CN117569535A - Bio-based extruded LVT floor, formula and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a bio-based extruded LVT floor, a formula and a preparation method thereof. From top to bottom, it includes an upper wear-resistant layer, a color film, a base material layer, and a lower wear-resistant layer. The formula of the base material layer is polyvinyl chloride. 86.5 parts of resin, 26.5 parts of bio-based plasticizer, 406 parts of stone powder, 1 part of PE wax, 1.2 parts of stearic acid, 8 parts of calcium and zinc stabilizer, 200 parts of recycled material, 1 part of toner; the present invention mainly provides a Using polyvinyl chloride, bio-based plasticizers and stone powder as the main raw materials, the LVT floor produced through the online extrusion process has a simpler process than the LVT products produced by conventional calendering to produce the base material and then hot pressing. It has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, environmental protection and degradability. It uses the extrusion process and the process is simple to improve the problem of poor bio-based plasticizing effect.

Description

A kind of bio-based extruded LVT floor, formula and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of LVT flooring, specifically a bio-based extruded LVT flooring, a formula and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Bio-based plasticizers are derived from biomass oil, which is obtained through filtration, purification, and chlorination. They can partially or completely replace the petroleum-based plasticizer DOTP (dioctyl terephthalate). In the context of low-carbon and environmental protection , the development of environmentally friendly biomass products is the future trend. LVT products are produced through the extrusion process. The conventional extrusion process is calendering and hot pressing, which can make up for the shortcomings of bio-based plasticizers in plasticizing PVC that are worse than DOTP, and can be used in low-carbon, environmentally friendly and degradable fields. Form competitive products, but currently there are only a small proportion of such products on the market, so there is a need for an LVT product made with bio-based plasticizers.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bio-based extruded LVT floor, formula and preparation method, which solves the problem that current LVT products made with petroleum-based plasticizers are not environmentally friendly.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

A bio-based extruded LVT floor of the present invention includes an upper wear-resistant layer, a color film, a base material layer, and a lower wear-resistant layer in sequence from top to bottom.

Also disclosed is a formula for the base material layer of a bio-based extruded LVT floor, specifically 86.5 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 26.5 parts of bio-based plasticizer, 406 parts of stone powder, 1 part of PE wax, and 1.2 parts of stearic acid. 8 parts of calcium and zinc stabilizer, 200 parts of recycled material, 1 part of toner.

A method for preparing bio-based extruded LVT flooring is also disclosed, specifically:

S01: After measuring the raw materials according to the proportion, put them into the high-speed mixer;

S02: After the raw materials are fully mixed in the high-speed mixer, change to the low-speed mixer for mixing and cooling;

S03: After the raw materials are fully stirred, they are put into the twin-screw extrusion equipment, plasticized and then extruded to form a base material layer;

S04: Adjust the thickness of the extruded base material layer, cover it with color film and upper wear-resistant layer in sequence, and cover the lower wear-resistant layer on the back to form an overall structure;

S05: emboss the overall structure to form a semi-finished product;

S06: The semi-finished product is die-cut and sliced after being coated, tempered and cured;

S07: Trim and chamfer the sliced products to obtain the finished product.

Further, in the above step S01, the temperature of the mixer is 120±10 degrees for a small mixer and 170±10 degrees for a large mixer.

Further, in the above step S01, the temperature of the low-speed mixer is 50±10 degrees, and the mixing time is 5 minutes.

Further, in the above step S03, the twin-screw extrusion equipment has six functional sections, which are, in order, a feeding section for feeding, a melting section for melting, a plasticizing section for plasticizing, and a section for exhausting. The exhaust section, the mixing section for mixing, the extrusion section for extrusion, the extrusion section of the twin-screw extrusion equipment is equipped with a die opening.

Further, the equipment requirements of the twin-screw extrusion equipment are that the converging core temperature is set to 180°C and the pressure is 0.1MPA. The host speed is 19.6r/min, the current is 220A; the feeding speed is 21r/min, the current is 0.2A; the die temperature is 220℃, and the extrusion width is 1050mm/1350mm.

Further, in the above step S05, the mold temperature machine controls the temperature of the rollers. The temperatures in the machine roller area are 255°C for the fixed thickness roller and the upper and lower rollers respectively; the temperatures for the upper and lower rollers of the film-attaching roller are 235°C and 230°C respectively; The temperature of the upper and lower film rollers is 225°C.

Further, in the above-mentioned step S06, the coating amount of the semi-finished product is 15 grams, and the semi-finished product is tempered in a water bath, the tempering temperature is 35°C, and the curing time is 24 hours.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention mainly provides an LVT floor produced through an online extrusion process with polyvinyl chloride, bio-based plasticizer and stone powder as the main raw materials, and the base material is produced by conventional calendering, and then hot pressed The LVT products produced have the advantages of simple process, high plasticization efficiency, low cost, environmental protection and degradability. The extrusion process is used to simplify the process and improve the problem of poor plasticizing effect of bio-based products. Bio-based products are more friendly and low-cost. It is environmentally friendly and biodegradable. Using this method to produce LVT floors reduces the hot pressing process. The process is simple and can save labor. The extrusion process is used to solve the problem of poor bio-based plasticizing effects.

Description of the drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only For some embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the production process of the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 1-2. For convenience of description, the directions mentioned below are defined as follows: the up, down, left, right and front directions mentioned below are consistent with the up, down, left, right and front directions of the projection relationship of Figure 1 itself.

A bio-based extruded LVT flooring described in conjunction with Figure 1 includes, from top to bottom, an upper wear-resistant layer, a color film, a base material layer, and a lower wear-resistant layer.

The wear-resistant layer is mainly used to protect the color film and base material layer from wear and corrosion under long-term use. The wear-resistant layer is divided into smooth surface and embossed surface. Different wear-resistant layer thicknesses use different oil components;

Color film is used to color the floor. Color film is divided into conventional color film and online florid color film. Online florist color film is a color film with black mark dots.

A formula for a bio-based extruded LVT floor base material layer, including 86.5 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 26.5 parts of bio-based plasticizer, 406 parts of stone powder, 1 part of PE wax, 1.2 parts of stearic acid, and 8 parts of calcium and zinc stabilizer , 200 parts of recycled material, 1 part of toner.

Polyvinyl chloride resin, a resin material, is mainly used for shaping and mixing and connecting other materials;

The stone powder is mainly used as filler, which can reduce costs and improve product stability;

The bio-based plasticizer increases the toughness and rigidity of the floor and promotes plasticization;

PE wax, external lubricant, is mainly used for lubrication between mechanical surfaces;

Stearic acid, an internal lubricant, is mainly aimed at lubrication between material molecular chains;

Calcium zinc stabilizer, an environmentally friendly stabilizer, the main ingredients are calcium stearate and zinc stearate, which prevent PVC from decomposing at high temperatures;

Recycling materials, recycling scraps or defective products, slotting ash, etc. can reduce costs and increase the plasticizing effect.

Toner is used for coloring, usually carbon black, sapphire blue, ultramarine blue, etc. It does not need to be added when making natural color base materials.

During production, the mixed materials composed of PVC resin powder, bio-based plasticizer, stone powder, etc. are stirred at high speed and low speed to fully mix the materials, and then plasticized by the extruder, and the base material is continuously extruded through the twin-screw die, and the thickness is determined. roller to control the thickness of the product, and then use the embossing roller to emboss the texture on the surface of the base material, and cover it with color film and wear-resistant layer at the same time. After being pulled and cooled by the roller, the parameters are set through the shearing machine, and the base material is trimmed. The semi-finished product is cut according to the customer's requirements, and then the semi-finished product is coated and tempered, cured at 24 degrees Celsius for one day, sliced → trimmed → chamfered to obtain the finished LVT product.

Color films and wear-resistant layers are conventional industrial products. The main materials are PVC resin powder, plasticizers and stabilizers. In the production stage of the floor, market finished products can be used directly without special processing.

With reference to Figure 2, a bio-based extruded LVT floor preparation method using a formula of the base material layer of a bio-based extruded LVT floor is specifically as follows:

S01: After measuring the raw materials according to the proportion, put them into the high-speed mixer;

S02: After the raw materials are fully mixed in the high-speed mixer, change to the low-speed mixer for mixing and cooling;

S03: After the raw materials are fully stirred, they are put into the twin-screw extrusion equipment, plasticized and then extruded to form a base material layer;

S04: Adjust the thickness of the extruded base material layer, cover it with color film and upper wear-resistant layer in sequence, and cover the lower wear-resistant layer on the back to form an overall structure;

S05: emboss the overall structure to form a semi-finished product;

S06: The semi-finished product is die-cut and sliced after being coated, tempered and cured;

S07: Trim and chamfer the sliced products to obtain the finished product.

In the above step S01, the temperature of the mixer is 120±10 degrees for small mixers and 170±10 degrees for large mixers.

In the above step S01, the temperature of the low-speed mixer is 50±10 degrees, and the mixing time is 5 minutes.

In the above step S03, the twin-screw extrusion equipment has six functional sections, which are the feeding section for feeding, the melting section for melting, the plasticizing section for plasticizing, and the exhaust section for exhausting. , mixing section for mixing, extrusion section for extrusion, the extrusion section of the twin-screw extrusion equipment is equipped with a die opening.

The equipment requirements of the twin-screw extrusion equipment are that the converging core temperature is set to 180°C and the pressure is 0.1MPA. The host speed is 19.6r/min, the current is 220A; the feeding speed is 21r/min, the current is 0.2A; the die temperature is 220℃, and the extrusion width is 1050mm/1350mm.

In the above step S05, the mold temperature machine controls the temperature of the rollers. The temperature of the machine roller area is 255°C for the upper and lower rollers of the fixed thickness roller. The temperatures of the upper and lower rollers of the film-attaching roller are 235°C and 230°C respectively. The temperatures of the upper and lower rollers of the base film roller are respectively. The roller temperature is 225°C.

In the above step S06, the coating amount of the semi-finished product is 15 grams, and it is tempered in a water bath at a tempering temperature of 35°C and cured for 24 hours.

In a general example:

Formula for base material layer: 86.5KG polyvinyl chloride resin, 26.5KG bio-based plasticizer, 406KG stone powder, 1KG PE wax, 1.2KG stearic acid, 8KG calcium zinc stabilizer, 200KG recycled material, 1KG carbon black.

During production, the above materials are first mixed and stirred, and then made into a base material layer. The wear-resistant layer and color film are further compounded to make a semi-finished product, and then the semi-finished product is modified to make a finished product.

Semi-finished product production method: Stone powder and polyvinyl chloride resin are placed in the raw material storage tank, and the materials are loaded through a fully automatic metering and mixing system. The front brake metering and mixing system loads materials according to the required amount of finished products. Stone powder and polyvinyl chloride resin The vinyl chloride resin will be put into the high-speed mixer, and the remaining materials need to be manually fed and then loaded. The high-speed mixer will heat the materials to the specified temperature through high-speed stirring. The specified temperature requirements are: the temperature requirement for small high-speed mixers is 120 ± 10 degrees; for large high-speed mixers, The temperature requirement of the mixer is 170±10 degrees. After the temperature reaches the specified temperature, transfer to the low-speed mixer, and then stir in the low-speed mixer storage tank for 5 minutes until the temperature drops to 50±10 degrees.

The function of a high-speed mixer is to mix and plasticize materials. The high-speed mixer rotates quickly and can heat by stirring and friction.

The function of the low-speed mixer is: water cooling to avoid plasticization, agglomeration and high temperature decomposition.

Various raw materials are fully mixed, stirred and plasticized, and then put into the twin-screw extrusion equipment;

The twin-screw extrusion equipment has six functional sections, which are the feeding section for feeding, the melting section for melting, the plasticizing section for plasticizing, the exhaust section for exhaust, and the mixing section. The mixing section and extrusion section are used for extrusion. The feeding section can continuously feed materials. The melting section can heat the material as a whole to form a molten state. The plasticizing section plasticizes the material, thereby reducing the hardness of the material and improving the quality. The toughness of the material increases the ductility and plasticity of the material. The exhaust section discharges excess pores, the mixing section fully mixes it, and the extrusion section extrudes the material inside the twin-screw extrusion equipment to form the shape of the foam layer. .

The extrusion section of the twin-screw extrusion equipment is equipped with a die opening, which can fix the dimensions of the width, thickness and other factors of the extruded material, so that the material can take shape.

The equipment requirements of the twin-screw extrusion equipment are that the converging core temperature is set to 180°C and the pressure is 0.1MPA. The host speed is 19.6r/min, the current is 220A; the feeding speed is 21r/min, the current is 0.2A; since the material is not discharged vertically, the feeding current is fed to the auxiliary motor, which mainly controls the discharge speed, and the current will not be too high; the die mouth temperature 220℃, the temperature at the die opening will increase due to the extrusion of the material; the extrusion width is 1050mm/1350mm.

The foamed layer extruded by the twin-screw extrusion equipment moves to the fixed thickness roller to adjust the thickness of the base material. The thickness is determined by extrusion with the fixed thickness roller. After the thickness is stabilized, the surface of the base material is sequentially covered with color film and upper wear-resistant layer, and the back is covered with The lower wear-resistant layer with a thickness of 0.2mm controls the embossing roller to form a texture on the surface of the substrate. The mold temperature machine controls the temperature of the rollers. The temperature of the machine roller area is 255℃ for the upper and lower rollers of the fixed thickness roller; the temperature of the upper and lower rollers of the film-attached roller is 235℃ and 230℃ respectively; the temperature of the upper and lower rollers of the base film roller is 225℃ , the back is covered with a 0.22mm thick lower wear-resistant layer, which mainly enhances the adsorption force of the pavement and prevents oil from precipitation.

The wear-resistant layer and the color film are also synchronously bonded to the base material using rollers. The color film is compounded on the base material layer through the traction roller and the flattening roller. The wear-resistant layer is compounded on the color film through the rubber roller. The color film and the color film are bonded to the base material simultaneously. The grinding layer will stretch during the traction and bonding process.

After forming the stable structure of the wear-resistant layer, color film and base material layer, adjust the width of the base material through side knives on both sides, and use air cooling to reduce the temperature of the board. The infrared cutting knife controls the length of the board and cuts it according to customer requirements. According to the corresponding width, the pallet collecting machine automatically stacks the semi-finished products to complete the production.

The semi-finished product is coated (paint) and tempered. The total amount of coating is 15 grams, including the primer and topcoat. It is tempered in a water bath and the tempering temperature is 35°C. 24H health maintenance is used to eliminate internal residual stress. After punching and slicing according to customer requirements, the width of the slicing is 2-3mm wider than the finished product. The punched semi-finished product is used to remove edge burrs through an edge trimmer, and the width is adjusted to Dimensions of the finished product, trimming and chamfering, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer is less than 0.3mm without chamfering, and the finished product is obtained.

Using this method to produce LVT flooring reduces the hot pressing process, the process is simple, and can save labor. The bio-based plasticizer is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and the product can be recycled. At the same time, it can save 0.5 yuan/㎡ compared to using petroleum-based plasticizers. cost around.

In other embodiments, the bio-based plasticizer can use other functional similar products, such as high temperature resistant, anti-segregation, etc.

Use different proportions to replace petroleum-based plasticizers, such as 20%, 50%, and 80%, to form floors with different effects.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concepts and characteristics of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those familiar with the technology in this field to understand the content of the present invention and implement it, and cannot limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made based on the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A bio-based extruded LVT floor, characterized by: the color film comprises an upper wear-resistant layer, a color film, a base material layer and a lower wear-resistant layer from top to bottom.

2. A formulation for a substrate layer of a biobased extruded LVT flooring according to claim 1, wherein: 86.5 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 26.5 parts of bio-based plasticizer, 406 parts of stone powder, 1 part of PE wax, 1.2 parts of stearic acid, 8 parts of calcium-zinc stabilizer, 200 parts of return material and 1 part of toner.

3. A formulation for a substrate layer of a bio-based extruded LVT flooring according to claim 2, a method of preparing a bio-based extruded LVT flooring using the formulation, wherein:

s01: the raw materials are put into a high-speed stirrer after being metered according to the proportion;

s02: after fully stirring the raw materials in a high-speed stirrer, replacing the raw materials in a low-speed stirrer for stirring and cooling;

s03: fully stirring the raw materials, putting the raw materials into double-screw extrusion equipment, plasticizing the raw materials, and extruding the plasticized raw materials to form a substrate layer;

s04: adjusting the thickness of the extruded substrate layer, sequentially coating a color film and an upper wear-resistant layer, and coating a lower wear-resistant layer on the back surface to form an integral structure;

s05: embossing the integral structure to form a semi-finished product;

s06: punching and slicing the semi-finished product after film coating tempering and curing;

s07: and (5) edging and chamfering the segmented product to obtain a finished product.

4. The method for preparing the bio-based extruded LVT floor according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S01, the temperature of the stirrer is 120+/-10 ℃ of the small stirrer and 170+/-10 ℃ of the large stirrer.

5. The method for preparing the bio-based extruded LVT floor according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S01, the temperature of the low-speed stirrer is 50+/-10 ℃ and the stirring time is 5 minutes.

6. The method for preparing the bio-based extruded LVT floor according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S03, the twin-screw extrusion apparatus has six functional sections, namely a charging section for charging, a melting section for melting, a plasticizing section for plasticizing, an exhaust section for exhausting, a mixing section for mixing, and an extrusion section for extruding, and the extrusion section of the twin-screw extrusion apparatus is provided with a die.

7. The method for preparing the bio-based extruded LVT floor according to claim 6, wherein: the equipment requirement of the twin-screw extrusion equipment is that the temperature of the confluence core is set to 180 ℃ and the pressure is 0.1MPA. The rotating speed of the host machine is 19.6r/min, and the current is 220A; the feeding rotating speed is 21r/min, and the current is 0.2A; die temperature 220℃and extrusion width 1050mm/1350mm.

8. The method for preparing the bio-based extruded LVT floor according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S05, a mold temperature machine controls the temperature of a roller, and the temperature of a roller area is 255 ℃ when the temperature of an upper roller and a lower roller of a thickness fixing roller is respectively; the upper and lower rollers of the film attaching roller are respectively at 235 ℃ and 230 ℃; the upper and lower rollers of the laminating roller are 225 ℃.

9. The method for preparing the bio-based extruded LVT floor according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S06, the semi-finished product is subjected to film coating with the weight of 15 g, water bath tempering is adopted, the tempering temperature is 35 ℃, and the curing is carried out for 24H.