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CN117126830A - Preparation method of ginsenoside glycosidase - Google Patents

Preparation method of ginsenoside glycosidase Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117126830A
CN117126830A CN202310809585.0A CN202310809585A CN117126830A CN 117126830 A CN117126830 A CN 117126830A CN 202310809585 A CN202310809585 A CN 202310809585A CN 117126830 A CN117126830 A CN 117126830A
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ginsenoside
saponin
culture medium
preparing
glycosyl
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王东明
肖永坤
刘春莹
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San Yi Technology Guangzhou Co ltd
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San Yi Technology Guangzhou Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
    • C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
    • C12N9/24—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
    • C12N9/2402—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) hydrolysing O- and S- glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)

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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of ginsenoside glycosidase, which comprises the steps of preparing a basic culture medium, inoculating strains, culturing, primary induction, secondary induction and extraction; the inoculation strain: the strain used is Aspergillus oryzae. The primary induction: glycerol and PPD saponin are added into the culture medium, and the culture is carried out for 3-4d. The secondary induction: PPT saponin is added into the culture medium, and the culture is carried out for 3-4d. The ginsenoside glycosidase prepared by the invention has no selectivity to ginsenoside aglycone, glycosyl position and glycosyl type, and can hydrolyze diol and triol ginsenoside simultaneously.

Description

Preparation method of ginsenoside glycosidase
Technical Field
The invention relates to ginsenoside glycosidase and a preparation method of the ginsenoside glycosidase.
Background
Natural products human beings obtain huge treasury of functional raw materials, and animal and plant microorganisms are sources of natural products and active ingredients in the natural products. However, the natural structures of the active ingredients are not the most active structures, they often exist in the form of prodrugs, which need to be metabolized in the organism to secondary metabolites before they can be used. For example, ginsenoside, an active ingredient of ginseng, can be classified into dammarane type saponins including two major categories of diols and triols and small amounts of oleanolic acid type saponins according to the aglycone structure. The natural ginsenoside contains 3-4 glycosyl groups (diol saponins comprise Rb1, rb2, rb3, rc and Rd, and triol saponins comprise R1, re and Rg 1), and is only absorbed and utilized after being metabolized into secondary ginsenoside with low glycosyl groups. Therefore, the preparation of low-sugar saponins has become a research hotspot in recent years. The traditional physicochemical method can convert natural saponins to prepare secondary saponins, but the prepared saponins have the advantages of limited types, more byproducts, large environmental pollution, difficult control of the process, large separation difficulty, environmental friendliness, strong specificity and the like, and the bioconversion method becomes the trend of structural modification of ginsenoside.
The ginsenoside glycosidase which is discovered in the past has the characteristics that one enzyme can only recognize one substrate and hydrolyze one glycosidic bond, and the enzyme has high specificity, but has high requirement on the substrate, can complete conversion only by using a single substrate, and has high application cost.
In order to prepare rare ginsenosides at low cost, a series of novel enzymes have been developed by the present team, such as type I ginsenoside having selectivity for aglycone and no selectivity for glycosyl position and glycosyl type, type II ginsenoside having selectivity for aglycone and glycosyl position and no selectivity for glycosyl type, type III ginsenoside having selectivity for aglycone and glycosyl position and no selectivity for glycosyl type, type IV ginsenoside having selectivity for aglycone and glycosyl position and no selectivity for glycosyl type, which hydrolyze different substrates to produce the same product, and thus are more suitable for preparing secondary saponins.
However, these enzymes are selective for aglycones, i.e. during application the enzymes must be prepared separately for the product to be converted, and the diol saponins and triol saponins in the substrate must be separated. If an enzyme is available that is not specific to aglycone, the transformation conditions and costs are further reduced.
Based on the above problems, the present team developed a method for inducing microorganisms to produce novel enzymes having no selectivity for ginsenoside, and for simultaneously converting diol and triol saponins.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of ginsenoside glycosidase, which aims to achieve the following purposes: a ginsenoside glycosidase is prepared, which has no selectivity to ginsenoside, and can convert diol and triol saponins simultaneously.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of ginsenoside glycosidase comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a basic culture medium
The basic culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.8-1.2% peptone, 0.1-1% glucose, 0.1-0.3% ZnCl 2 The water makes up the balance.
Step 2, inoculating strains
Inoculating strain into the basic culture medium, wherein the strain is Aspergillus oryzae. The inoculation amount is 1-9%.
Step 3, culturing
Culturing at 25-30deg.C under normal pressure, and introducing sterile air with the amount of 0.5-1.5 m/hr; culturing for 3-4d.
Step 4, primary induction
Adding glycerol and PPD saponin (diol ginsenoside) into the culture medium, and culturing for 3-4d.
The addition amount of the glycerol is 0.1-0.2% of the mass of the basic culture medium; the adding amount of the PPD saponin is 0.1-1% of the mass of the basic culture medium, and the PPD saponin is prepared from ginsenoside Rb1, rb2, rb3, rc and Rd according to the following ratio of (0.2-1): (0.2-1): (0.2-1): (0.2-1) and mixing the components.
Step 5, secondary induction
Adding PPT saponin (triol ginsenoside) into the culture medium, and culturing for 3-4d.
The adding amount of the PPT saponin is 0.1-1% of the mass of the basic culture medium, and the PPT saponin is prepared from ginsenoside R1, re and Rg1 according to the following ratio of (0.2-1): (0.2-1) and mixing the components.
Step 6, extracting
After removing the cells by centrifugation, the liquid phase is retained. Adding edible ethanol into the liquid phase, standing for 3 hr, centrifuging or filtering, and collecting precipitate to obtain ginsenoside glycosidase.
The edible ethanol: the ethanol content is 95% (volume fraction), and the addition amount is 3-4 times of the mass of the liquid phase;
removing thallus by centrifugation, adding, centrifuging or filtering, and collecting precipitate to obtain enzyme protein.
The strain adopted by the invention can also be one of aspergillus sojae, aspergillus niger, aspergillus terreus and lactobacillus.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The ginsenoside glycosidase prepared by the invention has no selectivity to ginsenoside aglycone, glycosyl position and glycosyl type, and can be used for simultaneously carrying out enzymolysis on diol and triol type ginsenoside; the enzymolysis conversion rate is about 100%.
(2) The ginsenoside glycosidase prepared by the invention is used for enzymolysis of PPD saponin, different intermediate products can be obtained by controlling the reaction time, and when the reaction is carried out for 2 hours, GYP17, CO, CMC1, CMx and Rd are found in the products by sampling and detecting the reaction liquid; when the reaction is carried out for 5 hours, the reaction liquid is sampled and detected to find that GYP75, CY, CMc, CMx, F2, R-Rg3 and S-Rg3 exist in the product; when the reaction is carried out for 24 hours, sampling and detecting the reaction liquid to find CK, R-Rh2 and S-Rh2 in the products; when the reaction was carried out for 48 hours, the reaction product had only two aglycones of R type and S type.
(3) The ginsenoside glycosidase prepared by the invention is used for enzymolysis of PPT saponin, different intermediate products can be obtained by controlling the reaction time, and when the reaction is carried out for 5 hours, the reaction liquid is sampled and detected to find that Rg1, R-Rg2 and S-Rg2 exist in the products; when the reaction is carried out for 24 hours, the reaction liquid is sampled and detected to find F1, R-Rh1 and S-Rh1 in the products; when the reaction was carried out for 48 hours, only two aglycones of R type and S type were present in the reaction product.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a HPLC chart of PPD saponin before enzymolysis in example 2;
FIG. 2 is a HPLC chart of PPT saponin before enzymolysis in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a graph of HPLC analysis of the product of the enzymolysis reaction of PPD saponin solution in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a graph of HPLC analysis of the product of the enzymatic hydrolysis of PPT saponin solution of example 2;
FIG. 5 is the molecular structural formula of S-PPD and R-PPD in example 2;
FIG. 6 is the molecular structural formulae of S-PPT and R-PPT in example 2;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the mechanism of molecular conversion during the enzymolysis reaction of PPD saponin in example 2;
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the mechanism of molecular transformation during the enzymolysis reaction of PPT saponin in example 2.
Detailed Description
Example 1A method for preparing ginsenoside glycosidase
Step 1, preparing a basic culture medium
The 1L basal medium consists of the following components: 10g peptone, 5g glucose, 2g ZnCl 2 983g of water.
Mixing the basic culture medium components in proportion to prepare mixed solution; sterilizing at 121deg.C for 20min, and cooling to 25deg.C to obtain basic culture medium.
Step 2, inoculating strains
Inoculating strain into basic culture medium, wherein the strain is Aspergillus oryzae, latin school name: aspergillus oryzae, strain deposit number: CGMCC 3.13904. The inoculation amount is 8%.
Step 3, culturing
After inoculation is completed, culturing is carried out at 28 ℃ under normal pressure, and sterile air is introduced, wherein the introduction amount of the sterile air is 1 m/hour; culturing for 3d.
Step 4, primary induction
After 3d of cultivation, 1g of glycerin and 1g of PPD saponin (diol ginsenoside) were added to the medium, and cultivation was continued for 3d.
The PPD saponin is prepared from ginsenoside Rb1, rb2, rb3, rc and Rd according to the ratio of 0.5:1:0.2:1: mixing at a ratio of 0.5.
Step 5, secondary induction
After 3d of cultivation, 1g of PPT saponin (triol ginsenoside) was added to the medium, and the medium was cultivated for 3d, and sterile water was appropriately added according to the water loss during the cultivation.
The PPT saponin is prepared from ginsenoside R1, re and Rg1 according to the following ratio of 0.2:1: mixing at a ratio of 0.5.
Step 6, extracting
After removing the cells by centrifugation, the liquid phase is retained. To the centrifuged liquid phase was added 3.5L of 95% (volume fraction) edible ethanol. Standing for 3 hr, centrifuging, and collecting precipitate to obtain enzyme protein (a ginsenoside glycosidase).
After detection, a total of 8.3g of enzyme protein was obtained.
Example 2 enzyme protein Performance detection experiments
Step 1, preparing PPD saponin solution
0.4g of PPD saponin (diol ginsenoside) is mixed with 20mL of 0.02M acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution with pH of 5.0, and dissolved to obtain PPD saponin solution.
HPLC detection was performed on the PPD saponin solution, and the HPLC profile is shown in FIG. 1.
As can be seen from HPLC, PPD saponin contains Rb1, rb2, rb3, rc, rd.
Wherein Rb1 contains 4 glycosyl groups, two glycosyl groups at carbon number 20 and two glycosyl groups at carbon number 3 respectively; rb2 contains 4 glycosyl groups, one glycosyl group at carbon number 20, one arabinopyranosyl group, and two glycosyl groups at carbon number 3; rb3 contains 4 glycosyl groups, one glycosyl group at carbon number 20, one xylitol group, and two glycosyl groups at carbon number 3; rc contains 4 glycosyl groups, one glycosyl group at carbon number 20, one arabinofuranosyl group, and two glycosyl groups at carbon number 3; rd contains 3 glycosyl groups, one glycosyl group at carbon number 20 and two glycosyl groups at carbon number 3, respectively.
Step 2, preparing PPT saponin solution
0.4g of PPT saponin is mixed with 20mL of 0.02M acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution with pH of 5.0, and the mixture is dissolved to obtain PPT saponin solution.
The PPT saponin solution was subjected to HPLC detection and the HPLC profile is shown in figure 2.
As can be seen from HPLC, PPT saponin contains R1, re and Rg1.
Wherein R1 contains 3 glycosyl groups, which are respectively a glycosyl group at the 20 th carbon position and a xylosyl group and a glycosyl group at the 6 th carbon position; re contains 3 glycosyl groups, namely one glycosyl group at the 20 th carbon position and one rhamnosyl group and one glycosyl group at the 6 th carbon position; rg1 contains 2 glycosyl groups, one glycosyl group at carbon number 20 and one glycosyl group at carbon number 6.
Step 3, preparing enzyme solution
8.3g of the enzyme protein prepared in example 1 was dissolved in 500mL of 0.02M acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer pH5.0 to obtain an enzyme solution.
Step 4, reaction
(1) 10mL of the enzyme solution prepared in the step 3 was mixed with 10mL of PPD saponin solution and reacted at 45℃for 48 hours. After the completion of the reaction, 80mL of ethanol was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 1 hour, centrifuged and the supernatant was collected. The supernatant was checked by HPLC, and the HPLC profile is shown in FIG. 3.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, all of the substrates Rb1, rb2, rb3, rc and Rd are not seen, only the product PPD aglycone, namely the diol ginsenoside is completely converted into aglycone, including S-PPD and R-PPD, and the substrates Rb1, rb2, rb3, rc and Rd are completely converted into aglycone, and the conversion rate is almost 100%. The ginsenoside glycosidase prepared by the invention has no selectivity to the glycosyl position and the glycosyl type of the diol ginsenoside.
In addition, real-time tracking and monitoring are carried out in the reaction process, products obtained in different reaction times are different, and when the reaction is carried out for 2 hours, GYP17, CO, CMC1, CMx and Rd are found in the products by sampling and detecting the reaction liquid; when the reaction is carried out for 5 hours, the reaction liquid is sampled and detected to find that GYP75, CY, CMc, CMx, F2, R-Rg3 and S-Rg3 exist in the product; when the reaction is carried out for 24 hours, sampling and detecting the reaction liquid to find CK, R-Rh2 and S-Rh2 in the products; when the reaction was carried out for 48 hours, the reaction product had only two aglycones of R type and S type.
Based on the tracking and monitoring results and the structure of the saponins, the mechanism of molecular conversion in the enzymolysis reaction of PPD saponins can be inferred as shown in figure 7.
(2) Mixing 10mL of enzyme solution with 10mL of PPT saponin solution, reacting at 45 ℃ for 48h, adding 80mL of ethanol after the reaction is finished, standing for 1h, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, detecting by HPLC, and the HPLC chart is shown in figure 4.
As can be seen from FIG. 4, the substrates R1, re and Rg1 are not seen, only the products PPT aglycone, namely triol ginsenoside, including S-PPT and R-PPT, and the R1, re and Rg1 are completely converted into the aglycone, and the conversion rate is almost 100%. The ginsenoside glycosidase prepared by the invention has no selectivity to the glycosyl position and the glycosyl type of the triol ginsenoside.
In addition, real-time tracking and monitoring are carried out in the reaction process, products obtained in different reaction times are different, and when the reaction is carried out for 5 hours, the reaction liquid is sampled and detected, and Rg1, R-Rg2 and S-Rg2 are found in the products; when the reaction is carried out for 24 hours, the reaction liquid is sampled and detected to find F1, R-Rh1 and S-Rh1 in the products; when the reaction was carried out for 48 hours, only two aglycones of R type and S type were present in the reaction product.
Based on the tracking and monitoring result and the structure of the saponins, the molecular conversion mechanism in the process of the enzymolysis reaction of the PPT saponins can be inferred as shown in figure 8.
As can be seen from the comprehensive figures 3-4, the ginsenoside glycosidase prepared by the invention has no selectivity to ginsenoside aglycone, glycosyl position and glycosyl type, and can hydrolyze diol and triol ginsenoside simultaneously.
The control conditions for HPLC detection described in the present invention are as follows:
the detection wavelength is 203nm. Mobile phase acetonitrile (a) -water (B): 0-20min,20% A,20-31min, 20-32% A,31-40min, 32-43% A,40-47min, 43-100% A. Column temperature was 35 ℃.
Except for specific descriptions, the proportions of the invention are mass ratios, and the percentages are mass percentages.
It is apparent that there are many more specific embodiments that can be varied within the inventive concept, and it should be stated herein that any modification made within the inventive concept of the present invention will fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of ginsenoside glycosidase is characterized in that: comprises the steps of preparing a basic culture medium, inoculating strains, culturing, primary induction, secondary induction and extraction; the inoculation strain: the strain used is Aspergillus oryzae.
2. The method for preparing ginsenoside glycosidase according to claim 1, wherein: the culture: culturing at 25-30deg.C under normal pressure for 3-4d.
3. The method for preparing ginsenoside glycosidase according to claim 1, wherein: the primary induction: glycerol and PPD saponin are added into the culture medium, and the culture is carried out for 3-4d.
4. A process for preparing ginsenoside glycosidase according to claim 3, wherein: the addition amount of the glycerol is 0.1-0.2% of the mass of the basic culture medium; the adding amount of the PPD saponin is 0.1-1% of the mass of the basic culture medium.
5. A process for preparing ginsenoside glycosidase according to claim 3, wherein: the PPD saponin is prepared from ginsenoside Rb1, rb2, rb3, rc and Rd according to the ratio of (0.2-1): (0.2-1): (0.2-1): (0.2-1) and mixing the components.
6. The method for preparing ginsenoside glycosidase according to claim 1, wherein: the secondary induction: PPT saponin is added into the culture medium, and the culture is carried out for 3-4d.
7. The method for preparing ginsenoside glycosidase according to claim 6, wherein: the addition amount of the PPT saponin is 0.1-1% of the mass of the basic culture medium.
8. The method for preparing ginsenoside glycosidase according to claim 6, wherein: the PPT saponin is prepared from ginsenoside R1, re and Rg1 according to the ratio of (0.2-1): (0.2-1) and mixing the components.
9. The method for preparing ginsenoside glycosidase according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation of the basal culture medium comprises the following steps: comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.8-1.2% peptone, 0.1-1% glucose, 0.1-0.3% ZnCl 2 The water makes up the balance.
10. The method for preparing ginsenoside glycosidase according to claim 1, wherein: the prepared ginsenoside glycosidase has no selectivity to ginsenoside aglycone, glycosyl position and glycosyl type, and can hydrolyze diol and triol ginsenoside simultaneously.
CN202310809585.0A 2023-07-04 2023-07-04 Preparation method of ginsenoside glycosidase Pending CN117126830A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118773170A (en) * 2024-08-13 2024-10-15 北京化工大学 Application and method of a glycoside hydrolase with dual enzyme activity and its recombinant bacteria in preparing rare ginsenosides

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118773170A (en) * 2024-08-13 2024-10-15 北京化工大学 Application and method of a glycoside hydrolase with dual enzyme activity and its recombinant bacteria in preparing rare ginsenosides

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