CN117107135A - Layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material, preparation method and application - Google Patents

Abstract

Layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material, preparation method and application thereof, and high-entropy alloy material is prepared from Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100‑x And Fe (Fe) _y (CoCrNiMn) _100‑y Two alloy materials are distributed in a layered manner at intervals; the method comprises the following steps: by Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100‑x And Fe (Fe) _y (CoCrNiMn) _100‑y The mixture of the two alloy powders is used as a raw material, and a laser additive manufacturing process is adopted for the mixture to obtain a layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material; wherein, each interval of layers adopts Fe alternately _x (CoCrNiMn) _100‑x Powder or Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100‑y The powder is formed and processed by a laser selective melting process. The application ensures the strength of the material and greatly improves the plasticity, has good engineering application prospect, and can be applied to aerospace or weaponry.

Description

A layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material, preparation method and application

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal additive manufacturing, and specifically relates to a layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material, preparation method and application.

Background technique

As the most widely studied high-entropy alloy at present, FeCoCrNiMn often exhibits low strength and high plasticity (300-450MPa and 40-60% respectively) under high strain rate loads due to its single FCC phase. Research shows that traditional strengthening methods such as deformation strengthening, solid solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening and phase change strengthening can only improve strength to a certain extent at the expense of part of the toughness, making it difficult to escape the "banana curve" curse of material mechanical properties. In recent years, on the basis of fully tapping the potential of microstructure design of metal materials, the concept of heterostructure design has been proposed and attracted widespread attention. Isomerism is a microstructure formed by orderly constructing soft and hard interphase regions with significant flow stress differences. The soft and hard phases can be determined by elemental composition, grain size, phase composition, etc., and the distribution of soft and hard phases Follow specific spatial structures, such as bimodal structures, gradient structures, harmonic structures, layered structures, etc. Since lamellar isomerism has more lamellar structural parameters (such as lamellar spacing, lamellar thickness, lamellar hardness, and the proportion of different lamellae, etc.), it allows the strength and plasticity of metal materials to be controlled within a wide range. Therefore, Has huge research potential.

Traditional layered heterogeneous materials are mainly prepared by methods such as cumulative stacking, high-pressure torsion or diffusion welding combined with complex annealing processes. These preparation methods have problems such as complex process flows, limited types of applicable materials, and difficult to control the interface structure.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a layered isomeric high-entropy alloy material, a preparation method and an application. The high-entropy alloy of this invention takes into account the strength and toughness of the FCC and BCC phases to avoid brittle fracture of the material. It uses laser additive manufacturing to obtain a high-strength and tough high-entropy alloy, which improves the application of laser selective melting of layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloys. scope.

A layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material consists of two materials: Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x and Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y . The two alloy materials are distributed in spaced layers, where x<40,y> 60.

A method for preparing the layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material according to claim 1 includes:

S1. Use a mixture of two alloy powders, Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x and Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y , as raw materials.

S2. Use laser additive manufacturing process on the mixture to obtain layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy materials;

Among them, every n layer is alternately formed with Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x powder or Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y powder using a laser selective melting process, n ≥ 2.

Further, the Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x or Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y is obtained according to the following steps: FeCoCrNiMn powder and Fe powder are mixed using a ball mill, the mixing speed is 300RPM, and the mixing time is 4 hours. During the mixing process, the powder should be cooled to room temperature for 5 minutes after every 15 minutes of mixing.

Application of a layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material in aerospace or weapons equipment.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention adopts periodic distribution molding of two high-entropy alloy powders, Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x<40) and Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y (y>60), to obtain the FCC phase and the BCC phase. The microstructure with periodic layered distribution takes into account the strength and toughness of the FCC and BCC phases, avoids brittle fracture of the material, and significantly improves the application range of the laser selective melting of layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloys.

The layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy prepared by the method of the present invention has both the superplasticity of the FCC phase and the high strength of the BCC phase, so that it can be used in harsh environmental conditions such as wide temperature range and high-speed impact, and is expected to be used as an engine. Key materials for ultra-high temperature blades, high-performance warheads, lightweight armor protection, nuclear reactors, etc.

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples:

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is the SEM morphology and EDS image of the FeCoCrNiMn-Fe mixed powder described in the present invention;

Figure 2 shows the inverse polar figure and phase diagram of Fe ₄₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₆₀ formed by mixing FeCoCrNiMn powder and pure Fe powder;

Figure 3 shows the inverse polar figure and phase diagram of Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ formed by mixing FeCoCrNiMn powder and pure Fe powder;

Figure 4 is the quasi-static tensile stress-strain diagram of F _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x and Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y specimens with different Fe contents obtained using the laser additive manufacturing process;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the heterogeneous high-entropy alloy with layered distribution of FCC phase and BCC phase content and morphology of the present invention and its preparation method.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise stated, technical terms or scientific terms used in this application shall have the usual meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention belongs.

The term "high-entropy alloy": FeCoCrNiMn alloy (Cantor alloy for short), a typical equiatomic ratio single-phase high-entropy alloy with five elements. It has excellent low density, high specific strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and radiation resistance.

The terms "FCC phase" and "BCC phase": two common phases in crystal structures. The difference is reflected in the regular arrangement of atoms. The FCC phase refers to the face-centered cubic arrangement. Generally speaking, the FCC phase has more slip systems, has better ductility, and is a "soft" phase; the BCC phase refers to the body-centered cubic arrangement. Compared with the FCC phase It has less ductility but higher strength and is a "hard" phase.

The term isomerism: isomerism is a microstructure formed by orderly constructing soft and hard interphase regions with significant flow stress differences. The soft and hard phases can be determined by element composition, grain size, phase composition, etc., and the soft and hard phases can be determined by element composition, grain size, phase composition, etc. The distribution of hard phases follows specific spatial structures, such as bimodal structure, gradient structure, harmonic structure, layered structure, etc.

Specific Embodiment 1. In the first aspect, this embodiment provides a layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material, which is composed of two alloy materials: Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x and Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y. The alloy materials are distributed in spaced layers, where x<40 and y>60.

Further, the soft phase lamellae in the layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy is composed of FCC phase Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x<40), and the hard phase lamellae is composed of BCC phase Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y (y>60) composition.

The provided layered isomeric high _- entropy alloy is _{Fe The phase Fe _} Specifically, two high-entropy alloy mixed powders, Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x<40) and Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y (y>60), were used as raw materials, and layered materials were prepared by selective laser melting. Heterogeneous high-entropy alloys. The preparation process involves periodic shaping of two high-entropy alloy mixed powders, Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x<40) and Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x>60), to obtain FCC and BCC phases. Microstructure with periodic layered distribution. It improves plasticity while ensuring material strength, and the cost is greatly reduced compared to pure FeCoCrNiMn, which has good engineering application prospects.

The inventor's preliminary research shows that through laser additive manufacturing technology, the mass fraction of Fe in FeCoCrNiMn can be increased to more than 60% to obtain a single BCC phase high-entropy alloy Fe ₆₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₄₀ with a yield strength of more than 800MPa. However, The plasticity is somewhat reduced. Using metal multi-material additive manufacturing technology, Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x<40) and Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x>60) are periodically formed to obtain periodic FCC and BCC phases. It can realize the precise design and orderly construction of layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloys.

In the technical solution of the first aspect, the first powder is Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x<40), the atomic ratio of Fe element is less than 40%, preferably, x=20; the second powder is Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y (y>60), the atomic ratio of Fe element is greater than 60%, preferably, y=80. The physical phases of Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x<40) and Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y (y>60) are FCC and BCC phases respectively. Therefore, laser additive manufacturing The microstructure in the layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy is a periodic layered distribution of FCC and BCC phases.

In one embodiment, the Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x powder is mixed with a traditional FeCoCrNiMn alloy and pure Fe powder with different contents. According to mass percentage statistics, the FeCoCrNiMn alloy powder contains The following components: cobalt 19.50-20.50%, chromium 19.50-20.50%, iron 19.50-20.50%, manganese 18.50-20.50%, nickel 19.50-20.50%, oxygen <0.10%, carbon <0.10%, hydrogen <0.01%, the rest are unavoidable impurities.

Optionally, the pure Fe powder contains the following components in mass percentage: iron >99.90%, oxygen <0.05%, carbon <0.05%, hydrogen <0.01%, sulfur <0.01%, and the rest are unavoidable impurities.

In the first aspect of the technical solution, two materials, Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x<40) and Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y (y>60), are periodically distributed in the layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy.

It has been verified that this microstructure with periodic layered distribution of FCC and BCC phases can take into account the toughness of the FCC phase and the strength of the BCC phase. This is because the soft phase layer (FCC phase) first undergoes plastic deformation during the deformation process. In order to maintain the continuity of the material deformation, geometrically necessary dislocations are generated at the interface between the soft and hard phase layers. At the same time, the dislocations accumulate at the interface and counteract the dislocation source. Formation of long-range back stress. As the amount of deformation increases, the hard phase layer area also undergoes plastic deformation. However, the soft phase layer area still bears larger deformation, and there is strain distribution between the layers, which significantly improves the material's continuous work hardening ability. In addition, since the soft phase layer can well hinder crack propagation, and the interaction process of cracks in the soft phase or along the soft/hard phase interface is accompanied by effective energy dissipation, the synergy of this soft/hard phase heterogeneous zone The strengthening effect can improve the impact resistance of layered heterogeneous materials, which is particularly suitable for use in aerospace and weapons equipment.

Preferably, the FeCoCrMnNi alloy powder has a particle size of 15-53 μm and an average particle size of 30-35 μm, and the Fe powder has a particle size of 15-53 μm and an average particle size of 30-35 μm.

Specific Embodiment Two: In the second aspect, a method for preparing a layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material is provided, which includes:

S1. Use a mixture of two alloy powders, Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x and Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y , as raw materials.

S2. Use laser additive manufacturing process on the mixture to obtain layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy materials;

Among them, every n layer is alternately formed with Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x powder or Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y powder using a laser selective melting process, n ≥ 2.

In this embodiment, two high-entropy alloy mixed powders, Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x<40) and Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y (y>60), are used as raw materials, and layered materials are prepared by laser selective melting. Heterogeneous high-entropy alloys. The preparation process involves periodic shaping of two high-entropy alloy mixed powders, Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x<40) and Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y (y>60), to obtain FCC and BCC phases. Microstructure with periodic layered distribution.

The number of spacing layers of the layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy should be determined based on the height of the formed component, the use strength and cost of the component. The higher the usage intensity of the component, the smaller the number of spacing layers that need to be set. Generally, it is appropriate to set the number of spacing layers to 2-10, that is, the thickness of the lamellae ranges from 2h to 10h mm (h is the thickness of the powder layer). It should be noted that the number of spacing layers can be flexibly set according to performance requirements, that is to say, the thickness of the heterogeneous lamellae can be uneven.

It should be understood that the preparation process of the laser additive manufacturing of layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloys is carried out by periodic printing, and the content of Fe in the raw materials printed at each interval is certain.

Further, in some specific embodiments, the periodic molding can be expressed as, when the number of spacing layers is 2, that is, laser additive manufacturing of 2 layers of Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x<40) powder, and then Form 2 layers of Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y (y>60) powder on its surface, and repeat this process until printing is completed. When the number of spacing layers is 5, that is, 5 layers of Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x<40) powder are manufactured by laser additive manufacturing, and then 5 layers of Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y (y>60) are formed on the surface. powder and repeat this process until the print is complete. When the number of spacing layers is 10, that is, 10 layers of Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x (x<40) powder are manufactured by laser additive manufacturing, and then 10 layers of Fe _y (CoCrNiMn _{) 100-y} (y>60) are formed on the surface. powder and repeat this process until the print is complete.

The Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x or Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y are prepared through high-speed mixing technology and are obtained according to the following steps: Mix FeCoCrNiMn powder and Fe powder using a high-energy ball mill at a mixing speed of 300RPM. The mixing time is 4 hours. During the mixing process, in order to avoid excessive heat generated during high-speed mixing, which may cause the equipment temperature to be too high or the powder temperature and humidity to be too high, causing adhesion. After every 15 minutes of mixing, the powder is cooled to room temperature for 5 minutes.

It should be understood that the laser additive manufacturing process parameters are related to laser power, powder layer thickness, scanning spacing, and scanning speed.

Optionally, the laser additive manufacturing process parameters are: laser power is 100-200W, powder layer thickness is 20-50μm, scanning spacing is 60-100μm, and scanning speed is 600-1500mm/s.

Preferably, the process parameters of the laser additive manufacturing molding are: laser power is 200W, powder layer thickness is 30μm, scanning spacing is 70μm, and scanning speed is 800mm/s.

Preferably, the particle size of the FeCoCrMnNi powder is 15-53 μm.

Preferably, the particle size of the pure Fe powder is 15-53 μm;

Specific Embodiment Three. In the third aspect, based on the above-mentioned Specific Embodiment 1 or Specific Embodiment 2, an application of a layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material in aerospace or weapons equipment is provided.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.

Example 1

In this embodiment, a laser additive manufacturing layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy is provided. The components of the FeCoCrNiMn alloy are: cobalt 19.50-20.50%, chromium 19.50-20.50%, iron 19.50-20.50%, and manganese 18.50-20.50%. %, nickel 19.50-20.50%, oxygen <0.10%, carbon <0.10%, hydrogen <0.01%, and the rest are unavoidable impurities. The components of pure Fe are: iron>99.90%, oxygen<0.05%, carbon<0.05%, hydrogen<0.01%, sulfur<0.01%, and the rest are unavoidable impurities.

The layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy is composed of two materials, Fe ₄₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₆₀ and Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ , which are periodically distributed. The Fe ₄₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₆₀ powder is mixed with FeCoCrNiMn and pure Fe powder in a mass ratio of 3:1, as shown in Figure 2. The Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ powder is composed of FeCoCrNiMn and pure Fe powder in a mass ratio of 1:1. 3 Mixing, as shown in Figure 3, is prepared using high-speed mixing technology: the mixing speed is 300rpm, and the mixing time is 4 hours. In order to avoid excessive heat generated during the high-speed mixing process and causing the equipment temperature to be too high, the powder is mixed every 15 minutes Then, cool to room temperature for 5 minutes.

The above raw materials are printed periodically through laser additive manufacturing technology. The printing process is: add Fe ₄₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₆₀ powder and Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ powder into different powder silos respectively. First, lay Fe ₄₀ (CoCrNiMn) ) ₆₀ powder, using the previously determined process parameters: laser power 200W, scanning speed 800mm/s, powder layer thickness 30μm, scanning spacing 70μm for printing, the number of printing layers is 2 layers, and the FCC photo layer is obtained, the layer thickness is 0.06μm . Then spread Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ powder, using process parameters: laser power 200W, scanning speed 800mm/s, powder layer thickness 30μm, scanning spacing 70μm for printing, the number of printing layers is 2 layers, and the BCC photo layer is obtained, the thickness is 0.06μm. Repeat the above two parameter combinations to continue printing until the sample printing is completed.

Example 2

In this embodiment, a laser additive manufacturing layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy and a preparation method thereof are provided. The components of the FeCoCrNiMn alloy are: cobalt 19.50-20.50%, chromium 19.50-20.50%, iron 19.50-20.50%, Manganese 18.50-20.50%, nickel 19.50-20.50%, oxygen <0.10%, carbon <0.10%, hydrogen <0.01%, the rest are unavoidable impurities. The components of pure Fe are: iron>99.90%, oxygen<0.05%, carbon<0.05%, hydrogen<0.01%, sulfur<0.01%, and the rest are unavoidable impurities.

The layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy is composed of two materials, FeCoCrNiMn and Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ , which are periodically distributed. The five elements of the FeCoCrNiMn powder are in equal proportions. The Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ powder is prepared by mixing FeCoCrNiMn and pure Fe powder according to a mass ratio of 1:3 and using high-speed mixing technology: the mixing speed is 300rpm and the mixing time For 4 hours, in order to avoid excessive heat generated during high-speed mixing and causing the equipment temperature to be too high, the powder is cooled to room temperature for 5 minutes after every 15 minutes of mixing.

The above raw materials are printed periodically through laser additive manufacturing technology. The printing process is as follows: Add FeCoCrNiMn powder and Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ powder to different powder bins respectively. First, lay FeCoCrNiMn powder, and use the previously determined process parameters. : The laser power is 200W, the scanning speed is 800mm/s, the powder layer thickness is 30μm, the scanning spacing is 70μm for printing, the number of printing layers is 5, and the FCC photo layer is obtained, and the layer thickness is 0.15μm. Then spread Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ powder, using process parameters: laser power 200W, scanning speed 800mm/s, powder layer thickness 30μm, scanning spacing 70μm for printing, the number of printing layers is 5, and the BCC photo layer is obtained, the thickness is 0.15μm. Repeat the above two parameter combinations to continue printing until the sample printing is completed.

Example 3

In this embodiment, a laser additive manufacturing layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy and a preparation method thereof are provided. The components of the FeCoCrNiMn alloy are: cobalt 19.50-20.50%, chromium 19.50-20.50%, iron 19.50-20.50%, Manganese 18.50-20.50%, nickel 19.50-20.50%, oxygen <0.10%, carbon <0.10%, hydrogen <0.01%, the rest are unavoidable impurities. The components of pure Fe are: iron>99.90%, oxygen<0.05%, carbon<0.05%, hydrogen<0.01%, sulfur<0.01%, and the rest are unavoidable impurities.

The layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy is composed of two materials, Fe ₄₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₆₀ and Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ , which are periodically distributed. The Fe ₄₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₆₀ powder is mixed with FeCoCrNiMn and pure Fe powder in a mass ratio of 3:1, and the Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ powder is mixed with FeCoCrNiMn and pure Fe powder in a mass ratio of 1:3, using high-speed mixing Prepared by technology: the mixing speed is 300rpm and the mixing time is 4 hours. In order to avoid excessive heat generated during high-speed mixing and causing the equipment temperature to be too high, the powder is cooled to room temperature for 5 minutes after every 15 minutes of mixing.

The above raw materials are printed periodically through laser additive manufacturing technology. The printing process is: add Fe ₄₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₆₀ powder and Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ powder into different powder silos respectively. First, lay Fe ₄₀ (CoCrNiMn) ) ₆₀ powder, using the previously determined process parameters: laser power 200W, scanning speed 800mm/s, powder layer thickness 30μm, scanning spacing 70μm for printing, the number of printing layers is 10, and the FCC photo layer is obtained, the layer thickness is 0.3μm . Then spread Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ powder, using process parameters: laser power is 200W, scanning speed is 800mm/s, powder layer thickness is 30μm, scanning spacing is 70μm for printing, the number of printing layers is 10, and the BCC photo layer is obtained , its thickness is 0.3μm. Repeat the above two parameter combinations to continue printing until the sample printing is completed.

Figure 1 shows the SEM image and EDS pattern of pure Fe powder and FeCoCrNiMn powder mixed according to a fixed ratio. It can be seen that under high-speed stirring, the Fe powder and FeCoCrNiMn powder are evenly distributed. Among them, Figure 1(a), Figure 1(b), and Figure 1(c) are the powder SEM and EDS images when the ratio of Fe powder and CoCrFeMnNi powder is 1:3, 1:3, and 3:1 respectively. Figure 1(d) is the particle size distribution diagram of CoCrFeMnNi powder, Figure 1(e) is the particle size distribution diagram of pure Fe powder, and Figure 1(f) is the content of each element in the powder.

The microstructure and compression properties of laser additively manufactured Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x composites were investigated. Figures 2 and 3 are the inverse pole figures and phase distribution diagrams of ₆₀ layers of Fe ₄₀ (CoCrNiMn) and ₂₀ layers of Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) respectively. It can be seen that Fe ₄₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₆₀ is mainly in the FCC phase and has larger grains. On the contrary, Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ is mainly in the BCC phase and has very small grains.

Figure 4 shows the tensile strength of Fe ₄₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₆₀ , Fe ₆₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₄₀ and Fe ₈₀ (CoCrNiMn) ₂₀ formed by different powder combinations, as well as FeCoCrNiMn and pure Fe. It can be found that when the Fe content is 80%, the yield strength is >800Mpa, but the uniform elongation is <10%; and when the Fe content is 40% or 60%, the yield strength is lower, only 400-500Mpa, and the uniform elongation is The rate is >30%. On the other hand, the strength and toughness of pure FeCoCrNiMn and pure Fe are not outstanding. It can be inferred that by periodically molding two materials, as shown in Figure 5 (laser represents laser in the figure), the strength of the FCC phase and BCC phase can be obtained in a periodic layered distribution in microstructure and mechanical properties. and high-entropy alloys with microstructures with enhanced toughness.

The present invention has been disclosed above with preferred implementation examples, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Any skilled person familiar with the art can make use of the structure and technical content disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Changes or modifications to equivalent implementation examples of equivalent changes still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material, characterized in that: it is composed of two materials: Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x and Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y . The two alloy materials are distributed in spaced layers, Among them, 20≤x≤40, y>60. 2. A kind of layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x is a soft phase lamellar layer, and the Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y is a hard phase lamellar layer . 3. A kind of layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x or Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y is mixed by FeCoCrNiMn alloy powder and Fe powder. The FeCoCrNiMn alloy powder contains the following components in mass percentage: 19.50-20.50% cobalt, 19.50-20.50% chromium, 19.50-20.50% iron, 18.50-20.50% manganese, 19.50-20.50% nickel , oxygen <0.10%, carbon <0.10%, hydrogen <0.01%, and the rest are inevitable impurities. 4. A layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material according to claim 3, characterized in that: Fe powder contains the following components in mass percentage: iron>99.90%, oxygen<0.05%, carbon<0.05% , hydrogen <0.01%, sulfur <0.01%, and the rest are inevitable impurities. 5. A layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material according to claim 4, characterized in that: the average particle size of the FeCoCrNiMn alloy powder is 30-35 μm, and the average particle size of the Fe powder is 30-35 μm. 6. A method for preparing a layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: comprising S1. Use a mixture of two alloy powders, Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x and Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y , as raw materials. S2. Use laser additive manufacturing process on the mixture to obtain layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy materials; Among them, every n layer is alternately formed with Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x powder or Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y powder using a laser selective melting process, n ≥ 2. 7. The preparation method of a kind of layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that: the Fe _x (CoCrNiMn) _100-x or Fe _y (CoCrNiMn) _100-y is in accordance with Obtained by the following steps: Mix FeCoCrNiMn powder and Fe powder in a ball mill at a mixing speed of 300RPM and a mixing time of 4 hours. During the mixing process, the powder is cooled to room temperature for 5 minutes after every 15 minutes of mixing. 8. A method for preparing layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: the laser additive manufacturing process parameters are: laser power is 100-200W, and the powder layer thickness is 20 -50μm, scanning spacing is 60-100μm, and scanning speed is 600-1500mm/s. 9. A method for preparing layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: the laser power is 200W, the powder layer thickness is 30 μm, the scanning spacing is 70 μm, and the scanning speed is 800 mm/s. 10. Application of the layered heterogeneous high-entropy alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in aerospace or weapons equipment.