CN116762686A - Hybrid rice seed production impurity removal method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid rice seed production impurity removal method. Belongs to the technical field of hybrid rice. The invention uses the dual-purpose genic male sterile line with the white glume mark as a female parent, and is applied to the production of hybrid rice seeds by a two-line method. The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows: when the female parent group of the hybrid rice seed production field shoots, the hybrid plants with any other characteristics are easily, intuitively and efficiently removed at one time according to the characteristics of white glume flowers of the ears, and the hybrid plants do not need to be continuously identified and removed for many times in different growth periods such as the tillering period, the heading period and the like of the female parent seed production of other sterile lines, so that the efficiency and the quality of impurity removal of the female parent for seed production are obviously improved, and the purity of hybrid seeds is greatly improved and ensured. The white color rendering degree is best, the recognition degree is highest, the white glume mark shape is easy to recognize under dim conditions, and the like, does not need the participation of professional technicians, and can also remarkably improve the efficiency and effect of maternal colony impurity removal.

Description

A method for removing impurities in hybrid rice seed production

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of hybrid rice, and more specifically to a method for removing impurities in hybrid rice seed production.

Background technique

For the large-scale promotion and application of hybrid rice, whether it is three-line hybrid rice or two-line hybrid rice, large-scale hybrid seed production is a key link that cannot be avoided. Hybrid purity is the material basis for ensuring high yield of hybrid rice and the decisive factor for its large-scale application.

During the production process of hybrid seeds, whether the female parents are biologically mixed, mechanically mixed, or have original fallen grain in the field, the purity of the hybrid seeds will be affected. Therefore, in the field production process of hybrid rice seeds, a large amount of manpower and material resources are required, and a certain degree of professional technical personnel are required to participate in order to identify and remove hybrid plants in the female parent group; even more, the seedlings in the female parent group need to be Different growth stages such as the tillering stage, heading stage, etc. are constantly identified and removed. The existing morphological marker traits such as light yellow leaves and chastity color differences can achieve the purpose of identifying hybrid plants in the maternal population. However, using such methods is easy to cause visual fatigue and neglect, especially homomorphous plants are not easy to find and are overlooked, resulting in The hybrid plants in the female parent population are not completely removed, thus affecting the purity of the hybrid seeds.

In summary, how to provide an intuitive and efficient method for removing impurities in hybrid rice seed production is an urgent problem that those skilled in the art need to solve.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a method for removing impurities in hybrid rice seed production. The method of the invention can effectively monitor the purity of seeds in the field production process of two-line hybrid rice seeds, and provide high-purity seeds for rice production.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The dual-purpose nuclear sterile line with white spike mark is used as the female parent to produce two-line hybrid rice seeds.

When heading the sterile line population in the seed production field, the plants with the white spikelet trait mark are the female seeds for seed production. The other plants in the population that do not have this trait are all hybrid plants and are removed. After the elimination, only the white spikelet mark trait is retained. The sterile line can accept pollen from the restorer line, thus ensuring that when harvesting hybrid seeds, only hybrid seeds from the sterile line with the white spike mark trait will be received, thus ensuring the purity of the hybrid seeds.

The genetic basis for maintaining the purity of hybrid rice hybrid seeds is that all individuals in the sterile line population must have the same genotype. The clearly identifiable white spikelet marker trait used in the present invention is controlled by a recessive single gene and expressed under specific conditions. If individuals with non-white spikelet marker traits appear in the seed production sterile line population, it means that the population contains individuals of other genotypes, the population genotypes are inconsistent, and the genetic basis for the purity of hybrid seeds cannot be guaranteed; if there are more such individuals , the more complex the genotype is, the more serious the population mixing is, and the purity of the hybrid seeds is even less guaranteed.

A method for removing impurities in hybrid rice seed production, including the following steps:

(1) Select rice growing areas with long-day high temperature conditions as hybrid seed production bases;

(2) Use a dual-purpose nuclear sterile line with white spike marks as the female parent for seed production;

(3) During the two-line hybrid seed production process, the field management of seed production is the same as that of ordinary two-line hybrid rice seed production;

(4) When the seed production female parent population is heading, observe the color of the spikelets of the female parent group. The rice plants with white spikelets are regarded as pure female parents, and the rice plants with any other traits are hybrid plants, and all of them should be treated at once. Cull.

Furthermore, the characteristics of the white spike mark are: the entire spikelet is white, and the cob and branch are normal green.

Furthermore, the trait marked by white spikelets is only expressed under long-day high temperature conditions.

Furthermore, the long-day high temperature conditions are sunshine duration ≥ 13.5 hours and daily average temperature ≥ 27.0°C. The seed production bases that meet this condition are the Yangtze River Basin, South China and other rice growing areas from May 15 to August 1 every year, which are the currently commonly selected two-line hybrid rice seed production bases.

Furthermore, the seed production female parent is the white-spike trait dual-purpose nuclear sterile rice seed Qiang 001S. The preservation number is CCTCC NO: P202222, which has been deposited in the China Typical Culture Collection Center on November 16, 2022. , deposited at Wuhan University, China.

It can be seen from the above technical solutions that compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: (1) using the hybrid rice sterile line in which the white spikelet marker trait is only expressed under long-day and high-temperature conditions as the core material, When the female parent population in hybrid rice seed production fields heads, based on the white spikelet trait at the ear, it is easy, intuitive, and efficient to remove hybrid plants with any other traits at once. Unlike other sterile line seed production, there is no need to wait at the tillering stage, heading stage of the female parent, etc. Continuous identification and removal at different growth stages have significantly improved the efficiency and quality of impurity removal from seed production mothers, and greatly improved and ensured the purity of hybrid seeds. (2) White has the best color rendering and highest recognition. The white spikelet marking trait is easy to identify under dim conditions and other conditions. It does not require the participation of professional technicians and can significantly improve the efficiency and effect of removing impurities from the female parent population.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 shows the comparison of the ear color performance of the 001S population with strong white spike marking trait and the common CMS line Xiangling 628S population at the heading stage.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

The medicaments required by the present invention are conventional experimental medicaments, which are purchased from commercial channels; the experimental methods not mentioned are conventional experimental methods and will not be described in detail here.

Example 1

Intuitive and efficient impurity removal during hybrid rice seed production

Taking the dual-purpose nuclear sterile rice seed Qiang 001S (Accession No. CCTCC NO: P202222) with white spikes as the female parent and the hybrid rice restorer line Huazhan as the male parent, the production of hybrid seeds was taken as an example. The seed production technology of Qiang 001S with white spike mark is the same as that of all current two-line hybrid rice sterile lines. During the seed production of Qiang 001S and Huazhan, when the CMS line Qiang 001S heads, the rice plants marked with white spikelets are pure Qiang 001S, and the rice plants with any other traits are hybrid plants, and all are eliminated at once. High-purity hybrid rice seeds are prepared by ensuring the purity of the hybrid female parent.

Example 2

Taking the universal dual-purpose nuclear sterile line C815S as the female parent and the universal restorer line Huazhan of hybrid rice as the male parent, the production of hybrid seeds is taken as an example. The remaining operations are the same as in Example 1.

At present, C815S seed production and impurity removal: remove obviously different shaped plants and some plants grown from ground valleys at the tillering stage; remove homogeneous plants, irregular plants and some plants grown from ground valleys at the heading stage.

Experiment 1

Comparison of the impurity removal effects of Qiang 001S, C815S and restoration system Huazhan, the results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Comparison of the impurity removal effects of Qiang 001S, C815S and recovery system Huazhan

Note: 1) Qiang 001S is a dual-purpose nuclear sterile line with white spike marks, and C815S is an ordinary dual-purpose nuclear sterile line. 2) "-" means no processing is required; "/" means it cannot be identified; "√" means it can be fully identified and removed; "X" means the identification is insufficient and there are omissions in removal.

Seed purity identification method - Hainan planting identification method. Field planting identification using Hainan winter temperature and light resources is one of the most commonly used methods in the national standard for hybrid rice seed purity identification. The specific operation is in accordance with the "Technical Specifications for Planting and Identification of Crop Seed Purity" (DB /T499-2009) to carry out hybrid rice seed purity planting identification.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be practiced in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (4)

1. The hybrid rice seed production impurity removal method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) Selecting a rice cropping area with long-day high-temperature conditions as a hybrid seed production base;

(2) Using a dual-purpose nuclear sterile line with a white glume mark as a seed production female parent;

(3) During heading, the glume color of the female parent population is observed, the rice plants with white glume marks are used as pure female parent, and the rice plants with any other characters are all hybrid plants and are removed at one time.

2. The method for removing impurities in hybrid rice seed production of claim 1, wherein the white glume-labeled trait is: the whole rice glume flower is white, and the cob and the branch stem are very green.

3. The method for removing impurities in hybrid rice seed production according to claim 1, wherein the long-day high-temperature condition is that the sunlight duration is not less than 13.5 hours and the average daily temperature is not less than 27.0 ℃.

4. The method for removing impurities in hybrid rice seed production according to claim 1, wherein the female parent is white caryopsis-shaped dual-purpose genic male sterile line rice seed strong 001S with a preservation number of CCTCCNO: P202222, which is preserved in China center for type culture collection (China center for type culture collection) at the 16 th month of 2022, and has the preservation address of university of Chinese Wuhan.