CN117326766A - Application of plasma coupled peracetic acid to remove heavy metal pollutants from sludge - Google Patents
Application of plasma coupled peracetic acid to remove heavy metal pollutants from sludge Download PDFInfo
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- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 30
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001723 carbon free-radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/006—Electrochemical treatment, e.g. electro-oxidation or electro-osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/22—Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/10—Solids, e.g. total solids [TS], total suspended solids [TSS] or volatile solids [VS]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了等离子体耦合过氧乙酸去除污泥中重金属污染物的应用，包括以下步骤：(1)向含有重金属污染物的污泥中加入过氧乙酸，得到含有过氧乙酸的污泥；(2)对步骤(1)所得含有过氧乙酸的污泥进行等离子体处理；(3)泥水分离，获得处理后的污泥。本发明中等离子体处理与过氧乙酸有显著协同作用，二者联用可显著提高单独过氧乙酸处理和单独等离子体处理对污泥中重金属污染物铬和铅的去除效果。本发明的方法操作简便、无二次污染、工业化应用前景大。
The invention discloses the application of plasma-coupled peracetic acid to remove heavy metal pollutants in sludge, which includes the following steps: (1) adding peracetic acid to sludge containing heavy metal pollutants to obtain sludge containing peracetic acid; (2) Perform plasma treatment on the sludge containing peracetic acid obtained in step (1); (3) Separate mud and water to obtain treated sludge. Plasma treatment and peracetic acid in the present invention have a significant synergistic effect, and their combination can significantly improve the removal effects of peracetic acid treatment alone and plasma treatment alone on heavy metal pollutants chromium and lead in sludge. The method of the invention is simple to operate, has no secondary pollution, and has great industrial application prospects.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及固体废弃物处理技术领域，特别是涉及等离子体耦合过氧乙酸去除污泥中重金属污染物的应用。The present invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and in particular to the application of plasma coupled peracetic acid to remove heavy metal pollutants in sludge.
背景技术Background technique
污水处理厂在废水处理过程中，污水中的部分有毒有害物质会随着颗粒物的去除转移到污泥中，最终以剩余污泥(污泥)的形式外排。剩余污泥成分复杂，具有“污染”和“资源”的双重特性，除了富含碳水化合物、蛋白质等可利用资源外，其中也包含由污水处理过程所富集的重金属。During the wastewater treatment process in sewage treatment plants, some toxic and harmful substances in the sewage will be transferred to the sludge as particulate matter is removed, and will eventually be discharged as residual sludge (sludge). The remaining sludge has complex composition and has the dual characteristics of "pollution" and "resource". In addition to being rich in available resources such as carbohydrates and proteins, it also contains heavy metals enriched by the sewage treatment process.
污泥的处置方式主要有填埋、焚烧、倒海和农业利用等，污泥中含有丰富的植物营养元素氮、磷、钾和有机质，可制成肥料，作为农业利用，最为经济可行。但目前污泥的利用率不高，重要原因是污水处理厂产生的污泥中的重金属含量较高，Cr、Pb等元素常常超标，重金属的存在很大程度上限制了污泥资源化利用，会造成资源浪费。如果未进行任何无害化处理，污泥中的重金属不及时处理就进行堆放或填埋，重金属的浸出会污染土地、河川、湖泊和地下水，造成二次污染，存在较大的环境风险问题。The main disposal methods of sludge include landfill, incineration, dumping into the sea and agricultural utilization. The sludge is rich in plant nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter, which can be made into fertilizer and used in agriculture, which is the most economically feasible. However, the current utilization rate of sludge is not high. The important reason is that the heavy metal content in the sludge produced by sewage treatment plants is relatively high, and elements such as Cr and Pb often exceed standards. The presence of heavy metals greatly limits the resource utilization of sludge. It will cause a waste of resources. If no harmless treatment is carried out and the heavy metals in the sludge are piled or landfilled without timely treatment, the leaching of heavy metals will pollute the land, rivers, lakes and groundwater, causing secondary pollution and posing greater environmental risks.
目前污泥中重金属的去除技术主要有化学浸出法、生物淋滤法、电化学法等，化学浸出法操作繁杂、成本较高，且部分化学试剂会造成二次污染(如无机酸造成酸污染，螯合剂残留造成污染)，生物淋滤法处理周期较长，电化学法常存在阴极区沉淀、电极板腐蚀和钝化等问题而限制其工业化应用。随着城市的快速发展，我国剩余污泥产量规模不断扩大，污泥处理处置将极大地增加污水厂的处理成本，因此需要一种兼顾到经济效益和环境生态效益去除污泥中重金属污染物的方法。At present, the technologies for removing heavy metals from sludge mainly include chemical leaching, biological leaching, electrochemical methods, etc. Chemical leaching is complicated to operate and costly, and some chemical reagents can cause secondary pollution (such as acid pollution caused by inorganic acids). , pollution caused by chelating agent residue), the biological leaching method has a long processing cycle, and the electrochemical method often has problems such as precipitation in the cathode area, corrosion and passivation of the electrode plate, which limits its industrial application. With the rapid development of cities, the scale of my country's surplus sludge production continues to expand. Sludge treatment and disposal will greatly increase the treatment costs of sewage plants. Therefore, a method for removing heavy metal pollutants in sludge that takes into account both economic and environmental ecological benefits is needed. method.
发明内容Contents of the invention
发明目的：本发明旨在提供一种等离子体耦合过氧乙酸去除污泥中重金属污染物的应用，以解决上述现有技术存在的问题。Purpose of the invention: The present invention aims to provide an application for plasma-coupled peracetic acid to remove heavy metal pollutants in sludge, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.
技术方案：等离子体耦合过氧乙酸去除污泥中重金属污染物的应用。Technical solution: Application of plasma coupled peracetic acid to remove heavy metal pollutants in sludge.
进一步地，所述重金属污染物为铬或铅。Further, the heavy metal contaminant is chromium or lead.
进一步地，所述重金属污染物为铬和铅。Further, the heavy metal contaminants are chromium and lead.
进一步地，所述污泥为市政污水处理厂二沉池的污泥，所述污泥的TS值为3～20g/L。Further, the sludge is sludge from a secondary sedimentation tank of a municipal sewage treatment plant, and the TS value of the sludge is 3 to 20 g/L.
进一步地，所述污泥中过氧乙酸的浓度为5～100mg/gVSS；所述等离子体是用大气压射流式低温等离子体(APPJ)处理。过氧乙酸浓度过低，生成的碳自由基浓度过小，不利于污染物的去除；过氧乙酸浓度过高，会与目标污染物竞争等离子体产生的电子，并且随着过氧乙酸投加量的增加，溶液pH值降低，不利于处理后的溶液的酸碱平衡。Further, the concentration of peracetic acid in the sludge is 5-100 mg/gVSS; the plasma is treated with atmospheric pressure jet low-temperature plasma (APPJ). If the concentration of peracetic acid is too low, the concentration of carbon free radicals generated is too small, which is not conducive to the removal of pollutants; if the concentration of peracetic acid is too high, it will compete with the target pollutants for the electrons generated by the plasma, and as peracetic acid is added As the amount increases, the pH value of the solution decreases, which is not conducive to the acid-base balance of the treated solution.
进一步地，所述污泥中过氧乙酸的浓度优选为25mg/gVSS。Further, the concentration of peracetic acid in the sludge is preferably 25 mg/gVSS.
进一步地，所述等离子体的放电电流为1～4A。输出功率过低时，电场强度低，电子密度低，不利于活化过氧乙酸生成碳自由基、羟基自由基等；而输出功率过高时，大量能量以热量形式散失，能量利用效率降低，不利于高效节能地降解污染物。Further, the discharge current of the plasma is 1 to 4A. When the output power is too low, the electric field intensity is low and the electron density is low, which is not conducive to the activation of peracetic acid to generate carbon free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals, etc.; when the output power is too high, a large amount of energy is lost in the form of heat, and the energy utilization efficiency is reduced, resulting in no Conducive to the efficient and energy-saving degradation of pollutants.
进一步地，所述等离子体的放电电流优选为2.6A。Further, the discharge current of the plasma is preferably 2.6A.
进一步地，所述等离子体处理时间为1～30分钟。处理时间过短，污染物降解率偏低；处理时间过长，会使处理后的溶液温度超过环境温度，造成热污染，并且处理时间越长，处理后的溶液pH越低，会造成酸污染。Further, the plasma treatment time is 1 to 30 minutes. If the treatment time is too short, the degradation rate of pollutants will be low; if the treatment time is too long, the temperature of the treated solution will exceed the ambient temperature, causing thermal pollution. And the longer the treatment time, the lower the pH of the treated solution, which will cause acid pollution. .
进一步地，所述等离子体处理时间优选为2分钟。Further, the plasma treatment time is preferably 2 minutes.
进一步地，包括以下步骤：Further, include the following steps:
(1)向含有重金属污染物的污泥中加入过氧乙酸，得到含有过氧乙酸的污泥；(1) Add peracetic acid to sludge containing heavy metal pollutants to obtain sludge containing peracetic acid;
(2)对步骤(1)所得含有过氧乙酸的污泥进行等离子体处理；(2) Perform plasma treatment on the sludge containing peracetic acid obtained in step (1);
(3)泥水分离，获得处理后的污泥。(3) Separate mud and water to obtain treated sludge.
进一步地，在步骤(2)中进行等离子体处理的同时对污泥进行搅拌。Further, in step (2), the sludge is stirred while performing plasma treatment.
进一步地，在步骤(2)中采用磁力搅拌器对污泥进行搅拌。Further, in step (2), a magnetic stirrer is used to stir the sludge.
有益效果：Beneficial effects:
1)本发明的方法工艺简单，操作方法简便，只需加入过氧乙酸后把需要处理的污泥放入容器中，调整相应输入电压、电流进行大气压射流式低温等离子体放电即可，在实际的应用中可操作性强，适合工业化应用；1) The method of the present invention has a simple process and a simple operation method. It only needs to add peracetic acid, put the sludge to be treated into a container, adjust the corresponding input voltage and current to perform atmospheric pressure jet low-temperature plasma discharge. In practice, It has strong operability in applications and is suitable for industrial applications;
2)本发明中等离子体处理与过氧乙酸有显著协同作用，二者联用可显著提高单独过氧乙酸处理和单独等离子体处理对污泥中重金属污染物铬和铅的去除效果；2) Plasma treatment and peracetic acid in the present invention have a significant synergistic effect. The combination of the two can significantly improve the removal effect of peracetic acid treatment alone and plasma treatment alone on heavy metal pollutants chromium and lead in sludge;
3)本发明的处理方法反应时间短，去除效率高，污泥中重金属铅的浓度为3.85mg/kg时，仅需处理2分钟，对铅的去除率达到了99.7％；本发明使用的过氧乙酸便宜易得，较短的处理时间可进一步降低能耗，处理成本较低，具有经济效益；3) The treatment method of the present invention has a short reaction time and high removal efficiency. When the concentration of heavy metal lead in the sludge is 3.85mg/kg, it only needs 2 minutes of treatment, and the lead removal rate reaches 99.7%; the process used in the present invention Oxyacetic acid is cheap and easy to obtain, and its shorter processing time can further reduce energy consumption, lower processing costs, and has economic benefits;
4)本发明处理过程中不产生有毒副产物，低温等离子体处理过程产生的电子、自由基等不会对环境造成二次污染，处理方法对环境无害，具有环保效益。4) No toxic by-products are produced during the treatment process of the present invention. The electrons, free radicals, etc. generated during the low-temperature plasma treatment process will not cause secondary pollution to the environment. The treatment method is harmless to the environment and has environmental benefits.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为实施例1和对比例1-3在处理后污泥中重金属Cr和Pb的含量比较图。Figure 1 is a comparison chart of the contents of heavy metals Cr and Pb in the treated sludge of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
在此，需要说明的是，为了避免因不必要的细节而模糊了本发明，在附图中仅仅示出了与本发明的方案密切相关的结构和/或处理步骤，而省略了与本发明关系不大的其他细节。Here, it should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the solution of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and the details related to the present invention are omitted. Other details that are less relevant.
以下各实施例和对比例中，如无特别说明原料或处理技术，则表明所采用的均为本领域的常规市售原料产品或常规处理技术。In the following examples and comparative examples, if there is no special description of raw materials or processing techniques, it means that conventional commercially available raw material products or conventional processing techniques in this field are used.
以下实施例和对比例中所使用的剩余污泥均取自上海市某市政污水处理厂的二沉池。该厂采用倒置A/A/O脱氮除磷工艺，处理规模为13.8万m3/d，服务人口约70万。取回的污泥较为稀薄且含有较多杂质，需静置沉降约4小时后，利用虹吸法将上清液导出并收集，再通过钢制筛网过滤沉降后的浓缩污泥，以去除砂砾、浮渣等大颗粒无机物。测定浓缩过滤后的污泥的总固体浓度(TS)，并用上清液稀释调节至15g/L，控制污泥的TS值在误差范围内相等。将这种经浓度控制统一的污泥作为以下实施例和对比例中的原污泥。The remaining sludge used in the following examples and comparative examples was taken from the secondary sedimentation tank of a municipal sewage treatment plant in Shanghai. The plant adopts the inverted A/A/O denitrification and phosphorus removal process, with a treatment scale of 138,000 m 3 /d and a service population of approximately 700,000. The retrieved sludge is thinner and contains more impurities. It needs to be left to settle for about 4 hours. The supernatant is drained out and collected using the siphon method. The settled concentrated sludge is then filtered through a steel screen to remove gravel. , scum and other large particles of inorganic matter. Determine the total solid concentration (TS) of the concentrated and filtered sludge, dilute it with the supernatant and adjust it to 15g/L, and control the TS value of the sludge to be equal within the error range. This sludge unified by concentration control was used as the original sludge in the following examples and comparative examples.
以下实施例和对比例中使用的仪器设备型号如下：The equipment models used in the following examples and comparative examples are as follows:
射流式低温等离子体仪PSPT-JSP1-10南京珀斯佩特电子科技有限公司Jet low-temperature plasma instrument PSPT-JSP1-10Nanjing Postpet Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.
磁力搅拌器84-1A上海司乐仪器有限公司Magnetic stirrer 84-1A Shanghai Sile Instrument Co., Ltd.
为使等离子体射流反应不过于剧烈，避免能量的浪费，将射流式低温等离子体装置的各项参数与反应体系需处理的污泥量(200mL)进行适配，确定了气体流速(8.6m/s)、气体流量管(26L/min，气体输送直径为8mm)、电流(2.6A)和磁力搅拌转速(150r/min)。为控制变量，使以下实施例和对比例中等离子体羽形态基本一致，均采用上述设备参数。In order to prevent the plasma jet reaction from being too violent and avoid wasting energy, the parameters of the jet-type low-temperature plasma device were adapted to the amount of sludge that the reaction system needs to process (200mL), and the gas flow rate (8.6m/ s), gas flow tube (26L/min, gas delivery diameter is 8mm), current (2.6A) and magnetic stirring speed (150r/min). In order to control variables so that the plasma plume shapes in the following examples and comparative examples are basically the same, the above equipment parameters are adopted.
实施例1Example 1
取污泥液体200mL，加入过氧乙酸，使污泥液体中过氧乙酸的浓度为25mg/gVSS，接着对污泥液体进行大气压射流式低温等离子体放电处理，放电电流为2.6A，放电处理过程中使用磁力搅拌器对污泥进行搅拌，处理2分钟后，进行泥水分离，得到处理后的污泥。Take 200mL of sludge liquid and add peracetic acid so that the concentration of peracetic acid in the sludge liquid is 25 mg/gVSS. Then, perform atmospheric pressure jet low-temperature plasma discharge treatment on the sludge liquid. The discharge current is 2.6A. The discharge treatment process Use a magnetic stirrer to stir the sludge. After treatment for 2 minutes, separate the mud and water to obtain the treated sludge.
对比例1Comparative example 1
取污泥液体200mL，静置。Take 200mL of sludge liquid and let it stand.
对比例2Comparative example 2
取污泥液体200mL，加入过氧乙酸，使污泥液体中过氧乙酸的浓度为25mg/gVSS，随后使用磁力搅拌器进行搅拌，处理2分钟后，进行泥水分离，得到处理后的污泥。Take 200 mL of sludge liquid and add peracetic acid so that the concentration of peracetic acid in the sludge liquid is 25 mg/gVSS. Then use a magnetic stirrer to stir. After 2 minutes of treatment, separate the mud and water to obtain the treated sludge.
对比例3Comparative example 3
取污泥液体200mL，对污泥液体进行大气压射流式低温等离子体放电处理，放电电流为2.6A，放电处理过程中使用磁力搅拌器对污泥进行搅拌，处理2分钟后，进行泥水分离，得到处理后的污泥。Take 200mL of sludge liquid and perform atmospheric pressure jet low-temperature plasma discharge treatment on the sludge liquid. The discharge current is 2.6A. During the discharge treatment, a magnetic stirrer is used to stir the sludge. After 2 minutes of treatment, the mud and water are separated to obtain Treated sludge.
如图1所示，图1示出了处理时间为2min，实施例1(APPJ/PAA)和对比例1(control)、对比例2(mono-PAA)、对比例3(mono-APPJ)在处理后污泥中重金属Cr和Pb的含量比较图，可知，与单独过氧乙酸和单独等离子体处理相比，等离子体耦合过氧乙酸处理污泥，污泥中重金属Cr和Pb的含量降低更为显著。As shown in Figure 1, Figure 1 shows that the processing time is 2 minutes. Example 1 (APPJ/PAA) and Comparative Example 1 (control), Comparative Example 2 (mono-PAA), and Comparative Example 3 (mono-APPJ) are Comparison of the contents of heavy metals Cr and Pb in the treated sludge. It can be seen that compared with peracetic acid alone and plasma treatment alone, plasma-coupled peracetic acid treatment of sludge reduces the contents of heavy metals Cr and Pb in the sludge. To be significant.
根据图1数据计算得到：处理时间为2min时，单独过氧乙酸对污泥中Cr的去除率为14.0％，单独等离子体处理对污泥中Cr的去除率为15.2％，等离子体耦合过氧乙酸去除污泥中重金属Cr的去除率为26.0％。相比较而言，等离子体耦合过氧乙酸去除污泥中重金属Cr的效果最佳。单独过氧乙酸对污泥中Pb的去除率为34.3％，单独等离子体处理对污泥中Pb的去除率为91.4％，等离子体耦合过氧乙酸去除污泥中重金属Pb的去除率为99.7％。相比较而言，等离子体耦合过氧乙酸去除污泥中重金属Pb的效果最佳。Calculated based on the data in Figure 1: when the treatment time is 2 minutes, the removal rate of Cr in sludge by peracetic acid alone is 14.0%, the removal rate of Cr in sludge by plasma treatment alone is 15.2%, and the removal rate of Cr in sludge by plasma coupled peroxygen The removal rate of heavy metal Cr in sludge with acetic acid was 26.0%. In comparison, plasma-coupled peracetic acid has the best effect in removing heavy metal Cr in sludge. The removal rate of Pb in sludge by peracetic acid alone is 34.3%, the removal rate of Pb in sludge by plasma treatment alone is 91.4%, and the removal rate of heavy metal Pb in sludge by plasma coupled peracetic acid is 99.7%. . In comparison, plasma coupled peracetic acid has the best effect in removing heavy metal Pb in sludge.
上述具体实施方式相对于现有技术获得了如下有益效果：The above-mentioned specific embodiments have achieved the following beneficial effects compared to the existing technology:
1)本发明的方法工艺简单，操作方法简便，只需加入过氧乙酸后把需要处理的污泥放入容器中，调整相应输入电压、电流进行大气压射流式低温等离子体放电即可，在实际的应用中可操作性强，适合工业化应用；1) The method of the present invention has a simple process and a simple operation method. It only needs to add peracetic acid and put the sludge to be treated into a container, adjust the corresponding input voltage and current to perform atmospheric pressure jet low-temperature plasma discharge. In practice, It has strong operability in applications and is suitable for industrial applications;
2)本发明中等离子体处理与过氧乙酸有显著协同作用，二者联用可显著提高单独过氧乙酸处理和单独等离子体处理对污泥中重金属污染物铬和铅的去除效果；2) Plasma treatment and peracetic acid in the present invention have a significant synergistic effect. The combination of the two can significantly improve the removal effect of peracetic acid treatment alone and plasma treatment alone on heavy metal pollutants chromium and lead in sludge;
3)本发明的处理方法反应时间短，去除效率高，污泥中重金属铅的浓度为3.85mg/kg时，仅需处理2分钟，对铅的去除率达到了99.7％；本发明使用的过氧乙酸便宜易得，较短的处理时间可进一步降低能耗，处理成本较低，具有经济效益；3) The treatment method of the present invention has a short reaction time and high removal efficiency. When the concentration of heavy metal lead in the sludge is 3.85mg/kg, it only needs 2 minutes of treatment, and the lead removal rate reaches 99.7%; the process used in the present invention Oxyacetic acid is cheap and easy to obtain, and its shorter processing time can further reduce energy consumption, lower processing costs, and has economic benefits;
4)本发明处理过程中不产生有毒副产物，低温等离子体处理过程产生的电子、自由基等不会对环境造成二次污染，处理方法对环境无害，具有环保效益。4) No toxic by-products are produced during the treatment process of the present invention. The electrons, free radicals, etc. generated during the low-temperature plasma treatment process will not cause secondary pollution to the environment. The treatment method is harmless to the environment and has environmental benefits.
尽管本发明就优选实施方式进行了示意和描述，但本领域的技术人员应当理解，只要不超出本发明的权利要求所限定的范围，可以对本发明进行各种变化和修改。Although the present invention has been illustrated and described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention as long as it does not exceed the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
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