CN116851777B - SLM multi-scale digital tissue structure customization method based on ultrasonic compounding - Google Patents
SLM multi-scale digital tissue structure customization method based on ultrasonic compoundingInfo
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- CN116851777B CN116851777B CN202310745867.9A CN202310745867A CN116851777B CN 116851777 B CN116851777 B CN 116851777B CN 202310745867 A CN202310745867 A CN 202310745867A CN 116851777 B CN116851777 B CN 116851777B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/50—Treatment of workpieces or articles during build-up, e.g. treatments applied to fused layers during build-up
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
- B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于超声复合的SLM多尺度数字化组织结构定制方法，属于复合激光增材制造技术领域。方法包括：根据零件模型设计符合细晶结构特点的三维细晶骨架结构；将三维细晶骨架结构与所述零件模型进行布尔运算，得到成形基体结构；将布尔运算后得到的成形基体结构和三维细晶骨架结构，在同一三轴坐标按实际相对位置分别进行切片，得到两个切片数据；根据两个切片数据，将布尔运算后得到的成形基体结构或零件模型，和三维细晶骨架结构的原位复合，完成打印准备；控制超声复合SLM成形系统进行打印，直至打印完成。本发明利用超声形成特殊定制细化的亚晶及晶粒结构，实现晶粒、区域三维微结构、宏观晶体结构复合材料的多尺度数字化定制。
The present invention discloses a method for customizing a multi-scale digital organizational structure of an SLM based on ultrasonic compounding, and belongs to the technical field of composite laser additive manufacturing. The method comprises: designing a three-dimensional fine-grained skeleton structure that meets the characteristics of a fine-grained structure according to a part model; performing Boolean operations on the three-dimensional fine-grained skeleton structure and the part model to obtain a formed matrix structure; slicing the formed matrix structure and the three-dimensional fine-grained skeleton structure obtained after the Boolean operation at the same three-axis coordinates according to the actual relative positions to obtain two slice data; based on the two slice data, in-situ compounding the formed matrix structure or the part model obtained after the Boolean operation with the three-dimensional fine-grained skeleton structure to complete the printing preparation; controlling the ultrasonic compound SLM forming system to print until the printing is completed. The present invention uses ultrasound to form specially customized and refined subcrystals and grain structures to achieve multi-scale digital customization of grains, regional three-dimensional microstructures, and macroscopic crystal structure composite materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite laser additive manufacturing, in particular to an SLM multi-scale digital tissue structure customization method based on ultrasonic composite.
Background
Laser selective melting (SELECTIVE LASER MELTING, SLM) is one of the main technical approaches in laser additive manufacturing. The technique uses a laser beam as a main energy source, scans a specific area of a powder bed based on three-dimensional model slice data, and melts and solidifies metal powder into a part.
The laser selective zone melting is layer-by-layer accumulation forming, the forming system fills the forming cavity with protective atmosphere during conventional forming, firstly, one layer of layer thickness is reduced by the forming cylinder, then one layer of powder is paved on the powder bed by the powder paving vehicle, then the laser scanning system is started, the powder is scanned in a designated area of the powder bed according to slice data, the powder is solidified into a part after absorbing energy and is melted, and the process is repeated until the forming of the part is finished.
The laser selective melting technology has the advantages of high forming precision, good forming quality and the like, and has the complex structure manufacturing capability which is not possessed by the traditional material reduction. However, SLM forming is a rapid melting and solidification process with cooling solidification rates up to 103-108 ℃ per second, and the presence of a large temperature gradient between the center and edge of the melt pool surface tends to cause grains to readily grow into long columnar crystals in the melt pool in the direction of the temperature gradient (toward the <001> direction), causing anisotropy in microstructure and mechanical properties. The large difference in the mechanical properties in all directions also limits the practical application of the laser selective melting parts.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art to a certain extent, and provides an SLM multi-scale digital organization structure customizing method based on ultrasonic compounding.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an SLM multi-scale digital organization structure customizing method based on ultrasonic compounding comprises the following steps:
obtaining a part model to be processed, and designing a three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure conforming to the characteristics of the fine-grain structure according to the part model;
Performing Boolean operation on the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure and the part model to obtain a formed matrix structure;
slicing the formed matrix structure and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure obtained after Boolean operation respectively according to the actual relative positions on the same three-axis coordinate to obtain two slice data;
according to the two slice data, in-situ compounding the formed matrix structure or part model obtained after Boolean operation and the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure to finish printing preparation;
and controlling the ultrasonic composite SLM forming system to print until printing is completed.
Further, the ultrasonic composite SLM shaping system comprises:
A laser for generating laser light;
a forming cylinder, which is internally provided with a forming platform and is used for supporting a powder bed and placing a formed part structure;
The forming cavity is internally provided with a powder spreading unit which is used for spreading metal powder on a forming platform in the forming cylinder to form a powder bed;
and the ultrasonic device is used for generating ultrasonic waves acting on the molten pool, wherein the opening or closing of the ultrasonic device is controlled according to slice data of the three-dimensional fine crystal skeleton structure.
Further, the ultrasonic device is connected with the substrate for placing the workpiece to be processed, and ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic device are transmitted to the molten pool through the substrate and the part and act.
Further, the ultrasonic device is arranged in the forming cavity, an ultrasonic vibrator of the ultrasonic device has ultrasonic focusing and scanning movement functions, and generated ultrasonic waves are transmitted to a molten pool through a gas medium according to a preset focal length and act according to slice data of the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure.
Further, the controlling the ultrasonic composite SLM forming system to print comprises:
When the ultrasonic composite SLM forming system scans the slicing track of the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure, an ultrasonic device is turned on and acts on a molten pool.
Further, the in-situ compounding of the formed matrix structure and the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure obtained after boolean operation according to the two slice data includes:
and respectively importing the obtained slice data into preset printing control software, and enabling the forming matrix structure and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure to be in-situ compounded by setting the position coordinates of the slice data center position in a printing coordinate system.
Further, an ultrasonic composite SLM customization method of a three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure is realized by adopting a remelting method:
The method comprises the steps of simultaneously importing slice data of a part model and a three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure into preset printing control software, setting a printing sequence to scan and form a matrix structure, and firstly scanning an integral part area and then scanning the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure to remelt the slice area of the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure on the formed integral part area because of the overlapping part of the part model and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure, wherein an ultrasonic device is in an on state at the moment, ultrasonic composite remelting realizes grain refinement of a specific area and realizes fine grain customization of the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure.
Further, a forming method is adopted to realize ultrasonic composite SLM customization of the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure:
After the structural design of the part model and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure model is completed, performing Boolean operation on the two models to obtain a forming matrix structure hollowed out of the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure;
slicing the hollowed matrix model and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure model, and then importing the sliced matrix model and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure model into preset printing control software, wherein at the moment, no overlapping part exists between the formed matrix structure and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure;
The printing sequence is that the hollowed-out forming matrix structure is scanned firstly, at the moment, the hollowed-out forming matrix structure and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure are formed sequentially, when the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure is scanned by laser, an ultrasonic device is turned on, ultrasonic composite SLM forming is achieved, and meanwhile, preparation of an ultrasonic composite grain refinement structure is achieved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the ultrasonic is utilized to form special customized refined sub-crystals and crystal grain structures, and the multi-scale digital customization of the composite material with the three-dimensional microstructure and the macroscopic crystal structure of the crystal grains and the areas is realized. By utilizing different custom 'crystal structure composite materials' of different area grain structures, a 'fine crystal framework structure' is introduced into a material matrix formed by conventional SLM, and the complementation and association of the fine crystal structure and the matrix structure are realized, so that excellent comprehensive performance is obtained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention or the related technical solutions in the prior art, and it should be understood that the drawings in the following description are only for convenience and clarity of describing some embodiments in the technical solutions of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without the need of inventive labor for those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one implementation of an ultrasound composite SLM forming system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of two implementations of an ultrasound composite SLM forming system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic composite SLM customization of a three-dimensional "fine grain skeleton structure" achieved by a reflow process in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the realization of three-dimensional "fine-grain skeleton structure" ultrasound composite SLM customization by a shaping method in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of steps of a method for customizing an SLM multi-scale digitized tissue structure based on ultrasonic compounding in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The step numbers in the following embodiments are set for convenience of illustration only, and the order between the steps is not limited in any way, and the execution order of the steps in the embodiments may be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate that there are three cases of a alone, a and B together, and B alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
The composite laser additive manufacturing technology takes additive manufacturing as a main process, and adopts one or more auxiliary processes and additive manufacturing processes to couple and cooperatively work in the part manufacturing process, so that the process is optimized, and the performance of the part is improved. The ultrasonic composite laser selective melting technology is to add ultrasonic wave action in the laser selective melting or remelting process, and utilize cavitation, acoustic flow and vibration effect generated by ultrasonic wave in liquid metal to stir the melt, so as to reduce the temperature difference and temperature gradient of a molten pool, uniformly refine grain structure, disorder texture orientation, eliminate microscopic defects, reduce residual stress and improve anisotropism.
Therefore, the refinement and customization of SLM forming structure grains can be realized by adopting an ultrasonic auxiliary method, and according to the property and performance difference between the grain structures formed by the SLM under the action of ultrasonic, the composite material is used for optimally combining material components with different properties and maintaining the performance advantages of the components, and the ultrasonic is utilized to form special customized refined sub-crystals and grain structures, so that the multi-scale digital customization of the composite material with the three-dimensional microstructure and the macroscopic crystal structure of the grains and the areas is realized. By utilizing different custom 'crystal structure composite materials' of different area grain structures, a 'fine crystal framework structure' is introduced into a material matrix formed by conventional SLM, and the complementation and association of the fine crystal structure and the matrix structure are realized, so that excellent comprehensive performance is obtained. In general, the ultrasonic assisted SLM forming method is used to achieve digital customization of the crystalline structure composite material.
As shown in fig. 5, the embodiment provides an SLM multi-scale digitized tissue structure customizing method based on ultrasonic compounding, which is used for digitized multi-scale compounding of ultrasonic grain refinement, a three-dimensional structure and a composite structure material structure, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a part model to be processed, and designing a three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure conforming to the characteristics of the fine-grain structure according to the part model.
S2, carrying out Boolean operation on the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure and the part model to obtain a forming matrix structure.
S3, slicing the formed matrix structure and the three-dimensional fine grain skeleton structure obtained after Boolean operation according to the actual relative positions on the same three-axis coordinate, and obtaining two slice data.
S4, in-situ compounding the formed matrix structure or part model obtained after Boolean operation and the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure according to the two slice data, and completing printing preparation.
And S5, controlling the ultrasonic composite SLM forming system to print until printing is completed.
Wherein the ultrasonic composite SLM shaping system comprises:
A laser for generating laser light;
a forming cylinder, which is internally provided with a forming platform and is used for supporting a powder bed and placing a formed part structure;
The forming cavity is internally provided with a powder spreading unit which is used for spreading metal powder on a forming platform in the forming cylinder to form a powder bed;
and the ultrasonic device is used for generating ultrasonic waves acting on the molten pool, wherein the opening or closing of the ultrasonic device is controlled according to slice data of the three-dimensional fine crystal skeleton structure.
As an embodiment, see fig. 1, the ultrasonic device is connected to a base plate for placing the workpiece to be machined, and the ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic device are transmitted to the molten pool through the base plate and the part and act.
As another embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the ultrasonic device is installed in the forming cavity, and an ultrasonic vibrator of the ultrasonic device has ultrasonic focusing and scanning movement functions, and the generated ultrasonic waves are transmitted to a molten pool through a gas medium according to a preset focal length and act according to slice data of the three-dimensional fine-grain skeleton structure.
The two ultrasonic devices can adjust the ultrasonic amplitude through power adjustment, and the ultrasonic frequency can be adjusted through replacing the vibrator.
Specifically, the turning on or off of the ultrasonic device is performed according to slice data of the three-dimensional 'fine grain framework structure', namely, when the laser of the SLM forming system scans a slice track of the 'fine grain framework structure', ultrasonic waves are turned on and act. In the system of fig. 1, the ultrasonic vibrator is turned on and acts when the laser scans the slicing track of the fine-grain framework structure, and is turned off when the scanning is completed. In fig. 2, slice data of a fine grain framework structure is controlled to simultaneously control an ultrasonic focusing system and laser scanning, so that action focuses of the two systems are acted on a unified point. In the scanning process, the ultrasonic waves are turned off or on simultaneously along with the laser switch signals.
Further as an optional embodiment, the powder spreading unit comprises a powder spreading guide rail, a powder spreading scraper, a powder cylinder and an air inlet guide rail;
The powder cylinder is used for containing metal powder;
the powder spreading scraper is used for scraping metal powder from the powder cylinder and falling the powder after reaching a preset position along the powder spreading guide rail;
and the air inlet guide rail is used for inputting protective gas.
As an alternative implementation mode, the powder spreading scraper scrapes the powder of the powder cylinder above the forming cylinder through the scraper below the powder cylinder, spreads the powder, moves one layer upwards for each forming layer, descends one layer for the forming cylinder, spreads the powder once for the powder spreading scraper, and circulates reciprocally. As another alternative, the metal powder is contained in a powder cylinder which is disposed near the forming platform, the metal powder is sucked through a powder suction nozzle or other powder suction component, and the sucked metal powder is conveyed to the upper part of the forming platform through a moving platform for powder spreading. As another alternative implementation mode, the metal powder is contained in a powder bottle, the powder bottle is arranged outside a forming cavity and is connected with a powder falling nozzle through a pipeline, the powder falling nozzle is arranged in the forming cavity, the metal powder in the powder bottle is conveyed to the powder falling nozzle through air pressure, and the powder falling nozzle is moved to a preset position through a moving platform to spread powder.
Further as an optional implementation manner, the laser selective melting system further comprises a scanning galvanometer, wherein laser generated by the laser is input into the scanning galvanometer, and the scanning galvanometer is used for controlling scanning movement of the laser so as to enable the laser to scan in a preset area in the powder bed.
In some embodiments, the laser may be directed to different locations on the forming cylinder by scanning the galvanometer to control the angle of the firing angle of the laser so that the laser impinges on the forming cylinder to effect melting of all of the metal powder on the forming cylinder. In other embodiments, a moving platform is mounted on the forming cylinder, and the position of the moving platform is controlled to move so that laser irradiates different positions on a workpiece to be processed, thereby realizing the melting of metal powder at all positions.
The three-dimensional ultrasonic composite SLM customizing method of the fine grain framework structure is mainly two, namely a remelting method and a forming method.
Referring to fig. 3, the remelting method directly introduces slice data of the part model and the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure into printing control software at the same time, sets the printing sequence to scan the forming matrix structure first, scans the whole part area first and then scans the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure because of overlapping parts of the part model and the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure, remelts the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure slice area on the formed whole part area, and at the moment, ultrasonic is in an on state, ultrasonic composite remelting realizes grain refinement of a specific area, and realizes fine grain customization of the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure.
Referring to fig. 4, the forming method performs a boolean operation of "excluding" the two models after the structural design of the part model and the three-dimensional "fine grain framework structure" model is completed, so as to obtain a forming matrix structure hollowed out of the three-dimensional "fine grain framework structure" (the forming matrix model minus the three-dimensional "fine grain framework structure" model). At the moment, the hollowed matrix model and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure model are sliced and then are led into printing control software, and at the moment, the formed matrix structure and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure have no overlapped part. The printing sequence is that the hollowed-out forming matrix structure is scanned firstly, at the moment, the hollowed-out forming matrix structure and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure are formed sequentially, ultrasonic wave is started when the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure is scanned by laser, ultrasonic composite SLM forming is achieved, and meanwhile ultrasonic composite grain refinement structure preparation is achieved during forming.
In summary, the ultrasonic crystal grain refinement, three-dimensional structure and composite structure material structure are digitalized and multi-scale composite, namely ① firstly, a three-dimensional space structure model of the composite material is designed, namely, a three-dimensional fine crystal framework structure which accords with the characteristic of the fine crystal structure is designed according to a part model, and the three-dimensional fine crystal framework structure can be digitalized and designed at will. ② And carrying out Boolean operation on the fine grain framework structure and the original part model. ③ And then slicing the whole part model and the three-dimensional 'fine grain framework structure' subjected to Boolean operation in the same three-axis coordinate according to the actual relative position to obtain two slice data. ④ Meanwhile, the obtained slice data are respectively imported into printing control software, and the position coordinates of the slice data center position in a printing coordinate system are set so that the whole part model after Boolean operation and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure model are combined in situ. ⑤ And after the printing preparation is finished, starting an ultrasonic composite SLM forming system to print until the printing is finished. The application utilizes ultrasound to form special customized refined sub-crystals and grain structures, and realizes multi-scale digital customization of the composite material with the three-dimensional microstructure and the macroscopic crystal structure of grains and areas. By utilizing different custom 'crystal structure composite materials' of different area grain structures, a 'fine crystal framework structure' is introduced into a material matrix formed by conventional SLM, and the complementation and association of the fine crystal structure and the matrix structure are realized, so that excellent comprehensive performance is obtained.
In the foregoing description of the present specification, reference has been made to the terms "one embodiment/example", "another embodiment/example", "certain embodiments/examples", and the like, means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
While the preferred embodiment of the present application has been described in detail, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent modifications and substitutions are intended to be included in the scope of the present application as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An SLM multi-scale digital organization structure customizing method based on ultrasonic compounding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining a part model to be processed, and designing a three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure conforming to the characteristics of the fine-grain structure according to the part model;
Performing Boolean operation on the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure and the part model to obtain a formed matrix structure;
slicing the formed matrix structure and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure obtained after Boolean operation respectively according to the actual relative positions on the same three-axis coordinate to obtain two slice data;
according to the two slice data, the formed matrix structure or the part model obtained after Boolean operation is in-situ compounded with the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure, so as to complete printing preparation;
and controlling the ultrasonic composite SLM forming system to print until printing is completed.
2. The method for customizing an ultrasonic composite-based SLM multi-scale digitized tissue structure according to claim 1, wherein said ultrasonic composite SLM shaping system comprises:
A laser for generating laser light;
a forming cylinder, which is internally provided with a forming platform and is used for supporting a powder bed and placing a formed part structure;
The forming cavity is internally provided with a powder spreading unit which is used for spreading metal powder on a forming platform in the forming cylinder to form a powder bed;
and the ultrasonic device is used for generating ultrasonic waves acting on the molten pool, wherein the opening or closing of the ultrasonic device is controlled according to slice data of the three-dimensional fine crystal skeleton structure.
3. The method for customizing an SLM multi-scale digital organization structure based on ultrasonic compounding according to claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic device is connected with a substrate for placing a workpiece to be machined, and ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic device are transmitted to a molten pool through the substrate and the part and act.
4. The method for customizing an SLM multi-scale digital tissue structure based on ultrasonic compounding according to claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic device is arranged in the forming cavity, an ultrasonic vibrator of the ultrasonic device has ultrasonic focusing and scanning movement functions, and generated ultrasonic waves are transmitted to a molten pool through a gas medium according to a preset focal length and act according to slice data of a three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure.
5. The method for customizing an ultrasonic composite-based SLM multi-scale digitized tissue structure according to claim 2, wherein said controlling an ultrasonic composite SLM shaping system to print comprises:
When the ultrasonic composite SLM forming system scans the slicing track of the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure, an ultrasonic device is turned on and acts on a molten pool.
6. The method for customizing an SLM multi-scale digitized tissue structure based on ultrasonic compounding according to claim 1, wherein said in-situ compounding of the shaped matrix structure and the three-dimensional fine grain skeleton structure obtained after boolean operation according to two slice data comprises:
And respectively importing the obtained slice data into preset printing control software, and enabling the formed matrix structure and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure to be in-situ compounded by setting the position coordinates of the slice data center position in a printing coordinate system.
7. The ultrasonic composite SLM multi-scale digital organization structure customization method based on the ultrasonic composite SLM according to claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic composite SLM customization of the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure is realized by adopting a remelting method:
The method comprises the steps of simultaneously importing slice data of a part model and a three-dimensional fine grain framework structure into preset printing control software, and firstly scanning an integral part area and then scanning the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure to remelt the slice area of the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure on the formed integral part area because of overlapping parts of the part model and the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure, wherein an ultrasonic device is in an on state, and ultrasonic composite remelting realizes grain refinement of a specific area and fine grain customization of the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure.
8. The ultrasonic composite SLM multi-scale digital organization structure customization method based on the ultrasonic composite SLM according to claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic composite SLM customization of the three-dimensional fine grain framework structure is realized by adopting a shaping method:
After the structural design of the part model and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure model is completed, performing Boolean operation on the two models to obtain a forming matrix structure hollowed out of the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure;
Slicing the hollowed-out forming matrix structure model and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure model, and then importing the sliced forming matrix structure model and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure model into preset printing control software, wherein no overlapping part exists between the forming matrix structure and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure;
The printing sequence is that the hollowed-out forming matrix structure is scanned firstly, at the moment, the hollowed-out forming matrix structure and the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure are formed sequentially, when the three-dimensional fine-grain framework structure is scanned by laser, an ultrasonic device is started, ultrasonic composite SLM forming is achieved, and meanwhile ultrasonic composite grain refinement structure preparation is achieved.
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