CN1177368A - Conductive fluid or semifluid materials - Google Patents
Conductive fluid or semifluid materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN1177368A CN1177368A CN 95197744 CN95197744A CN1177368A CN 1177368 A CN1177368 A CN 1177368A CN 95197744 CN95197744 CN 95197744 CN 95197744 A CN95197744 A CN 95197744A CN 1177368 A CN1177368 A CN 1177368A
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- fluid
- semi
- double oxide
- conductive
- powder
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Abstract
Paste-like or fluid surface-coated conductive materials particularly suitable for radiant heating are disclosed. Such materials typically consist of a surface-coated binder comprising 20 to 80% by weight of an electrically conductive admixture composed of an isolamellar mineral substrate coated with a powder based on a double oxide or a mixture of double oxides of formula AxB1－xO5－x/2 wherein 0< x<1, A is selected from Ge, Sh and Pb, and B is selected from As, Sb and Bi. The use of said conductive admixture for the manufacture of such conductive paste or fluid material and the use of said paste or fluid material are also disclosed.
Description
The present invention relates to be used for the fluid or the semi-fluid material of coated surface, it includes tackiness agent, and said this material is an electroconductibility, and is particularly suitable for radiation heating.
Technical field of the present invention is surface-coated synthetics (compositions), coating for example, varnish, lacquer (lacquers), thick coating, primary coat.
Main application of the present invention is to obtain material to produce the temperature difference.Such material is used in particular for the electric heating system of upholder to obtain to be used for the radial lamella of radiation heating and to utilize resistive heating.
Disclosed a kind of resistive material among Bulgaria author's the certificate BG15934, it is applied on the wall of wanting heated room and/or house with the form of coating or lotion.This material is used for radiation heating and it constitutes:
Black or the grey graphite of 100 parts of weight;
The inertia of 0 to 50 part of weight is mixed material;
The fire-resistant varnish of 75 to 150 parts of weight, and
The coresiline of 60 to 120 parts of weight
This material have make the low temperature room can be on very big heat exchange area heated advantage, thereby consume less energy than traditional central heating systems, traditional central heating systems is the air heat-carrying of utilizing since a little overheated zone in the room.
The shortcoming of this material is to use ash or black stone China ink and fire-resistant varnish to make its tackiness agent.Need mechanical treatment to obtain necessary electrical parameter by ash or black stone plus heater element black and that fire-resistant varnish constitutes.Fire-resistant varnish has low relatively physical strength, very fast generation hair line, and in a single day damage and just can not use.…
Also known a kind of resistive material that is used for radiation heating among the french patent application FR-A-2593185 with registration on October 30th, 1986, it constitutes noncrystalline graphite, polyvinyl acetate, methylated spirits and a kind of thinner that is made of coresiline.
Though have high physical strength but this material also has shortcoming.For example this graphitiferous coating the impedance of surveying very high, even this means the voltage that applies about 50V to such coating terminal, also can only pass through very low electric current.
The coating that the conduction that contains very little weight ratio (generally being about 3%) is mixed material also has sale.Mixing like this expects to be blended in to be used in the said coating by making coating staticization improve its application.Expect that content is lower because institute gives to mix, such coating is non-conductive.
An object of the present invention is to provide fluid or semi-fluid bulk material described in top Bulgaria and the French document, thereby but avoid above-mentioned shortcoming and make the resistance of respective coatings reduce making the required voltage that applies to such coating terminal low relatively but can obtain sufficiently high electric current.
According to the present invention, mix material by the conduction that fluid or the semi-fluid material that makes at the surface-coated tackiness agent comprises 20% to 80% weight, and this mix material by etc. the inorganic matchmaker of sheet constitute, medium is coated in a kind of powder, powder reaches target of the present invention based on double oxide or double oxide mixture with this.Said double oxide satisfies following equation:
A
xB
1-xO
1/2 (5-x)Wherein: 0＜x＜1
The following chemical element that A organizes from IVA: selected Ge, Sn, the Pb;
B is the following chemical element with the VA group: selected among As, Sb, the Bi; And
O represents oxygen.
The present invention thereby a kind of fluid or semi-fluid material that is used for coated surface and is specially adapted to radiation heating is provided.The present invention relates generally to such heating and describes.However, the people who knows this area understands to have other application as fluid of the presently claimed invention or semi-fluid material at an easy rate by reading following description meeting.It can be used for following purpose especially:
Remove the humidity on the wall,
Sterilant (insecticida) characteristic that is presented at a lip-deep electric current,
The temperature that keeps interior liquid of reservoir or grain; And
Only as electric conductor (for example similar) with the electric wire that is connected on the lamp source.
With feature mode, said material comprises the specific material that mixes of 20% to 80% weight in tackiness agent.
The said material that mixes must account for enough amounts (〉=20%) so that obtain desired result: said mixing expects it is dispersive in institute's synthetic material, and this synthetic material conducts electricity.The said material that mixes can not be crossed Sheng (≤80%), and the viscous because otherwise said material becomes too and cause difficulty particularly is applied on the surface.
Said mixing expects it is that electricity is led the inorganic material that mixes.Or rather, it constitute by the sheet inorganic medium, the sheet inorganic medium is coated in the powder, and powder is the mixture based on double oxide or double oxide, and these double oxides satisfy following molecular formula:
A
xB
1-xO
1/2 (5-x)Wherein A, B, O and X are definition as described above.
X can not equal 0, because have molecular formula B
2O
5Compound too conduct electricity, do not have enough impedances and therefore electronics joule (Joule) effect and can not discharge enough energy, on meaning of the present invention, can not use.X can not equal 1 because have AO
2The compound of molecular formula is non-conductive.
Should recall A here and be the Ge that from the following chemical element of the IVA group of (Mendelyeev) periodic table of chemical element, selects, Sn, Pb; And B is the following chemical combination element of VA group: As, Sb selects among the Bi.
Be used for that material of the present invention is employed specificly to be mixed the sheet inorganic medium of material thereby be coated in the middle of the powder, this powder is based on one of following double oxide:
Ge
xAs
1-xO
1/2(5-x)
Ge
xSb
1-xO
1/2(5-x)
Ge
xBi
1-xO
1/2(5-x)
Sn
xAs
1-xO
1/2(5-x)
Sn
xSb
1-xO
1/2(5-x)
Sn
xBi
1-xO
1/2(5-x)
Pb
xAs
1-xO
1/2(5-x)
Pb
xSb
1-xO
1/2(5-x)
Pb
xBi
1-xO
1/2(5-x)
(o＜x＜1) or based on the mixture of said double oxide.
In above-mentioned molecular formula preferably
0.15≤x≤0.85 is that the ratio of A/B is preferably in 15/85 to 85/15 scope.
Preferably use following double oxide: Sn
xSb
1-xO
1/2 (5-x), o＜x＜1 is 0.15≤x≤0.85 preferably.
Except top specific double oxide, said coating powders can arbitrarily comprise at least one non-conductive oxide compound, and this oxide compound is in particular from SiO
2And TiO
2The middle selection.Use such oxide compound (he own or with form of mixtures) at first can increase the size that conduction is mixed material, second can reduce the resistance of the fluid materials that comprises them.Yes uses these oxide compounds with finite quantity.Shared weight can not be more than 25% in coating for non-conductive oxide compound.
No matter whether mix with at least one non-conductive oxide compound, these conduction double oxides apply a sheet inorganic medium.Such medium can be especially be made of the phyllosilicate particles of nature or material granule with graphite-structure.
(molecular formula is Mg can to use talcum (talc) especially
3Si
4O
10(OH)
2), (molecular formula is KMg to mica (mica)
3AlSi
3O
10(OH)
2) phlogopite (phologopitemicate), molecular formula is NaAl
2Si
3AlO
10(OH)
2Paragonite, molecular formula is KAl
2Si
3ALO
10(OH)
2White mica), (molecular formula is Al
2Si
4O
10(OH)
2) pyrophyllite or carbon, or the particle of BN etc.
In a best distortion of the present invention, desired material contains conduction and mixes material, mixes material and is made of the talcum or the mica that are coated in a kind of powder especially, and powder is to have molecular formula Sn
xSb
1-xO
1/2 (5-x)0＜x＜1, preferably the double oxide of 0.15≤x≤0.85 is basic.
Here the inorganic core that definite said conduction is mixed material accounts for 30% to 70% weight.The conduction that usually is included in fluid of the present invention or the semi-fluid material mixes to expect it is undersized.In particular, this material settling out and to have the viscosity compatible with its application be suitable.Thereby the said material that mixes generally has the little diameter than 15 μ m.
In order to obtain the said material that mixes, use traditional method.Their preparation method is as follows especially:
By spraying: will contain inorganic medium particulate oxide solution and inject hot gas flow; Or
By crystallization: will contain inorganic medium particulate solution and be cooled to crystallization; Grind (grind up) crystal then.
In order to prepare fluid of the present invention or semi-fluid material, the said material that mixes only mixes in the tackiness agent.The said material that mixes spreads in said tackiness agent.Constituting of diffusion to mix on very low shearing (shear) speed.During mixing, the medium of importantly avoiding making powder (coating) and conduction mix material is separated.
Employed tackiness agent is the former employed coventional type adhesive coating of technology, varnish, and pyroxylin(e)finish, thick coating,
Preferably use Pliolite type varnish (based on benzene diene one butadienecopolymer), a kind of varnish that is dissolved in non-aromatic solvent and does not almost have the generation film of smell.Can use based on many other tackiness agents, particularly solvent vinylformic acid chlorination or cyclization rubber, and the ethene of any type, vinylformic acid, benzene diene-vinylformic acid at water or the polymer in a solvent ... latex.Can in water odorless paint (latex), use conduction to mix material especially in the present invention.
The solvent that is used to constitute said tackiness agent be medium-sized (water, aliphatic solvent ...).
Also mention said tackiness agent and can comprise common additives as particularly anti-sludging agent or anti-deposition agent, thickening material, moistening agent ... such additive is known for trained people in the art.Fluid of the present invention or semi-fluid material thereby can comprise respectively with trade mark Bentone
And Puff-it
The additive of selling is made anti-sludging agent and thickening material and Soya Lecithin and is made moistening agent.
Said conductive fluid of the present invention or semi-fluid material have many good qualities.They make the resistance can obtain to be suitable for to provide to terminal in the 220V scope at 12V simultaneously with low-amperage work voltage especially.Its special advantage is and can goes up operation in low pressure (12V is to 24V).
It can similarly be applied to big zone and zonule, thereby make the room heating can provide consistent and desirable.They can be only by the paint agent, the paint rifle, flat brush, spatula, or apply machine and apply as common paint, is provided in various electric inertia (insulation) substrate such as concrete, on the marble slab,
In addition, can obtain required electric energy (temperature) by length and the width that changes by the zone of coated materials of the present invention.In order to control said energy, can obtain two parameters: voltage on coated region and the terminal.
In its first aspect, the invention provides above-mentioned electric baffle or semi-fluid material.With particular form, said material comprises above-mentioned conduction and mixes material.The said material that mixes that use is used to make said material has constituted a second aspect of the present invention.
Even some said mixing in the former technology of material are used, he from not removed to be used to produce electro-conductive material with enough amounts.
In its third aspect, the invention provides the method for using above-mentioned electric baffle or semi-fluid material.This method may further comprise the steps:
Place at least two voltage generators in a substrate, the length of device is l and separates mutually with distance d that said parameter l and d are elected to be the function of the energy of required acquisition; And
The layer of a said fluid or semi-fluid material is provided between said voltage generator, makes said layer when voltage is executed thereon, conduct electricity.
In traditional way, employed voltage generator is to elongate the shape conductor element, as comprises copper, silver, aluminium ... adhesive tape or metal bar (as copper rod).For voltage is provided, said device is linked power outlet through an isolating transformer.What have advantage is to include room temperature thermostatted and differential switch in the circuit between said transformer and said device.
Can use the conductive layer of different shape.Can as along bending line (sinuous) or with frame shape, thus, duplicate (reproducting) lead widely with elongating shape, perhaps can be applied to apply big area equably.
In any case, material provides between said voltage bringing device.
Naturally it provides in non-conductive substrate.Thereby anticipating substrate, to make its insulation be necessary.
At last, method of the present invention what mode that don't work is not got rid of the aspect that covers electric baffle or semi-fluid material with the coating of common coating or the coat that is known as " finally " layer.
Can be understood and be manifested its other characteristic and advantage by reading following description better with use the present invention that the mode of example provides method.
Referring to accompanying drawing, wherein,
Fig. 1 is the skeleton view of the inventive method embodiment;
Fig. 2 is a segment that is illustrated in the skeleton view of the inventive method first embodiment in the room;
Fig. 3 shows the front view segment of the inventive method second embodiment on a plate.
At first see Fig. 1: show for example laminar timber of substrate 1, it is capped the insulation priming paint 9 that one deck applies in advance, contains in the substrate 1 to be useful on outside reflection radiation of heat particle (mean in the present invention from conduction and mix the outside reverberation of material).
Two voltage generators 4 and 5 are placed in the substrate 1, be placed on more precisely on the insulation layer 9, these two voltage generators link to each other with 7 with terminal 6 separately, carry between terminal 6 and 7 from becoming potential difference to some extent, and two voltage generators 4 and 5 are separated by can equidistant d.
Referring to Fig. 2, house shown in it has two walls 1 and 2 and floor 3.Compare with Fig. 1 embodiment, should observe conducting material 8 is elongated shape, more particularly frame shape.Voltage generator 4 and 5 is made of copper rod, preferably conducts electricity flexible cord (cord), its profile that is shaped as electro-conductive material 8 of the present invention.
Other method, can provide bending line to conductive material layer 8 so that copy coventional type resistance, as placing with prionodont.
Preferably provide and contain the radiation particulate and decorate final coating so that cover conductor element.
Referring to Fig. 3, two two conductance layers 8 ' that provide with the same manner are provided plate shown in it at last, and in order to cover two zones of extending respectively of two pairs of voltage generators 4 and 5, the voltage generator is alternately placed and can parallel way be connected.
This arrangement makes and can increase obtainable temperature in the house.
Three embodiment that describe with reference to accompanying drawing make and can for example regulate obtainable temperature by the voltage that changes on the AC power supplies terminal above.
Explain first aspect present invention by following example at last.
Peeled off electric baffle material with following ingredients.
Tackiness agent: a kind of varnish (V), it contains:
The Plioway of 50 parts of weight
EC1 (ethylene acrylic thermoplasticity dipolymer)
The liquor essence of 300 parts of weight (white spirit) (containing the aromatic fat solvent of at least 5% weight)
The conduction mix material (C.F.): use commercially available article more precisely the trade mark of Merek public offering be MINATEC
30CM particle and MINATEC
The 31CM particle.These features of mixing material provide below.
Also can use the trade mark of Du Pont public offering to be ZELTEC for the purposes of the present invention
Multiple particle.
MINATEC
31CM satisfies molecular formula Sn by being coated with
0.85Sb
0.15O
2.075The Sn tin and the mica particles of Sb antimony double oxide constitute double oxide.Mica constitutes the said particle of about 59% weight, and double oxide accounts for 41% left and right sides weight.Said particle is lighttight, and resistivity is less than 100 Ω .cm, and size is less than 15 μ m.Its density is about 3.6g/cm
3
MINATEC
30CM: by being coated with double oxide Sn
0.85Sb
0.15O
2.075Mica particles, SiO
2And TiO
2Mixture constitute.Mica constitutes said particulate 41% weight, and double oxide is about 43% weight, SiO
2Be about 4% weight, TiO
2Be about 12% weight.Said particle is a printing opacity, and resistivity is less than 150 Ω .cm, and size is less than 15 μ m.Their density is about 3.6g/cm
3
Additive:
Anti-sludging agent: the Bentone that Soci é t é Industrielle du Tifane company sells
SP1.
Thickening material: the Puff that Carbonel Jaequemot company sells
-it.
Moistening agent: the Soya Iecithin that Lambert Riviere company sells.
Said composition mixes the electric system body material of the present invention that acquisition has following structure and advantage:
| % weight percent dryness extract proportion dryness volume weight (g) (cm 3) | |
| Varnish (V) | ????48.65????????7.75????????1.03???7.52 |
| Conduction is mixed material (C.F.) | ????49.36????????47.35???????3.6????13.25 |
| Bentoin?e?SO1 | ????1????????????0.98????????1.6????0.61 |
| Puff-it | ????0.6???????????--??????????-- |
| Lecithin | ????0.4???????????--??????????-- |
Said material thereby have following technical characteristic:
The dryness extract accounts for weight 56.08
The dryness extract accounts for volume 26.81
With 1 liter of said material, can apply the about 3m of moist layer with 200 μ m thickness
2
Can obtain following (see figure 1) as a result with the S area conductive layer that is deposited on the wood substrate that scribbles melamine (melamine) resin.On two terminals of the adherent metal band of the variable range d of being separated by, variable potential difference (u) is provided and the adherent metal band is contacted with said conductive layer.
*TE: envrionment temperature,
*TF: layer temperature.
Claims (11)
1. the conductive fluid or the semi-fluid material that are used for covering surfaces, it is made of a tackiness agent as surface-coated, tackiness agent contains conduction and mixes material, mixing material is made of the sheet inorganic medium of being coated in a powder, powder is based on double oxide or double oxide mixture, the said conduction that is characterized as of this material is mixed 20% to 80% weight that material constitutes said electro-conductive material, and this material is particularly suitable for radiation heating and said double oxide satisfies following equation:
A
xB
1-xO
1/2 (5-x)Wherein: 0＜x＜1;
A is selected among following chemical element: Ge, Sn, the Pb from IV A group;
B is the following chemical element from the VA group: selected As, Sb, the Bi; And
O represents oxygen.
2. according to the fluid or the semi-fluid material of claim 1, it is characterized in that it is the particle that size is less than or equal to 15 μ m that said conduction is mixed material.
3. according to a kind of fluid or the semi-fluid material of claim 1 or 2, the phyllosilicate particles that constitutes nature such as the talcum that it is characterized in that said sheet inorganic medium, phlogopite, paragonite, or white mica or pyrophyllite, or be particle such as the carbon or the BN of graphite-structure material.
4. according to any one fluid or the semi-fluid material of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that in the molecular formula of related double oxide: 0.1 5≤x≤0.85.
5. according to any one fluid or the semi-fluid material of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that said coating powders only comprises a kind of mixture of a double oxide or double oxide, or further comprise at least a from SiO
2With TiO
2Among the non-conductive oxide compound selected.
6. according to any one fluid or the semi-fluid material of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized by said conduction and mix material and constitute by the talcum or the mica particles that are coated in a kind of powder, powder is to be to have molecular formula:
Sn
xSb
1-xO
1/2 (5-x)Double oxide be the basis, wherein 0＜X＜1 and preferably 0.15≤x≤0.85.
7. use by being applied to the conduction that a sheet inorganic medium in the middle of the powder constitutes and mix material, powder is based on a mixture of a double oxide or double oxide, and said double oxide satisfies following equation:
A
xB
1-xO
1/2 (5-x)Wherein: 0＜x＜2, best 0.15≤x≤0.85;
A is following chemical element Ge from IV A group, and Sn selects among the Pb; B organizes following chemical element: As from VA, and Sb selects among the Bi; And O represents oxygen, so that make conductive fluid or semi-fluid material can be used as coating, and varnish, pyroxylin(e)finish, various coatings, primary coat etc. ... make that desirable electric current can pass through when voltage being offered the conductive layer that constitutes thus, be used in particular for distribute heat.
8. use method, it is characterized by it and comprise the following steps: according to any one fluid or the semi-fluid material of claim 1 to 6
At least two voltage generators (4,5) are positioned in the substrate (1), and the voltage generator has length l and is separated by distance d mutually, and said parameter l and d select as the function of power demand; And
The layer (8,8 ') of said fluid or semi-fluid material is provided between the said voltage generator (4,5), and the mode that provides is for conducting electricity when said layer when it applies voltage (8,8 ').
9. method according to Claim 8, it is characterized in that with elongated shape as providing said layer (8 with crooked line style or with frame shape, 8 ') so that duplicate lead widely, or in the mode (8 ') of unanimity in order to cover the zone of extending between said voltage generator (2,3).
10. according to Claim 8 or 9 method, it is characterized in that it further by provide in the said substrate (1) insulation layer before step constitute.
11. according to Claim 8 to 10 any one method, it is characterized in that said voltage generator (4,5) is by elongating the shape conducting element as comprising copper, silver, aluminium ... adherent zone or metal bar constitute.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95197744 CN1177368A (en) | 1995-03-02 | 1995-03-02 | Conductive fluid or semifluid materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95197744 CN1177368A (en) | 1995-03-02 | 1995-03-02 | Conductive fluid or semifluid materials |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1177368A true CN1177368A (en) | 1998-03-25 |
Family
ID=5083327
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95197744 Pending CN1177368A (en) | 1995-03-02 | 1995-03-02 | Conductive fluid or semifluid materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1177368A (en) |
-
1995
- 1995-03-02 CN CN 95197744 patent/CN1177368A/en active Pending
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