CN116900420A - Application method of split indexable straight tooth gear cutting knife - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a use method of a split indexable straight tooth scraper. The split type indexable straight tooth scraping cutter comprises a cutter handle, a cutter disc detachably connected with the cutter handle and blades circumferentially arranged on the cutter disc; a plurality of blade grooves are formed in the cutter disc in a circumferential arrangement manner; the blade is detachably arranged in the blade groove; the blade is a straight tooth cutting blade and comprises a mounting part and two cutting parts symmetrically arranged at two sides of the mounting part; two positioning blocks are symmetrically arranged in the blade groove; four positioning grooves are symmetrically formed in the mounting part; when the blade is indexed in the blade groove, the two positioning blocks are matched with the two positioning grooves; the two cutting portions alternately cut. When the cutter needs sharpening, the cutter blade can be installed in an indexing mode, the replacement of a new cutting edge is directly achieved, the operation is convenient, and the production efficiency is greatly improved. Meanwhile, as the cutter disc and the cutter handle are mutually separated, the phenomenon that the cutter disc and the cutter handle cannot use the resource waste caused by the cutter blade can be effectively reduced.

Description

A method of using a split-type indexable straight-tooth tooth cutting knife

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of machining design, and in particular to a method of using a split indexable straight tooth bevel cutter.

Background technique

Gears are important transmission parts that are widely used in various types of machinery and instruments. Gears have the advantages of smooth transmission and strong load-bearing capacity. With the continuous improvement of my country's industrialization level, the processing requirements for gears are also getting higher and higher. There are currently two methods for processing gears, one is the generation method and the other is the forming method. However, due to the difficulty in controlling the manufacturing accuracy, the shortcomings of traditional gear processing methods are gradually revealed. In this context, a new gear processing technology was born.

Gear cutting technology is a brand-new gear processing technology. Gear cutting processing is suitable for dry cutting and high-efficiency cutting. It can complete the processing of non-penetrating internal tooth workpieces without undercut grooves that cannot be completed by ordinary gear processing methods, effectively effectively Improve the defects of ordinary gear processing.

The current tooth cutting process mainly uses an integral tooth cutting knife. The cutting part and the clamping part of the integral tooth cutting knife are a whole. It has good process performance, can be sharpened repeatedly if the knife is dull, and is easy to use. However, the integral tooth cutting tool also has shortcomings. After the tool is worn, it takes a lot of time to re-sharpen it, which greatly reduces production efficiency. After a tool has been sharpened a certain number of times, it cannot be sharpened again, making the entire tool unusable. This increases production costs and causes a waste of resources. Therefore, in order to promote the widespread application of tooth cutting technology, it is necessary to develop a split indexable tooth cutting knife.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a split-type indexable tool in view of the fact that the existing tooth-cutting knife adopts an integral design. When the sharpening times are too many or the blade surface is damaged, the entire tool cannot be used. How to use a straight tooth cutting knife.

The technical solutions adopted to achieve the purpose of the present invention are:

A method of using a split-type indexable straight-tooth tooth-cutting knife. The split-type indexable straight-tooth tooth-cutting knife includes a handle, a cutterhead removably connected to the handle, and a circumferentially arranged and installed cutter. The blade on the cutterhead;

The cutter head is provided with a plurality of blade slots arranged in a circumferential direction; the blades are detachably installed in the blade slots;

The blade is a straight tooth cutting blade, including a mounting part and two cutting parts symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting part;

Two positioning blocks are symmetrically arranged in the blade slot; four positioning slots are symmetrically arranged in the mounting portion; when the blade is indexed in the blade slot, the two positioning blocks and two of the positioning blocks The grooves match; the two said cutting parts cut alternately.

How to use the above-mentioned split indexable straight tooth cutting knife,

Position and install the cutterhead and the tool handle; position and install the blade in the blade slot;

Install the assembled split indexable straight tooth cutting knife on the processing equipment and start cutting;

When the cutting part of the blade is worn, remove the split indexable straight-tooth tooth cutting knife; disassemble the blade from the blade groove, index it 180° and reposition it in the blade groove;

Install the reassembled split indexable straight tooth bevel cutter on the processing equipment and use the other cutting part for cutting.

In the above technical solution, the tool holder and the cutter head are positioned through a hole shaft matching component and are detachably connected through a tool holder bolt.

In the above technical solution, the hole shaft matching assembly includes a matching hole and a cutterhead keyway opened on the cutterhead, and a mounting shaft and toolholder keyway provided on the tool handle;

The installation shaft is inserted into the matching hole to realize the axial positioning of the tool handle and the cutter head; the cutter head keyway cooperates with the tool handle keyway to realize the circumferential positioning of the tool handle and the cutter head. .

In the above technical solution, the mounting shaft is provided with an internal thread that matches the tool holder bolt.

In the above technical solution, the cutterhead includes an integrally connected cutterhead base and a cutterhead body; the diameter of the cutterhead base is smaller than the diameter of the cutterhead body.

In the above technical solution, the fitting hole and the cutterhead keyway are both provided on the cutterhead base;

The blade slots are arranged circumferentially on the upper edge of the cutter head body.

In the above technical solution, the mounting part and the blade slot are respectively provided with countersunk holes; when the blade and the blade slot are positioned, the blade bolt passes through the countersunk hole to secure the blade to the blade slot. The blade groove is fixed.

In the above technical solution, a convex pad block is installed in the blade groove; two of the positioning blocks are symmetrically arranged on the convex pad block.

In the above technical solution, the cutting part includes a rake surface, a flank surface and a cutting edge.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The design method of the split-type indexable straight tooth cutting knife provided by the present invention, the blade, the cutterhead and the handle are separated from each other, which can effectively reduce the inability of the cutterhead and handle to use this resource due to the blade. Waste phenomenon. In the actual processing process, the cutter head and tool handle structure can be reused by replacing the blade to save production costs.

2. When the split-type indexable straight tooth beveling knife provided by the present invention needs to be sharpened, the symmetrical design structure of the blade can be used to directly replace the new cutting edge through indexing, which is easy to operate. Greatly improve production efficiency.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a split indexable straight tooth cutting knife;

Figure 2 shows the structural diagram of the blade;

Figure 3 shows the structural diagram of the bottom of the blade;

Figure 4 shows the structural diagram of the cutterhead;

Figure 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of the bottom of the cutterhead;

Figure 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of the blade slot;

Figure 7 shows the structural diagram of the tool handle.

In the picture: 1-Tool holder, 2-Cutterhead, 2-1-Cutterhead base, 2-2-Cutterhead body, 3-Blade, 3-1-Mounting part, 3-2-Cutting part, 4-Blade Slot, 5-positioning block, 6-positioning slot, 7-countersunk hole, 9-fitting hole, 10-cutterhead keyway, 11-protruding pad, 12-mounting shaft, 13-tool handle keyway, 14-internal thread , 15-handle bolt.

a-rake face, b-flank face, c-cutting edge.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Example 1

A split-type indexable straight tooth cutting knife, as shown in Figure 1, includes a handle 1, a cutter head 2 detachably connected to the handle 1, and a circumferential arrangement mounted on the cutter head 2 multiple blades 3;

The cutterhead 2 has a plurality of blade slots 4 arranged in a circumferential direction; the blades 3 are detachably installed in the blade slots 4;

The blade 3 is a straight tooth cutting blade, including a mounting part 3-1 and two cutting parts 3-2 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting part 3-1;

Two positioning blocks 5 are symmetrically arranged in the blade slot 4; four positioning slots 6 are symmetrically arranged in the mounting part 3-1; when the blade 3 is indexed in the blade slot 4, the two positioning blocks 5 matches two of the positioning grooves 6; the two cutting parts 3-2 are cut alternately.

The method of using the split indexable straight tooth cutting knife is to position and install the cutter head 2 and the handle 1; position and install the blade 3 in the blade slot 4; put the assembled split indexable The indexable straight tooth beveling knife is installed on the processing equipment and starts cutting; when the cutting part 3-2 of the blade 3 is worn, remove the split indexable straight tooth beveling knife; remove the blade 3 from the blade groove 4 It is disassembled, indexed 180° and then repositioned and installed in the blade groove 4; install the reassembled split indexable straight tooth bevel cutter on the processing equipment, and use another cutting part 3-2 for cutting.

In the split-type indexable straight tooth cutting knife of the present invention, the connection between the blade 3 and the cutter head 2 is different from the existing straight tooth cutting knife blade and the cutter head being integrally fixedly connected. It is designed with a detachable and indexable positioning installation method, which avoids the situation where the traditional straight tooth cutting knife blade is damaged and the entire cutter head cannot be used. At the same time, through the indexable positioning installation method and the double symmetrical cutting part design of the blade 3, the indexable connection between the blade 3 and the cutter head 2 is realized, that is, the blade 3 can be quickly indexed by 180° 3. The replacement of new cutting edges is different from the traditional straight-tooth cutting blades whose blades are damaged and need to be stopped and re-sharpened, and its production efficiency is higher.

Example 2

This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1 and introduces the detailed structure of each part.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the blade 3 includes a mounting portion 3-1 and two cutting portions 3-2 symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the mounting portion 3-1. The two cutting parts 3-2 are symmetrically arranged and respectively include a rake surface a, a flank surface b and a cutting edge c.

A countersunk hole 7 is provided at the center of the mounting part 3-1; four centrally symmetrical positioning grooves 6 are formed on the lower surface of the mounting part 3-1. The countersunk hole 7 is used to cooperate with the blade bolt to securely clamp the blade 3 and the cutter head 2 .

As shown in Figure 4-6, the cutterhead 2 includes an integrally connected cutterhead base 2-1 and a cutterhead body 2-2; the diameter of the cutterhead base 2-1 is smaller than the cutterhead body 2-2. diameter of. The cutterhead base 2-1 is provided with a matching hole 9 and a cutterhead keyway 10. The blade slots 4 are circumferentially arranged on the upper edge of the cutterhead body 2-2. Each blade slot 4 is provided with two positioning blocks 5 . The size of the blade groove 4 is designed to be slightly larger than the blade 3; the blade 3 is placed in the blade groove 4, and the two adopt a clearance fit.

A convex pad block 11 is installed in the blade groove 4; two positioning blocks 5 are symmetrically arranged on the convex pad block 11. The design of the convex pad 11 is to cushion the blade 3 during processing and give the blade 3 a supporting force to avoid interference during processing. If the convex pad 11 is too small, the supporting force will be too little or the support will not be able to be supported. If the block 11 is too large, it will cause interference during processing. The size of the convex pad block 11 is designed to be slightly smaller than the blade 3.

As shown in Figure 7, the end of the tool handle 1 is provided with a mounting shaft 12 that matches the fitting hole 9; the tool handle 1 is provided with a tool handle keyway 13 that matches the cutterhead keyway 10; so The mounting shaft 12 is provided with internal threads 14.

The tool handle 1 and the cutter head 2 are positioned through a hole shaft fitting assembly and are detachably connected through a tool handle bolt 15 . The hole-axis fitting assembly includes a fitting hole 9 and a cutterhead keyway 10 opened on the cutterhead 2 and a mounting shaft 12 and a toolholder keyway 13 provided on the toolholder 1 . During assembly, the mounting shaft 12 is inserted into the matching hole 9, and the tool handle keyway 13 is matched with the cutterhead keyway 10, and then fixed through the tool handle bolts 15, so that the tool handle 1 and the knife are The hole shafts between the disks 2 are matched and installed. This realizes the transmission of motion and torque between the cutter head 2 and the tool handle 1.

Example 3

This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1 and introduces the design method of a split indexable straight tooth beveling knife.

A design method for a split-type indexable straight tooth cutting knife, including the following steps;

Step 1: Design of Blade 3

According to the actual processing situation, combined with the given processing parameters, the rake face is determined according to the designed rake angle, and the cutting edge of the tool is further determined; based on the obtained cutting edge, the flank face is constructed to complete the design of the cutting part 3-2; specifically Please refer to the "Design Method of Straight Teeth Cutting Knife Without Theoretical Tooth Form Error" (Application No.: 2012105863821).

According to the requirement that the blade 3 be indexable, centrally symmetrical positioning grooves 6 are designed on both sides of the mounting part 3-1;

In order to facilitate the installation of the blade 3 on the cutter head 2, a countersunk hole 7 is designed on the mounting part 3-1.

Step 2: Design of cutterhead 2

Based on the structure and installation requirements of the blade 3 designed in step 1, design a cutterhead that can be used to install the blade 3. The cutter head base 2-1 and the cutter head body 2-2 are designed according to the size of the split indexable straight tooth cutting knife.

A matching hole 9 is designed on the cutterhead base 2-1, and a cutterhead keyway 10 is designed outside the fitting hole 9.

A plurality of blade slots 4 are arranged in a circular array at equal intervals on the upper surface of the cutter head 2. The number of the blade slots 4 is equal to the number of cutter teeth. The positioning block 5 is designed with a symmetrical structure in the blade slot 4. The positioning block 5 and the mounting surface of the blade 3 adopt a clearance fit;

Step 3: Design of the tool handle

A mounting shaft 12 is designed at the front end of the tool holder; the size of the mounting shaft 12 refers to the size of the mating hole 9. The mounting shaft 12 is designed with an internal thread 14; the size of the internal thread 14 refers to the size of the tool holder bolt 15.

A toolholder keyway 13 is designed on the side of the toolholder 1; the size of the toolholder keyway 13 refers to the cutterhead keyway 10.

Example 4

This embodiment simulates the design method in Embodiment 3 to verify the rationality of its design.

According to the given processing parameters, finite element simulation was used to verify the rationality of the design of the split indexable straight tooth beveling cutter; the processing parameters are shown in Table 4:

Table 4 Material Properties

name blade hilt Cutter Rivet Material Carbide 40Cr 40CrMo 45 # steel Modulus of elasticity (P _a ) 6.0E+11 2.11E+11 2.12E+11 2.09E+11 Density (kg/mm ³ ) 14800 7.78E+03 7.85E+03 7890 Poisson's ratio 0.33 0.277 0.280 0.269

The overall maximum deformation value of the split indexable straight tooth profiling knife is obtained by applying force on the blade 3. Randomly select 5 blades 3 to apply force. The force exerted by the middle teeth is the largest and then decreases towards both sides. The force exerted by the middle teeth is 2000N, the force exerted by the outer two teeth is 1000N, and the force exerted by the outermost two teeth is 500N. Near the cutting edge c.

The tool adopts a "three-sided positioning" structure, imposes boundary conditions on the finite element model, limits the upper end surface of the tool holder 1 and the upper surface of the maximum outer circle of the tool holder 1, applies the force to be applied to the model, and adjusts the model Static simulation analysis was performed. Through the analysis of the simulation results, it can be found that the maximum deformation of the split indexable straight tooth beveling knife is 635.58Mpa, indicating that the design of the split indexable straight tooth beveling knife is reasonable.

For ease of explanation, spatially relative terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “left” and “right” are used in the embodiments to describe the position of one element or feature shown in the drawings relative to another element or feature. relation. It will be understood that the spatial terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" may encompass both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.

Furthermore, relative terms such as "first" and "second" are merely used to distinguish one component from another component having the same name and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship between these components. relationship or sequence.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can also make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and Retouching should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The application method of the split type indexable straight tooth scraping cutter is characterized in that the split type indexable straight tooth scraping cutter comprises a cutter handle, a cutter disc detachably connected with the cutter handle and blades circumferentially arranged and installed on the cutter disc;

a plurality of blade grooves are formed in the cutter disc in a circumferential arrangement mode; the blade is detachably arranged in the blade groove;

the blade is a straight tooth cutting blade and comprises a mounting part and two cutting parts symmetrically arranged on two sides of the mounting part;

two positioning blocks are symmetrically arranged in the blade groove; four positioning grooves are symmetrically formed in the mounting part; when the blade is indexed in the blade groove, the two positioning blocks are matched with two positioning grooves; the two cutting portions alternately cut.

The application method of the split indexable straight tooth gear cutting knife comprises the following steps:

positioning and mounting the cutterhead and the cutter handle; positioning and mounting a blade in the blade slot;

mounting the assembled split indexable straight tooth gear cutting knife on processing equipment, and starting cutting;

after the cutting part of the blade is worn, the split indexable straight tooth cutter is taken down; removing the blade from the blade groove, and repositioning and installing the blade in the blade groove after 180 degrees of transposition;

and mounting the reassembled split indexable straight tooth snatch knife on processing equipment, and cutting by using another cutting part.

2. The method of using a split indexable straight tooth snagging tooth knife according to claim 1, wherein the knife handle and the knife disc are positioned by a hole shaft matching component and are detachably connected by a knife handle bolt.

3. The method of using a split indexable straight tooth cutter as claimed in claim 2, wherein the hole-shaft mating assembly includes a mating hole and a cutter key slot formed in the cutter, and a mounting shaft and a handle key slot formed in the handle.

4. The method of using a split indexable straight tooth snagging tooth knife according to claim 3, wherein the mounting shaft is inserted into the mating hole to realize the axial positioning of the knife handle and the knife disc; the cutter head key slot is matched with the cutter handle key slot to realize circumferential positioning of the cutter handle and the cutter head.

5. The method of using a split indexable straight tooth serrated knife of claim 4 wherein the mounting shaft is provided with internal threads that mate with the handle bolts.

6. The method of using a split indexable straight tooth cutter as claimed in claim 4, wherein the cutterhead comprises a cutterhead base and a cutterhead body integrally connected; the diameter of the cutter head base is smaller than that of the cutter head body.

7. The method of using a split indexable straight tooth cutter according to claim 6, wherein the mating hole and the cutter head keyway are both disposed on the cutter head base;

the blade grooves are circumferentially arranged and formed in the upper edge of the cutter head body.

8. The method of using a split indexable straight tooth cutter according to claim 1, wherein counter bores are provided in the mounting portion and the insert pocket, respectively; and after the blade and the blade groove are positioned, a blade bolt penetrates through the countersink to fix the blade and the blade groove.

9. The method of using a split indexable straight tooth snatch tool according to claim 8, wherein a convex pad is installed in the blade groove; the two positioning blocks are symmetrically arranged on the convex cushion block.

10. The method of using a split indexable straight tooth serrated knife of claim 1 wherein the cutting portion comprises a rake face, a relief face and a cutting edge.