CN116814949A - Suspension roasting-arsenic collection treatment method for carbon-containing arsenic gold ore - Google Patents
Suspension roasting-arsenic collection treatment method for carbon-containing arsenic gold ore Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种含碳砷金矿悬浮焙烧‑收砷处理方法，属于矿物加工技术领域。本发明对含碳砷金矿进行两段悬浮焙烧氧化焙烧，将含碳砷金矿石中的碳元素、砷元素分段脱除，各阶段反应过程及产品可控可调，以得到性质均一的焙烧产品，使砷以As2O3烟气的形式排出，并利用气态As2O3的凝固特性，通过喷雾水降温使As2O3由气相转变为固相，最终通过布袋收尘器将As2O3晶体回收；实现脱除含碳含砷金矿中有害元素的目的。
The invention provides a suspension roasting-arsenic collection treatment method for carbon-containing arsenic gold ore, which belongs to the technical field of mineral processing. This invention performs two-stage suspension roasting and oxidation roasting on carbon-containing arsenic gold ore to remove carbon and arsenic elements from the carbon-containing arsenic gold ore in stages. The reaction process and products at each stage are controllable and adjustable to obtain uniform properties. The product is roasted to discharge arsenic in the form of As 2 O 3 flue gas, and the solidification characteristics of gaseous As 2 O 3 are used to cool the As 2 O 3 from the gas phase to the solid phase by spraying water, and finally the As 2 O 3 is converted into a solid phase through a bag dust collector. As 2 O 3 crystal recycling; achieving the purpose of removing harmful elements from carbon-containing and arsenic-containing gold ores.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing, and particularly relates to a suspension roasting-arsenic collection treatment method for carbon-containing arsenic gold ores.
Background
Arsenic-containing gold ore is one of the types of gold ores accepted in the world to be difficult to treat, and is the gold ore with the largest treatment capacity and highest recoverable economic value. The arsenic-containing gold ore resources in China are mainly distributed in southwest, northwest, northeast and other areas. The difficulty in arsenic-containing gold ore treatment is that gold minerals, arsenic-containing minerals (mainly arsenopyrite) and pyrite are in close symbiotic, gold is distributed in fine particles and is often wrapped in the arsenopyrite and pyrite or exists between single crystals of the arsenopyrite and pyrite, so that the gold separation difficulty is increased, meanwhile, the arsenic content in gold concentrate is high, the gold recovery rate is low, and the subsequent metallurgical work is not facilitated. At present, a flotation method is one of effective methods for pretreating arsenic-containing gold ores, and the purpose of flotation of the arsenic-containing gold ores is to separate arsenic from gold, thereby realizing recovery of cash. However, the research and improvement of the mineral separation process of the arsenic-containing gold ore are necessary, so that the economic benefit of the mineral separation technology can be improved, the environmental protection is facilitated, and the method has the meaning of sustainable development. The roasting oxidation method is a mature process, and is widely used due to strong adaptability, low operation cost and good comprehensive recovery effect.
Patent CN202010473082.7 discloses a method for strengthening gold leaching rate by suspension roasting of carbon-containing gold ore, in the method, crushed and ground fine ore is conveyed to a suspension roasting furnace and is in a suspension state under the action of air flow and negative pressure; cooling and grinding are carried out after dearsenification roasting and decarburization roasting, and the obtained mineral powder is added with water to prepare ore pulp for cyanide leaching. The method has the advantages of good continuity, strong adaptability and the like, but can discharge air pollutants at the same time, thereby causing negative influence on the environment. Patent CN202211323396.4 discloses a carbon-containing gold ore sectional microwave roasting-cyaniding gold extraction system, microwave heating has characteristics of fast speed, selective heating and the like, and the system treats carbon-containing gold ore by taking microwaves as a heat source, so that particles can be loosened and even cracks can be generated, and dissociation of gold particles is promoted, but microwave roasting energy consumption is larger, initial equipment investment is higher, and the system is extremely difficult to apply to industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art of separating the carbon-containing arsenic gold ore, the invention carries out oxidizing roasting on the carbon-containing arsenic gold ore, and the carbon element and the arsenic element in the carbon-containing arsenic gold ore are removed in sections, and the reaction process and the product in each stage are controllable and adjustable, so as to obtain a roasting product with uniform properties, and the purpose of removing harmful elements in the carbon-containing arsenic gold ore is realized.
The suspending roasting-arsenic collecting treatment method for the carbon-containing arsenic gold ore comprises the following steps:
step 1: continuously feeding a carbon-containing arsenic gold ore raw material with ore granularity of-1 mm into a two-stage cyclone preheater through a screw feeder for preheating to obtain a preheated material;
step 2: feeding the preheated materials into a pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace, connecting the bottom of the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace with a burner, introducing natural gas into the burner for combustion to form high-temperature flue gas, introducing air into the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace through an air inlet, at the moment, enabling the preheated materials to be in a suspension state under the action of the high-temperature flue gas and the air, carrying out dearsenization reaction in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace, and converting arsenic in ores into gaseous As 2 O 3 Discharging into a cyclone separation cylinder, enabling the arsenic-removed roasted material to rise along with the airflow, and enabling the material to enter a strong oxidation suspension roasting furnace after passing through the cyclone separation cylinder;
step 3: introducing air and nitrogen into the strong oxidation roasting furnace, and under the action of an ascending air flow, the material subjected to dearsenification roasting is in a suspension state, the oxygen excess coefficient is controlled to be 1.2-1.3, and the oxidation roasting temperature is 600-700 ℃ for 30-60min so as to remove carbon in ores; separating the strong oxidation slag powder after strong oxidation roasting by a cyclone, cooling by a cooler, grinding until the ore is 0.074mm to 80-90%, then performing cyanide leaching, and filtering the solid-liquid mixture after entering and exiting to finally obtain gold-containing noble liquid;
step 4: as after dearsenification and calcination 2 O 3 The flue gas is separated by a cyclone separator and is fed into a quenching tower after being collected by an electric dust collector; an atomization nozzle is arranged in the quenching tower and continuously sprays atomized water outwards, and gaseous As 2 O 3 The temperature is rapidly reduced and skips over the temperature range where glass bodies may be produced after contact with atomized water, and the direct sublimation forms As 2 O 3 A crystal grain;
step 5: cooling by quenching tower to produce As 2 O 3 The grains are collected by a cloth bag dust collector, and are stored after being packed by an automatic arsenic packing machine; the residual flue gas enters a sulfuric acid purification system for preparing acid to remove arsenic in the flue gas.
Further, the carbon-containing arsenical gold ore raw material in the step 1The gold grade of (2) is 4-7g/t, and contains TFe 4-8% and SiO by weight percentage 2 60～75％，As 2～7％，CaO 0.9～5％，MgO 2～6％，S4～9％。
Further, the temperature of the preheated material in the step 2 is 300-450 ℃, the reaction temperature of the preheated material in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace for carrying out dearsenification reaction is 480-580 ℃, the time is 3-10min, and the oxygen excess coefficient is controlled to be 0.75-1.
Further, the main reaction formula when the preheated material in the step 2 undergoes the dearsenification reaction is as follows:
2FeAsS+3/2O 2 ＝2FeS+As 2 O 3 (1)
in step 3, the chemical reaction mainly occurs:
2FeS 2 +5.5O 2 (g)＝Fe 2 O 3 +4SO 2 (g) (2)
C+O 2 (g)＝CO 2 (g) (3)。
further, in the step 3, the temperature of the material cooled by a cooler is less than or equal to 200 ℃.
Further, the materials separated by the cyclone separator in the step 3 are re-fed into the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace.
Further, the cyanide leaching conditions in step 3 are: the concentration of ore pulp is 30-45%, the leaching time is 20-32h, the pH of the ore pulp is 10-13, the added sodium cyanide amount is 1-5kg/t, and the leaching rate of the obtained Au is more than or equal to 90%.
Further, as described in step 4 2 O 3 The temperature of the flue gas before entering the quenching tower is 280-300 ℃, and the water spray cooling in the quenching tower can cool the flue gas to 120 ℃ in a quenching way, so that the temperature range of the glass body easy to generate is skipped.
Further, as described in step 4 2 O 3 The saturated vapor pressure of the flue gas after quenching by a quenching tower is 2 multiplied by 10 -3 mmHg, while As in the gaseous state 2 O 3 Theoretical value of 23mg/m 3 The arsenic collecting efficiency after quenching can reach more than 99 percent, and the temperature is reduced and arsenic is settled thoroughly.
Further, in the step 4, the quenching tower is made of steel lining ceramic tiles or steel lining MO245 materials, the atomizing nozzle is made of tungsten carbide, and the bag-type dust collector in the step 5 is made of high-temperature resistant materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention preheats the carbon-containing arsenical gold ore by cyclone and calcines the pre-oxidized suspension state under low oxygen concentration, so that the arsenic in the poisonous sand (FeAsS) is As 2 O 3 Is discharged in the form of flue gas and utilizes gaseous As 2 O 3 Is cooled by spraying water to make As 2 O 3 Changing gas phase into solid phase, finally passing through a bag dust collector to remove As 2 O 3 Recovering crystals; the material after pre-oxidation suspended roasting is fed into a strong oxidation roasting furnace to remove graphite carbon and organic carbon in the ore, and then leaching is carried out to realize gold recovery.
2. Arsenic and carbon in the carbon-containing arsenic-gold ore can be removed step by step through two-stage suspension roasting, the reaction process and the product at each stage are controllable and adjustable, and a roasting product with uniform properties can be produced; at the same time can be used for treating As generated in the process 2 O 3 The flue gas is recycled by a dry method, so that the emission standard is met, and meanwhile, the economic benefit of enterprises can be increased. In addition, the system has the advantages of mature equipment process and large treatment capacity, and has better industrial application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a suspension roasting-arsenic collection treatment method for carbon-containing arsenical gold ores.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
In order that the invention may be readily understood, several embodiments of the invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which, however, the invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein, but instead is provided for the purpose of providing a more thorough and complete disclosure of the invention.
For a further description of the invention, the process according to the invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The gold grade of the carbon-containing arsenical gold ore adopted in the embodiment of the invention is 4-7g/t, and the carbon-containing arsenical gold ore contains TFe 4-8% by weight percent and SiO 2 60～75％，As 2～7％，CaO 0.9～5％，MgO 2～6％，S4～9％。
The suspension roasting-arsenic collection treatment method for the carbon-containing arsenic gold ore in the embodiment of the invention has a flow shown in figure 1.
Example 1
The suspending roasting-arsenic collecting treatment method for the carbon-containing arsenic gold ore comprises the following steps:
step 1: the gold grade of the carbon-containing arsenic gold ore is 4.74g/t, and the carbon-containing arsenic gold ore contains TFe6.20 percent by weight and SiO 2 61.07％，CaO4.07％，MgO 2.10％，S6.37％，As 4.23％，C 2.40％；
Continuously feeding the crushed and ground carbonaceous arsenic gold ore raw materials with the diameter of-1 mm into a two-stage cyclone preheater through a first screw feeder for preheating, wherein the temperature of the preheated raw materials is 300 ℃;
step 2: the preheated material is fed into a pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace, the bottom of the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace is connected with a burner, natural gas and air are introduced into the burner for combustion to form high-temperature smoke, the preheated material is in a suspension state under the action of the high-temperature smoke, the preheated material is heated to 560 ℃ and stays in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace for 4.2min, and at the moment, the oxygen excess coefficient in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace is 0.80. As in the form of FeAsS in the ore, the arsenic element being converted into a gaseous state 2 O 3 Discharging into a cyclone separation cylinder, leading the pre-oxidized roasting product to rise along with the airflow, and leading the pre-oxidized roasting product to enter a strong oxidized suspension roasting furnace after passing through the cyclone separation cylinder;
step 3: introducing air and nitrogen into the strong oxidation roasting furnace, wherein the oxygen excess coefficient is 1.25, the material is in a suspension state under the action of upward air flow, and roasting for 40min at 650 ℃, wherein the obtained material is a final roasting product. After cyclone separation and cooling by a cooler, the temperature of the material is 130 ℃. Grinding the roasted product until the ore size is-0.074 mm and accounts for 85%, selecting leaching conditions of 40% of pulp concentration, 24 hours of leaching time, 12% of pulp pH and 5kg/t of sodium cyanide, and leaching the obtained gold with a leaching rate of 91.57%;
the flue gas generated by pre-oxidation suspension roasting is fed into a quenching tower through a cyclone separator and an electric dust collector, and the quenching tower is made of steel lining ceramic tile. After arsenic is recovered by cloth bags and diluted acid, the removal rate of arsenic in the flue gas is 99.83 percent.
Example 2
The process is the same as in example 1, except that:
(1) The gold grade of the carbon-containing arsenical gold ore adopted in the embodiment of the invention is 6.80g/t, and the carbon-containing arsenical gold ore contains TFe5.57 percent by weight and SiO 2 72.31％，C 6.74％，As 4.20％，CaO 0.98％，MgO 2.66％，S6.12％；
(2) The temperature of the material preheated by the cyclone preheater is 450 ℃, the temperature of the preheated material in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace for carrying out dearsenification reaction is 520 ℃, the residence time of the preheated material in the suspension heating furnace is 4min, and the oxygen excess coefficient in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace is 0.85;
(3) The roasting temperature in the strong oxidation roasting process is 630 ℃, the oxygen excess coefficient is 1.3, and the roasting time is 45min;
(4) The fineness of the ore grinding of the roasted product is-0.074 mm and 90%, the pH value of ore pulp is 11, the dosage of sodium cyanide is 4kg/t, and the leaching rate of the obtained gold is 90.87%;
(5) Pre-oxidizing the As obtained by calcination 2 O 3 After the arsenic is recovered by the cloth bag and the arsenic is recovered by the dilute acid, the removal rate of the arsenic in the flue gas is 99.94 percent.
Example 3
The process is the same as in example 1, except that:
(1) The gold grade of the carbon-containing arsenical gold ore adopted in the embodiment of the invention is 3.69g/t, and the carbon-containing arsenical gold ore contains TFe8.53 percent by weight and SiO 2 68.04％，C 4.77％，As 6.77％，CaO 1.95％，MgO 5.67％，S8.21％；
(2) The temperature of the material preheated by the preheater is 410 ℃, the temperature of the preheated material in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace for carrying out dearsenification reaction is 540 ℃, the residence time of the preheated material in the suspension heating furnace is 3.6min, and the oxygen excess coefficient in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace is 0.85;
(3) The roasting temperature in the strong oxidation roasting process is 630 ℃, the oxygen excess coefficient is 1.3, and the roasting time is 50min;
(4) The temperature of the material after being cooled by a cooler is 120 ℃;
(5) The fineness of the ore grinding of the roasted product is-0.074 mm accounting for 90%, and the leaching rate of the obtained gold is 91.11%;
(6) Pre-oxidizing the As obtained by calcination 2 O 3 After the arsenic is recovered by the cloth bag and the arsenic is recovered by the dilute acid, the removal rate of the arsenic in the flue gas is 99.52 percent.
Example 4
The system and steps are the same as in example 1, except that:
(1) The gold grade of the carbon-containing arsenical gold ore adopted in the embodiment of the invention is 5.23g/t, and the carbon-containing arsenical gold ore contains TFe4.77 percent and SiO by weight percent 2 60.89％，C 2.58％，As 2.91％，CaO4.66％，MgO 3.32％，S4.67％；
(2) The temperature of the material preheated by the first cyclone preheater is 390 ℃, the temperature of the preheated material in the preoxidation suspension roasting furnace for carrying out dearsenification reaction is 550 ℃, and the residence time of the preheated material in the suspension heating furnace is 5min;
(3) Roasting time is 60min in the strong oxidation roasting process;
(3) The temperature of the material after being cooled by a cooler is 110 ℃;
(4) The fineness of the ore grinding of the roasted product is-0.074 mm accounting for 90 percent, and the leaching rate of gold obtained after leaching is 93.02 percent;
(5) Pre-oxidizing the As obtained by calcination 2 O 3 After the arsenic is recovered by the cloth bag and the arsenic is recovered by the dilute acid, the removal rate of the arsenic in the flue gas is 99.97 percent.
Claims (9)
1. The suspending roasting-arsenic collecting treatment method for the carbon-containing arsenic gold ore is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: continuously feeding a carbon-containing arsenic gold ore raw material with ore granularity of-1 mm into a two-stage cyclone preheater through a screw feeder for preheating to obtain a preheated material;
step 2: feeding the preheated materials into a pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace, connecting the bottom of the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace with a burner, introducing natural gas into the burner for combustion to form high-temperature flue gas, introducing air into the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace through an air inlet, at the moment, enabling the preheated materials to be in a suspension state under the action of the high-temperature flue gas and the air, carrying out dearsenization reaction in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace, and converting arsenic in ores into gaseous As 2 O 3 Discharging into a cyclone separation cylinder, enabling the arsenic-removed roasted material to rise along with the airflow, and enabling the material to enter a strong oxidation suspension roasting furnace after passing through the cyclone separation cylinder;
step 3: introducing air and nitrogen into the strong oxidation roasting furnace, and under the action of an ascending air flow, the material subjected to dearsenification roasting is in a suspension state, the oxygen excess coefficient is controlled to be 1.2-1.3, and the oxidation roasting temperature is 600-700 ℃ for 30-60min so as to remove carbon in ores; separating the strong oxidation slag powder after strong oxidation roasting by a cyclone, cooling by a cooler, grinding until the ore is 0.074mm to 80-90%, then performing cyanide leaching, and filtering the solid-liquid mixture after entering and exiting to finally obtain gold-containing noble liquid;
step 4: as after dearsenification and calcination 2 O 3 The flue gas is separated by a cyclone separator and is fed into a quenching tower after being collected by an electric dust collector; an atomization nozzle is arranged in the quenching tower and continuously sprays atomized water outwards, and gaseous As 2 O 3 The temperature is rapidly reduced and skips over the temperature range where glass bodies may be produced after contact with atomized water, and the direct sublimation forms As 2 O 3 A crystal grain;
step 5: cooling by quenching tower to produce As 2 O 3 The grains are collected by a cloth bag dust collector, and are stored after being packed by an automatic arsenic packing machine; the residual flue gas enters a sulfuric acid purification system for preparing acid to remove arsenic in the flue gas.
2. The method for suspension roasting and arsenic collection treatment of gold ore containing carbon and arsenic according to claim 1, which is characterized in thatCharacterized in that the gold grade of the raw material of the gold ore containing carbon and arsenic in the step 1 is 4-7g/t, and the raw material contains TFe 4-8 percent by weight percent and SiO 2 60～75％，As 2～7％，CaO 0.9～5％，MgO 2～6％，S4～9％。
3. The method for suspension roasting and arsenic collection treatment of gold ore containing carbon and arsenic according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the preheated material in the step 2 is 300-450 ℃, the reaction temperature of the dearsenification reaction of the preheated material in the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace is 480-580 ℃, the time is 3-10min, and the oxygen excess coefficient is controlled to be 0.75-1.
4. The method for suspension roasting and arsenic collection treatment of gold ore containing carbon and arsenic according to claim 1, wherein the main reaction formula when the preheated material in the step 2 undergoes the dearsenification reaction is as follows:
2FeAsS+3/2O 2 ＝2FeS+As 2 O 3 (1)
in step 3, the chemical reaction mainly occurs:
2FeS 2 +5.5O 2 (g)＝Fe 2 O 3 +4SO 2 (g) (2)
C+O 2 (g)＝CO 2 (g) (3)。
5. the method for suspension roasting and arsenic collection treatment of gold ore containing carbon and arsenic according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the temperature of the material after being cooled by a cooler is less than or equal to 200 ℃.
6. The method for suspension roasting and arsenic collection treatment of gold ores containing carbon and arsenic according to claim 1, wherein the materials separated by the cyclone separator in the step 3 are re-fed into the pre-oxidation suspension roasting furnace.
7. The method for suspension roasting-arsenic collection treatment of carbon-containing arsenical gold ore according to claim 1, wherein the conditions of the cyanide leaching in step 3 are as follows: the concentration of ore pulp is 30-45%, the leaching time is 20-32h, the pH of the ore pulp is 10-13, the added sodium cyanide amount is 1-5kg/t, and the leaching rate of the obtained Au is more than or equal to 90%.
8. The method for suspension roasting-arsenic collection treatment of gold ore containing carbon and arsenic according to claim 1, wherein the As in step 4 2 O 3 The temperature of the flue gas before entering the quenching tower is 280-300 ℃, and the water spray cooling in the quenching tower can cool the flue gas to 120 ℃ in a quenching way, so that the temperature range of the glass body easy to generate is skipped.
9. The method for suspension roasting-arsenic collection treatment of gold ore containing carbon and arsenic according to claim 1, wherein the As in step 4 2 O 3 The saturated vapor pressure of the flue gas after quenching by a quenching tower is 2 multiplied by 10 -3 mmHg, while As in the gaseous state 2 O 3 Theoretical value of 23mg/m 3 The arsenic collecting efficiency after quenching can reach more than 99 percent, and the temperature is reduced and arsenic is settled thoroughly.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004035844A1 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-04-29 | Beijing Goldtech Co., Ltd | The process for extracting gold in arsenic-containing concerntrate of gold and the equipment thereof |
| CN1904094A (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2007-01-31 | 山东国大黄金股份有限公司 | Method of extracting gold and silver from arsenic containing aurin ore |
| CN1994531A (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2007-07-11 | 山东国大黄金股份有限公司 | Process for purifying arsenic-containing mineral burned fume |
| CN111500852A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-07 | 东北大学 | A carbon-containing gold ore suspension roasting system |
| CN112391524A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-23 | 广东天源环境科技有限公司 | High-arsenic metal mineral powder arsenic removal equipment with high-efficiency arsenic-containing gas treatment device |
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2023
- 2023-08-03 CN CN202310969201.1A patent/CN116814949A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004035844A1 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-04-29 | Beijing Goldtech Co., Ltd | The process for extracting gold in arsenic-containing concerntrate of gold and the equipment thereof |
| CN1904094A (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2007-01-31 | 山东国大黄金股份有限公司 | Method of extracting gold and silver from arsenic containing aurin ore |
| CN1994531A (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2007-07-11 | 山东国大黄金股份有限公司 | Process for purifying arsenic-containing mineral burned fume |
| CN111500852A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-07 | 东北大学 | A carbon-containing gold ore suspension roasting system |
| CN112391524A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-23 | 广东天源环境科技有限公司 | High-arsenic metal mineral powder arsenic removal equipment with high-efficiency arsenic-containing gas treatment device |
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