CN117292605A - Be used for outer membrane pulmonary oxygenation exercise teaching device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills, which includes a human body model. A cavity is provided in the chest of the human body model. A simulated heart circulation pump is provided inside the cavity. The superior vena cava is provided inside the human body model. tube, thoracic aorta tube, inferior vena cava tube, abdominal aorta tube, right femoral vein tube, right femoral artery tube, left femoral artery tube, left femoral vein tube, right jugular vein tube, right carotid artery tube, left jugular vein tube and the left carotid artery tube, simulating the cardiac circulation pump and simultaneously connected to the superior vena cava tube, thoracic aorta tube, inferior vena cava tube, abdominal aorta tube, right jugular venous tube, left jugular venous tube, right carotid artery tube and The upper end of the left carotid artery tube and the lower ends of the right femoral vein tube, left femoral vein tube, left femoral artery tube and right femoral artery tube are respectively detachably connected with simulated needle tubes. The invention enables students to master the clinical operation of ECMO proficiently and at the same time facilitates the replacement of damaged pipelines.

Description

A teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical teaching models, and specifically relates to a teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills.

Background technique

ECMO is a medical emergency equipment, the English abbreviation of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, which is used to provide extracorporeal circulation and respiratory support to patients during decompensated heart and/or lung failure and cardiopulmonary surgery, such as Severe cardiopulmonary failure, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), heart transplantation, lung transplantation and other surgeries. In addition to temporarily replacing the patient's cardiopulmonary function and reducing the patient's cardiopulmonary burden, it can also buy more treatment time for medical staff.

The principle of ECMO is to draw venous blood from the body out of the body, oxygenate it through an artificial cardiopulmonary bypass made of special materials, and then inject it into the patient's arterial or venous system to partially replace the heart and lungs and maintain oxygenated blood supply to human organs and tissues. When ECMO is running, blood is drawn from the veins, absorbs oxygen through the membrane lung, and discharges carbon dioxide, simulating lung function and fully oxygenating the blood. When the patient's lung function is severely damaged and conventional treatments are ineffective, ECMO can take on the task of gas exchange, keeping the lungs in a resting state, and buying valuable time for the patient's recovery. Similarly, when the patient's cardiac function is severely damaged, the blood pump can replace the heart's pumping function and maintain blood circulation.

ECMO is used more and more frequently, but doctors lack clinical simulation training on ECMO in their daily training. Many intern doctors directly operate on patients for the first time, which is prone to serious complications due to improper operation. disease, resulting in poor treatment results and even fatal harm to the patient.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills.

In order to achieve the above objects, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

A teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills, including a human body model. A cavity is provided in the chest of the human body model. A simulated cardiac circulation pump is provided inside the cavity. A superior vena cava tube and a chest main body are provided inside the human body model. Arterial canal, inferior vena cava canal, abdominal aortic canal, right femoral venous canal, right femoral arterial canal, left femoral arterial canal, left femoral venous canal, right jugular venous canal, right carotid artery duct, left jugular venous canal and left jugular duct arterial tube;

The superior vena cava tube, thoracic aorta tube, inferior vena cava tube, abdominal aorta tube, right femoral vein tube, right femoral artery tube, left femoral artery tube, left femoral vein tube, right jugular vein tube, right carotid artery The tube, left jugular vein tube and left carotid artery tube are respectively distributed in the human body model according to the anatomical position of the human body, which more realistically simulates the distribution of blood vessels in the human body;

The simulated cardiac circulation pump is connected to the superior vena cava tube, thoracic aorta tube, inferior vena cava tube, and abdominal aorta tube at the same time, and the upper end of the superior vena cava tube is connected to the lower ends of the left jugular vein tube and the right jugular vein tube at the same time. , the upper end of the thoracic aorta is connected to the lower ends of the left carotid artery and the right carotid artery, the lower end of the inferior vena cava is connected to the left femoral vein and the right femoral vein, and the lower end of the abdominal aorta is connected to the left The femoral artery tube is connected to the right femoral artery tube, and the upper ends of the right jugular vein tube, the left jugular vein tube, the right carotid artery tube and the left carotid artery tube are detachably connected with a first simulated needle insertion tube, a fifth simulated needle insertion tube, and a sixth simulated needle insertion tube respectively. Simulated needle insertion tube and third simulated needle insertion tube. The lower ends of the right femoral vein tube, left femoral vein tube, left femoral artery tube and right femoral artery tube are detachably connected with the second simulated needle inserted tube, the seventh simulated needle inserted tube and the fourth simulated needle inserted tube respectively. A simulated needle tube and an eighth simulated needle tube.

Preferably, a controller is provided inside the cavity, and the controller is connected to the simulated cardiac circulation pump. A cover is hinged on the top of the cavity, a control panel is embedded in the surface of the cover, and a display screen is provided on the control panel. and multiple control buttons, and the display screen and multiple control buttons are connected to the controller.

Preferably, four openings are provided on the surface of the human body model, and the four openings are respectively located at the first simulated needle tube, the sixth simulated needle tube, the second simulated needle tube, the eighth simulated needle tube, and the third simulated needle tube. and the tops of the fifth simulated needle tube, the fourth simulated needle tube and the seventh simulated needle tube.

Preferably, transparent artificial skins are detachably provided at the four openings.

Preferably, a connection mechanism is provided between the right jugular vein tube and the first simulated needle tube. The connection mechanism includes a first connection mechanism and a second connection mechanism. The first connection mechanism includes a plurality of limiting rods and a plurality of limiters. position grooves, a plurality of limit rods are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction at the top of the wall of the right jugular vein tube, a plurality of limit grooves are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction at the bottom of the wall of the first simulated needle tube, the first simulated cannula The needle tube is inserted into the limiting rod on the right jugular vein tube through the limiting groove, and the second connecting mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the right jugular vein tube and the first simulated needle insertion tube.

Preferably, the second connection mechanism includes a first fixed ring, a second fixed ring, a third fixed ring, a limiting mechanism, a plurality of first elastic members, a plurality of second elastic members and a plurality of connecting rods. The first fixed ring is sleeved on the outside of the first simulated needle tube. A plurality of first elastic members are spaced between the first fixed ring and the first simulated needle tube in the circumferential direction. One end of each first elastic member is connected to the first simulated needle tube. The outer wall of a simulated needle tube is connected, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the first fixed ring. The second fixed ring is sleeved on the outside of the right jugular vein tube. A plurality of second elastic members are arranged on the second fixed ring at intervals along the circumferential direction. Between the ring and the right jugular vein tube, one end of each second elastic member is connected to the outer wall of the right jugular vein tube, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the second fixed ring. The third fixed ring is arranged on the second fixed ring. On the outside, a plurality of connecting rods are spaced apart in the circumferential direction between the third fixed ring and the second fixed ring. One end of each connecting rod is connected to the outer wall of the second fixed ring, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the third fixed ring. The limiting mechanism is connected between the first fixed ring and the third fixed ring.

Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a plurality of inclined notches, a plurality of limiting grooves, a plurality of limiting stops, a plurality of blocks and a plurality of third elastic members, and the plurality of notches are respectively opened in the first fixing ring. On the side wall near the interface of the first analog needle tube, a plurality of limiting grooves are respectively opened on the inner wall of the first fixed ring. The positions of the plurality of limiting grooves correspond to the positions of the plurality of notches. One end of the limit stopper is respectively hinged with the side wall of the third fixed ring near the right jugular vein tube interface, and the positions of the multiple limit stops correspond to the positions of the multiple limit grooves, and the multiple blocking blocks The third elastic member is disposed on the outer wall of the third fixed ring along the circumferential direction, and the positions of the plurality of blocking blocks correspond to the positions of the plurality of notches. The third elastic members are respectively disposed between the plurality of limiting stops and the second fixed ring. time, one end of each third elastic member is connected to the outer wall of the second fixed ring, and the other end is connected to the corresponding limiting stop.

Preferably, the superior vena cava tube, thoracic aorta tube, inferior vena cava tube, abdominal aorta tube, right femoral vein tube, right femoral artery tube, left femoral artery tube, left femoral vein tube, right jugular vein tube, Right carotid artery tube, left jugular vein tube, left carotid artery tube, first simulated needle tube, second simulated needle tube, third simulated needle tube, fourth simulated needle tube, fifth simulated needle tube, sixth simulated needle tube , the seventh simulated needle tube and the eighth simulated needle tube are made of elastic material.

Preferably, the elastic material is silicone.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills provided by the present invention simulates the cardiac circulation pump, superior vena cava tube, thoracic aorta tube, inferior vena cava tube, abdominal aorta tube, right femoral vein tube, and right femoral vein tube. The joint design of the arterial tube, left femoral artery tube, left femoral vein tube, right jugular vein tube, right carotid artery tube, left jugular vein tube and left carotid artery tube can truly simulate the distribution and operation of human blood flow. At the same time, through the combination The external ECMO host (including pump head membrane oxygenation) can simulate a variety of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation modes;

(2) By designing each pipeline as an elastic material, the present invention can realize automatic expansion and contraction of the pipeline diameter as the blood flow changes, thereby simulating the blood flow of the human body under conditions of sufficient blood flow and insufficient blood flow. The actual situation of flow circulation, and due to the superior vena cava tube, thoracic aorta tube, inferior vena cava tube, abdominal aorta tube, right femoral vein tube, right femoral artery tube, left femoral artery tube, left femoral vein tube, right jugular vein The tube, right carotid artery tube, left jugular vein tube and left carotid artery tube are all set according to the distribution of blood vessels in the human body, which can provide an intuitive demonstration of the location of blood vessels, facilitate students to understand the composition and location distribution of the blood circulation system, and stimulate students' curiosity. enthusiasm and curiosity for knowledge, which improves the quality of teaching;

(3) The present invention uses the first simulated needle tube, the second simulated needle tube, the third simulated needle tube, the fourth simulated needle tube, the fifth simulated needle tube, the sixth simulated needle tube, the seventh simulated needle tube and the eighth simulated needle tube. The design of the simulated needle tube, combined with the external ECMO host computer, can simulate the arterial and venous catheterization operations of ECMO, and at the same time, you can become familiar with the ECMO operation process such as getting on and off the machine;

(4) The present invention combines the first simulated needle tube, the second simulated needle tube, the third simulated needle tube, the fourth simulated needle tube, the fifth simulated needle tube, the sixth simulated needle tube, the seventh simulated needle tube and the third simulated needle tube. The eight simulated needle tubes are designed to be detachable and can be placed between the first simulated needle tube, the second simulated needle tube, the third simulated needle tube, the fourth simulated needle tube, the fifth simulated needle tube, the sixth simulated needle tube, and the seventh simulated needle tube. After multiple insertion operations of the needle tube and the eighth simulated needle tube, it is convenient to replace the first simulated needle tube, the second simulated needle tube, the third simulated needle tube and the fourth simulated needle tube;

(5) Through the insertion and extraction design of the limit groove and the limit rod, the present invention can quickly realize the connection and disassembly of each simulated needle tube and the corresponding simulated blood vessel, thereby improving the efficiency of teaching and training. And through the design of the second connection mechanism, the stable connection between each simulated needle tube and the corresponding simulated blood vessel can still be maintained even when the pipeline diameter is automatically expanded and contracted.

(6) Through the design of the display screen and multiple control buttons, the present invention can facilitate the adjustment of the power of the simulated heart circulation pump, and further facilitate the adjustment of the flow rate of the simulated blood flow, thereby better simulating changes in human blood flow. , and the blood flow velocity is displayed on the display screen for easy observation and adjustment.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills in use according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drill teaching device provided by the embodiment of the present invention in another use state;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drill teaching device provided by the embodiment of the present invention in another use state;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drill teaching device provided by the embodiment of the present invention in another use state;

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the connection mechanism of the first connection mechanism between the jugular vein tube and the first simulated needle tube in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of part A in Figure 7;

Figure 9 is a bottom bottom view of the first simulated needle tube in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the connection mechanism of the second connection mechanism between the jugular vein tube and the first simulated needle tube in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of part B in Figure 10;

In the picture: 1. Human body model; 2. Cavity; 3. Simulated cardiac circulation pump; 4. Main vein tube; 5. Aorta tube; 6. Femoral vein tube; 7. Femoral artery tube; 8. Jugular vein tube; 9. Carotid artery tube; 10. Three-way valve; 11. First simulated needle tube; 12. Second simulated needle tube; 13. Third simulated needle tube; 14. Fourth simulated needle tube; 15. Controller; 16 , cover; 17. Control panel; 18. Display screen; 19. Control buttons; 20. Opening; 21. Simulated skin; 22. Connection mechanism; 23. Limit rod; 24. Limit slot; 25. ECMO host; 26. Blood drainage catheter; 27. Blood return catheter; 28. Right carotid artery tube; 29. Sixth simulated needle insertion tube; 30. Left jugular vein tube; 31. Fifth simulated needle insertion tube; 32. Inferior vena cava tube; 33. Abdominal aorta tube; 34, right femoral artery tube; 35, eighth simulated needle insertion tube; 36, left femoral vein tube; 37, first fixed ring; 38, first elastic member; 39, second fixed ring; 40, Second elastic member; 41. Third fixed ring; 42. Connecting rod; 43. Block; 44. Notch; 45. Limit stopper; 46. Third elastic member; 47. Blocking groove.

Detailed ways

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth vertically. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosure, and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

As shown in Figures 1 to 11, an embodiment of the present invention provides a teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills, including a human body model 1. A cavity 2 is provided in the chest of the human body model 1, and the interior of the cavity 2 is provided There is a simulated cardiac circulation pump 3. The interior of the human body model 1 is provided with a superior vena cava tube 4, a thoracic aorta tube 5, an inferior vena cava tube 32, an abdominal aorta tube 33, a right femoral vein tube 6, a right femoral artery tube 34, Left femoral artery tube 7, left femoral vein tube 36, right jugular vein tube 8, right carotid artery tube 28, left jugular vein tube 30 and left carotid artery tube 9;

The superior vena cava tube 4, thoracic aorta tube 5, inferior vena cava tube 32, abdominal aorta tube 33, right femoral vein tube 6, right femoral artery tube 34, left femoral artery tube 7, left femoral vein tube 36, The right jugular vein tube 8, the right carotid artery tube 28, the left jugular vein tube 30 and the left carotid artery tube 9 are respectively distributed in the human body model 1 according to the anatomical positions of the human body;

The simulated cardiac circulation pump 3 is connected to the superior vena cava tube 4, the thoracic aorta tube 5, the inferior vena cava tube 32, and the abdominal aorta tube 33 at the same time. The upper end of the superior vena cava tube 4 is simultaneously connected to the left jugular vein tube 30 and the left jugular vein tube 30. The lower end of the right jugular vein tube 8 is connected, the upper end of the thoracic aorta tube 5 is connected to the lower ends of the left carotid artery tube 9 and the right carotid artery tube 28 at the same time, and the lower end of the inferior vena cava tube 32 is connected to the left femoral vein tube 36 and the right femoral vein tube at the same time. The venous tube 6 is connected, the lower end of the abdominal aorta tube 33 is connected to the left femoral artery tube 7 and the right femoral artery tube 34 at the same time, the right jugular tube 8, the left jugular tube 30, the right carotid artery tube 28 and the left carotid artery tube 9 The upper end of the first simulated needle tube 11, the fifth simulated needle tube 31, the sixth simulated needle tube 29 and the third simulated needle tube 13, the right femoral vein tube 6, the left femoral vein tube 36, the left femoral artery The second simulated needle tube 12, the seventh simulated needle tube 10, the fourth simulated needle tube 14 and the eighth simulated needle tube 35 are detachably connected to the lower ends of the tube 7 and the right femoral artery tube 34 respectively. In the embodiment of the present invention, the upper ends of the first simulated needle tube 11, the fifth simulated needle tube 31, the sixth simulated needle tube 29 and the third simulated needle tube 13, as well as the second simulated needle tube 12, the seventh simulated needle tube 10, The lower ends of the fourth simulated needle tube 14 and the eighth simulated needle tube 35 are both closed.

A controller 15 is provided inside the cavity 2, and the controller 15 is connected to the simulated cardiac circulation pump 3. A cover 16 is hinged on the top of the cavity 2, and a control panel 17 is embedded in the surface of the cover 16. The control panel The screen 17 is provided with a display screen 18 and a plurality of control buttons 19 , and the display screen 18 and the plurality of control buttons 19 are connected to the controller 15 . The plurality of control buttons 19 specifically include simulated blood flow velocity adjustment buttons, three-way valve opening and closing buttons, simulated heart circulation pump 3 opening and closing buttons, etc. The simulated heart circulation pump 3 specifically adopts an existing volumetric blood pump, including blood Bag and power part, etc., the controller 15 intelligently controls the display screen 18 and the simulated cardiac circulation pump 3.

When the present invention is applied to ECMO simulation training, students need to tie the blood catheter 26 to the first simulated needle tube 11, the second simulated needle tube 12, the fifth simulated needle tube 31 or the seventh simulated needle tube 10, and return the blood The catheter 27 is tied to other simulated needle tubes that can realize ECMO circulation to complete the ECMO vein-to-artery or vein-to-vein catheterization operation. After the catheter placement operation is completed, the ECMO host 25 is turned on to simulate the boarding process. The liquid in the external container is led to the ECMO host 25 through the blood drainage catheter 26. It is oxygenated by the oxygenator and removes carbon dioxide, and then injected into the artery of the human model 1 through the blood return catheter 27. Or vein, after the cycle is completed, get off the machine and pull out the catheters on the venous and arterial tubes. After such practical training, students can become proficient in the arterial and venous catheterization operations of ECMO, and at the same time be familiar with getting on and off the ECMO machine. Wait for the operation process.

When the human body model 1 of the present invention is used in ECMO simulation training, the first simulated needle tube 11 or the second simulated needle tube 12 can be used as the location for intravenous catheterization, and the sixth simulated needle tube 29 or the eighth simulated needle tube 35 can be used as the location for intravenous catheterization. As a site for arterial catheterization. Referring to Figure 3 , taking as an example a venous catheterization on the second simulated needle tube 12 and an arterial catheterization on the sixth simulated needle tube 29 , after the arterial needle catheterization and venous needle catheterization are completed, the ECMO host is then turned on. 25. The liquid in the external container is led out of the body from the blood drainage catheter 26 under the action of the ECMO pump, injected into the human body model 1 through the blood return catheter 27, and flows through the inferior vena cava tube 32, the right femoral vein tube 6, and the second simulated needle tube in sequence. 12. The blood drainage catheter 26 flows out of the human body model 1, and then passes through the ECMO host 25 circuit outside the human body model 1 through the blood return catheter 27, the sixth simulated needle tube 29, the right carotid artery tube 28, the thoracic aorta tube 5, and simulated cardiac circulation. Pump 3 then injects into human body model 1. After the cycle is completed, get off the machine and pull out the needles on the venous and arterial tubes.

The teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills provided by the embodiment of the present invention can also be used for lung replacement simulation, as shown in Figure 4, specifically by using the first simulated needle tube 11 and the second simulated needle tube 12 as intravenous implants respectively. position of the tube, after the two venous needles are placed, the ECMO host 25 is turned on, and the liquid in the external container is led out of the body from the blood drainage catheter 26 under the action of the ECMO pump, passes through the blood return catheter 27, and is injected by the first simulation needle tube 11 The human body model 1 flows out of the human body model 1 through the inferior vena cava tube 32, the right femoral vein tube 6, the second simulation needle tube 12, and the blood drainage catheter 26, and then through the ECMO host 25 outside the human body model 1, the blood is fully Gas exchange (blood oxygenation and carbon dioxide elimination), the circuit passes through the blood return catheter 27, the first simulated needle tube 11, the right jugular vein tube 8, the superior vena cava tube 4, the simulated cardiac circulation pump 3 and then into the human body model 1. After the cycle is completed Get off the machine and pull out the needles from the two intravenous tubes.

The teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills provided by the embodiment of the present invention can also be used for heart replacement simulation, as shown in Figure 5. Specifically, the eighth simulation needle tube 35 is used as the position of arterial catheterization, and the second simulation The needle tube 12 is used as the position for venous catheterization. After the arterial needle catheterization and venous needle catheterization are completed, the ECMO host 25 is turned on, and the blood of the simulated human body is led out from the inferior vena cava 32 through the second simulated needle tube 12 under the action of the ECMO pump. The venous blood is led out of the body through the blood drainage catheter 26, and is fully oxygenated by the membrane lung of the ECMO host 25, and then returns to the right femoral artery 34 and abdominal aorta 33 through the blood return catheter 27 and the eighth simulated needle tube 35, and is injected into the human body model 1 , sequentially flows through the inferior vena cava tube 32, the right femoral vein tube 6, the second simulation needle tube 12, and the blood drainage catheter 26 and flows out of the human body model 1, and then passes through the ECMO host 25 circuit outside the human body model 1 through the blood return catheter 27, and the blood drainage catheter 26. Eight simulated needle tubes 35, right femoral artery tube 34, abdominal aorta tube 33, and simulated cardiac circulation pump 3 are then injected into the human body model 1. After the circulation is completed, get off the machine and pull out the needles on the venous tube and arterial tube.

The teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills provided by the embodiment of the present invention can also realize heart replacement simulation in another way, as shown in Figure 6, specifically by using the eighth simulation needle tube 35 as an arterial cannula. position, with the second simulated needle tube 12 and the first simulated needle tube 11 jointly used as the position for intravenous catheterization, and then connect the two tubes for intravenous catheterization through a tee, and connect the other end of the tee with The blood-guiding catheter 26 is connected. After the arterial needle cannulation and venous needle cannulation are completed, the ECMO host 25 is turned on. The liquid in the external container is led out of the body from the blood-guiding catheter 26 under the action of the ECMO pump, and is injected into the human body model through the blood return catheter 27 1. The liquid flowing through the inferior vena cava tube 32, the right femoral vein tube 6, the second simulated needle tube 12, the superior vena cava tube 4, the right jugular vein tube 8, and the first simulated needle tube 11 flows out through the blood drainage catheter 26 The human body model 1 then performs oxygenation and pump head driving through the membrane lung of the ECMO host 25 outside the human body model 1. The circuit passes through the blood return catheter 27, the eighth simulated needle tube 35, the right femoral artery tube 34, and the abdominal aorta tube 33. . Inject the simulated cardiac circulation pump 3 into the human body model 1. After the circulation is completed, get off the machine and pull out the needles on the venous and arterial tubes.

The teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills provided by the embodiment of the present invention can also perform other ECMO arterial and venous catheterization operations, as long as the right femoral vein tube 6, the left femoral vein tube 36, the right jugular vein tube 8 and the left The jugular vein tube 30 is inserted into the blood drainage catheter 26 to draw blood; the right femoral artery tube 34, the left femoral artery tube 7, the right carotid artery tube 28, the left carotid artery tube 9, the right jugular vein tube 8 and the left jugular vein tube 30 are inserted into the blood return catheter 27 blood is enough.

The embodiment of the present invention can simulate the distribution and operation of real human blood flow as much as possible through the design of multiple pipelines. At the same time, by combining with an external ECMO host (including pump head membrane lung), it can simulate a variety of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation modes. .

Four openings 20 are provided on the surface of the human body model 1. The four openings 20 are respectively located at the first simulated needle tube 11, the sixth simulated needle tube 29, the second simulated needle tube 12, the eighth simulated needle tube 35, the third simulated needle tube 12, the eighth simulated needle tube 35, and the third simulated needle tube 12. The top of the needle tube 13 and the fifth simulated needle tube 31 , the fourth simulated needle tube 14 and the seventh simulated needle tube 10 .

Transparent artificial skins 21 are detachably provided at the four openings 20 respectively. The simulated skin in the embodiment of the present invention is detachably connected to the opening 20 through Velcro. Specifically, the simulated skin 21 is provided with Velcro rough edges around the top, and the surface of the human body model 1 is provided with Velcro around the top of the opening 20. On the sticky surface, the simulated skin 21 is bonded to the Velcro sticky surface on the human body model 1 through the Velcro rough surface to cover the opening 20. In practice, other connection methods such as zippers can also be used to achieve detachability.

A connecting mechanism 22 is provided between the right jugular vein tube 8 and the first simulated needle tube 11. The connecting mechanism 22 includes a first connecting mechanism and a second connecting mechanism. The first connecting mechanism includes a plurality of limiting rods 23 and a plurality of limiting positions. groove 24, a plurality of limiting rods 23 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction at the top of the wall of the right jugular vein tube 8, and a plurality of limiting grooves 24 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction at the bottom of the wall of the first simulated needle tube 11, The first simulated needle insertion tube 11 is inserted into the limiting rod 23 on the right jugular vein tube 8 through the limiting groove 24, and the second connecting mechanism is provided on the outer walls of the right jugular vein tube 8 and the first simulated needle insertion tube 11.

The positions of the plurality of limiting rods 23 correspond to the positions of the plurality of limiting grooves 24. The right jugular vein tube 8 realizes the connection between the right jugular vein tube 8 and the plurality of limiting grooves 24 by correspondingly inserting the limiting rods 23 into the limiting grooves 24. The first simulates the fixation of the needle tube 1. Similarly, between the left jugular vein tube 30 and the fifth simulated needle tube 31, between the right carotid artery tube 28 and the sixth simulated needle tube 29, between the left carotid artery tube 9 and the third simulated needle tube 13, and between the right femoral between the venous tube 6 and the second simulated needle tube 12, between the left femoral vein tube 36 and the seventh simulated needle tube 10, between the left femoral artery tube 7 and the fourth simulated needle tube 14, and between the right femoral artery tube 34 and the fourth simulated needle tube 14. A first connection mechanism with the same structure is also provided between the eight simulated needle tubes 35, the left jugular vein tube 30 and the fifth simulated needle tube 31, the right carotid artery tube 28 and the sixth simulated needle tube 29, the left carotid artery tube 9 and The third simulated needle tube 13, the right femoral vein tube 6 and the second simulated needle tube 12, the left femoral vein tube 36 and the seventh simulated needle tube 10, the left femoral artery tube 7 and the fourth simulated needle tube 14, the right femoral artery tube 34 and the eighth simulated needle tube are respectively inserted into the limiting groove 24 through the limiting rod 23 to realize the left jugular vein tube 30 and the fifth simulated needle tube 31, the right carotid artery tube 28 and the sixth simulated needle tube 29 , the left carotid artery tube 9 and the third simulated needle tube 13, the right femoral vein tube 6 and the second simulated needle tube 12, the left femoral vein tube 36 and the seventh simulated needle tube 10, the left femoral artery tube 7 and the fourth simulated needle tube. Fixation of the needle tube 14, the right femoral artery tube 34 and the eighth simulated needle tube.

Through the design of the first connection mechanism, it is possible to facilitate the disassembly and angle adjustment of the first simulated needle tube 11, the second simulated needle tube 12, the third simulated needle tube 13 and the fourth simulated needle tube 14, specifically for students to carry out intravenous surgery. For catheter placement, the needle is inserted into the first simulated needle tube 11, the second simulated needle tube 12, the third simulated needle tube 13, the fourth simulated needle tube 14, and the fifth simulated needle tube from a direction that is convenient for needle insertion and tube placement. 31. On the sixth simulated needle tube 29, the seventh simulated needle tube 10 and the eighth simulated needle tube 35, for example, the needle is inserted from the front side of the human body model 1, so the first simulated needle tube 11, the second simulated needle tube 12, After the third simulated needle tube 13, the fourth simulated needle tube 14, the fifth simulated needle tube 31, the sixth simulated needle tube 29, the seventh simulated needle tube 10 and the eighth simulated needle tube 35 are used for a period of time, the first simulated needle tube is Simulated needle tube 11, second simulated needle tube 12, third simulated needle tube 13, fourth simulated needle tube 14, fifth simulated needle tube 31, sixth simulated needle tube 29, seventh simulated needle tube 10 and eighth simulated needle tube Unplug the needle tube 35, and then remove the first simulated needle tube 11, the second simulated needle tube 12, the third simulated needle tube 13, the fourth simulated needle tube 14, the fifth simulated needle tube 31, the sixth simulated needle tube 29, The seventh simulated needle tube 10 and the eighth simulated needle tube 35 are rotated at a certain angle, so that the surface of the tube without needle insertion is rotated to the front side, and the positions of the plurality of limiting rods 23 are still aligned with the positions of the plurality of limiting grooves 24 One-to-one correspondence, since the plurality of limiting rods 23 and the plurality of limiting grooves 24 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction, this can be achieved, and then the limiting rods 23 are correspondingly inserted into the limiting grooves 24 , to achieve the left jugular vein tube 30 and the fifth simulated needle tube 31, the right carotid artery tube 28 and the sixth simulated needle tube 29, the left carotid artery tube 9 and the third simulated needle tube 13, the right femoral vein tube 6 and the second The fixation of the simulated needle tube 12, the left femoral vein tube 36 and the seventh simulated needle tube 10, the left femoral artery tube 7 and the fourth simulated needle tube 14, and the right femoral artery tube 34 and the eighth simulated needle tube can continue to be used to avoid When inserting the catheter, the needle is stuck at the same position and the first simulated needle tube 11, the second simulated needle tube 12, the third simulated needle tube 13, the fourth simulated needle tube 14, the fifth simulated needle tube 31, the sixth simulated needle tube are The needle tube 29, the seventh simulated needle tube 10 and the eighth simulated needle tube 35 are punctured, which is beneficial to improving the first simulated needle tube 11, the second simulated needle tube 12, the third simulated needle tube 13, the fourth simulated needle tube 14, The service life of the fifth simulated needle tube 31, the sixth simulated needle tube 29, the seventh simulated needle tube 10 and the eighth simulated needle tube 35, and when the above-mentioned pipelines can no longer be used, it is convenient to replace the new first Simulated needle tube 11, second simulated needle tube 12, third simulated needle tube 13, fourth simulated needle tube 14, fifth simulated needle tube 31, sixth simulated needle tube 29, seventh simulated needle tube 10 and eighth simulated needle tube Insert the needle tube 35 and continue the catheter placement operation.

The second connection mechanism includes a first fixed ring 37, a second fixed ring 39, a third fixed ring 41, a limiting mechanism, a plurality of first elastic members 38, a plurality of second elastic members 40 and a plurality of connecting rods 42. The first fixed ring 37 is sleeved on the outside of the first simulated needle tube 11, and a plurality of first elastic members 38 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction between the first fixed ring 37 and the first simulated needle tube 11. Each first elastic member 38 is spaced between the first fixed ring 37 and the first simulated needle tube 11. One end of the elastic member 38 is connected to the outer wall of the first simulated needle tube 11, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the first fixing ring 37. The second fixing ring 39 is sleeved on the outer side of the right jugular vein tube 8, and a plurality of second The elastic members 40 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction between the second fixing ring 39 and the right jugular vein tube 8. One end of each second elastic member 40 is connected to the outer wall of the right jugular vein tube 8, and the other end is connected to the second fixing ring. 39 is connected to the inner side wall of the second fixing ring 39, the third fixing ring 41 is arranged on the outside of the second fixing ring 39, and a plurality of connecting rods 42 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction between the third fixing ring 41 and the second fixing ring 39, each connecting rod One end of 42 is connected to the outer wall of the second fixed ring 39 , and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the third fixed ring 41 . The limiting mechanism is provided between the first fixed ring 37 and the third fixed ring 41 .

The limiting mechanism includes a plurality of inclined notches 44, a plurality of blocking grooves 47, a plurality of limiting blocks 45, a plurality of blocking blocks 43 and a plurality of third elastic members 46. The plurality of notches 44 are respectively opened in the first fixed ring. On the side wall of 37 near the interface of the first analog needle tube 11, a plurality of blocking grooves 47 are respectively opened on the inner wall of the first fixing ring 37. The positions of the plurality of blocking grooves 47 and the positions of the plurality of notches 44 are one by one. Correspondingly, one end of the plurality of limit stops 45 is respectively hinged with the side wall of the third fixed ring 41 near the interface of the right jugular vein tube 8, and the positions of the plurality of limit blocks 45 are consistent with the positions of the plurality of blocking grooves 47. In one-to-one correspondence, the plurality of blocking blocks 43 are arranged on the outer wall of the third fixed ring 41 along the circumferential direction, and the positions of the plurality of blocking blocks 43 correspond to the positions of the plurality of notches 44. The third elastic members 46 are respectively provided. Between the plurality of limiting blocks 45 and the second fixed ring 41, one end of each third elastic member 46 is connected to the outer wall of the second fixed ring 39, and the other end is connected to the corresponding limiting block 45. . Specifically, during the design, when the third elastic member 46 is in a natural elastic state, the limiting block 45 and the second fixed ring 39 present an inclined angle, and the inclined angle is just enough to allow the limiting block 45 to be embedded into the blocking member. in the groove 47, and when the first elastic member 38 and the second elastic member 40 are in the natural expansion and contraction state, the outer diameter of the third fixed ring 41 matches the inner radial direction of the first fixed ring 37, so that the third fixed ring 41 is exactly It can be plugged into the first fixing ring 37, and the elasticity of the first elastic member 38, the second elastic member 40 and the third elastic member 46 is designed to only occur under the impact of artificial external force and large blood flow. deformation. The positions of the notch 44 and the blocking groove 47 correspond to the number and position of the limiting rod 23 and the limiting groove 24. This design can ensure that when the first connecting mechanism is in the connected state, the second connecting mechanism can also proceed smoothly. connect. Similarly, between the left jugular vein tube 30 and the fifth simulated needle tube 31, between the right carotid artery tube 28 and the sixth simulated needle tube 29, between the left carotid artery tube 9 and the third simulated needle tube 13, and between the right femoral between the venous tube 6 and the second simulated needle tube 12, between the left femoral vein tube 36 and the seventh simulated needle tube 10, between the left femoral artery tube 7 and the fourth simulated needle tube 14, and between the right femoral artery tube 34 and the fourth simulated needle tube 14. A second connection mechanism with the same structure is also provided between the eight simulated needle tubes 35, the left jugular vein tube 30 and the fifth simulated needle tube 31, the right carotid artery tube 28 and the sixth simulated needle tube 29, the left carotid artery tube 9 and The third simulated needle tube 13, the right femoral vein tube 6 and the second simulated needle tube 12, the left femoral vein tube 36 and the seventh simulated needle tube 10, the left femoral artery tube 7 and the fourth simulated needle tube 14, the right femoral artery tube 34 and the eighth simulated needle tube 35 are respectively clamped in the blocking groove 47 through the limiting block 45, thereby achieving the fixation of the third fixing ring 41 and the first fixing ring 37, thereby achieving the fixation of the left jugular vein tube 30 and the fifth Simulated needle tube 31, right carotid artery tube 28 and sixth simulated needle tube 29, left carotid artery tube 9 and third simulated needle tube 13, right femoral vein tube 6 and second simulated needle tube 12, left femoral vein tube 36 and Further fixation of the seventh simulated needle tube 10, the left femoral artery tube 7 and the fourth simulated needle tube 14, and the right femoral artery tube 34 and the eighth simulated needle tube. Through the design of the second connection mechanism, the stable connection between each simulated needle tube and the corresponding simulated blood vessel can still be maintained under the automatic expansion and contraction state of the pipeline diameter.

Superior vena cava 4, thoracic aorta 5, inferior vena cava 32, abdominal aorta 33, right femoral vein 6, right femoral artery 34, left femoral artery 7, left femoral vein 36, right jugular Venous tube 8, right carotid artery tube 28, left jugular venous tube 30, left carotid artery tube 9, first simulated needle insertion tube 11, second simulation needle insertion tube 12, third simulation needle insertion tube 13, fourth simulation needle insertion tube 14, The fifth simulated needle tube 31, the sixth simulated needle tube 29, the seventh simulated needle tube 10 and the eighth simulated needle tube 35 are all made of elastic materials. The elastic material is silicone. By configuring the above-mentioned pipelines to be made of silicone material, the diameter of each pipeline can be variable, so that when the simulated blood flow velocity is relatively large, the diameter of each pipeline can be made larger, and the diameter of each pipeline can be increased while simulating blood flow. When the flow rate is relatively small, each pipeline is restored to its original diameter, thereby simulating the real vasoconstriction of the human body.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In this way, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (9)

1. A teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills, characterized in that it includes a human body model (1), a cavity (2) is provided in the chest of the human body model (1), and a cavity (2) is provided inside the cavity (2). To simulate a cardiac circulation pump (3), the interior of the human body model (1) is provided with a superior vena cava tube (4), a thoracic aorta tube (5), an inferior vena cava tube (32), an abdominal aorta tube (33), and a right Femoral vein tube (6), right femoral artery tube (34), left femoral artery tube (7), left femoral vein tube (36), right jugular vein tube (8), right carotid artery tube (28), left jugular vein canal (30) and left carotid canal (9); The superior vena cava tube (4), thoracic aorta tube (5), inferior vena cava tube (32), abdominal aorta tube (33), right femoral vein tube (6), right femoral artery tube (34), Left femoral artery tube (7), left femoral vein tube (36), right jugular vein tube (8), right carotid artery tube (28), left jugular vein tube (30) and left carotid artery tube (9) respectively according to human body Anatomical locations are distributed within the human body model (1); The simulated cardiac circulation pump (3) is simultaneously connected to the superior vena cava tube (4), the thoracic aorta tube (5), the inferior vena cava tube (32), and the abdominal aorta tube (33). The upper end of 4) is connected to the lower end of the left jugular vein tube (30) and the right jugular vein tube (8) at the same time, and the upper end of the thoracic aorta tube (5) is connected to the left carotid artery tube (9) and the right carotid artery tube (28) at the same time. ), the lower end of the inferior vena cava tube (32) is connected to the left femoral vein tube (36) and the right femoral vein tube (6) at the same time, and the lower end of the abdominal aorta tube (33) is connected to the left femoral artery tube (7 ) is connected to the right femoral artery tube (34), and the upper ends of the right jugular vein tube (8), left jugular vein tube (30), right carotid artery tube (28) and left carotid artery tube (9) are detachably connected to each other. One simulated needle tube (11), fifth simulated needle tube (31), sixth simulated needle tube (29) and third simulated needle tube (13), right femoral vein tube (6), left femoral vein tube (36) , the lower ends of the left femoral artery tube (7) and the right femoral artery tube (34) are detachably connected with a second simulated needle tube (12), a seventh simulated needle tube (10), a fourth simulated needle tube (14) and The eighth simulated needle tube (35). 2. The teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a controller (15) is provided inside the cavity (2), and the controller (15) is connected to simulated cardiac circulation. The pump (3) is connected, a cover (16) is hinged on the top of the cavity (2), a control panel (17) is embedded in the surface of the cover (16), and a display screen is provided on the control panel (17) (18) and a plurality of control buttons (19), the display screen (18) and a plurality of control buttons (19) are all connected with the controller (15). 3. The teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills according to claim 1, characterized in that four openings (20) are provided on the surface of the human body model (1), and the four openings (20) correspond to Located at the first simulated needle tube (11) and the sixth simulated needle tube (29), the second simulated needle tube (12) and the eighth simulated needle tube (35), the third simulated needle tube (13) and the fifth simulated needle tube. The tops of the needle tube (31), the fourth simulated needle tube (14) and the seventh simulated needle tube (10). 4. The teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills according to claim 1, characterized in that transparent simulated skins (21) are detachably provided at the four openings (20). 5. The teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills according to claim 1, characterized in that a connection mechanism (22) is provided between the right jugular vein tube (8) and the first simulated needle tube (11). ), the connecting mechanism (22) includes a first connecting mechanism and a second connecting mechanism. The first connecting mechanism includes a plurality of limiting rods (23) and a plurality of limiting grooves (24). The plurality of limiting rods (23) are along The top of the wall of the right jugular vein tube (8) is evenly spaced in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of limiting grooves (24) are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction at the bottom of the wall of the first simulated needle tube (11). The needle tube (11) is inserted into the limiting rod (23) on the right jugular vein tube (8) through the limiting groove (24), and the second connection mechanism is provided between the right jugular vein tube (8) and the first simulated needle insertion tube ( 11) on the outer wall. 6. The teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills according to claim 1, characterized in that the second connection mechanism includes a first fixed ring (37), a second fixed ring (39), a third fixed ring ring (41), a limiting mechanism, a plurality of first elastic members (38), a plurality of second elastic members (40) and a plurality of connecting rods (42). The first fixed ring (37) is sleeved on the On the outside of a simulated needle tube (11), a plurality of first elastic members (38) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction between the first fixed ring (37) and the first simulated needle tube (11). Each first elastic member One end of (38) is connected to the outer wall of the first simulated needle tube (11), the other end is connected to the inner wall of the first fixed ring (37), and the second fixed ring (39) is sleeved on the right jugular vein tube (8) ), a plurality of second elastic members (40) are spaced apart along the circumferential direction between the second fixing ring (39) and the right jugular vein tube (8). One end of each second elastic member (40) is connected to the right jugular vein tube (8). The outer wall of the jugular vein tube (8) is connected, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the second fixed ring (39). The third fixed ring (41) is arranged on the outside of the second fixed ring (39), and a plurality of connecting rods ( 42) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction between the third fixed ring (41) and the second fixed ring (39). One end of each connecting rod (42) is connected to the outer wall of the second fixed ring (39), and the other end Connected to the inner wall of the third fixed ring (41), the limiting mechanism is provided between the first fixed ring (37) and the third fixed ring (41). 7. The teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills according to claim 6, characterized in that the limiting mechanism includes a plurality of inclined notches (44), a plurality of blocking grooves (47), a plurality of limiting The position stopper (45), a plurality of clamping blocks (43) and a plurality of third elastic members (46), a plurality of notches (44) are respectively opened on the first fixed ring (37) close to the first simulated needle tube (11) ), a plurality of blocking grooves (47) are respectively opened on the inner wall of the first fixed ring (37), and the positions of the plurality of blocking grooves (47) and the positions of the plurality of notches (44) are one by one. Correspondingly, one end of the multiple limit stops (45) is respectively hinged with the side wall of the third fixed ring (41) near the interface of the right jugular vein tube (8), and the positions of the multiple limit stops (45) Corresponding to the positions of the plurality of blocking grooves (47), the plurality of blocking blocks (43) are arranged on the outer wall of the third fixed ring (41) along the circumferential direction, and the positions of the plurality of blocking blocks (43) are consistent with the positions of the plurality of blocking grooves (47). The positions of the notches (44) correspond one to one, and the third elastic members (46) are respectively provided between the plurality of limiting stops (45) and the second fixed ring (41). Each third elastic member (46) One end is connected to the outer wall of the second fixed ring (39), and the other end is connected to the corresponding limiting stop (45). 8. The teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the superior vena cava tube (4), thoracic aorta tube (5), inferior vena cava tube (32), Abdominal aorta (33), right femoral vein (6), right femoral artery (34), left femoral artery (7), left femoral vein (36), right jugular vein (8), right jugular Arterial tube (28), left jugular vein tube (30), left carotid artery tube (9), first simulated needle tube (11), second simulated needle tube (12), third simulated needle tube (13), The fourth simulated needle tube (14), the fifth simulated needle tube (31), the sixth simulated needle tube (29), the seventh simulated needle tube (10) and the eighth simulated needle tube (35) are all made of elastic materials. 9. The teaching device for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drills according to claim 7, wherein the elastic material is silica gel.