CN116748662A - Friction stir welding additive equipment - Google Patents
Friction stir welding additive equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN116748662A CN116748662A CN202310875894.8A CN202310875894A CN116748662A CN 116748662 A CN116748662 A CN 116748662A CN 202310875894 A CN202310875894 A CN 202310875894A CN 116748662 A CN116748662 A CN 116748662A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种搅拌摩擦焊增材设备，包括底座、横梁组件、溜板组件和机头组件；横梁组件沿X轴方向可滑移地连接在底座上；溜板组件沿Y轴方向可滑移地连接在横梁组件上；机头组件包括机头架和增材主体，机头架沿Z轴方向可滑移地连接在溜板组件上，增材主体包括叉环件和摆转筒体，叉环件围绕C轴轴线可旋转地连接在所述机头架上，C轴轴线和Z轴方向相平行；摆转筒体内部连接有主轴组件，主轴组件的上部连接有送料组件，摆转筒体围绕B轴轴线可旋转地连接在叉环件上，B轴轴线和Y轴方向相平行。本发明可以实现搅拌摩擦焊增材设备的五轴联动，提升了结构的灵活性，能够有效实现复杂形状构件的增材制造，提高了增材制造的效率和质量。
The invention relates to friction stir welding additive equipment, which includes a base, a crossbeam assembly, a slide assembly and a machine head assembly; the crossbeam assembly is slidably connected to the base along the X-axis direction; and the slide assembly is slidable along the Y-axis direction. The machine head assembly is connected to the crossbeam assembly. The machine head assembly includes a machine head frame and an additive body. The machine head frame is slidably connected to the slide assembly along the Z-axis direction. The additive body includes a fork ring and a swing cylinder. , the fork ring is rotatably connected to the head frame around the C-axis axis, and the C-axis axis is parallel to the Z-axis direction; a spindle assembly is connected inside the swing cylinder, and a feeding assembly is connected to the upper part of the spindle assembly. The rotating cylinder body is rotatably connected to the fork ring around the B-axis axis, and the B-axis axis is parallel to the Y-axis direction. The present invention can realize five-axis linkage of friction stir welding additive equipment, improves the flexibility of the structure, can effectively realize additive manufacturing of complex-shaped components, and improves the efficiency and quality of additive manufacturing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid phase material addition, in particular to friction stir welding material addition equipment.
Background
The adoption of high-performance aluminum alloy structural members is one of important ways for reducing the structural weight of an aircraft and improving the carrying capacity and the flying speed. And the 3D printing technology is adopted to form the whole large-size components at one time, such as a titanium alloy frame structure, a nickel-based superalloy, a copper alloy rocket combustion chamber, a high-strength aluminum alloy heavy carrier rocket connecting ring and the like, and the three-dimensional printing technology has the advantages of high material utilization rate, suitability for personalized part production and the like. At present, additive technologies based on laser, electron beam and arc energy deposition and friction stir welding can be used for 3D printing.
At present, the technology mainly comprising laser, electron beam and arc energy deposition and friction stir welding has become an important technical means for additive manufacturing of large-scale integral high-performance key metal parts. The laser, electron beam and arc energy deposition material-increasing technology generally takes silk materials and powder as raw materials, and gas protection is needed in the material-increasing process, so that the forming efficiency of parts is low, the forming temperature is high, and defects are easy to form; the friction stir welding material adding technology does not need a high-energy heat source or gas protection, can use materials with plate, rotary bar and powder specifications, generates heat by friction stir of a stirring pin and a connecting piece to soften the materials at the joint, and then enables the materials to be connected together through axial pressure.
At present, friction stir welding material-increasing equipment mainly uses bar materials, a machine head of the equipment is arranged on a machine body slide carriage, and metal parts are gradually formed from line-surface-body according to a three-dimensional digital model under the control of a program. The continuous feeding mechanism in the existing equipment friction stir welding material adding equipment has the defects of complicated structure, large and heavy machine head part, complex supporting structure required when manufacturing three-dimensional large-size components with complex different curved surfaces (such as rocket storage tank bottom, arc-shaped wallboard and the like), and low efficiency, and can only be stacked and formed by a process from 1D to 2D to 3D; and if the friction stir welding additive is applied to local repair work, the flexible movable characteristic is poor, so that the application of the friction stir welding additive technology in the field of large-size component composite manufacturing and repair is limited.
Therefore, the existing friction stir welding additive equipment has complex structure and poor flexibility, and can not efficiently realize additive manufacturing of components with complex shapes.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to solve the technical problems that friction stir welding material adding equipment in the prior art is complex in structure and poor in flexibility, and material adding manufacture of components with complex shapes cannot be efficiently realized.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides friction stir welding material adding equipment, which comprises,
a base;
the beam assembly is slidably connected to the base along the X-axis direction;
the slide carriage assembly is slidably connected to the beam assembly along the Y-axis direction;
the machine head assembly comprises a machine head frame and an additive main body, the machine head frame is slidably connected to the slide carriage assembly along the Z-axis direction, the additive main body comprises a fork ring piece and a swinging cylinder body, the fork ring piece is rotatably connected to the machine head frame around a C-axis, and the C-axis and the Z-axis direction are parallel; the inner part of the swinging cylinder body is connected with a main shaft assembly, the upper part of the main shaft assembly is connected with a feeding assembly, the swinging cylinder body is rotatably connected to the fork ring piece around the axis of the B shaft, and the axis of the B shaft is parallel to the direction of the Y shaft;
wherein the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to each other.
In one embodiment of the invention, the spindle assembly comprises a hollow spindle and a spindle sleeve, the spindle sleeve is positioned in the swinging cylinder, the hollow spindle is positioned in the spindle sleeve, the swinging cylinder is connected with the spindle sleeve through a first bearing, the spindle sleeve is connected with the hollow spindle through a second bearing, a hollow cavity for accommodating a bar is formed in the hollow spindle, a first clamping assembly and a second clamping assembly are sequentially arranged in the hollow cavity from top to bottom, the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly are slidably connected in the hollow cavity, the spindle sleeve is driven to rotate by a first driving device, and the hollow spindle is driven to rotate by a second driving device.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first drive means comprises a first motor connected to the spindle sleeve by a first belt drive, and the second drive means comprises a second motor connected to the hollow spindle by a second belt drive.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first belt transmission mechanism includes a first driving wheel and a first driven wheel, a first transmission belt is connected between the first driving wheel and the first driven wheel, the first driving wheel is connected with an output shaft of a first motor, the first driven wheel is connected with the spindle sleeve, the second belt transmission mechanism includes a second driving wheel and a second driven wheel, a second transmission belt is connected between the second driving wheel and the second driven wheel, the second driving wheel is connected with an output shaft of a second motor, and the second driven wheel is connected with the hollow spindle.
In one embodiment of the invention, the bottom end of the hollow main shaft is connected with an inner cone which is communicated with the hollow cavity, the bottom end of the main shaft sleeve is connected with an outer cone, and the inner cone is positioned inside the outer cone.
In one embodiment of the invention, the feeding assembly comprises a feeding frame, the feeding frame is connected to the upper part of the swinging cylinder, the feeding frame is connected with a feeding cylinder and a horizontal pushing device, the feeding cylinder is provided with a feeding groove, the feeding cylinder is communicated with a hollow cavity of the hollow main shaft, a pushing down assembly is arranged in the feeding cylinder and driven by a lifting driving device to lift, the pushing down assembly comprises a pushing down seat, a rotary mandrel is rotatably connected to the pushing down seat, an opening groove for being clamped with a bar is formed in the rotary mandrel, and the horizontal pushing device is used for pushing the bar into the opening groove from the feeding groove.
In one embodiment of the invention, the feeding frame is connected with an annular plate, the annular plate is positioned outside the feeding cylinder, an annular accommodating groove for accommodating bars is formed between the annular plate and the feeding cylinder, a plurality of vertical rods are arranged on the periphery of the annular plate, the vertical rods are circumferentially arranged, a first feeding gear is rotatably arranged on each vertical rod, the first feeding gear is meshed with a second feeding gear, the first feeding gear is positioned inside the second feeding gear, and a poking piece is arranged on the second feeding gear.
In one embodiment of the invention, the horizontal pushing device comprises a feeding cylinder, wherein the feeding cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a pushing rod which can stretch along the cylinder body, and a sucker is arranged at the outer end of the pushing rod.
In one embodiment of the invention, the swing cylinder is connected with the fork ring through a first worm and gear transmission mechanism, and the fork ring is connected with the headstock through a second worm and gear transmission mechanism.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first worm gear and worm transmission mechanism comprises a first worm gear and a first worm which are meshed, the first worm gear is connected with the swinging cylinder body, the first worm is driven to rotate by a third motor, the third motor is connected with the fork ring, the second worm gear and worm transmission mechanism comprises a second worm gear and a second worm which are meshed, the second worm gear is connected with the fork ring, the second worm is driven to rotate by a fourth motor, and the fourth motor is connected with the machine head frame.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the friction stir welding material adding device, the material adding main body can integrally perform linear movement in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and meanwhile, the main shaft assembly can swing around the axis B and the axis C, so that five-axis linkage of the friction stir welding material adding device is realized, the flexibility of a structure is greatly improved, material adding manufacturing of a member with a complex shape can be effectively realized, and the efficiency and quality of material adding manufacturing are improved.
Drawings
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof that are illustrated in the appended drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a friction stir welding additive apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of FIG. 1 at M;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the handpiece assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the handpiece assembly of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a left side view of the handpiece assembly of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the handpiece assembly of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken at E-E of FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken at F-F in FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of an additive body;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the additive body of FIG. 9 at another angle;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of the assembly of the feed assembly and bar stock;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the feeding frame;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a rotating mandrel;
FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of an additive manufacturing state;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of another additive manufacturing state;
description of the specification reference numerals:
1. a base; 2. a beam assembly; 3. a carriage assembly;
4. a handpiece assembly;
41. a headstock; 42. an additive body;
421. a fork ring member;
422. swinging the cylinder;
423. a spindle assembly; 4231. a hollow main shaft; 42311. a hollow cavity; 42312. an inner cone; 4232. a spindle sleeve; 42321. an outer cone; 4233. a first bearing; 4234. a second bearing; 4235. a first clamping assembly; 4236. a second clamping assembly; 4237. a first motor; 4238. a second motor; 4239. a first belt drive mechanism; 42391. a first drive wheel; 42392. a first driven wheel; 42393. a first belt; 4240. a second belt drive mechanism; 42401. a second driving wheel; 42402. a second driven wheel; 42403. a second belt;
424. a feeding assembly; 4241. a feeding frame; 4242. a feeding cylinder; 42421. a feed chute; 4243. a horizontal pushing device; 42431. a suction cup; 4244. a push-down assembly; 42441. pushing down the seat; 424411, electromagnetic relay; 42442. rotating the mandrel; 424421, open slot; 4245. a lifting driving device; 4246. an annular plate; 42461. an annular accommodating groove; 4247. a vertical rod; 4248. a first feed gear; 4249. a second feed gear; 42491. a pulling piece;
5. a transmission gear; 6. a rack; 7. a first lead screw; 8. a Y-axis motor; 9. a Z-axis motor; 10. the first worm and gear transmission mechanism; 101. a first worm wheel; 102. a first worm; 11. the second worm and gear transmission mechanism; 111. a second worm wheel; 112. a second worm; 12. a guide rail; 13. a bar stock; 14. a box bottom; 15. arc-shaped wall plates; 16. reinforcing ribs.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting, so that those skilled in the art will better understand the invention and practice it.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the embodiment discloses a friction stir welding material adding device, which comprises a base 1, a beam assembly 2, a slide carriage assembly 3 and a machine head assembly 4;
the beam assembly 2 is slidably connected to the base 1 along the X-axis direction;
the slide carriage assembly 3 is slidably connected to the beam assembly 2 along the Y-axis direction;
the machine head assembly 4 comprises a machine head frame 41 and an additive main body 42, the machine head frame 41 is slidably connected to the slide carriage assembly 3 along the Z-axis direction, the additive main body 42 comprises a fork ring 421 and a swinging cylinder 422, the fork ring 421 is rotatably connected to the machine head frame 41 around a C-axis, and the C-axis and the Z-axis direction are parallel; the main shaft assembly 423 is connected inside the swinging cylinder 422, the feeding assembly 424 is connected to the upper part of the main shaft assembly 423, the swinging cylinder 422 is rotatably connected to the fork ring 421 around the axis B, and the axis B is parallel to the direction of the axis Y;
wherein the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to each other. X, Y and Z in FIG. 1 represent the X-axis direction, Y-axis direction and Z-axis direction, respectively.
Through the structure, the material adding main body 42 can integrally perform linear movement in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and meanwhile, the main shaft assembly 423 can also swing around the B-axis and the C-axis, so that five-axis linkage of the friction stir welding material adding device is realized, the flexibility of the structure is greatly improved, material adding manufacturing of a member with a complex shape can be effectively realized, and the efficiency and quality of material adding manufacturing are improved.
In one embodiment, the beam assembly 2 is connected with the base 1 through a gear-rack 6 transmission mechanism, so that the beam assembly 2 is driven to slide along the X-axis direction of the base 1 through the gear-rack 6 transmission mechanism;
specifically, a rack 6 is arranged on the base 1, a transmission gear 5 is arranged at the bottom of the beam assembly 2, the transmission gear 5 is meshed with the rack 6, and the beam assembly 2 can be driven by the transmission gear 5 to do linear motion along the X-axis direction along the rack 6 only by driving the transmission gear 5 to rotate.
Further, the base 1 can be further provided with a guide rail 12, the cross beam is provided with a sliding block, and the sliding block is slidably connected to the guide rail 12, so that the moving stability of the cross beam assembly 2 is better ensured.
In one embodiment, the slide carriage assembly 3 is connected with the beam assembly 2 through a first screw rod 7 nut transmission mechanism, so that the slide carriage assembly 3 is driven by the first screw rod 7 nut transmission mechanism to slide along the beam assembly 2 in the Y-axis direction; the first screw rod 7 and nut transmission mechanism comprises a first screw rod 7 and a first transmission nut, the first screw rod 7 is rotatably connected to the beam assembly 2, the first transmission nut is connected with the slide carriage assembly 3, and the first transmission nut drives the slide carriage assembly 3 to do linear motion in the Y-axis direction along the first screw rod 7 by driving the screw rod to rotate through the Y-axis motor 8. The first screw 7 here is arranged in the Y-axis direction.
In one embodiment, the headstock 41 is connected to the carriage assembly 3 through a second screw nut transmission mechanism, so as to carry out sliding movement of the headstock 41 along the carriage assembly 3 in the Z-axis direction through the second screw nut transmission mechanism; the second screw nut transmission mechanism comprises a second screw and a second transmission nut, the second screw is rotatably connected to the slide carriage assembly 3, the second transmission nut is connected to the machine head frame 41, and the second screw is driven to rotate through the Z-axis motor 9, so that the second transmission nut can drive the machine head frame 41 to do linear motion along the Z-axis direction along the second screw. The second spindle is arranged here in the Z-axis direction.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3-8, the spindle assembly 423 includes a hollow spindle 4231 and a spindle sleeve 4232, the spindle sleeve 4232 is located inside the swing cylinder 422, the hollow spindle 4231 is located inside the spindle sleeve 4232, the swing cylinder 422 and the spindle sleeve 4232 are connected through a first bearing 4233, the spindle sleeve 4232 and the hollow spindle 4231 are connected through a second bearing 4234, a hollow cavity 42311 for accommodating the bar 13 is formed inside the hollow spindle 4231, a first clamping assembly 4235 and a second clamping assembly 4236 are sequentially arranged inside the hollow cavity 42311 from top to bottom, the first clamping assembly 4235 and the second clamping assembly 4236 are slidably connected in the hollow cavity 42311, the spindle sleeve 4232 is driven to rotate by a first driving device, and the hollow spindle 4231 is driven to rotate by a second driving device.
The first clamping assembly 4235 and the second clamping assembly 4236 are configured to clamp onto different portions of the bar 13 and descend and rotate therewith;
further, the first clamping assembly 4235 and the second clamping assembly 4236 may be hydraulic tensioning clamps, and the inner wall of the clamps is contracted by hydraulic action, so as to clamp the bar 13. The hydraulic tensioning clamp is provided with a hydraulic oil cylinder for providing a hydraulic source.
When the spindle assembly 423 works, the first clamping assembly 4235 and the second clamping assembly 4236 clamp the bar 13, and the hollow spindle 4231 is driven to rotate by the second driving device, so that the first clamping assembly 4235, the second clamping assembly 4236 and the bar 13 in the interior are driven to rotate together, the bottom end of the bar 13 extends out of the hollow spindle 4231 and contacts and rubs with a workpiece substrate, and the bar 13 is heated and softened to generate plastic deformation to form a plastic additive layer; simultaneously, the second driving device drives the spindle sleeve 4232 to rotate, and the rotation of the spindle sleeve 4232 can rapidly stir and disperse the plastic additive layer, so that the additive layer and the base material are fully stirred and mixed, and the interlayer binding force of the additive layer and the base material is greatly enhanced.
In the above structure, the spindle sleeve 4232 and the hollow spindle 4231 are driven by different driving devices respectively, so that the spindle sleeve 4232 and the hollow spindle 4231 can realize differential rotation, and the spindle sleeve 4232 can enhance the rapid flow of the plastic layer through the rotation movement, thereby better ensuring the full mixing of the additive layer and the base material.
In one embodiment, the first drive means comprises a first motor 4237, the first motor 4237 is connected to the spindle sleeve 4232 by a first belt drive 4239, and the second drive means comprises a second motor 4238, the second motor 4238 is connected to the hollow spindle 4231 by a second belt drive 4240.
Further, as shown in fig. 7 to 10, the first belt transmission mechanism 4239 includes a first driving wheel 42391 and a first driven wheel 42392, a first transmission belt 42393 is connected between the first driving wheel 42391 and the first driven wheel 42392, the first driving wheel 42391 is connected to an output shaft of the first motor 4237, the first driven wheel 42392 is connected to the spindle sleeve 4232, the second belt transmission mechanism 4240 includes a second driving wheel 42401 and a second driven wheel 42402, a second transmission belt 42403 is connected between the second driving wheel 42401 and the second driven wheel 42402, the second driving wheel 42401 is connected to an output shaft of the second motor 4238, and the second driven wheel 42402 is connected to the hollow spindle 4231.
In one embodiment, the bottom end of the hollow spindle 4231 is connected to an inner cone 42312 in communication with the hollow cavity 42311, the bottom end of the spindle sleeve 4232 is connected to an outer cone 42321, and the inner cone 42312 is located inside the outer cone 42321. The inner cone 42312 rotates with the hollow spindle 4231 and the outer cone 42321 rotates with the spindle sleeve 4232.
Bar 13 eventually enters inner cone 42312 from hollow cavity 42311 and protrudes from inner cone 42312 into contact with the external substrate.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, 11 and 12, the feeding assembly 424 includes a feeding frame 4241, the feeding frame 4241 is connected to the upper portion of the swing cylinder 422, a feeding cylinder 4242 and a horizontal pushing device 4243 are disposed on the feeding frame 4241, a feeding groove 42421 is disposed on the feeding cylinder 4242, the feeding cylinder 4242 is communicated with a hollow cavity 42311 of the hollow main shaft 4231, a pushing down assembly 4244 is disposed in the feeding cylinder 4242, the pushing down assembly 4244 is driven by a lifting driving device 4245 to lift, the pushing down assembly 4244 includes a pushing down seat 42441, a rotating mandrel 42442 is rotatably connected to the pushing down seat 42441, as shown in fig. 13, an opening groove 424421 for being clamped with the bar 13 is disposed on the rotating mandrel 42442, and the horizontal pushing device 4243 is used for pushing the bar 13 from the feeding groove 42421 into the opening groove 424421, so that the bar 13 can be rotated together.
The horizontal pushing device 4243 may be an air cylinder, and the lifting driving device 4245 may be an electric push rod.
The horizontal pushing device 4243 is used for pushing the bar 13 into the feeding cylinder 4242 to reach the pushing component 4244, and the pushing component 4244 is used for pushing the bar 13 to move downwards to enter the hollow cavity 42311 of the lower hollow main shaft 4231 and finally extend out, and the extending end is in contact with the substrate.
Since the bar 13 is driven to rotate by the hollow spindle 4231 after entering the hollow spindle 4231, the rotating spindle 42442 is driven to rotate together with the bar 13.
Wherein, the opening direction of the opening groove 424421 is perpendicular to the axis of the feeding cylinder.
Further, a magnet may be disposed on the side of the rotary spindle 42442 opposite to the open slot 424421, an electromagnetic relay 424411 is disposed on the push-down seat 42441, and after the lifting driving device 4245 moves upward, the electromagnetic relay 424411 is started, and the magnet is attracted by the electromagnetic relay 424411, so that the rotary spindle 42442 is reset, and the slot thereof is aligned to the feed slot 42421 again.
Further, two horizontal pushing devices 4243 may be disposed on the feeding frame 4241 from top to bottom.
Further, the feeding frame 4241 is connected with an annular plate 4246, the annular plate 4246 is located outside the feeding cylinder 4242, and an annular accommodating groove 42461 for accommodating the bar 13 is formed between the annular plate 4246 and the feeding cylinder 4242, so that the bar 13 is arranged in an annular accommodating ring and surrounds the outside of the feeding cylinder 4242;
the periphery of annular plate 4246 is provided with a plurality of pole setting 4247, and a plurality of pole setting 4247 are circumference and arrange, and each pole setting 4247 is gone up and is all rotatable to be provided with first feed gear 4248, and first feed gear 4248 meshes with second feed gear 4249, and first feed gear 4248 is located the inside of second feed gear 4249, is provided with plectrum 42491 on the second feed gear 4249, and plectrum 42491 stretches into between two adjacent bar 13 to stir bar 13 and drive bar 13 circumference and remove.
Wherein, the bar 13 is arranged in the annular accommodating groove 42461 in a circle, the bar 13 is a round bar 13, the diameter is between 15 and 30mm, and the length is about 600mm.
The first feeding gear 4248 can be driven to rotate by the self-powered motor, so that the first feeding gear 4248 drives the second feeding gear 4249 to rotate, and further drives the poking plate 42491 to rotate along with the second feeding gear 4249, and finally the poking plate 42491 pushes the bar 13 to move circumferentially until the bar 13 moves to the feeding groove 42421;
when the bar 13 reaches the feeding groove 42421, pushing the bar 13 from the feeding groove 42421 into the feeding cylinder 4242 by the horizontal pushing device 4243 until the bar 13 reaches the rotary mandrel 42442 of the pushing-down assembly 4244, so that the bar 13 is clamped in the open groove 424421 of the rotary mandrel 42442; then, the lifting driving device 4245 is started to drive the pushing-down assembly 4244 to descend, so that the bar 13 can be pushed by the pushing-down assembly 4244 to move downwards into the hollow main shaft 4231; after the bar 13 enters the hollow main shaft 4231, the bar 13 is gradually clamped by the first clamping assembly 4235 and the second clamping assembly 4236, at this time, the first clamping assembly 4235 and the second clamping assembly 4236 and the clamped bar 13 can descend together, and in addition, in the blanking process, the hollow main shaft 4231 can drive the bar 13 to rotate, so that the bar 13 can move downwards while rotating. It will be appreciated that the first and second clamp assemblies 4235, 4236 may be controlled to loosen the bar 13 and return to the original position when the bar 13 is about to be consumed.
In one embodiment, the horizontal pushing device 4243 comprises a feeding cylinder, the feeding cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a pushing rod which can stretch along the cylinder body, the outer end of the pushing rod is provided with a sucking disc 42431, when the bar 13 is pushed, the bar 13 is firstly sucked by the sucking disc 42431, then the pushing rod is extended to horizontally push the bar 13 to a set position, and after the pushing rod reaches the set position, the pushing rod is retracted.
In one embodiment, the swing cylinder 422 is connected to the fork ring 421 through the worm transmission mechanism 10 of the first worm wheel 101, and the fork ring 421 is connected to the frame 41 through the worm transmission mechanism 11 of the second worm wheel 111, so as to better ensure the swing stability, and also to improve the compactness of the structural arrangement.
Further, the first worm wheel 101 worm transmission mechanism 10 comprises a first worm wheel 101 and a first worm 102 which are meshed, the first worm wheel 101 is connected with the swinging cylinder 422, the first worm 102 is driven to rotate by a third motor, the third motor is connected with the fork ring 421, the second worm wheel 111 worm transmission mechanism 11 comprises a second worm wheel 111 and a second worm 112 which are meshed, the second worm wheel 111 is connected with the fork ring 421, the second worm 112 is driven to rotate by a fourth motor, and the fourth motor is connected with the machine frame 41.
When the second worm 112 rotates, the second worm wheel 111 and the fork ring 421 are driven to rotate together around the C-axis, so as to drive the inner spindle assembly 423 and the feeding assembly 424 to rotate together around the C-axis;
when the first worm 102 rotates, the first worm wheel 101 and the swing cylinder 422 are driven to swing around the axis of the B shaft together, so that the main shaft assembly 423 and the feeding assembly 424 are driven to swing around the axis of the B shaft together;
further, the first worm wheel 101 worm transmission mechanism 10 is arranged on two sides of the swinging cylinder 422, so that the swinging stability and reliability of the swinging cylinder 422 around the axis of the B shaft can be better ensured.
The following specifically illustrates the method of using the friction stir welding additive apparatus of the above embodiment:
loading the bar 13 into the annular accommodating groove 42461 of the feeding assembly 424, starting the feeding assembly 424, pushing the bar 13 into a pushing-down assembly 4244 in the feeding barrel 4242 by a horizontal pushing device 4243, and driving the pushing-down assembly 4244 to descend by a lifting driving device 4245 so as to push the bar 13 to move downwards;
after the bar 13 moves down into the hollow main shaft 4231 of the main shaft assembly 423, the hollow main shaft 4231 drives the bar 13 to rotate, and at the moment, the bar 13 continuously moves down under the action of the push-down assembly 4244 while rotating until the bar 13 extends out of the lower part of the main shaft assembly 423 and contacts with the substrate;
after the bar 13 contacts with the base material, the rotating descending state is still maintained, the rotating bar contacts with the base material to form a plastic additive layer, and the differential rotation spindle sleeve 4232 at the periphery of the hollow spindle 4231 enables the plastic additive layer to flow rapidly, so that the plastic additive layer and the base material are fully mixed;
the spindle assembly 423 is controlled to perform linear motion in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, or to swing around the B-axis and the C-axis, so that the spindle assembly 423 can move according to a preset three-dimensional track, thereby realizing three-dimensional solid additive layer stacking.
It will be appreciated that there is little remaining in the previous bar 13, i.e., after the previous bar 13 has moved down a distance, the push down assembly 4244 in the feed assembly 424 can be returned to its original position and then the next bar 13 can be pushed forward.
For example, as shown in fig. 14, solid state additive manufacturing of the metal bottom 14 can be performed by the above method, and the axis angle of the spindle assembly 423 in the additive apparatus is adjusted according to the tangential direction of the outer surface of the bottom 14 so that the axis is perpendicular to the tangential direction, and then additive manufacturing is performed according to the tangential track.
As shown in fig. 15, the solid additive manufacturing of the reinforcing ribs 16 of the arc-shaped wall plate 15 can be performed by using the method, the axis angle of the spindle assembly 423 in the additive apparatus is adjusted according to the tangential direction of the arc-shaped wall plate 15, and the additive manufacturing of the reinforcing ribs 16 is performed according to the tangential track.
The friction stir welding material adding equipment can realize five-axis linkage of the main shaft assembly, flexibly adjust the angle and the position of the main shaft assembly, greatly improve the flexibility of the structure, enable the main shaft assembly to move according to a three-dimensional track, realize three-dimensional material adding manufacture of components with complex shapes, and have higher material adding efficiency and quality; the main shaft assembly and the feeding assembly are integrated into a whole, the whole structure is simpler and more compact, the integration degree is high, and the occupied space is smaller.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations and modifications of the present invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Friction stir welding material adding equipment, its characterized in that: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
a base;
the beam assembly is slidably connected to the base along the X-axis direction;
the slide carriage assembly is slidably connected to the beam assembly along the Y-axis direction;
the machine head assembly comprises a machine head frame and an additive main body, the machine head frame is slidably connected to the slide carriage assembly along the Z-axis direction, the additive main body comprises a fork ring piece and a swinging cylinder body, the fork ring piece is rotatably connected to the machine head frame around a C-axis, and the C-axis and the Z-axis direction are parallel; the inner part of the swinging cylinder body is connected with a main shaft assembly, the upper part of the main shaft assembly is connected with a feeding assembly, the swinging cylinder body is rotatably connected to the fork ring piece around the axis of the B shaft, and the axis of the B shaft is parallel to the direction of the Y shaft;
wherein the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to each other.
2. The friction stir welding additive apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the main shaft subassembly includes cavity main shaft and main shaft sleeve, the main shaft sleeve is located the pendulum changes the barrel inside, the cavity main shaft is located the main shaft sleeve is inside, pendulum changes the barrel with connect through first bearing between the main shaft sleeve, the main shaft sleeve with connect through the second bearing between the cavity main shaft, the cavity that has the holding bar in the cavity main shaft is inside, first clamping component and second clamping component have been set gradually from top to bottom to the inside of cavity, first clamping component and second clamping component all can slide ground and connect in the cavity, the main shaft sleeve is rotatory by first drive arrangement drive, the cavity main shaft is rotatory by second drive arrangement drive.
3. The friction stir welding additive apparatus of claim 2 wherein: the first driving device comprises a first motor, the first motor is connected with the main shaft sleeve through a first belt transmission mechanism, the second driving device comprises a second motor, and the second motor is connected with the hollow main shaft through a second belt transmission mechanism.
4. A friction stir welding additive apparatus according to claim 3 wherein: the first belt transmission mechanism comprises a first driving wheel and a first driven wheel, a first transmission belt is connected between the first driving wheel and the first driven wheel, the first driving wheel is connected with an output shaft of a first motor, the first driven wheel is connected with the main shaft sleeve, the second belt transmission mechanism comprises a second driving wheel and a second driven wheel, a second transmission belt is connected between the second driving wheel and the second driven wheel, the second driving wheel is connected with an output shaft of a second motor, and the second driven wheel is connected with the hollow main shaft.
5. The friction stir welding additive apparatus of claim 2 wherein: the bottom of cavity main shaft be connected with the interior cone of cavity body intercommunication, the bottom of main shaft sleeve is connected with outer cone, interior cone is located the inside of outer cone.
6. The friction stir welding additive apparatus of claim 2 wherein: the feeding assembly comprises a feeding frame, the feeding frame is connected to the upper portion of the swing cylinder, the feeding frame is provided with a feeding cylinder and a horizontal pushing device in a connecting mode, the feeding cylinder is provided with a feeding groove, the feeding cylinder is communicated with a hollow cavity of the hollow main shaft, a pushing assembly is arranged in the feeding cylinder and driven by a lifting driving device to lift, the pushing assembly comprises a pushing seat, a rotary mandrel is rotatably connected to the pushing seat, an opening groove for being clamped with a bar is formed in the rotary mandrel, and the horizontal pushing device is used for pushing the bar to the opening groove.
7. The friction stir welding additive apparatus of claim 6 wherein: the feeding rack is connected with an annular plate, the annular plate is located outside the feeding barrel, an annular accommodating groove for accommodating bars is formed between the annular plate and the feeding barrel, a plurality of vertical rods are arranged on the periphery of the annular plate, the vertical rods are circumferentially arranged, each vertical rod is rotatably provided with a first feeding gear, the first feeding gear is meshed with a second feeding gear, the first feeding gear is located inside the second feeding gear, and a shifting piece is arranged on the second feeding gear.
8. The friction stir welding additive apparatus of claim 6 wherein: the horizontal pushing device comprises a feeding cylinder, the feeding cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a pushing rod which can stretch along the cylinder body, and a sucker is arranged at the outer end of the pushing rod.
9. The friction stir welding additive apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the swing cylinder body is connected with the fork ring piece through a first worm and gear transmission mechanism, and the fork ring piece is connected with the headstock through a second worm and gear transmission mechanism.
10. The friction stir welding additive apparatus of claim 9 wherein: the first worm gear and worm transmission mechanism comprises a first worm gear and a first worm which are meshed, the first worm gear is connected with the swinging cylinder body, the first worm is driven to rotate by a third motor, the third motor is connected with the fork ring piece, the second worm gear and worm transmission mechanism comprises a second worm gear and a second worm which are meshed, the second worm gear is connected with the fork ring piece, the second worm is driven to rotate by a fourth motor, and the fourth motor is connected with the machine head frame.
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| CN202310875894.8A CN116748662A (en) | 2023-07-17 | 2023-07-17 | Friction stir welding additive equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310875894.8A CN116748662A (en) | 2023-07-17 | 2023-07-17 | Friction stir welding additive equipment |
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| CN119857924A (en) * | 2025-01-16 | 2025-04-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Paraxial rod feeding coaxial deposition friction stir additive manufacturing device and method |
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