile, the emergency information is transmitted to the emergency lighting centralized power supply 20 through the loop communication MCU at the first time for data processing, the corresponding emergency sign lamp and the emergency lighting lamp are lighted, and the on-site personnel are guided to be evacuated and flee timely.
According to the emergency lighting controller provided by the embodiment, the CAN/RS485 communication interface 14, the protocol forwarding unit 10, the active/passive input node 17 and the normally open/normally closed output node 8 are convenient for two-way data communication with other fire alarm product 11 devices of other companies, and a user CAN select different communication modes according to the situation of the user to carry out data communication with the fire alarm systems of other companies. And meanwhile, the alarm information of the fire alarm products of other matched brands is displayed in the graphic display unit 10 after being subjected to data processing by the emergency lighting application software in the emergency lighting controller, so that the corresponding fire alarm information can be displayed in a direct-closing way.
The emergency lighting controller provided by the embodiment is provided with a wireless remote data upgrading interface, and can realize functions of equipment remote system upgrading, transmission linkage programming and the like by being connected with the wireless communication module 2 and combining with the OTA upgrading cloud platform 3. On-line OTA upgrading can realize paperless information and automatic management, save unnecessary resource waste and save unnecessary personnel expenses.
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