CN117769269B - Composition for active layer, active layer, organic solar cell and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composition for active layer, active layer, organic solar cell and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种用于活性层的组合物、活性层、有机太阳能电池及其制备方法，所述用于活性层的组合物包括活性材料和添加剂，所述添加剂包括以下结构中的至少一种：所述活性材料包括给体材料和受体材料。本发明中所述组合物用于活性层时，具有不挥发性的添加剂在结晶过程能够与给体材料和受体材料形成分子间的共轭面堆积，调整形貌分布，优化活性层中的相分离尺度、微观形貌尺度和结晶性，可构建微晶“穿插”的形貌网络，确保获得良好稳定的微观形貌结构，从而提高了电荷收集效率和提取电子的能力，减少了活性层中的缺陷降低陷阱辅助复合，有效解决了活性层中的形貌缺陷导致的稳定性不足的问题，有效提升了有机太阳能电池效率和稳定性。
The present invention discloses a composition for an active layer, an active layer, an organic solar cell and a preparation method thereof. The composition for an active layer comprises an active material and an additive, wherein the additive comprises at least one of the following structures: The active material includes a donor material and an acceptor material. When the composition of the present invention is used in the active layer, the non-volatile additive can form a conjugated surface stacking between molecules with the donor material and the acceptor material during the crystallization process, adjust the morphology distribution, optimize the phase separation scale, microscopic morphology scale and crystallinity in the active layer, and construct a morphology network of "interpenetrating" microcrystals to ensure a good and stable microscopic morphology structure, thereby improving the charge collection efficiency and the ability to extract electrons, reducing defects in the active layer to reduce trap-assisted recombination, effectively solving the problem of insufficient stability caused by morphology defects in the active layer, and effectively improving the efficiency and stability of organic solar cells.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a composition for an active layer, the active layer, an organic solar cell and a preparation method of the organic solar cell.
Background
The excessive use of fossil energy and the increase of greenhouse gases caused by the globalization of high-speed development lead to various environmental problems such as temperature change, sea level rise and the like, and the development of clean and renewable energy is a necessary path for the cyclic development of green economy. Among them, solar energy is the first choice of renewable clean energy, and heat conversion and light conversion utilization are the two most important strategies. The use of photoelectric conversion is the most mature scheme at present, and a silicon-based solar cell is a main representative, however, the silicon-based solar cell limits the diversified development of solar energy due to the problems of harder materials, too large environment and space utilization range and the like.
The organic solar cell has the advantages of low raw material cost, light weight, flexibility and the like, and has great development potential in the indoor photovoltaic and wearable fields. The micro-morphology of the active layer of the organic solar cell directly determines the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the organic solar cell, and how to regulate the micro-morphology of the active layer to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the organic solar cell is a problem which is necessary to be solved for the organic solar cell to go to commercial roads. The micro morphology of the active layer can be effectively regulated and controlled through an additive strategy, but the micro morphology structure is in a metastable state due to the volatility of the additive, so that the domain size structure has defects, the recombination is increased, the efficiency and the stability of the device are still at great risk, the problem of defects of the domain size structure, the defects in charge transmission and extraction is solved, and the further development of the organic solar cell is facilitated.
In view of the above, the external additive is sought to effectively improve the appearance of the active layer of the organic solar cell, improve the stability of the micro appearance, and simultaneously stably improve the charge transmission and extraction capacity for a long time, so that the external additive has great practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a composition for an active layer, an organic solar cell and a preparation method thereof, which aim to improve the micro-morphology stability of the active layer of the organic solar cell and improve the charge transmission and extraction capability.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition for an active layer, wherein the composition for an active layer comprises an active material and an additive comprising at least one of the following structures:
the active material includes a donor material and a acceptor material.
Optionally, the ratio of the total mass of the donor material and the acceptor material to the mass of the additive is 15.4: (1.5-2.5).
Optionally, the donor material comprises at least one of the following structures:
Wherein, Represents the site of attachment,
Optionally, the acceptor material comprises at least one of the following structures:
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an active layer, wherein the active layer comprises the composition for an active layer according to the present invention as described above.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an organic solar cell, wherein the organic solar cell comprises a first electrode layer, an active layer and a second electrode layer, which are sequentially stacked, the active layer comprising the composition for an active layer according to the present invention as described above, or the active layer comprising the active layer according to the present invention as described above.
Optionally, the organic solar cell further comprises:
a hole transport layer disposed between the active layer and the first electrode layer;
And an electron transport layer disposed between the active layer and the second electrode layer.
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing an organic solar cell according to the present invention as described above, comprising the steps of:
Providing a first electrode layer;
Forming an active layer on the first electrode layer;
forming a second electrode layer on the active layer to obtain the organic solar cell; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
Providing a second electrode layer;
Forming an active layer on the second electrode layer;
And forming a first electrode layer on the active layer to obtain the organic solar cell.
Optionally, the step of forming an active layer specifically includes:
adding a donor material, a receptor material and an additive into a solvent to form an active material mixed solution;
And coating the active material mixed solution on the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer to obtain the active layer.
Optionally, the concentration of the additive in the active material mixed solution is 1.5-2.5mg/L;
and/or the coating mode is spin coating, drop coating or knife coating.
The beneficial effects are that: when the composition is used for an active layer, a non-volatile additive can form intermolecular conjugated surface accumulation with a donor material and a receptor material in a crystallization process, morphology distribution is adjusted, phase separation scale, microcosmic morphology scale and crystallinity in the active layer are optimized, a microcrystal 'interpenetration' morphology network can be constructed, and a good and stable microcosmic morphology structure is ensured to be obtained, so that the charge collection efficiency and the electron extraction capacity are improved, the charge transmission capacity is improved, defects in the active layer are reduced, trap-assisted recombination is reduced, the problem of insufficient stability caused by morphology defects in the active layer is effectively solved, and the efficiency and the stability of an organic solar cell are effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an organic solar cell in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 (a) is a topography of the active layer in example 1 of the present invention, and (b) is a topography of the active layer in comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the results of stability test of the organic solar cells in example 2 and comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing current density versus voltage characteristics of the organic solar cells in example 2 and comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the external quantum efficiency results of the organic solar cells in example 2 and comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a composition for an active layer, the active layer, a solar cell and a preparation method thereof, and the invention is further described in detail below for the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention to be clearer and more definite. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a composition for an active layer, wherein the composition for an active layer includes an active material and an additive including at least one of the following structures:
the active material includes a donor material and a acceptor material.
When the composition is used for an active layer, a non-volatile additive can form intermolecular conjugated surface accumulation with a donor material and a receptor material in a crystallization process, morphology distribution is adjusted, phase separation scale, microcosmic morphology scale and crystallinity in the active layer are optimized, a microcrystal 'interpenetration' morphology network can be constructed, and a good and stable microcosmic morphology structure is ensured to be obtained, so that the charge collection efficiency and the electron extraction capacity are improved, the charge transmission capacity is improved, defects in the active layer are reduced, trap assisted recombination is reduced, the problem of insufficient stability caused by morphology defects in the active layer is effectively solved, the efficiency and stability of an organic solar cell are effectively improved, and the composition has larger commercial potential in the industrialization process of the organic solar cell in the future, and is expected to excavate larger potential of the existing material.
In some embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the donor material to the acceptor material to the mass of the additive is 15.4: (1.5-2.5). By way of example, the ratio of the two is 15.4:1.5, 15.4:2, 15.4:2.2, or 15.4:2.5, etc.
The present invention is not limited to the specific types of donor materials and acceptor materials. By way of example, in some embodiments, the donor material includes at least one of the following structures:
Wherein n is the degree of polymerization, Representing the ligation site.
In some embodiments, the acceptor material includes at least one of the following structures:
The embodiment of the invention also provides an active layer, wherein the active layer comprises the composition for the active layer. That is, the active layer includes a donor material, an acceptor material, and an additive. The choice of donor material, acceptor material and additives is found above.
In the active layer provided by the embodiment of the invention, the non-volatile additive can form intermolecular conjugated surface accumulation with the donor material and the acceptor material in the crystallization process, the morphology distribution is adjusted, the phase separation scale, the microcosmic morphology scale and the crystallinity in the active layer are optimized, the built microcrystal 'interpenetration' morphology network can ensure to obtain a good and stable microcosmic morphology structure, meanwhile, the formation of microcrystal morphology can improve a charge transmission channel, the charge collection efficiency and the electron extraction capacity are improved, the charge transmission capacity is improved, the defect in the active layer is reduced, the trap auxiliary recombination is reduced, the problem of insufficient stability caused by morphology defect in the active layer is effectively solved, and the composition can effectively improve the efficiency and the stability of an organic solar cell, has larger commercial potential in the industrialization process of the future organic solar cell, and is expected to excavate larger potential of the existing material.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an organic solar cell, wherein the organic solar cell comprises a first electrode layer, an active layer and a second electrode layer which are sequentially stacked, the active layer comprises the composition for the active layer, which is described in the tenth embodiment of the invention, or the active layer comprises the active layer, which is described in the embodiment of the invention.
In some embodiments, the active layer has a thickness of 90-110nm. By way of example, the thickness of the active layer is 90nm, 92nm, 95nm, 98nm, 100nm, 102nm, 105nm, 107nm, 108nm, 110nm, or the like.
The organic solar television provided by the embodiment of the invention has higher efficiency and stability.
In some aspects, the organic solar cell further comprises:
a hole transport layer disposed between the active layer and the first electrode layer;
And an electron transport layer disposed between the active layer and the second electrode layer.
In some embodiments, the hole transport layer has a thickness of 30-40nm. As an example, the hole transport layer has a thickness of 30nm, 32nm, 34nm, 35nm, 36nm, 38nm, 40nm, or the like.
In some embodiments, the electron transport layer has a thickness of 5-12nm. As an example, the thickness of the electron transport layer is 5nm, 8nm, 10nm, 12nm, or the like.
The present invention is not limited to the materials of the hole transporting layer and the electron transporting layer, and any hole transporting material and electron transporting material are applicable to the present invention. By way of example, the hole transport material is PEDOT: PSS, and the electron transport material is selected from at least one of the following structures:
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the organic solar cell, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, and comprises the following steps:
s11, providing a first electrode layer;
s12, forming an active layer on the first electrode layer;
S13, forming a second electrode layer on the active layer to obtain the organic solar cell; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
S21, providing a second electrode layer;
s22, forming an active layer on the second electrode layer;
And S23, forming a first electrode layer on the active layer to obtain the organic solar cell.
In steps S22 and S22, in some embodiments, the step of forming an active layer specifically includes:
adding a donor material, a receptor material and an additive into a solvent to form an active material mixed solution;
And coating the active material mixed solution on the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer to obtain the active layer.
In some embodiments, the concentration of the additive in the active material mixture solution is 1.5-2.5mg/L. The concentration of the additive is 1.5mg/L, 1.6mg/L, 1.7mg/L, 1.8mg/L, 1.9mg/L, 2.0mg/L, 2.1mg/L, 2.2mg/L, 2.3mg/L, 2.4mg/L, 2.5mg/L, etc. by way of example.
In some embodiments, the coating is by spin coating, drop coating, or knife coating.
In some embodiments, the solvent includes at least one of chloroform, chlorobenzene, o-xylene, but is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the organic solar cell further comprises: a hole transport layer disposed between the active layer and the first electrode layer, and an electron transport layer disposed between the active layer and the second electrode layer. At this time, the preparation method of the organic solar cell specifically includes the steps of:
s31, providing a first electrode layer;
S32, forming a hole transport layer on the first electrode layer;
S33, forming an active layer on the hole transport layer (specifically, coating an active material mixed solution on the hole transport layer);
s34, forming an electron transport layer on the active layer;
and S35, forming a second electrode layer on the electron transport layer.
The following is a detailed description of specific examples.
The structural formula of the additive 1-HMB-Cl used in the examples below isThe structural formula of the additive 2-HMB-Cl isThe starting materials used in the examples below are commercially available products unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an organic solar cell and a preparation method thereof, as shown in fig. 1, the organic solar cell comprises an ITO conductive electrode layer, a hole transport layer (PEDOT: PSS), an active layer (ACTIVE LAYER in the corresponding figure), an electron transport layer (PDINN) and an Ag electrode layer which are sequentially stacked.
The preparation method of the organic solar cell comprises the following steps:
Conducting glass with surface roughness less than 1nm (namely, formed by a transparent substrate layer and a transparent ITO conductive electrode layer) is respectively ultrasonically cleaned by cleaning liquid, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol, and is dried by nitrogen after cleaning;
After placing conductive glass into an ozone cleaner for 20min, spin-coating (7500 rpm,30 s) a hole transport material solution (namely PEDOT: PSS, model CLEVIOS P VP AI and 4083) on the ITO conductive electrode layer in air, and then performing thermal annealing treatment at 150 ℃ in air for 10min to form a hole transport layer with the thickness of 35 nm;
Subsequently, the sample was placed in a glove box filled with nitrogen, a mixed solution of active materials (containing 1.5mg/mL of additive 1-HMB-Cl, 7mg/L of PM6, 8.4mg/L of BTP-ec9, and o-xylene as a solvent) was spin-coated (3500 rmp,30 s) on the hole transport layer, and then heat-annealed at 80℃for 5 minutes in the glove box to form an active layer having a thickness of 100 nm;
Spin-coating (2500 rpm,20 s) an electron transport material solution (PDINN mg/mL, the solvent may be methanol, ethanol or isopropanol, methanol is used in this example) on the active layer to form an electron transport layer with a thickness of 10 nm;
And then Ag is evaporated on the electron transport layer to form an Ag electrode layer with the thickness of 100nm, so that the organic solar cell is obtained.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an organic solar cell and a preparation method thereof, wherein the organic solar cell comprises an ITO conductive electrode layer, a hole transport layer (PEDOT: PSS), an active layer, an electron transport layer (PDINN) and an Ag electrode layer which are sequentially stacked.
The preparation method of the organic solar cell comprises the following steps:
Conducting glass with surface roughness less than 1nm (namely, formed by a transparent substrate layer and a transparent ITO conductive electrode layer) is respectively ultrasonically cleaned by cleaning liquid, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol, and is dried by nitrogen after cleaning;
After placing conductive glass into an ozone cleaner for 20min, spin-coating (7500 rpm,30 s) a hole transport material solution (namely PEDOT: PSS, model CLEVIOS P VP AI and 4083) on the ITO conductive electrode layer in air, and then performing thermal annealing treatment at 150 ℃ in air for 10min to form a hole transport layer with the thickness of 35 nm;
Subsequently, the sample was placed in a glove box filled with nitrogen, a mixed solution of active material (containing 2mg/mL of additive 1-HMB-Cl, 7mg/L of PM6, 8.4mg/L of BTP-ec9, and o-xylene) was spin-coated (3500 rmp,30 s) on the hole transport layer, and then heat-annealed at 80℃for 5 minutes in the glove box to form an active layer having a thickness of 100 nm;
Spin-coating (2500 rpm,20 s) an electron transport material solution (PDINN mg/mL in methanol) on the active layer to form an electron transport layer with a thickness of 10 nm;
And then Ag is evaporated on the electron transport layer to form an Ag electrode layer with the thickness of 100nm, so that the organic solar cell is obtained.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an organic solar cell and a preparation method thereof, wherein the organic solar cell comprises an ITO conductive electrode layer, a hole transport layer (PEDOT: PSS), an active layer, an electron transport layer (PDINN) and an Ag electrode layer which are sequentially stacked.
The preparation method of the organic solar cell comprises the following steps:
Conducting glass with surface roughness less than 1nm (namely, formed by a transparent substrate layer and a transparent ITO conductive electrode layer) is respectively ultrasonically cleaned by cleaning liquid, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol, and is dried by nitrogen after cleaning;
After placing conductive glass into an ozone cleaner for 20min, spin-coating (7500 rpm,30 s) a hole transport material solution (namely PEDOT: PSS, model CLEVIOS P VP AI and 4083) on the ITO conductive electrode layer in air, and then performing thermal annealing treatment at 150 ℃ in air for 10min to form a hole transport layer with the thickness of 35 nm;
Subsequently, the sample was placed in a glove box filled with nitrogen, a mixed solution of active materials (containing 2.5mg/mL of additive 1-HMB-Cl, 7mg/L of PM6, 8.4mg/L of BTP-ec9, and o-xylene as a solvent) was spin-coated (3500 rmp,30 s) on the hole transport layer, and then heat-annealed at 80℃for 5 minutes in the glove box to form an active layer having a thickness of 100 nm;
Spin-coating (2500 rpm,20 s) an electron transport material solution (PDINN mg/mL in methanol) on the active layer to form an electron transport layer with a thickness of 10 nm;
And then Ag is evaporated on the electron transport layer to form an Ag electrode layer with the thickness of 100nm, so that the organic solar cell is obtained.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an organic solar cell and a preparation method thereof, wherein the organic solar cell comprises an ITO conductive electrode layer, a hole transport layer (PEDOT: PSS), an active layer, an electron transport layer (PDINN) and an Ag electrode layer which are sequentially stacked.
The preparation method of the solar cell comprises the following steps:
Conducting glass with surface roughness less than 1nm (namely, formed by a transparent substrate layer and a transparent ITO conductive electrode layer) is respectively ultrasonically cleaned by cleaning liquid, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol, and is dried by nitrogen after cleaning;
After placing conductive glass into an ozone cleaner for 20min, spin-coating (7500 rpm,30 s) a hole transport material solution (namely PEDOT: PSS, model CLEVIOS P VP AI and 4083) on the ITO conductive electrode layer in air, and then performing thermal annealing treatment at 150 ℃ in air for 10min to form a hole transport layer with the thickness of 35 nm;
subsequently, the sample was placed in a glove box filled with nitrogen, a mixed solution of active materials (containing 2.5mg/mL of 2-HMB-Cl as an additive, 7mg/L of PM6, 8.4mg/L of BTP-ec9 as an o-xylene) was spin-coated (3500 rmp,30 s) on the hole transport layer, and the solution was subjected to a thermal annealing treatment at 80℃for 5 minutes in the glove box to form an active layer having a thickness of 100 nm;
Spin-coating (2500 rpm,20 s) an electron transport material solution (PDINN mg/mL in methanol) on the active layer to form an electron transport layer with a thickness of 10 nm;
and then Ag is evaporated on the electron transport layer to form an Ag electrode layer with the thickness of 100nm, so that the solar cell is obtained.
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example provides an organic solar cell including an ITO conductive electrode layer, a hole transport layer (PEDOT: PSS), an active layer, an electron transport layer (PDINN), and an Ag electrode layer, which are sequentially stacked, and a method of manufacturing the same.
The organic solar cell manufacturing method is different from example 1 only in that the active material mixed solution does not contain additive 1-HMB-Cl.
And (3) testing:
(1) As shown in fig. 2, the micro-morphology of the active layers in example 1 and comparative example 1 shows that the active layer in comparative example 1 (without additives) has no crystal phenomenon, while the active layer in example 1 has a crystal structure, and a morphology network of "interpenetration" of crystallites is formed, and the morphology network of "interpenetration" of crystallites can improve the stability of the active layer, and simultaneously improve the transmission channel and the transmission performance of charges, so as to further improve the charge extraction and collection efficiency of the active layer.
(2) As shown in fig. 3, the stability test results of the organic solar cells of example 2 and comparative example 1 show that the organic solar cell having the active layer provided by the present invention has good stability and high photoelectric conversion efficiency. The additive provided by the invention is added into the active layer, so that the stability and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the organic solar cell can be improved, and the stability of the organic solar cell can be improved, because the microscopic morphology dimension is mainly influenced by the intermolecular accumulation condition of a donor material and an acceptor material, the higher and more stable the molecular accumulation degree is, the higher the efficiency of the organic solar cell is, the higher the stability is, and the conjugated surface accumulation between the additive and the donor material and the acceptor material molecules in the active layer is formed in the crystallization process, so that the morphology distribution is adjusted, and the high accumulation degree and the more stable of the donor material and the acceptor material molecules are ensured in the microscopic morphology dimension, so that the efficiency and the stability of the organic solar cell are improved.
(3) The organic solar cells prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 were tested under standard test conditions (AM 1.5, 100mW/cm 2), and the results are shown in fig. 4,5 and table 1 below.
TABLE 1 test results
| Examples | Voc(v) | Jsc(mA/cm2) | FF(％) | PCE(％) |
| Example 1 | 0.862 | 27.75 | 75.20 | 18.00 |
| Example 2 | 0.865 | 27.82 | 75.56 | 18.28 |
| Example 3 | 0.855 | 27.85 | 75.26 | 18.02 |
| Example 4 | 0.854 | 27.70 | 75.17 | 17.78 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.875 | 26.01 | 72.28 | 16.45 |
Wherein V oc is an open circuit voltage, J sc is a short circuit current density, FF is a fill factor, and PCE is photoelectric conversion efficiency.
As can be seen from the results of table 1, the organic solar cell provided by the example of the present invention has higher short-circuit current density, fill factor and photoelectric conversion efficiency compared to the comparative example (no additive contained in the active layer). Therefore, the additive is added into the active layer to effectively improve the capacity of extracting charges and improve the extraction efficiency of the charges (the improvement of the short-circuit current density and the filling factor indicates the improvement of the charge extraction capacity and the improvement of the charge extraction efficiency), thereby improving the efficiency of the organic solar cell. The reason is that the addition of the additive causes the active layer to form a microcosmic morphology of microcrystalline 'interpenetration', thereby improving the charge transmission performance and the transmission channel.
Fig. 4 is a graph of current density versus voltage characteristics of the organic solar cells prepared in example 2 and comparative example 1, and fig. 5 is an external quantum efficiency graph of the organic solar cells prepared in example 2 and comparative example 1. As can be seen from fig. 4 and 5, the current density and External Quantum Efficiency (EQE) of the solar cell can be improved by adding an additive to the active layer in the present invention.
In summary, the invention provides a composition for an active layer, a solar cell and a preparation method thereof, and particularly provides a simple, effective and universal external additive regulation strategy, namely, a morphology network of microcrystalline 'interpenetration' is constructed by introducing the non-volatile additive to regulate the morphology of the active layer, the phase separation scale and molecular accumulation and crystallinity in the active layer are optimized, the stability of microscopic morphology is improved, meanwhile, the exciton dissociation capability and the charge collection efficiency are improved, meanwhile, the defect in the morphology of the active layer is effectively reduced, the trap-assisted recombination is effectively reduced by the constructed network of microcrystalline 'interpenetration', and the efficiency and the stability of the organic solar cell are improved while the short-circuit current density of the organic solar cell is improved.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the examples described above, but is capable of modification and variation in light of the above teachings by those skilled in the art, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A composition for an active layer, characterized in that the composition for an active layer consists of an active material and an additive comprising at least one of the following structures:
；
the active material includes a donor material and a acceptor material.
2. The composition for an active layer according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the total mass of the donor material and the acceptor material to the mass of the additive is 15.4: (1.5-2.5).
3. The composition for an active layer of claim 1, wherein the donor material comprises at least one of the following structures:
、、
Wherein " "Means that the site of attachment,。
4. The composition for an active layer of claim 1, wherein the acceptor material comprises at least one of the following structures:
、、、。
5. An active layer comprising the composition for an active layer of any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. An organic solar cell, characterized in that the organic solar cell comprises a first electrode layer, an active layer and a second electrode layer which are sequentially stacked, the active layer comprising the composition for an active layer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, or the active layer comprising the active layer according to claim 5.
7. The organic solar cell according to claim 6, the organic solar cell is characterized in that the organic solar cell further comprises:
a hole transport layer disposed between the active layer and the first electrode layer;
And an electron transport layer disposed between the active layer and the second electrode layer.
8. A method of manufacturing an organic solar cell according to claim 6, comprising the steps of:
Providing a first electrode layer;
Forming an active layer on the first electrode layer;
forming a second electrode layer on the active layer to obtain the organic solar cell; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
Providing a second electrode layer;
Forming an active layer on the second electrode layer;
And forming a first electrode layer on the active layer to obtain the organic solar cell.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of forming an active layer comprises:
adding a donor material, a receptor material and an additive into a solvent to form an active material mixed solution;
And coating the active material mixed solution on the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer to obtain the active layer.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the concentration of the additive in the active material mixed solution is 1.5-2.5mg/L;
and/or the coating mode is spin coating, drop coating or knife coating.
11. Use of a composition for an active layer according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for improving the micro-morphological stability, charge transport capacity and charge extraction capacity of an active layer of an organic solar cell.
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