CN117701318A

CN117701318A - Process for preparing diesel antiwear agent by mixing oleic acid

Info

Publication number: CN117701318A
Application number: CN202311838298.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴中敢; 饶宇华; 贾海军
Original assignee: Jiangxi Runda New Material Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangxi Runda New Material Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-12-28
Filing date: 2023-12-28
Publication date: 2024-03-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a process for preparing a diesel antiwear agent by mixing oleic acid, which comprises the steps of heating and refluxing oleic acid, ethanol and phosphoric acid for reaction, wherein the ethanol is used as a reaction solvent and an esterification raw material, the phosphoric acid is used as a catalyst and an esterification raw material, and the prepared mixed oleic acid is a mixture of various substances such as oleic acid, ethyl oleate, oleic acid phosphate and the like, so that the acid value is reduced, and the mixed oleic acid is not easy to emulsify with water.

Description

Process for preparing diesel antiwear agent by mixing oleic acid

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of preparing a diesel antiwear agent from oleic acid, in particular to a process for preparing the diesel antiwear agent from mixed oleic acid.

Background

With the increasing strictness of environmental protection requirements, the diesel oil for vehicles is developed towards high quality and cleanliness, in order to reduce the sulfur content, the diesel oil is hydrofined, and the diesel oil is hydrofined and desulfurized while the lubricity of the diesel oil is reduced, so that the fuel pump in the diesel engine is worn or even damaged. For this reason, the addition of diesel antiwear agents to diesel is a major approach to improving the lubricity of diesel.

In the prior art, the diesel antiwear agent mainly comprises two types of fatty acid type and fatty acid ester type. The fatty acid type diesel antiwear agent is mainly a long-chain unsaturated fatty acid compound, and has the defects of high acid value and corrosion to the metal surface of an engine; the fatty acid ester type antiwear agent has the characteristics of low acid value, low condensation point, good antiwear performance and the like, but has high production cost, easy emulsification when meeting water and long demulsification time, and influences the quality of diesel products.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses a process for preparing a diesel antiwear agent by mixing oleic acid, which adopts oleic acid, ethanol and phosphoric acid to carry out heating reflux reaction, so that the diesel antiwear agent with good lubricating effect and self-demulsification can be prepared.

A process for preparing a diesel antiwear agent by mixing oleic acid comprises the following steps:

(1) Taking a certain amount of oleic acid, adding the oleic acid into a reaction kettle, adding absolute ethyl alcohol with the same molar amount as the oleic acid, adding phosphoric acid with the mass of 1% -3% of the oleic acid, heating to 80-90 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, carrying out reflux reaction for 2-5 hours, stopping the reaction, distilling the ethanol, and adding a drying agent for dehydration to obtain mixed oleic acid;

(2) Mixing the mixed oleic acid with low freezing point oleic acid, uniformly mixing, and filtering to obtain the diesel antiwear agent.

Further, the end point of the reflux reaction in the step (1) is 1/3 to 1/2 of the original acid value.

Further, the drying agent is anhydrous magnesium sulfate.

Further, in the step (2), oleic acid is mixed, and the mass ratio of the oleic acid with a low freezing point to the oleic acid is 1-2:1.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. according to the invention, through heating reflux reaction of oleic acid, ethanol and phosphoric acid, wherein the ethanol is used as a reaction solvent and an esterification raw material, the phosphoric acid is used as a catalyst and an esterification raw material, and the prepared mixed oleic acid is a mixture of various substances such as oleic acid, ethyl oleate, oleic acid phosphate and the like, so that the acid value is reduced, the mixed oleic acid is not easy to emulsify with water, and the prepared diesel antiwear agent has the advantages of both fatty acid type diesel antiwear agents and fatty acid ester type diesel antiwear agents.

2. Phosphoric acid is added as a catalyst and an esterification raw material to prepare the phosphorylated mixed oleic acid and diesel antiwear agent, which has lower friction coefficient and the function of strengthening engine metal.

Detailed Description

Example 1

(1) Taking a certain amount of oleic acid, adding the oleic acid into a reaction kettle, adding absolute ethyl alcohol with the same molar amount as the oleic acid, adding phosphoric acid with the mass of 1.2% of the oleic acid, heating to 85 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, carrying out reflux reaction until the acid value is reduced to 1/2 of the original acid value, stopping the reaction, distilling the ethanol, and then adding anhydrous magnesium sulfate for dehydration to obtain mixed oleic acid;

(2) Mixing the mixed oleic acid with low-freezing-point oleic acid, wherein the mass ratio of the mixed oleic acid to the low-freezing-point oleic acid is 1.5:1, uniformly mixing, and filtering to obtain the diesel antiwear agent.

Comparative example 1

Low freezing point oleic acid is used as the diesel antiwear agent.

Comparative example 2

Ethyl oleate is used as a diesel antiwear agent.

And (3) testing:

the diesel antiwear agent of the above examples and comparative examples was added to diesel oil at a ratio of 200mg/kg, and compared with diesel oil without the diesel antiwear agent, and the diesel oil was coated on a steel plate, and friction weight reduction experiments were performed under a pressure of 10kg, and after 10 ten thousand times of friction, weight reduction was obtained.

10% by mass of water was added to the diesel oil, homogenized and emulsified, and the layering time was observed.

Friction weight loss test	Example 1	Comparative example 1	Comparative example 2	Diesel oil
					Weight reduction (mg)	129	205	161	512
Layering time(s)	295	287	1223	209

Compared with pure oleic acid, the acid value of the diesel antiwear agent prepared by the invention is reduced by 30% -40%, and the corrosion to metal can be effectively reduced; and after being added into diesel oil, the water-emulsified diesel oil is basically consistent with the layering time after being emulsified by water.

Finally: the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A process for preparing diesel antiwear agent by mixing oleic acid, which is characterized in that: the process is as follows:

(1) Take a certain amount of oleic acid, add it to the reaction kettle, then add anhydrous ethanol in an equal molar amount to the oleic acid, then add 1%-3% phosphoric acid by mass of oleic acid, and heat to 80°C-90°C under nitrogen protection ℃, after 2h-5h of reflux reaction, stop the reaction, distill out the ethanol, and then add a desiccant for dehydration to prepare mixed oleic acid;

(2) Take the above mixed oleic acid, mix it with low freezing point oleic acid, mix it evenly and then filter it to prepare a diesel anti-wear agent.

2. The process for preparing diesel antiwear agent by mixing oleic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: the end point of the reflux reaction in step (1) is when the acid value is reduced to 1/3-1/2 of the original acid value.

3. The process for preparing diesel anti-wear agent by mixing oleic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: the desiccant is anhydrous magnesium sulfate.

4. The process for preparing diesel antiwear agent by mixing oleic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of mixing oleic acid in step (2): low freezing point oleic acid is 1-2:1.