CN116832936A - A device for grading utilization of prebaked anode residues and its utilization method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for grading utilization of prebaked anode residual electrodes and a utilization method thereof. It relates to the technical field related to the production of prebaked anodes and includes a residual electrode bin, a belt conveyor, an eddy current separator and a crusher. Directly above the conveyor, the eddy current separator is designed below the discharge end of the belt conveyor. The crusher is connected to a vibrating screen through a connecting pipe, and the vibrating screen is designed with two particle diameters; the vibrating screen passes through a conduit. A secondary eddy current separator and a powder bin are respectively fixedly connected, and the two secondary eddy current separators are connected to a large particle bin and a packing bin respectively. By adopting this method, the present invention allows the residual electrode powder with a high ash content of less than 0.15-1mm to be discharged into the dust bin and does not enter the prebaked anode production batching system. The amount of residual electrodes added during production can be increased to 25%. Above, the ash content index of the prebaked anode has been greatly improved, saving production costs.

Description

A device for grading utilization of prebaked anode residues and its utilization method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field related to the production of prebaked anodes, specifically a device for grading utilization of prebaked anode residual electrodes and a utilization method thereof.

Background technique

It is impossible to consume all the prebaked anodes used in the aluminum electrolysis process. The remaining parts are used as residual electrodes and are returned to the anode production system as raw materials after steel claw separation, electrolyte cleaning, carbon block crushing and other processes. During the return process, after stacking, pressing, manual cleaning (no electrolyte residue after cleaning of the residual electrodes is used as a test basis for cleaning the residual electrodes), primary crushing and secondary crushing, the particle size of the residual electrodes reaches the production requirements and is returned as aggregate. Production. The returned residual electrode has a certain impact on the mechanical strength, air reactivity residual and carbon dioxide reactivity residual of the prebaked anode. Appropriate prebaked anodes with residual electrodes have a good effect on reducing anode production costs, improving anode mechanical properties, and stabilizing anode production quality; the quality of prebaked anodes with high-quality residual electrodes is better than those with low content or no The quality of the prebaked anode that remains. However, in actual production, the aluminum electrolytic carbon enterprises that digest the residual electrodes have restricted factors in all aspects of production, resulting in the cleaning, stacking, crushing, self-grinding and other processes of the residual electrodes. There is a lot of electrolyte residue on the surface, and the electrolyte is not cleaned properly. After crushing, it directly enters the prebaked anode production system in the form of ash. The residual ash content has a direct impact on the prebaked anode ash content. Therefore, reducing the ash content brought into the prebaked anode by the residual electrode is the main method to reduce the ash content in the prebaked anode. At present, aluminum electrolytic plants that use returned residual electrodes mainly achieve ash control by controlling the amount of residual electrodes, strengthening cleaning of residual electrodes (such as manual cleaning with steel brushes), and self-grinding of residual electrode blocks.

After testing, the smaller the particles, the higher the ash content of the residual pole, especially the higher the soft residual pole. Trace elements Fe, N prebaked anode production, G prebaked anode production, prebaked anode production l and other alkali metals are obviously present in the small particle residues. The alkali metals react with the air reactive residues and carbon dioxide reactive residues of the prebaked anodes and in the prebaked anodes. Shedding on the electrolyzer has a direct impact. In particular, the return of residual electrodes to the anode production system without thorough cleaning can easily lead to a dramatic increase in carbon residue in the electrolytic cell, which will also affect the quality of the aluminum liquid. Therefore, controlling small-particle residual electrodes is of great significance to the quality of prebaked anodes.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a device for classifying and utilizing prebaked anode residues and a method of utilizing the same, so as to solve the problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a prebaked anode residual grading utilization device, including a residual electrode bin, a belt conveyor, an eddy current separator and a crusher, and the residual electrode bin is arranged in front of the belt conveyor. Above, the eddy current separator is designed below the discharge end of the belt conveyor. The crusher is connected to a vibrating screen through a connecting pipe, and the vibrating screen is designed with two particle diameters; the vibrating screens are fixedly connected to each other through conduits. Secondary eddy current separator and powder bin, the two secondary eddy current separators are connected to a large particle bin and a packing bin respectively.

Furthermore, a method for utilizing a prebaked anode residual grading utilization device is also provided, which includes the following steps:

S1. After the residual electrodes are cleaned with surface electrolyte and soft residual electrodes, they are coarsely crushed and sent to the residual electrode bin for later use.

S2. When batching, the residual electrodes flow out from the residual electrode bin and are sent to the eddy current separator through the vibrating feeder to separate iron impurities and non-ferrous metal impurities such as aluminum;

S3. The coarsely crushed residue with metal impurities separated is sent to the impact crusher via a belt conveyor for secondary crushing to particles below 15-20mm;

S4. The medium-crushed residual pole particles enter the residual pole classification screening machine. The classification screener is divided into two layers. The first layer of screen adopts a 4-8mm aperture, and the second layer of screen adopts a 0.15-1mm aperture. After two-layer screening processing, The residual electrodes are divided into three types of particles: large particle residual materials of 4-20mm, small particle residual materials of 0.15-8mm, and powder materials below 0.15-1mm;

S5. The screened out large-particle residual anode material of 4-20mm passes through the eddy current separator again to separate the metal impurities, and finally is directly added to the prebaked anode batching system as aggregate and fed into the prebaked anode production line;

S6. The screened out small particles of 0.15~8mm residual electrode material pass through the eddy current separator again to separate the metal impurities, and finally are used as roasted filler and sent to the filler bin;

S7, powder materials below 0.15-1mm are directly discharged into the dust bin, which can be used as fuel and mixed in low proportions into thermal coal for secondary recycling.

Furthermore, the screening treatment of the residual electrodes is improved. It first passes through the eddy current separator to separate iron impurities and non-ferrous metal impurities such as aluminum, and then the pellets after the residual electrodes are crushed are classified.

Furthermore, the permanent magnet iron remover in the eddy current separator in S2 first separates the iron particles, and the remaining residual poles pass through the eddy current separator to separate non-ferrous metals such as aluminum; the eddy current separator feed port configuration Vibrating feeder allows materials to pass through the sorting machine evenly.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

1. The prebaked anode residual grading utilization device and its utilization method. By using this method, the residual electrode powder with a high ash content of less than 0.15-1mm is discharged into the dust bin and does not enter the prebaked anode production batching system. The amount of the middle pair of residual electrodes can be increased to more than 25%, and the ash content of the prebaked anode is greatly improved, saving production costs. The eddy current separator is used to separate iron particles and aluminum and other non-ferrous metal particles from the residual electrodes, thereby reducing the damage caused by aluminum and iron particles to the crusher and screening system, reducing the production line shutdown time, and reducing the iron content in the residual electrodes. Use the eddy current separator to sort twice, and the metal particles are fully sorted. The sorting effect is better when the residual particle size is within a unified range. If the particle size difference is large, small-grained materials will enter the non-metallic discharge hopper. In this process, before entering the sorting process, the residues are first screened to ensure that the particle size of the materials is within a certain range, so that the materials are thrown at approximately the same distance, ensuring the separation effect.

2. The prebaked anode residual grading utilization device and its utilization method reduce the ash brought into the residual electrode by eliminating the residual electrode dust and separating the metal particles, increasing the proportion of the residual electrode in the ingredients, and reducing the production line shutdown time. , improve production efficiency, reduce production costs, and achieve cost reduction and efficiency increase.

Description of the drawings

The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a hierarchical utilization method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Please refer to Figure 1. The present invention provides a technical solution: a prebaked anode residual grading utilization device, including a residual electrode bin, a belt conveyor, an eddy current separator and a crusher. The residual electrode bin is located directly above the belt conveyor. The eddy current separator is designed below the discharge end of the belt conveyor. The crusher is connected to a vibrating screen through a connecting pipe, and the vibrating screen is designed with two particle diameters; the vibrating screen is fixedly connected to a secondary vibrating screen through a conduit. Eddy current separator and powder bin, the two secondary eddy current separators are connected to a large particle bin and a packing bin respectively.

Specifically, a method for utilizing a prebaked anode residual grading utilization device is also provided, which includes the following steps:

S1. After the residual electrodes are cleaned with surface electrolyte and soft residual electrodes, they are coarsely crushed and sent to the residual electrode bin for later use.

S2. When batching, the residual electrodes flow out from the residual electrode bin and are sent to the eddy current separator through the vibrating feeder to separate iron impurities and non-ferrous metal impurities such as aluminum;

S3. The coarsely crushed residue with metal impurities separated is sent to the impact crusher via a belt conveyor for secondary crushing to particles below 15-20mm;

S4. The medium-crushed residual pole particles enter the residual pole classification screening machine. The classification screener is divided into two layers. The first layer of screen adopts a 4-8mm aperture, and the second layer of screen adopts a 0.15-1mm aperture. After two-layer screening processing, The residual electrodes are divided into three types of particles: large particle residual materials of 4-20mm, small particle residual materials of 0.15-8mm, and powder materials below 0.15-1mm;

S5. The screened out large-particle residual anode material of 4-20mm passes through the eddy current separator again to separate the metal impurities, and finally is directly added to the prebaked anode batching system as aggregate and fed into the prebaked anode production line;

S6. The screened out small particles of 0.15~8mm residual electrode material pass through the eddy current separator again to separate the metal impurities, and finally are used as roasted filler and sent to the filler bin;

S7, powder materials below 0.15-1mm are directly discharged into the dust bin, which can be used as fuel and mixed in low proportions into thermal coal for secondary recycling.

In this embodiment, it can be flexibly adjusted according to production needs. After the eddy current separator before medium crushing separates iron impurities and non-ferrous metal impurities such as aluminum, if the separation efficiency reaches more than 95%, if it is necessary to simplify the production process and reduce production costs, the classification The secondary separation of metal after screening can be omitted; according to the ash content of different particle sizes in the residual electrodes and the particle size requirements of the prebaked anode formula, the screen aperture of the classification screening machine can be adjusted according to actual requirements.

Specifically, the screening treatment of the residual electrodes is improved. First, the iron impurities and non-ferrous metal impurities such as aluminum are separated through the eddy current separator, and then the pellets after the residual electrodes are crushed are classified. The eddy current separator in S2 is The permanent magnet iron remover first separates the iron particles, and the remaining residual poles pass through the eddy current separator to separate non-ferrous metals such as aluminum; the inlet of the eddy current separator is equipped with a vibrating feeder to allow the materials to pass through the separation evenly machine.

In this embodiment, according to S2, the eddy current separator separates iron particles larger than 2 mm and non-ferrous metal particles such as aluminum from the residual electrode. The permanent magnet iron remover in the eddy current separator first separates the iron particles, and the remaining residual poles pass through the eddy current separator to separate non-ferrous metals such as aluminum. The feed inlet of the eddy current separator is equipped with a vibrating feeder, so that the materials can pass through the separator evenly. The materials will not interfere with each other or overlap each other. Uneven feeding will affect the sorting effect.

Finally, it should be noted that the basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above detailed disclosure is only an example and does not constitute a limitation of this specification. Although not explicitly stated herein, various modifications, improvements, and corrections may be made to this specification by those skilled in the art. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this specification, and therefore such modifications, improvements, and corrections remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this specification. At the same time, this specification uses specific words to describe the embodiments of this specification. For example, "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and/or "some embodiments" means a certain feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this specification. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” or “an alternative embodiment” mentioned twice or more at different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. . In addition, certain features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this specification may be appropriately combined. In addition, unless explicitly stated in the claims, the order of the processing elements and sequences, the use of numbers and letters, or the use of other names in this specification are not intended to limit the order of the processes and methods in this specification.

Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some of the technical features may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a incomplete utmost point hierarchical utilization device of prebaked anode, includes incomplete utmost point storehouse, belt conveyor, vortex separator and breaker, and incomplete utmost point storehouse sets up directly over belt conveyor, and vortex separator is in belt conveyor's unloading end below design, its characterized in that: the crusher is connected with a vibrating screen through a communicating pipe, and the vibrating screen is designed into two particle diameter types; the vibrating screen is fixedly connected with a secondary vortex separator and a powder bin respectively through a guide pipe, and the two secondary vortex separators are communicated with a large particle bin and a filling bin respectively.

2. The utilization method of the prebaked anode scrap grading utilization device according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

s1, cleaning the anode scrap through surface electrolyte and soft anode scrap, and feeding the anode scrap into an anode scrap bin for standby after coarse crushing.

S2, during material mixing, the anode scrap flows out of the anode scrap bin, and is sent into a vortex separator through a vibration feeder to separate iron impurities, aluminum and other nonferrous metal impurities;

s3, conveying the coarsely crushed residual poles from which the metal impurities are separated into impact crushers through a belt conveyor to crush the coarse crushed residual poles to particles with the particle size of less than 15-20 mm;

s4, enabling the medium crushed anode scrap particles to enter an anode scrap classifying and screening machine, wherein the classifying and screening machine is divided into two layers, a first screen adopts a pore size of 4-8mm, a second screen adopts a pore size of 0.15-1mm, and the anode scrap is divided into large-particle anode scrap materials of 4-20mm, small-particle anode scrap materials of 0.15-8 mm and powder materials of 3 particles below 0.15-1mm through two layers of screening treatment;

s5, the large-particle anode scrap with the size of 4-20mm is screened out, metal impurities are separated out through an eddy current separator again, and finally the large-particle anode scrap is directly added into a pre-baked anode batching system as aggregate and is matched into a pre-baked anode production line;

s6, screening small-particle anode scrap with the diameter of 0.15-8 mm, separating out metal impurities again through a vortex separator, and finally sending the small-particle anode scrap into a filling bin as a roasting filling material;

s7, powder with the particle size of less than 0.15-1mm is directly discharged into a dust bin and can be used as fuel to be mixed in low proportion for secondary recycling in electric coal.

3. The utilization method of the prebaked anode scrap grading utilization device according to claim 2, wherein the utilization method comprises the following steps: the improved screening treatment of the anode scrap is carried out by separating iron impurities, aluminum and other nonferrous metal impurities through a vortex separator, and then grading treatment is carried out on the granules after the anode scrap is crushed.

4. The utilization method of the prebaked anode scrap grading utilization device according to claim 1, wherein the utilization method comprises the following steps: the permanent magnet iron remover in the vortex separator in the S2 firstly separates iron particles, and the rest anode scrap is separated out of nonferrous metals such as aluminum by a vortex separator; the vortex separator feed inlet is equipped with a vibratory feeder to allow the material to uniformly pass through the separator.