CN116771352A - Collection equipment and method for collapse-type sea sand extraction - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a collection equipment and method for collapse-type sea sand extraction, which includes an operating mother ship, a T-shaped outer pipe, a driving device, an inner sand pumping pipe, a collection head, a sand-breaking excavation device, a collapse-promoting jet nozzle and an electronic control system. , the left and right ends of the rear side of the T-shaped outer tube are rotationally matched with the operating mother ship. There is a high-pressure water pipe inside the T-shaped outer tube. There are multiple collapse-promoting jet nozzles, which are arranged on the outer wall at intervals along the length of the longitudinal tube body. The high-pressure water pipe supplies water to each collapse-promoting jet nozzle. The collection head is installed at the front end of the T-shaped outer pipe, and the sand pumping inner pipe is installed inside the T-shaped outer pipe. Its front end is fixedly and sealingly connected to the collection head, and the rear end is connected to a suction pump. The collection head is equipped with three expansion jet heads, which are evenly arranged in an annular shape around the suction port. The sand breaking and excavation device is located on the collection head. The invention directly extracts lower sea sand, reduces damage to the seabed ecological environment, and has the advantages of high extraction efficiency and low cost.

Description

Collection equipment and method for collapse-type sea sand extraction

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of marine sand mining, and in particular to a collection equipment and method for collapse-type sea sand extraction.

Background technique

Sea sand is divided into upper sea sand and lower sea sand. The upper sea sand has smaller particle size, more impurities, and poor economic benefits. The lower sea sand is the main target of sand mining. The existing technology directly extracts the upper sea sand and peels off the upper layer. The lower sea sand can only be collected after the sea sand has been collected, resulting in reduced efficiency, and the upper sea sand also needs to be discharged and other treatments, causing secondary pollution. The upper sea sand is the main habitat for seabed organisms. Existing sand mining devices and methods directly destroy the site completely and create a large amount of suspended sediment, which has a greater impact on the mining area and the surrounding environment. Because the lower sea sand has been buried deep for a long time, it may be hard and the sand particles are firmly bonded. It is difficult to crush and collect it with ordinary hydraulic drainage mining methods. Mechanical auxiliary crushing can improve the crushing efficiency, but mechanical Long-term operation of the device will greatly increase the energy consumption on the ship and increase the collection cost. Therefore, the existing technology needs to be further improved and improved.

Contents of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, one purpose of the present invention is to propose a collection equipment for collapse-type sea sand extraction, which solves the problem that when collecting the lower sea sand, the upper sea sand needs to be stripped off first. The lower sea sand has high strength and is difficult to break, resulting in mining The cost is high, the efficiency is reduced, and a large amount of suspended sediment is produced, which has a great impact on the mining area and the surrounding environment.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

A collection equipment for collapse-type sea sand extraction, including an operating mother ship, a T-shaped outer pipe, a driving device, an inner sand pumping pipe, a collection head, a sand-breaking excavation device, a collapse-promoting jet nozzle and an electronic control system. The T-shaped The outer tube is composed of a longitudinal tube body and a transverse tube body connected together. The middle part of the operation mother ship has a long slot that can accommodate the longitudinal tube body. Both ends of the transverse tube body are rotationally matched with the operation mother ship.

The driving device is located on the right side of the work mother ship and includes a first motor and a worm gear mechanism. The output end of the first motor can drive the T-shaped outer tube to rotate around the axis of its transverse tube body through the worm gear mechanism.

There is a high-pressure water pipe inside the T-shaped outer tube, and there are multiple collapse-promoting jet nozzles. All collapse-promoting jet nozzles are arranged on the outer wall at intervals along the length of the longitudinal tube body. The high-pressure water pipe supplies water to each collapse-promoting jet nozzle. .

The collection head is fixedly installed on the front end of the longitudinal pipe body, and a suction port is provided in the center. The sand pumping inner pipe is installed inside the T-shaped outer pipe. Its front end is fixedly and sealingly connected to the collection head, and the rear end extends to the T-shaped outer pipe. The outside of the tube is connected to a suction pump.

The collection head is equipped with three expansion jet heads. The three expansion jet heads are evenly arranged in an annular shape around the suction port and are supplied with water by high-pressure water pipes. A sand-breaking excavation device is installed on the collection head for the collection head to pass through the upper layer. sand layer, reaching the bottom of the underlying sand layer.

Further, the rear end of the longitudinal tube body is fixedly connected to the middle part of the transverse tube body and integrated, and the left and right end surfaces of the transverse tube body are provided with end plates that can seal the interior thereof.

There are two bearing seats symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the operation mother ship, and the left and right ends of the transverse tube body are rotatably connected to the bearing seats on the same side through bearings respectively.

Further, the first motor is fixedly installed on the right side of the work mother ship, its output end is connected to the input end of the reducer, and the signal end of the first motor is communicatively connected to the electronic control system.

The worm gear of the worm gear mechanism is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the transverse tube body and arranged coaxially with it. The worm gear of the worm gear mechanism is fixed on the output end of the reducer. When working, the first motor drives the worm to rotate through the reducer. The worm engages with the worm gear and drives the T-shaped outer tube to rotate around the axis of the transverse tube body.

Further, the main part of the inner sand pumping pipe is arranged coaxially with the longitudinal pipe body. One end of the inner sand pumping pipe is connected to the suction port, and the other end passes through the center of the end plate on the left side. The outer wall of the sand pumping inner pipe is in contact with the suction port. The left end plate is fixed and sealed.

The high-pressure water pipe is provided with first branch pipes that are equal in number and corresponding to the positions of the collapse-promoting jet nozzles. Each collapse-promoting jet nozzle is connected to the high-pressure water pipe through the corresponding first branch pipe. The first branch pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve. The solenoid valve The signal end is connected to the electronic control system for communication.

The inlet end of the high-pressure water pipe passes through the end plate on the left and is connected to a high-pressure water pump.

Further, three rotating ball heads are provided on the front end surface of the collection head. The three expansion jet heads are respectively installed on the surfaces of the three rotating ball heads in an eccentric manner. The rotating ball heads and the collection head rotate and seal in cooperation.

Each rotating ball head is equipped with a hollow shaft servo motor. The hollow shaft servo motor drives the corresponding rotating ball head to rotate. One end of the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft servo motor is connected to the expansion jet head, and the other end passes through the third shaft with a rotating seal joint. The two branch pipes are connected with the high-pressure water pipe.

Further, three mounting seats are fixed on the front end surface of the collection head. The three mounting seats are evenly arranged in an annular shape around the suction port, and are alternately arranged with the three expansion jet heads.

The sand-breaking excavation device includes three excavation jet heads. The three excavation jet heads are respectively installed on three mounting seats. Each excavation jet head is arranged tilted relative to the axial direction of the longitudinal pipe body. The inlet end of the excavation jet head passes through the third The branch pipes are connected to the high-pressure water pipes.

The jet directions of each excavation jet head converge inward, forming a jet intersection in front of the suction port.

Further, three mounting seats 2 are fixed on the front end surface of the collection head. The three mounting seats 2 are evenly arranged in an annular shape around the suction port, and are alternately arranged with the three expansion jet heads.

The sand-breaking excavation device includes a second motor, a transmission mechanism and three picks. The three picks are respectively arranged on three mounting seats 2. The pick shaft of each pick is in rotational sealing cooperation with the corresponding mounting seat 2.

The second motor is fixedly installed on the right side of the operating mother ship, and its output end drives each pick to rotate synchronously through a transmission mechanism.

Further, the transmission mechanism includes a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a gear assembly. The first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the right side of the transverse tube body and is coaxially arranged relative thereto.

The right end of the first rotating shaft is connected to the output end of the second motor. The second rotating shaft is arranged inside the longitudinal tube along the axis direction and rotates with the longitudinal tube. The rear end of the second rotating shaft is connected to the left end of the first rotating shaft. Connected by bevel gear transmission.

The front end of the second rotating shaft is connected to the pick shafts of the three picks through a gear assembly, and drives the three picks to rotate synchronously.

Further, the collection head has a cavity inside, and the gear assembly includes a first spur gear, a double gear and three second spur gears. The double gear is composed of a large gear ring and a small gear ring connected through a connecting sleeve. Integrated structure, the rotation is set at the connection between the collection head and the longitudinal tube body.

The first spur gear is installed at the front end of the first rotating shaft and meshes with the small gear ring. The three second spur gears are evenly arranged on the circumference with the axis of the longitudinal tube body as the center, and all mesh with the large gear ring. The second spur gears The gear shaft rotates with the collection head.

The pick shafts of the three picks are movably connected to the gear shafts of the three second spur gears through cross universal couplings. When working, the first spur gear drives each second spur gear to rotate through the double gear. The rotation of the spur gear drives the pick to rotate through the cross universal coupling.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for collecting equipment for collapse-type sea sand extraction.

A collection method for collapse-type sea sand extraction, using the above-mentioned collection equipment for collapse-type sea sand extraction, the collection method includes the following steps:

S1, the operation mother ship reaches the water surface above the operation area, the first motor is started, and the first motor drives the T-shaped outer tube to rotate downward around the axis of the transverse tube body through the worm gear mechanism, and the collection head moves downward to reach the upper surface of the upper sea sand .

S2, the sand-breaking excavation device starts to work. The collection head enters the interior of the upper sea sand by jet excavation or mechanical excavation. The T-shaped outer tube continues to rotate downward under the action of the driving device. At the same time, the operation mother ship cooperates with the T-shaped outer tube. angle to adjust the position.

The collection head moves downward through the upper sea sand to the bottom of the lower sea sand. When the angle between the longitudinal body of the T-shaped outer tube and the horizontal direction is equal to the collapse angle θ, the T-shaped outer tube stops moving, and the operation mother ship anchors and fixes the ship. body.

S3, three expanding jet heads spray high-pressure water outwards, impacting the lower sea sand around the collection head to loosen it. At the same time, the suction pump starts to work, and the lower sea sand around the collection head enters the inner sand pumping pipe through the suction port. The lower sea sand in the sand pumping inner pipe is pumped to the operating mother ship.

After the lower sea sand around the collection head is pumped away, a cavity will appear in front of it and continue to expand. The upper sea sand above the cavity will form a funnel-shaped collapse under the action of gravity, and the lower sea sand around the collection port will collapse. Keep pumping away.

S4, when the upper layer of sea sand above the T-shaped outer tube does not collapse as scheduled, the collapse-promoting jet nozzle begins to spray high-pressure water outwards, impacting the upper layer of sea sand on the periphery of the longitudinal tube body, and promotes the upper layer of sea sand to collapse to around the collection head. The pumped sand is pumped through the inner tube to the operating mother ship.

S5. During the extraction process, when the staff observes the presence of upper sea sand in the sea sand pumped to the operation mother ship, it is determined that the lower sea sand in the operation area has been collected and the suction pump stops working.

The operation mother ship retracts the anchor and releases it. The first motor drives the T-shaped outer tube to rotate upward through the worm gear mechanism. The collection head comes out of the sea sand and returns to the initial state. The operation mother ship moves to the water surface above the next operation area. Follow S1 to S4 working mode for sand mining operations.

By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are: the present invention does not need to strip the upper sea sand, but can directly extract the lower sea sand, greatly reducing the impact on seabed organisms, and the sediment suspension can also be greatly reduced. The collection head is equipped with a sand-breaking jet device to drill the collection head into the bottom of the lower sea sand. Then, after extracting the surrounding broken sea sand, a cavity is formed. The self-gravity of the upper sea sand is used to cause collapse, and the self-weight crushing is achieved before falling into the collection. Collecting after the head suction range can greatly reduce energy consumption, high collection efficiency, and reduce mining costs.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a collection equipment for collapse-type sea sand extraction according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the first implementation of the collection equipment for collapse-type sea sand extraction according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is an internal structural diagram of the T-shaped outer pipe, collection head and sand breaking excavation device of the present invention in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is an internal structural diagram of the T-shaped outer tube, collection head and expansion jet head of the present invention in Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the T-shaped outer tube of the present invention and its internal structure in Figure 2 .

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a collection head and its related structure in the second implementation of the present invention.

Figure 7 is an internal structural diagram of the T-shaped outer pipe, collection head and sand-breaking excavation device in the second implementation of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the T-shaped outer tube and its internal structure in the second implementation of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a state diagram of the collection equipment for collapse-type sea sand extraction according to the present invention before collection.

Figure 10 is a state diagram of the collection equipment for collapse-type sea sand extraction according to the present invention during collection.

Figure 11 is a state diagram of the collection equipment for collapse-type sea sand extraction according to the present invention after collection.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Embodiment 1, with reference to Figures 1 to 5, a collection equipment for collapse-type sea sand extraction, including an operating mother ship 1, a T-shaped outer pipe 2, a driving device, an inner sand pumping pipe 11, a collection head 3, and a sand breaking tunnel. device, collapse-promoting jet nozzle 42 and electronic control system. The T-shaped outer tube 2 is composed of a longitudinal tube body 21 and a transverse tube body 22. The middle part of the operation mother ship 1 has a long passage that can accommodate the longitudinal tube body 21. trough, the transverse tube body 22 is located at the rear side of the long channel, and its left and right ends are rotationally matched with the operating mother ship 1. The longitudinal tube body 21 is located at the front side of the transverse tube body 22, and its rear end is connected with the transverse tube body 22. The middle part is fixedly connected and communicates with its interior.

Specifically, the longitudinal tube body 21 and the transverse tube body 22 are both straight tube bodies with circular cross-sections, and the left and right end surfaces of the transverse tube body 22 are provided with end plates 23 that can seal the interior thereof. Two bearing seats 24 are fixedly installed symmetrically on the inside of the operation mother ship 1. The left and right ends of the transverse tube body 22 are rotationally connected to the bearing seats 24 on the same side through bearings respectively, so that the T-shaped outer tube 2 can rotate around the transverse tube body 22. The axis of is equal to the rotation of the work mother ship 1 to realize the adjustment of the inclination angle of the longitudinal tube body 21 relative to the horizontal plane.

The driving device is located on the right side of the work mother ship 1 and includes a first motor and a worm gear mechanism. The output end of the first motor can drive the T-shaped outer tube 2 to rotate around the axis of its transverse tube body 22 through the worm gear mechanism. Specifically, the first motor is fixedly installed on the right side of the cabin of the work mother ship 1, its output end is connected to the input end of the reducer, and the signal end of the first motor is communicatively connected to the electronic control system.

The worm gear 51 of the worm gear mechanism is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the transverse tube body 22 and is arranged coaxially with the transverse tube body 22. The worm gear 52 of the worm gear and worm gear mechanism is vertically arranged on one side of the worm gear 51, and the lower end of the worm gear 52 is fixedly connected. At the output end of the reducer, when working, the first motor drives the worm 52 to rotate through the reducer. The worm 52 engages with the worm gear 51 and drives the T-shaped outer tube 2 to rotate around the axis of the transverse tube body 22 to realize the longitudinal tube body 21 By adjusting the angle, the longitudinal tube body 21 drives the collection head 3 at its front end to rise or fall.

The collection head 3 is fixedly installed on the front end of the longitudinal tube body 21, and a suction port 31 is provided in its center. The sand pumping inner tube 11 is arranged inside the T-shaped outer tube 2, and its front end is fixedly and sealedly connected to the collection head 3. The end extends to the outside of the T-shaped outer tube 2 and is connected to a suction pump. When the operation mother ship 1 is traveling normally, the T-shaped outer tube 2 is located above the water surface and in a horizontal state, and is fixed to the hull of the operation mother ship 1 through a limiting device. After arriving at the work area, the operation mother ship 1 stops, the limit device releases the restriction on the T-shaped outer tube 2, and the worm gear mechanism drives the T-shaped outer tube 2 to rotate, bringing it and the bottom of the collection head 3 into the water.

Specifically, the main part of the sand pumping inner tube 11 is coaxially arranged with the longitudinal tube body 21, one end of the sand pumping inner tube 11 is connected to the suction port 31, and the rear part of the sand pumping inner tube 11 is between the longitudinal tube body 21 and the transverse direction. After the connection point of the pipe body 22 is bent 90° to the left, its other end passes through the center of the end plate 23 located on the left side of the transverse pipe body 22. The outer wall of the sand pumping inner pipe 11 is fixed and sealed with the end plate 23 on the left side. Welding, the other end of the sand pumping inner pipe 11 is connected to the inlet end of the suction pump through a flexible hose. When working, the sand pumping inner pipe 11 always maintains a negative pressure state, and the lower sea sand and seawater pass through the suction port. 31 enters the sand pumping inner pipe 11, and reaches the operation mother ship 1 through the sand pumping inner pipe 11 and the suction pump.

The T-shaped outer tube 2 is provided with a high-pressure water pipe 4 inside, and there are multiple collapse-promoting jet nozzles 42. All the collapse-promoting jet nozzles 42 are arranged on the outer wall of the longitudinal tube body 21 at intervals along its length. The high-pressure water pipe 4 is Each collapse jet nozzle 42 supplies water. The high-pressure water pipe 4 is provided with first branch pipes 41 that are equal in number and corresponding to the positions of the collapse-promoting jet nozzles 42. Each collapse-promoting jet nozzle 42 is connected to the high-pressure water pipe 4 through the corresponding first branch pipe 41. The first branch pipe 41 It is equipped with a solenoid valve, and the signal end of the solenoid valve is connected to the electronic control system for communication. The water inlet end of the high-pressure water pipe 4 passes through the end plate 23 on the left side and is connected to a high-pressure water pump. The high-pressure water pump supplies high-pressure water to the inside of the high-pressure water pipe 4 and can spray high-pressure water above the T-shaped outer pipe 2 through the jet nozzle 42 The sand layer is injected, and the space is expanded during the lowering process of the T-shaped outer tube 2, and the collapse of the sand layer above the T-shaped outer tube 2 is promoted during the sand mining process.

The collection head 3 is provided with three expansion jet heads 32. The three expansion jet heads 32 are evenly arranged in an annular shape around the suction port 31, and are supplied with water by the high-pressure water pipe 4. A sand-breaking excavation device is provided on the collection head 3. The collecting head 3 passes through the upper sea sand and reaches the bottom of the lower sea sand. The high-pressure water inside the high-pressure water pipe 4 jets outward at high speed through the three expansion jet heads 32, and injects the sea sand on the front side of the suction port 31. The T-shaped outer pipe 2 drives the collection head 3 to pass through the upper sea sand and reach the lower sea sand. During the process of collecting the lower part of the sand, the three expansion jet heads 32 jet high-pressure water outward to break the sand, expand the space in front of the collection head 3, and move it downward to the lower part of the lower sea sand.

Specifically, three rotating ball heads 37 are provided on the front end surface of the collection head 3. The three expansion jet heads 32 are respectively installed on the surfaces of the three rotating ball heads 37 in an eccentric manner. The rotating ball heads 37 and the collection head 3. Turn to seal fit. Each rotating ball head 37 is equipped with a hollow shaft servo motor 33. The hollow shaft servo motor 33 drives the corresponding rotating ball head 37 to rotate. One end of the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft servo motor 33 is connected to the expansion jet head 32, and the other end is connected with the expansion jet head 32 through a belt. The second branch pipe 34 with a rotary seal joint is connected with the high-pressure water pipe 4 .

Three mounting seats 35 are fixed on the front end surface of the collection head 3. The three mounting seats 35 are evenly arranged in an annular shape around the periphery of the suction port 31, and are alternately arranged with the three expansion jet heads 32.

The sand-breaking excavation device includes three excavation jet heads 61. The three excavation jet heads 61 are respectively arranged on three mounting seats 35. Each excavation jet head 61 is arranged tilted relative to the axial direction of the longitudinal pipe body 21. The excavation jet heads 61 The inlet end is connected to the high-pressure water pipe 4 through a third branch pipe 62, and a booster pump is provided on the third branch pipe 62. The jet directions of each excavation jet head 61 converge inward, forming a jet intersection in front of the suction port 31 .

Embodiment 2, with reference to Figures 1 to 8, a collection equipment for collapse-type sea sand extraction, including an operating mother ship 1, a T-shaped outer pipe 2, a driving device, an inner sand pumping pipe 11, a collection head 3, and a sand breaking tunnel. device, collapse-promoting jet nozzle 42 and electronic control system. The T-shaped outer tube 2 is composed of a longitudinal tube body 21 and a transverse tube body 22. The middle part of the operation mother ship 1 has a long passage that can accommodate the longitudinal tube body 21. groove, both ends of the longitudinal tube body 21 are rotationally matched with the operation mother ship 1.

Specifically, the rear end of the longitudinal tube body 21 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the transverse tube body 22 and is integrally connected. The left and right end surfaces of the transverse tube body 22 are provided with end plates 23 that can seal the interior thereof. The operation mother ship 1 is provided with two bearing seats 24 symmetrically left and right. The left and right ends of the transverse tube body 22 are rotatably connected to the bearing seats 24 on the same side through bearings respectively.

The driving device is located on the right side of the work mother ship 1 and includes a first motor and a worm gear mechanism. The output end of the first motor can drive the T-shaped outer tube 2 to rotate around the axis of its transverse tube body 22 through the worm gear mechanism. The first motor is fixedly installed on the right side of the work mother ship 1, its output end is connected to the input end of the reducer, and the signal end of the first motor is communicatively connected to the electronic control system.

The worm gear 51 of the worm gear mechanism is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the transverse tube body 22 and arranged coaxially with it. The worm gear 52 of the worm gear mechanism is fixed on the output end of the reducer. When working, the first motor is driven by the reducer. The worm 52 rotates, and the worm 52 engages with the worm gear 51 and drives the T-shaped outer tube 2 to rotate around the axis of the transverse tube body 22 .

The collection head 3 is fixedly installed on the front end of the longitudinal tube body 21, and a suction port 31 is provided in its center. The sand pumping inner tube 11 is arranged inside the T-shaped outer tube 2, and its front end is fixedly and sealedly connected to the collection head 3. The end extends to the outside of the T-shaped outer tube 2 and is connected to a suction pump.

Specifically, the main part of the sand pumping inner tube 11 is coaxially arranged with the longitudinal tube body 21. One end of the sand pumping inner tube 11 is connected to the suction port 31, and the other end passes through the center of the end plate 23 on the left side. The outer wall of the inner tube 11 is fixedly and sealingly connected to the left end plate 23 .

The T-shaped outer tube 2 is provided with a high-pressure water pipe 4 inside, and there are multiple collapse-promoting jet nozzles 42. All the collapse-promoting jet nozzles 42 are arranged on the outer wall of the longitudinal tube body 21 at intervals along its length. The high-pressure water pipe 4 is Each collapse jet nozzle 42 supplies water. The high-pressure water pipe 4 is provided with first branch pipes 41 that are equal in number and corresponding to the positions of the collapse-promoting jet nozzles 42. Each collapse-promoting jet nozzle 42 is connected to the high-pressure water pipe 4 through the corresponding first branch pipe 41. The first branch pipe 41 It is equipped with a solenoid valve, and the signal end of the solenoid valve is connected to the electronic control system for communication. The water inlet end of the high-pressure water pipe 4 passes through the end plate 23 on the left side and is connected to a high-pressure water pump.

The collection head 3 is provided with three expansion jet heads 32. The three expansion jet heads 32 are evenly arranged in an annular shape around the suction port 31, and are supplied with water by the high-pressure water pipe 4. A sand-breaking excavation device is provided on the collection head 3. The collecting head 3 is used to pass through the upper sand layer and reach the bottom of the lower sand layer.

Specifically, three rotating ball heads 37 are provided on the front end surface of the collection head 3. The three expansion jet heads 32 are respectively installed on the surfaces of the three rotating ball heads 37 in an eccentric manner. The rotating ball heads 37 and the collection head 3. Turn to seal fit. Each rotating ball head 37 is equipped with a hollow shaft servo motor 33. The hollow shaft servo motor 33 drives the corresponding rotating ball head 37 to rotate. One end of the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft servo motor 33 is connected to the expansion jet head 32, and the other end is connected with the expansion jet head 32 through a belt. The second branch pipe 34 with a rotary seal joint is connected with the high-pressure water pipe 4 .

Three mounting seats 36 are fixed on the front end surface of the collection head 3. The three mounting seats 36 are evenly arranged in an annular shape around the suction port 31, and are alternately arranged with the three expansion jet heads 32.

The sand-breaking excavation device includes a second motor 71, a transmission mechanism and three picks 72. The three picks 72 are respectively arranged on three mounting seats 236. The pick shaft of each pick 72 is connected to the corresponding mounting seat. Two 36-turn sealing fits. The second motor 71 is fixedly installed on the right side of the work mother ship 1, and its output end drives each pick 72 to rotate synchronously through a transmission mechanism. When the T-shaped outer tube 2 drives the collection head 3 to pass through the upper sea sand and reach the lower part of the lower sea sand, the three picks 72 all rotate to break the sand layer on the front side of the collection head 3 to break the sea sand layer with higher strength. , loosen, drill an expansion space in front of the collection head 3, and make it move downward to the lower part of the lower sea sand.

Specifically, the transmission mechanism includes a first rotating shaft 73 , a second rotating shaft 74 and a gear assembly. The first rotating shaft 73 is rotatably arranged on the right side of the transverse tube body 22 and is arranged coaxially relative thereto.

The right end of the first rotating shaft 73 is connected to the output end of the second motor 71. The second rotating shaft 74 is arranged inside the longitudinal tube body 21 along the axis direction and rotates with the longitudinal tube body 21. The rear end of the second rotating shaft 74 It is connected to the left end of the first rotating shaft 73 by bevel gear transmission. The front end of the second rotating shaft 74 is connected to the pick shafts of the three picks 72 through a gear assembly, and drives the three picks 72 to rotate synchronously.

The collection head 3 has a cavity inside, and the gear assembly includes a first spur gear 81, a double gear 82 and three second spur gears 83. The double gear 82 is connected by a large gear ring and a small gear ring through a connecting sleeve. The integrated structure is rotatably arranged at the connection between the collection head 3 and the longitudinal tube body 21.

The first spur gear 81 is installed at the front end of the first rotating shaft 73 and meshes with the small gear ring. The three second spur gears 83 are evenly arranged on the circumference with the axis of the longitudinal tube body 21 as the center, and all mesh with the large gear ring. The gear shaft of the second spur gear 83 rotates with the collection head 3 . The pick shafts of the three picks 72 are respectively movably connected to the gear shafts of the three second spur gears 83 through the cross universal coupling 84. When working, the first spur gear 81 drives each second straight gear through the double gear 82. The gear 83 rotates, and the rotation of the second spur gear 83 drives the pick 72 to rotate through the cross universal coupling 84 .

Embodiment 3, with reference to Figures 1 to 11, a collection method for collapse-type sea sand extraction, using the collection equipment for collapse-type sea sand extraction described in Embodiment 1, the collection method includes the following steps:

S1, the operation mother ship 1 reaches the water surface above the operation area, the first motor is started, and the first motor drives the T-shaped outer tube 2 to rotate downward around the axis of the transverse tube body 22 through the worm gear mechanism, and the collection head 3 moves downward to reach the upper sea level. The upper surface of the sand.

S2, the sand-breaking excavation device starts to work. The collection head 3 enters the interior of the upper sea sand in a jet excavation method. The T-shaped outer tube 2 continues to rotate downward under the action of the driving device. At the same time, the operation mother ship 1 cooperates with the T-shaped outer tube. 2 angle adjustment position.

The collection head 3 moves downward through the upper sea sand to the bottom of the lower sea sand. When the angle between the longitudinal body 21 of the T-shaped outer tube 2 and the horizontal direction is equal to the collapse angle θ, the T-shaped outer tube 2 stops moving and the operation begins. Mother ship 1 anchors to fix the hull. The collapse angle θ is calculated based on parameters such as the internal friction angle φ of the underlying sand obtained through prior exploration. Generally speaking, the collapse angle θ is close to the internal friction angle φ.

S3, the three expansion jet heads 32 spray high-pressure water outwards, impacting the lower sea sand around the collection head 3 to loosen it. At the same time, the suction pump starts to work, and the lower sea sand around the collection head 3 enters the suction port through the suction port 31. The sand inner pipe 11 and the lower sea sand in the sand pumping inner pipe 11 are pumped to the operation mother ship 1 .

After the lower sea sand around the collection head 3 is pumped away, a cavity will appear in front of it and continue to expand. The upper sea sand above the cavity will form a funnel-shaped collapse under the action of gravity, and collapse to the lower sea sand around the collection port. Continued to be taken away.

S4, when the upper layer of sea sand above the T-shaped outer tube 2 does not collapse as scheduled, the collapse-promoting jet nozzle 42 begins to spray high-pressure water outwards, impacting the upper layer of sea sand around the longitudinal tube body 21, and promotes the upper layer of sea sand to collapse to the point of collection. Around the head 3, the sand pumping inner pipe 11 is pumped to the operation mother ship 1.

S5, during the extraction process, when the staff observes the presence of upper sea sand in the sea sand pumped to the operation mother ship 1, it is determined that the collection of the lower sea sand in the operation area has been completed, and the suction pump stops working.

The operation mother ship 1 retracts the anchor and is unfixed. The first motor drives the T-shaped outer tube 2 to rotate upward through the worm gear mechanism. The collection head 3 comes out of the sea sand and returns to the initial state. The operation mother ship 1 moves to the water surface above the next operation area. , carry out sand mining operations according to the working methods of S1 to S4.

Embodiment 4, with reference to Figures 1 to 11, a collection method for collapse-type sea sand extraction, using the collection equipment for collapse-type sea sand extraction described in Embodiment 2, the working steps of the collection method are the same as those in Embodiment 3 The working steps in S2 are basically the same. The difference is that in S2, the collection head 3 enters the interior of the upper sea sand by mechanical excavation, and the T-shaped outer tube 2 continues to rotate downward under the action of the driving device. The mechanical excavation method is Refers to the second motor 71 driving the three picks 72 to rotate around their axes respectively through the transmission mechanism. The three picks 72 break the sand layer on the front side of the collection head 3, so that the sea sand layer with higher strength is broken and loosened. An expansion space is drilled in front of the collection head 3, allowing it to move downward to the lower part of the lower sea sand.

Parts not described in the present invention can be realized by adopting or drawing on existing technologies.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. are based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. The orientation or positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of the present invention. protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The collecting device for the collapsible sea sand extraction is characterized by comprising a working mother ship, a T-shaped outer pipe, a driving device, a sand extraction inner pipe, a collecting head, a sand breaking tunneling device, a collapse promoting jet nozzle and an electric control system, wherein the T-shaped outer pipe is formed by connecting a longitudinal pipe body and a transverse pipe body, the middle part of the working mother ship is provided with a long strip through groove capable of accommodating the longitudinal pipe body, and two ends of the transverse pipe body are in running fit with the working mother ship;

the driving device is arranged on the right side of the operation mother ship and comprises a first motor and a worm gear mechanism, wherein the output end of the first motor can drive the T-shaped outer tube to rotate around the axis of the transverse tube body of the T-shaped outer tube through the worm gear mechanism;

the T-shaped outer tube is internally provided with a plurality of high-pressure water pipes, all collapse-promoting jet flow nozzles are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the T-shaped outer tube at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal tube body, and the high-pressure water pipes supply water for all collapse-promoting jet flow nozzles;

the collecting head is fixedly arranged at the front end of the longitudinal pipe body, a suction port is formed in the center of the collecting head, the sand suction inner pipe is arranged inside the T-shaped outer pipe, the front end of the sand suction inner pipe is fixedly and hermetically connected with the collecting head, and the rear end of the sand suction inner pipe extends to the outside of the T-shaped outer pipe and is connected with a suction pump;

the three expansion jet heads are annularly and uniformly arranged at the periphery of the suction port, water is supplied to the expansion jet heads through a high-pressure water pipe, and the sand breaking tunneling device is arranged on the collection head and used for the collection head to penetrate through an upper sand layer to reach the bottom of a lower sand layer.

2. The collecting device for extracting collapsed sea sand according to claim 1, wherein the rear end of the longitudinal pipe body is connected with the middle stationary phase of the transverse pipe body into a whole, and the left and right end surfaces of the transverse pipe body are respectively provided with an end plate capable of sealing the inside of the transverse pipe body;

the left end and the right end of the transverse pipe body are respectively connected with the bearing seats on the same side in a rotating way through bearings.

3. The collecting device for extracting collapsed sea sand according to claim 1, wherein the first motor is fixedly installed on the right side of the operation mother ship, the output end of the first motor is connected with the input end of the speed reducer, and the signal end of the first motor is in communication connection with the electric control system;

the worm wheel of the worm gear mechanism is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the transverse tube body and is coaxially arranged with the outer wall of the transverse tube body, the worm of the worm gear mechanism is fixed at the output end of the speed reducer, and when the speed reducer is in operation, the first motor drives the worm to rotate through the speed reducer, and the worm is meshed with the worm wheel and drives the T-shaped outer tube to rotate around the axis of the transverse tube body.

4. The collecting device for extracting collapsed sea sand according to claim 1, wherein the main body part of the sand extracting inner tube is arranged coaxially with the longitudinal tube body, one end of the sand extracting inner tube is communicated with the suction port, the other end of the sand extracting inner tube penetrates out from the center of the end plate positioned at the left side, and the outer wall of the sand extracting inner tube is fixedly and hermetically connected with the end plate positioned at the left side;

the high-pressure water pipe is provided with first branch pipes which are equal to the collapse-promoting jet flow spray heads in number and correspond to each other in position one by one, each collapse-promoting jet flow spray head is connected with the high-pressure water pipe through the corresponding first branch pipe, the first branch pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the signal end of the electromagnetic valve is in communication connection with the electric control system;

the water inlet end of the high-pressure water pipe penetrates out of the end plate positioned at the left side and is connected with a high-pressure water pump.

5. The collecting device for extracting collapsed sea sand according to claim 1, wherein three rotary ball heads are arranged on the front end face of the collecting head, the three expansion jet heads are respectively arranged on the surfaces of the three rotary ball heads in an eccentric mode, and the rotary ball heads are in rotary sealing fit with the collecting head;

each rotary ball head is provided with a hollow shaft servo motor, the hollow shaft servo motor drives the corresponding rotary ball head to rotate, one end of a hollow shaft of the hollow shaft servo motor is connected with the expansion jet head, and the other end of the hollow shaft servo motor is connected with the high-pressure water pipe through a second branch pipe with a rotary sealing joint.

6. The collecting device for extracting collapsed sea sand according to claim 1, wherein three first mounting seats are fixed on the front end face of the collecting head, are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the suction port in a ring shape, and are sequentially and alternately arranged with three expansion jet heads;

the sand breaking tunneling device comprises three tunneling jet heads which are respectively arranged on the first installation seats, the tunneling jet heads are arranged in an inclined manner relative to the axial direction of the longitudinal pipe body, and the inlet ends of the tunneling jet heads are connected with the high-pressure water pipe through a third branch pipe;

the jet flow direction of each tunneling jet flow head gathers inwards, and a jet flow junction is formed in front of the suction port.

7. The collecting device for extracting collapsed sea sand according to claim 1, wherein the front end face of the collecting head is fixedly provided with three second mounting seats which are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the suction port in a ring shape and are sequentially and alternately arranged with three expansion jet heads;

the sand breaking tunneling device comprises a second motor, a transmission mechanism and three cutting picks, wherein the three cutting picks are respectively arranged on three mounting seats II, and a cutting pick shaft of each cutting pick is in rotary sealing fit with the corresponding mounting seat II;

the second motor is fixedly arranged on the right side of the operation mother ship, and the output end of the second motor drives all cutting picks to synchronously rotate through a transmission mechanism.

8. The collecting device for extracting collapsed sea sand according to claim 7, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a gear assembly, wherein the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the right side of the transverse pipe body and is coaxially arranged relative to the transverse pipe body;

the right end of the first rotating shaft is connected with the output end of the second motor, the second rotating shaft is arranged inside the longitudinal pipe body along the axial direction of the longitudinal pipe body and is in running fit with the longitudinal pipe body, and the rear end of the second rotating shaft is connected with the left end of the first rotating shaft in a bevel gear transmission mode;

the front end of the second rotating shaft is connected with pick shafts of the three picks through a gear assembly and drives the three picks to synchronously rotate.

9. The collecting device for the collapsible sea sand extraction according to claim 8, wherein the collecting head is internally provided with a cavity, the gear assembly comprises a first straight gear, a double gear and three second straight gears, the double gear is an integrated structure formed by connecting a large toothed ring and a small toothed ring through a connecting sleeve, and the double gear is rotatably arranged at the joint of the collecting head and the longitudinal pipe body;

the first straight gears are arranged at the front end of the first rotating shaft, meshed with the small toothed ring, and the three second straight gears are uniformly arranged on the circumference taking the axis of the longitudinal pipe body as the center of a circle and meshed with the large toothed ring, and the gear shafts of the second straight gears are in running fit with the acquisition head;

the pick shafts of the three picks are movably connected with the gear shafts of the three second spur gears through the cross universal couplings respectively, and when the double-gear type cutting pick is in operation, the first spur gears drive the second spur gears to rotate through the double-gear type gears, and the second spur gears drive the picks to rotate through the cross universal couplings.

10. A method for collecting collapsed sea sand extraction, characterized in that the collecting device for collecting collapsed sea sand extraction according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is adopted, and the collecting method comprises the following steps:

s1, enabling an operation mother ship to reach the water surface above an operation area, starting a first motor, driving a T-shaped outer tube to rotate downwards around the axis of a transverse tube body by the first motor through a worm and gear mechanism, and enabling a collection head to move downwards to reach the upper surface of upper sea sand;

s2, starting the sand breaking tunneling device, enabling the collecting head to enter the upper layer sea sand in a jet tunneling or mechanical tunneling mode, enabling the T-shaped outer tube to continuously rotate downwards under the action of the driving device, and enabling the operation mother ship to be matched with the angle adjustment position of the T-shaped outer tube;

the collecting head moves downwards to pass through the upper sea sand to reach the bottom of the lower sea sand, and when the included angle between the longitudinal pipe body of the T-shaped outer pipe and the horizontal direction is equal to the collapse angle theta, the T-shaped outer pipe stops moving, and the operation mother ship anchors to fix the hull;

s3, the three expansion jet heads spray high-pressure water outwards to impact the lower layer sea sand around the collecting heads to loosen the sea sand, meanwhile, the suction pump starts to work, the lower layer sea sand around the collecting heads enters the sand pumping inner pipe through the suction port, and the lower layer sea sand of the sand pumping inner pipe is pumped to the operation mother ship;

after the lower layer sea sand around the collecting head is pumped away, a cavity is formed in front of the collecting head and is continuously enlarged, the upper layer sea sand above the cavity forms a funnel-shaped collapse under the action of gravity, and the lower layer sea sand collapsed around the collecting port is continuously pumped away;

s4, when the upper layer sea sand above the T-shaped outer tube does not collapse according to preset conditions, the collapse jet nozzle is promoted to start to spray high-pressure water outwards, the upper layer sea sand on the periphery of the longitudinal tube body is impacted, the upper layer sea sand is promoted to collapse to the periphery of the collecting head, and the upper layer sea sand is pumped to the operation mother ship by the sand pumping inner tube;

s5, in the extraction process, when workers observe that the upper sea sand appears in the sea sand extracted to the operation mother ship, determining that the lower sea sand in the operation area is completely collected, and stopping the suction pump;

the anchor is received to operation mother ship and is released fixedly, and first motor passes through worm gear mechanism drive T shape outer tube and upwards rotates, gathers the head and deviate from and get back to initial condition from sea sand, and operation mother ship removes the surface of water above the next operation area, carries out the sand operation of gathering according to S1 to S4' S mode of operation.