CN117353795A - A digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device and a method, which are used for carrying out matching shaping on sampling optical pulses according to the characteristics of the digital signals to be received and generating an optical domain orthogonal basis, realizing orthogonal decomposition and waveform matching of the digital vector signals to be received in the electro-optical sampling process, and outputting demodulated 0 and 1 digital sequences after photoelectric conversion and electric sampling. The invention can support the matching reception of the broadband digital vector signal, support the low signal-to-noise ratio reception of the broadband high-order modulation digital signal, greatly reduce the threshold of the receiving demodulation signal-to-noise ratio and improve the communication capacity of the next generation satellite communication system under the condition of strong interference.

Description

A digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device and method

Technical field

The invention relates to a digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device and method, belonging to the technical field of digital vector signal receiving.

Background technique

Due to the long distance between the satellite and the ground, the complex electromagnetic environment in space, and the long propagation distance, on the one hand, the satellite communication signal attenuates greatly during the transmission process, and the signal power is lower than the noise and interference; on the other hand, as With the development of electronic information technology, spectrum resources are becoming more and more crowded, and the potential interference sources and interference power faced by satellite communications are constantly increasing. This makes the need to improve the ability of satellite communication systems to resist broadband interference increasingly urgent. The use of interference avoidance technology represented by broadband frequency hopping technology can greatly reduce the possibility of malicious interference in communications. At this time, the main factor affecting communication changes from malicious interference to the impact of in-band noise that overlaps with the communication frequency band on weak communication signals. deterioration. Limited by the accuracy of optical domain signal processing, microwave photon frequency hopping receivers have limited suppression effect on strong broadband white noise in satellite-to-ground links. At the same time, frequency hopping receivers designed based on the interference avoidance idea cannot handle in-band noise. When satellite communications are subject to strong electromagnetic interference, the signal power is smaller than the noise power. Even if the digital reception noise reduction algorithm is used after analog reception, the quantization stage of the analog-to-digital conversion will be occupied by the strong noise power, causing the signal power to be lost during sampling. It is compressed during the process, and the signal power cannot be compensated through the digital domain noise reduction algorithm. This will cause an increase in the communication bit error rate or even interrupt the communication, reducing the stability and reliability of the satellite communication signal.

In order to solve the problem of receiver in-band interference in the analog domain, many domestic and foreign research institutions have proposed suppression schemes that use the differences in waveform, spectrum and other structures between interference and signals. There are three main types of interference suppression solutions classified according to methods: spatial anti-interference technology, frequency domain interference elimination technology and time domain interference elimination technology. Space anti-interference technology is to increase the signal reception gain while suppressing the interference reception gain by adjusting the gain direction of the receiving antenna. However, this method is not suitable for satellite communication systems where the signal arrival direction is changeable and the direction of the interference source may overlap with the signal. Frequency domain interference elimination technology digitizes the received signal and performs spectrum analysis through Fourier transform. It uses interference suppression related algorithms to suppress the spectral component of the interference. Finally, the interference-canceled signal is restored to the interference-canceled signal through the inverse Fourier transform. time domain signal. Using this method, the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China achieved interference suppression with a bandwidth of 20MHz (Liu Y., et al, (2017) Afull-duplex transceiver with two-stage analog cancellations for multipathself-interference, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques), but This method needs to add windows to the original signal when performing Fourier transform, which will inevitably affect the received signal, resulting in a reduction in the received signal-to-noise ratio. At the same time, the broadband received signal needs to be converted from analog to digital first. High-power interference will reduce the quantization accuracy and cause signal distortion. Time domain interference elimination technology is a widely studied technology. Its principle is to construct an adaptive transversal filter at the receiving end based on the best reception criteria. By adjusting the tap coefficient of the transverse filter, it achieves a bandwidth of no more than 500MHz. 25dB real-time cancellation of interference (Venkatakrishnan S.B., et al, (2018), Wideband RF self-interference cancellation circuit for phased array simultaneous transmit and receive system, IEEE Access). However, due to the operating bandwidth of the analog-to-digital converter/digital-to-analog converter, this method cannot adjust the tap coefficient when processing broadband signals, and is not suitable for interference suppression of next-generation broadband satellite communications. In order to achieve interference suppression of broadband signals, microwave photonic technology provides an interference elimination solution with large bandwidth and high tuning accuracy. Combined with the optimization algorithm, it can achieve adaptive interference elimination in the Ku frequency band (Zhang Y., et al, (2015), self -interference cancellation using dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator for in-band full-duplex radio-over-fiber system, Optics Express). However, this solution needs to use the interference signal as a reference signal and perform optical domain signal processing together with the received signal. The frequency, shape, phase and other information of the interference must be obtained in advance, and is not suitable for eliminating non-cooperative channel noise.

Therefore, existing electronic and microwave photonic solutions cannot effectively eliminate in-band interference of broadband digital vector signals.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and propose a digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device and method, which performs orthogonal decomposition, waveform matching and clock signal synchronization of the digital vector signal in the optical domain. , to achieve matching reception of digital vector signals and digital information recovery.

The technical solution of the present invention is:

A digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device, including a configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, an optical orthogonal basis generation module, an electro-optical sampling module, a photoelectric converter, an electrical sampling module and a signal processing module connected in series. The signal processing module The output end is connected to the control end of the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, optical orthogonal basis generation module and electrical sampling module;

The configurable optical pulse shaping generation module generates a shaped optical pulse sequence that matches the digital baseband signal to be received based on the code rate, code pattern, and clock information of the digital vector signal to be received;

According to the carrier frequency and modulation format of the digital vector signal to be received, the optical orthogonal base generation module converts the shaped optical pulse sequence into the Fourier transforms of the time domain shapes of the two signals, which are orthogonal to each other, and the center frequency is orthogonal to each other. Receive the sampled optical pulse signal with the same carrier frequency of the digital signal;

The two electro-optical sampling modules are respectively connected to the two output ends of the optical orthogonal basis generation module. The two orthogonal sampling optical pulse signals are sampled from the radio frequency signal to be received and sent to the respective connected photoelectric converters for conversion into electrical signals;

The two electrical sampling modules are respectively connected to a photoelectric converter, the electrical signal is sent to the electrical sampling module, peak sampling is performed based on the clock information, and the sampling results are sent to the signal processing module;

The signal processing module sends the code rate, code type, bandwidth, modulation format, received carrier signal, and clock signal of the digital vector signal to be received to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, optical orthogonal base generation module, and electrical sampling module, and based on The received sampling results are judged, and the received judgment results are converted from parallel to serial based on the modulation format to recover the binary digital code.

Preferably, the signal processing module includes a configuration unit, a clock adjustment unit, and a decision generation unit;

The configuration unit is used to set the code rate, code type, bandwidth, modulation format, received carrier signal, and clock signal of the digital vector signal to be received, and send the above information to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module and the optical orthogonal base generation module and electrical sampling module;

The clock adjustment unit is used to determine the initial delay amount of the clock signal, send the clock information fine-tuned according to the initial delay amount to the configuration unit, update the clock information in the configuration unit, and enable the electrical sampling module to sample the peak value of the electrical signal. ;

The decision generation unit makes a decision on the sampling result obtained after using the fine-tuned clock signal and the set threshold, and performs parallel-serial conversion on the received decision result based on the modulation format to recover the binary digital code.

Preferably, the clock adjustment unit determines the initial delay amount of the clock signal. The method for determining the initial delay amount is:

Design test signals with the same amplitude. The code rate, code pattern, bandwidth, modulation format, received carrier signal, clock signal of the test signal and the code rate, code pattern, bandwidth, modulation format, received carrier signal, and clock of the actual signal to be received. The signals are the same;

Establish a sequence of delay fine-tuning amounts with increasing values, and take the values in the sequence as fine-tuning amounts to fine-tune the clock signal. After each fine-tuning, perform the following processing:

Send the code rate, code type, bandwidth, modulation format, received carrier signal, and clock signal of the test signal to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, optical orthogonal basis generation module, and electrical sampling module;

The optical pulse shaping generation module generates a shaped optical pulse sequence. After the shaped optical pulse sequence is sequentially processed by the optical orthogonal basis generation module, the electro-optical sampling module, the photoelectric converter, and the electrical sampling module, the sampling results are sent to the clock adjustment unit;

Compare the sampling results obtained after each fine-tuning, and obtain the fine-tuning amount corresponding to the maximum value as the initial delay amount of the final clock signal.

Preferably, the decision generating unit uses the average value of each sampling result after the communication starts as the set threshold for the decision.

Preferably, the delay fine-tuning sequence covers a complete symbol period of the digital signal to be received.

Preferably, the repetition period of the shaped optical pulse sequence generated by the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module is equal to the reciprocal of the code rate of the digital signal to be received, and the time domain shape of the shaped optical pulse sequence is equal to the transmission time domain of the code word of the digital signal to be received. The appearance is the same and in phase.

Preferably, the sampling period of the electro-optical sampling module is the same as the time interval of the shaped optical pulse generated by the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module.

Preferably, the bandwidth of the photoelectric converter and the electrical sampling module is not less than the bandwidth of the Fourier transform of the time domain shape of the optical pulse generated by the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module.

A digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving method, including:

1) Use the test signal as the signal to be received, and send the code rate, code type, bandwidth, modulation format, received carrier signal, and clock signal of the signal to be received to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, optical orthogonal basis generation module, and electrical Sampling module; signal processing module generates incremental delay fine-tuning sequence;

2) The optical pulse shaping generation module generates a shaped optical pulse sequence based on the modulation format, code type and clock signal configuration. The time domain shape of the sequence is the same as the time domain shape of the codeword sent by the signal to be received and is in phase. The repetition period is equal to the test signal code rate. the reciprocal;

3) The optical orthogonal basis generation module generates an optical domain orthogonal basis of corresponding frequency according to the received carrier signal, converts the shaped optical pulse sequence into the Fourier transform of the time domain shape of the two signals, and is orthogonal to each other, and the center frequency is the same as the one to be received. The digital signal's carrier frequency is the same sampled optical pulse signal. The two sampled optical pulse signals are sampled by the electro-optical sampling module to be received and then converted into electrical signals by the photoelectric converter;

4) The electrical sampling module samples the electrical signal in each symbol period according to the clock signal, and the digital results collected are sent to the signal processing module, and the signal processing module records the digital results;

5) The signal processing module sorts the delay fine-tuning amount sequence, adjusts the clock signal with each value in the sequence, and sends the adjusted clock signal to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module and electrical sampling module, and performs step 2) ~4);

6) One-to-one correspondence between the several digital results obtained and the delay fine-tuning sequence, obtain the mean value of the digital results, select the delay fine-tuning amount corresponding to the largest digital result, introduce the delay fine-tuning amount into the initial clock sequence and adjust the The clock signal is used as the clock signal of the actual digital signal to be received;

7) Send the actual code rate, bandwidth and modulation format of the signal to be received to generate the optical pulse shaping signal, receive carrier signal, and clock signal to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, optical orthogonal basis generation module and electrical sampling module, and start receiving For the digital signal sent, the average value of the digital results output by the electrical sampling module is set as the decision threshold, and the received result is compared with the decision threshold. If it is greater than the average value, 1 is output, otherwise 0 is output; according to the agreed digital vector signal The modulation format performs parallel-serial conversion on the output result and recovers the digital code.

The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

(1) The present invention performs orthogonal decomposition and waveform matching on digital vector signals in the optical domain, and can achieve matching reception of digital vector signals. The invention is based on a configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, an optical orthogonal basis generation module and an optical sampling and signal processing module. By synchronizing the shaping optical pulses, sampling electrical pulses and the digital signals to be received, the invention realizes the digital vector signal in the optical domain. Orthogonal decomposition, matching reception and digital information recovery. Thanks to the large bandwidth characteristics of microwave photonic technology, the signal bandwidth for matching reception is greatly broadened.

(2) Compared with electrical matching receiving devices and other microwave photonic in-band interference suppression methods, the present invention can support matching reception of broadband digital vector signals, support low signal-to-noise ratio reception of broadband high-order modulated digital signals, and greatly reduce the reception time. Demodulate the signal-to-noise ratio threshold to improve the communication capabilities of next-generation satellite communication systems under strong interference conditions.

Description of drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also throughout the drawings, the same reference characters are used to designate the same components. In the attached picture:

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the received signal of the digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device and method according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosure, and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

The present invention proposes a digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device. As shown in Figure 1, it includes a configurable optical pulse shaping and generating module. Along the signal output direction of the configurable optical pulse shaping and generating module, the optical orthogonal basis is generated in sequence. module, electro-optical sampling module, photoelectric converter, electrical sampling module and signal processing module. The output end of the data storage and processing module is connected to the control end of the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, the optical orthogonal base generation module and the electrical sampling module.

The configurable optical pulse shaping generation module is controlled by the signal processing module and generates a sequence of shaped optical pulses based on the code rate, bandwidth, modulation format information and clock information of the digital signal to be received. The time interval of the shaped optical pulse sequence is equal to the reciprocal of the code rate of the digital signal to be received, and is in phase with the digital signal to be received. The time domain shape p _s (t) of the shaped optical pulse is similar to the transmitted time domain pattern s _i (t) of the digital signal code word to be received, and satisfies the relationship p _s (t) = _Ksi (t), and K is a constant.

The optical orthogonal basis generation module generates an optical domain orthogonal basis of corresponding frequency according to the received carrier signal output by the signal processing module. According to the carrier frequency and modulation format of the digital signal to be received, the optical pulse time domain shape generated by the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module is shaped, and the Fourier transforms converted into the time domain shapes of the two signals are orthogonal to each other, and the center frequency A sampled optical pulse signal with the same carrier frequency as the digital signal to be received.

The electro-optical sampling module is respectively connected to the two output terminals of the optical orthogonal base generation module. The two orthogonal sampling optical pulse signals sample the digital radio frequency signal modulated to the corresponding transmission carrier frequency and then send it to the respective connected photoelectric converter, and convert it into electric signal.

The electrical sampling module adjusts the sampling clock according to the clock information sent by the signal processing module and the code rate and clock information of the digital signal to be received to ensure that the sampling period is the same as the time interval of the shaped optical pulse generated by the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, and in the photoelectric A sampling decision is made at the peak of the electrical pulse output by the converter, and the result is sent to the signal processing module.

An optical domain matching receiving method for digital vector signals, as shown in Figure 2. According to the digital signal to be received, the sampled optical pulses are matched and shaped and an optical domain orthogonal basis is generated to realize the digital vector signal to be received during the electro-optical sampling process. Orthogonal decomposition and waveform matching, after photoelectric conversion and electrical sampling, the demodulated digital sequence of 0 and 1 is output. This method specifically includes:

1) The signal processing module generates a test signal with all "1"s based on the pre-agreed configuration information such as code rate, code type, bandwidth and modulation format, received carrier signal, initial clock signal and other actual digital vector signals to be received, and passes the output terminal Send the configuration information to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, optical orthogonal basis generation module and electrical sampling module respectively;

2) The optical pulse shaping generation module generates a shaped optical pulse sequence based on the modulation format, code type and clock signal configuration. The time domain shape of the sequence is the same and in phase with the time domain shape of the codeword sent by the digital baseband signal to be received, and the repetition period is equal to the test signal. The reciprocal of the code rate;

3) The optical orthogonal basis generation module generates an optical domain orthogonal basis of corresponding frequency according to the received carrier signal, converts the shaped optical pulse sequence into the Fourier transform of the time domain shape of the two signals, and is orthogonal to each other, and the center frequency is the same as the one to be received. The digital signal has a sampling optical pulse signal with the same carrier frequency. The two sampling optical pulse signals pass through two electro-optical sampling modules to sample the digital radio frequency signal modulated to the corresponding transmission carrier frequency, and then are converted into electrical signals through a photoelectric converter;

4) The electrical sampling module samples the electrical signal in each symbol period according to the clock signal, and the digital results collected are sent to the signal processing module, and the signal processing module records the digital results;

5) The signal processing module adjusts the clock signal using each value in the sequence according to the sequence of delay fine-tuning amounts and sends the adjusted clock signal to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module and electrical sampling module, and performs step 2) ~4);

6) One-to-one correspondence between the several digital results obtained and the sequence of delay fine-tuning amounts, obtain the mean value of the digital results, select the delay fine-tuning amount corresponding to the largest digital result as the initial delay amount, and introduce the initial delay amount into the initial clock sequence and use the adjusted clock signal as the clock signal of the actual digital signal to be received;

7) Send the actual code rate, bandwidth and modulation format of the signal to be received to generate the optical pulse shaping signal, receive carrier signal, and clock signal to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, optical orthogonal basis generation module and electrical sampling module, and start receiving For the digital signal sent, the average value of the digital results output by the electrical sampling module is set as the decision threshold, and the received result is compared with the decision threshold. If it is greater than the average value, 1 is output, otherwise 0 is output; according to the agreed digital vector signal modulation format Perform parallel-serial conversion on the output result to recover the digital code.

The invention is described in detail below through embodiments. The device structure is shown in Figure 3, including a configurable optical pulse shaping and generating module 1. The configurable optical pulse shaping and generating module 1 includes a mode-locked laser 1-1 and a tunable light Filter 1-2; along the signal output direction of the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module 1, there are programmable optical filter 2 as the optical orthogonal basis generation module, electro-optical modulators 3-1, 3-2, and photoelectric conversion. Devices 4-1, 4-2, electrical sampling module 5, and signal processing module 6. The signal processing module 6 includes a decision unit 6-1 and a data storage and processing module 6-2; the data storage and processing module 6-2 includes a configuration unit, a clock The output terminals of the adjustment unit and the configuration unit are respectively connected to the control terminals of the mode-locked laser 1-1, the tunable optical filter 1-2, the programmable optical filter 2, the electrical sampling module 5 and the decision device 6-1.

The bandwidth of the photoelectric converters 4-1, 4-1, the electrical sampling module 5 and the determiner 6-1 is not less than the frequency domain of the Fourier transform of the optical pulse time domain profile generated by the configurable optical pulse sequence generator 1 bandwidth.

The control terminals of the mode-locked laser 1-1 and the electrical sampling module 5 receive control commands sent by the configuration unit, so that the sampling rate of the electrical sampling module 5 is consistent with the repetition frequency of the optical pulse sequence output by the mode-locked laser 1-1 The same, and sampled at the peak of the electrical pulse.

The configurable optical pulse shaping and generating module 1 is controlled by the configuration unit and generates an optical pulse sequence that matches the digital baseband signal to be received according to the code rate and transmission code pattern of the digital signal to be received; the optical pulse generated by the configurable optical pulse shaping and generating module 1 The repetition frequency of the sequence is equal to the code rate of the digital signal to be received, and the time domain shape of the optical pulse is proportional to the pattern of the digital signal to be received; the optical pulse sequence generated by the mode-locked laser 1-1 is determined by the sampling clock of the configuration unit; tunable optical filtering The time domain impulse response of device 1-2 is controlled by the configuration unit according to the pattern of the digital signal to be received. The impulse response p _s (t) is proportional to the transmitted time domain pattern s _i (t) of the code word and satisfies the relationship p _s (t)=Ks _i (t), K is a constant.

The programmable optical filter 2 works in single input-dual output mode, and the time domain impulse response of the output two channels is a single tone signal of the same frequency and orthogonality, that is, the time domain impulse response of one channel is a sinusoidal function, and the time domain impulse response of the other channel is a sinusoidal function. The time domain impulse response is a cosine function with the same frequency, and the frequency of the time domain impulse response is the carrier frequency of the digital vector signal to be received input by the configuration unit.

The electrical sampling module 5 samples the input signal at the sampling time according to the clock signal input by the configuration unit and sends the sampling results to the decider 6-1 and the clock adjustment unit respectively. The decider 6-1 makes a decision on the sampling results according to the decision threshold. .

The clock adjustment unit generates the sampling clock of the electrical sampling module 5 according to the code rate of the digital signal to be received, and at the same time fine-tunes the sampling clock within one symbol period to ensure that the digital signal to be received in the electro-optical modulator is consistent with the configurable optical pulse generation module 1 The generated optical sampling signals have the same phase, and the electrical sampling module 5 samples at the highest point of the electrical pulse.

The above-described embodiments are only preferred specific implementations of the present invention, and ordinary changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device, characterized in that it includes a configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, an optical orthogonal basis generation module, an electro-optical sampling module, a photoelectric converter, an electrical sampling module and a signal processing module connected in series module, the output end of the signal processing module is connected to the control end of the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, the optical orthogonal basis generation module and the electrical sampling module; The configurable optical pulse shaping generation module generates a shaped optical pulse sequence that matches the digital baseband signal to be received based on the code rate, code pattern, and clock information of the digital vector signal to be received; According to the carrier frequency and modulation format of the digital vector signal to be received, the optical orthogonal basis generation module converts the shaped optical pulse sequence into the Fourier transforms of the time domain shapes of the two signals, which are orthogonal to each other, and the center frequency is orthogonal to each other. Receive the sampled optical pulse signal with the same carrier frequency of the digital signal; The two electro-optical sampling modules are respectively connected to the two output ends of the optical orthogonal basis generation module. The two orthogonal sampling optical pulse signals are sampled from the radio frequency signal to be received and sent to the respective connected photoelectric converters for conversion into electrical signals; The two electrical sampling modules are respectively connected to a photoelectric converter, the electrical signal is sent to the electrical sampling module, peak sampling is performed based on the clock information, and the sampling results are sent to the signal processing module; The signal processing module sends the code rate, code type, bandwidth, modulation format, received carrier signal, and clock signal of the digital vector signal to be received to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, optical orthogonal base generation module, and electrical sampling module, and based on The received sampling results are judged, and the received judgment results are converted from parallel to serial based on the modulation format to recover the binary digital code. 2. A digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the signal processing module includes a configuration unit, a clock adjustment unit, and a decision generation unit; The configuration unit is used to set the code rate, code type, bandwidth, modulation format, received carrier signal, and clock signal of the digital vector signal to be received, and send the above information to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module and the optical orthogonal base generation module and electrical sampling module; The clock adjustment unit is used to determine the initial delay amount of the clock signal, send the clock information fine-tuned according to the initial delay amount to the configuration unit, update the clock information in the configuration unit, and enable the electrical sampling module to sample the peak value of the electrical signal. ; The decision generation unit makes a decision on the sampling result obtained after using the fine-tuned clock signal and the set threshold, and performs parallel-serial conversion on the received decision result based on the modulation format to recover the binary digital code. 3. A digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device according to claim 2, characterized in that the clock adjustment unit determines the initial delay amount of the clock signal, and the method for determining the initial delay amount is: Design test signals with the same amplitude. The code rate, code pattern, bandwidth, modulation format, received carrier signal, clock signal of the test signal and the code rate, code pattern, bandwidth, modulation format, received carrier signal, and clock of the actual signal to be received. The signals are the same; Establish a sequence of delay fine-tuning amounts with increasing values, and take the values in the sequence as fine-tuning amounts to fine-tune the clock signal. After each fine-tuning, perform the following processing: Send the code rate, code type, bandwidth, modulation format, received carrier signal, and clock signal of the test signal to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, optical orthogonal basis generation module, and electrical sampling module; The optical pulse shaping generation module generates a shaped optical pulse sequence. After the shaped optical pulse sequence is sequentially processed by the optical orthogonal basis generation module, the electro-optical sampling module, the photoelectric converter, and the electrical sampling module, the sampling results are sent to the clock adjustment unit; Compare the sampling results obtained after each fine-tuning, and obtain the fine-tuning amount corresponding to the maximum value as the initial delay amount of the final clock signal. 4. A digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device according to claim 3, characterized in that the decision generating unit uses the average value of each sampling result after the communication is started as the set threshold for the decision. 5. A digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device according to claim 3, characterized in that the delay fine-tuning sequence covers a complete symbol period of the digital signal to be received. 6. A digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the repetition period of the shaped optical pulse sequence generated by the configurable optical pulse shaping generating module is equal to the code rate of the digital signal to be received. Reciprocally, the time domain shape of the shaped optical pulse sequence is the same and in phase with the transmitted time domain shape of the digital signal codeword to be received. 7. A digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sampling period of the electro-optical sampling module is the same as the time interval of the shaped optical pulse generated by the configurable optical pulse shaping generating module. 8. A digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bandwidth of the photoelectric converter and the electrical sampling module is not less than the light generated by the configurable optical pulse shaping generating module. The bandwidth of the Fourier transform of the pulse's time-domain profile. 9. A digital vector signal optical domain matching receiving method, characterized by including: 1) Use the test signal as the signal to be received, and send the code rate, code type, bandwidth, modulation format, received carrier signal, and clock signal of the signal to be received to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, optical orthogonal basis generation module, and electrical Sampling module; signal processing module generates incremental delay fine-tuning sequence; 2) The optical pulse shaping generation module generates a shaped optical pulse sequence based on the modulation format, code type and clock signal configuration. The time domain shape of the sequence is the same as the time domain shape of the codeword sent by the signal to be received and is in phase. The repetition period is equal to the test signal code rate. the reciprocal; 3) The optical orthogonal basis generation module generates an optical domain orthogonal basis of corresponding frequency according to the received carrier signal, converts the shaped optical pulse sequence into the Fourier transform of the time domain shape of the two signals, and is orthogonal to each other, and the center frequency is the same as the one to be received. The digital signal's carrier frequency is the same sampled optical pulse signal. The two sampled optical pulse signals are sampled by the electro-optical sampling module to be received and then converted into electrical signals by the photoelectric converter; 4) The electrical sampling module samples the electrical signal in each symbol period according to the clock signal, and the digital results collected are sent to the signal processing module, and the signal processing module records the digital results; 5) The signal processing module sorts the delay fine-tuning amount sequence, adjusts the clock signal with each value in the sequence, and sends the adjusted clock signal to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module and electrical sampling module, and performs step 2) ~4); 6) One-to-one correspondence between the several digital results obtained and the delay fine-tuning sequence, obtain the mean value of the digital results, select the delay fine-tuning amount corresponding to the largest digital result, introduce the delay fine-tuning amount into the initial clock sequence and adjust the The clock signal is used as the clock signal of the actual digital signal to be received; 7) Send the actual code rate, bandwidth and modulation format of the signal to be received to generate the optical pulse shaping signal, receive carrier signal, and clock signal to the configurable optical pulse shaping generation module, optical orthogonal basis generation module and electrical sampling module, and start receiving For the digital signal sent, the average value of the digital results output by the electrical sampling module is set as the decision threshold, and the received result is compared with the decision threshold. If it is greater than the average value, 1 is output, otherwise 0 is output; according to the agreed digital vector signal The modulation format performs parallel-serial conversion on the output result and recovers the digital code.